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Sinan Eruçar
Istanbul Technical University Faculty of Civil Engineering, Hydraulics and Water Resource Engineering Division, Maslak 34469, Istanbul, Turkey

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Journal article
Published: 20 August 2020 in Ocean Engineering
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The Golden Horn estuary serves as a prominent symbol of Istanbul's history, its beauty, and its richness. Considered the world's largest natural harbor, the Golden Horn is an inlet of the Bosphorus, that geographically separates the historical center of Istanbul from the rest of the city. From its shining golden colored water at sunset to the horn-shaped sheltered harbor it creates, for thousands of years, the Golden Horn estuary has been a major economic attraction and has served as a critical military advantage for its inhabitants. The estuary connects the Bosphorus Strait with the Sea of Marmara and merges two rivers, the Kağıthane and Alibeyköy. Despite its significance, up until two decades ago, the Golden Horn estuary was a victim of industrialization, urban sprawl, and considered a prime dumping spot for industrial waste. Most research of the Golden Horn has focused on its pollution; in this paper, we explore the hydrodynamics of the Golden Horn. In this study, a physical experimental hydrodynamic model of the Golden Horn is developed to explore four different scenarios of possible bridge structures to enhance travel and commerce routes. These scenarios are: i) Keeping the natural condition of the estuary without structure (Scenario-1) ii) The presence of the Atatürk (Unkapanı) Bridge (Scenario-2), iii) the presence of a submerged bridge within the estuary (Scenarios-3) and iv) both the Atatürk (Unkapanı) Bridge and a submerged bridge existing in the estuary (Scenario-4). The structureless scenario is considered as a reference model to help evaluate the structural effects on the hydrodynamics of the Golden Horn. For each scenario, the physical experiments are conducted under flowrates 0.83, 1.11, and 1.39 L per second and flow patterns of the Golden Horn investigated. Eddies, shore flows, and regional flows are identified, and the effects of the structures revealed. The results of this present study show that the floating bridge has the highest impact on the horizontal water flow. Double bridge presence in the estuary has a mild effect, and the underwater bridge has relatively minor effects on the horizontal flow patterns of the Golden Horn.

ACS Style

Abdüsselam Altunkaynak; Sinan Eruçar. Physical experimental investigation of the horizontal water flow patterns in the Golden Horn under different scenarios with the presence of various structures. Ocean Engineering 2020, 215, 107837 .

AMA Style

Abdüsselam Altunkaynak, Sinan Eruçar. Physical experimental investigation of the horizontal water flow patterns in the Golden Horn under different scenarios with the presence of various structures. Ocean Engineering. 2020; 215 ():107837.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abdüsselam Altunkaynak; Sinan Eruçar. 2020. "Physical experimental investigation of the horizontal water flow patterns in the Golden Horn under different scenarios with the presence of various structures." Ocean Engineering 215, no. : 107837.

Article
Published: 06 October 2019 in Water
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Although the complexity of physically-based models continues to increase, they still need to be calibrated. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in using new satellite technologies and products with high resolution in model evaluations and decision-making. The aim of this study is to investigate the value of different remote sensing products and groundwater level measurements in the temporal calibration of a well-known hydrologic model i.e., Hydrologiska Bryåns Vattenbalansavdelning (HBV). This has rarely been done for conceptual models, as satellite data are often used in the spatial calibration of the distributed models. Three different soil moisture products from the European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative Soil Measure (ESA CCI SM v04.4), The Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer on the Earth Observing System (EOS) Aqua satellite (AMSR-E), soil moisture active passive (SMAP), and total water storage anomalies from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) are collected and spatially averaged over the Moselle River Basin in Germany and France. Different combinations of objective functions and search algorithms, all targeting a good fit between observed and simulated streamflow, groundwater and soil moisture, are used to analyze the contribution of each individual source of information.

ACS Style

Mehmet Cüneyd Demirel; Alparslan Özen; Selen Orta; Emir Toker; Hatice Kübra Demir; Ömer Ekmekcioğlu; Hüsamettin Tayşi; Sinan Eruçar; Ahmet Bilal Sağ; Ömer Sarı; Ecem Tuncer; Hayrettin Hancı; Türkan Irem Özcan; Hilal Erdem; Mehmet Melih Koşucu; Eyyup Ensar Başakın; Kamal Ahmed; Awat Anwar; Muhammet Bahattin Avcuoğlu; Ömer Vanlı; Simon Stisen; Martijn J. Booij. Additional Value of Using Satellite-Based Soil Moisture and Two Sources of Groundwater Data for Hydrological Model Calibration. Water 2019, 11, 2083 .

AMA Style

Mehmet Cüneyd Demirel, Alparslan Özen, Selen Orta, Emir Toker, Hatice Kübra Demir, Ömer Ekmekcioğlu, Hüsamettin Tayşi, Sinan Eruçar, Ahmet Bilal Sağ, Ömer Sarı, Ecem Tuncer, Hayrettin Hancı, Türkan Irem Özcan, Hilal Erdem, Mehmet Melih Koşucu, Eyyup Ensar Başakın, Kamal Ahmed, Awat Anwar, Muhammet Bahattin Avcuoğlu, Ömer Vanlı, Simon Stisen, Martijn J. Booij. Additional Value of Using Satellite-Based Soil Moisture and Two Sources of Groundwater Data for Hydrological Model Calibration. Water. 2019; 11 (10):2083.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mehmet Cüneyd Demirel; Alparslan Özen; Selen Orta; Emir Toker; Hatice Kübra Demir; Ömer Ekmekcioğlu; Hüsamettin Tayşi; Sinan Eruçar; Ahmet Bilal Sağ; Ömer Sarı; Ecem Tuncer; Hayrettin Hancı; Türkan Irem Özcan; Hilal Erdem; Mehmet Melih Koşucu; Eyyup Ensar Başakın; Kamal Ahmed; Awat Anwar; Muhammet Bahattin Avcuoğlu; Ömer Vanlı; Simon Stisen; Martijn J. Booij. 2019. "Additional Value of Using Satellite-Based Soil Moisture and Two Sources of Groundwater Data for Hydrological Model Calibration." Water 11, no. 10: 2083.