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Background: As the service industry develops, the proportion of emotional laborers is gradually increasing, and their occupational health problems are gradually becoming serious social problems. Researchers must consider various factors, from the personal to the organizational levels, to prevent health problems from arising in the workplace. Many intervention studies have investigated the health and wellbeing of workers, but mainly at the individual level, even though an organization’s interest and efforts are essential for addressing work-related health problems. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to verify the importance of organizations’ interests to protect emotional laborers from work-related health problems. Methods: We used data obtained through the 4th Korean Working Condition Survey of 2014. The study cohort comprised 5857 survey participants over the age of 18 years. Employers, self-employed persons and professional soldiers were excluded. Logistic regression was employed to identify associations between an emotional expression guide and work-related health problems using SPSS 22.0 statistical software. Results: In the absence of an emotional expression guide, the risk of work-related physical and psychological health problems was increased. Even after adjusting for confounding variables, the risks were statistically maintained, particularly headache (odds ratio (OR) 1.798; 95% confidence interval 95% CI: 1.288–2.508), lower limb muscular pain (OR: 1.627; 95% CI: 1.130–2.342), general fatigue (OR: 1.582; 95% CI: 1.077–2.326) and depressive symptom (OR: 6.149; 95% CI: 1.198–31.563). Conclusion: This study showed that organizations’ interests and efforts to prevent workers from being harmed by the effects of emotional labor are important in the prevention of psychosocial and physical health problems; therefore, a national interest in supporting emotional laborers and in introducing policies to support these workers should be established.
Ji Ha; Jin Kim. The Importance of an Emotional Expression Guide to Prevent Work-Related Health Problems in Emotional Laborers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 6710 .
AMA StyleJi Ha, Jin Kim. The Importance of an Emotional Expression Guide to Prevent Work-Related Health Problems in Emotional Laborers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (13):6710.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJi Ha; Jin Kim. 2021. "The Importance of an Emotional Expression Guide to Prevent Work-Related Health Problems in Emotional Laborers." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 13: 6710.
Background: Scoping reviews of the literature on the development and application of mental health apps based on theoretical suggestions are lacking. This study systematically examines studies on the effects and results of mental health mobile apps for the general adult population. Methods: Following PICOs (population, intervention, comparison, outcome, study design), a general form of scoping review was adopted. From January 2010 to December 2019, we selected the effects of mental health-related apps and intervention programs provided by mobile to the general adult population over the age of 18. Additionally, evaluation of methodological quality was assessed using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) checklist. Results: Fourteen studies were analyzed of 1205 that were identified; duplicate and matching studies were excluded. One was a descriptive study and 13 were experimental, of which randomized control trials (RCTs) accounted for 71.4%. Four of the mobile apps were developed based on cognitive behavior theory, one based on stress theory, and one on ecological instant intervention theory. These apps included breathing training, meditation, and music therapy. Stress, depression, and anxiety decreased using these apps, and some were effective for well-being. Conclusion: With the rapid development of technology related to mental health, many mobile apps are developed, but apps based on theoretical knowledge and well-designed research are lacking. Further research and practices should be conducted to develop, test, and disseminate evidence-based mHealth for mental health promotion. RCT studies are needed to expand the application to mental health services to various populations.
Won Hwang; Ji Ha; Mi Kim. Research Trends on Mobile Mental Health Application for General Population: A Scoping Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 2459 .
AMA StyleWon Hwang, Ji Ha, Mi Kim. Research Trends on Mobile Mental Health Application for General Population: A Scoping Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (5):2459.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWon Hwang; Ji Ha; Mi Kim. 2021. "Research Trends on Mobile Mental Health Application for General Population: A Scoping Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5: 2459.
This study aimed to examine the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the Work–Family Behavioral Role Conflict Scale (WFBRC-S), which was originally developed to measure work–family behavioral role conflict in American adults with a wide variety of occupations such as nurses and chief executive officers. This study used a methodological research design. The study population consisted of 235 married men and women aged 20 years or older who were living in various cities, who had been employed for three years or more. The validity of the content, construct, convergent, discriminant, and criterion related, as well as the reliability of the WFBRC-S-K, was assessed. The WFBRC-S Korean version consists of 25 items. It was found that through the validity of the composition and standards of WFBRC-S-K, it was possible to measure the conflict by focusing on behavior so that a comprehensive evaluation of the role conflict between family and work, and work and family, can be performed. Five items in the WFBRC-S-K were excluded with a standardized factor loading of less than 0.50. We applied the modified index to improve the model fit to build a model, it supports a good fit and reliable score for the Korean version of the WFBRC-S model. Analysis of the fit of the revised model Nomed χ2 (CIMIN/df) value of less was: fit indices to 2.05 RMSEA = 0.07, RMR = 0.04, SRMR = 0.06, GFI = 0.85, IFI = 0.91, TLI = 0.90, CFI = 0.91. Criterion validity compared to the WLBOC-S showed significant correlation, and Cronbach’s alpha was 0.94. Factor loadings of the 25 questions ranged from 0.49 to 0.81. The study findings confirmed the applicability of this scale for measuring the work–family behavioral role conflict in Korean adults with a wide variety of occupations. The WFBRC-S-K can be applied on the measurement of work–family conflict in nursing and other industrial sites. These results provide a foundation for future studies on work–family behavioral role conflict in Korean adult.
Mihyeon Seong; Ji Hyeun Song; Ji Sun Ha; Gi Jung Jung; Sohyune Sok. Validity and Reliability of the Korean Version of the Work–Family Behavioral Role Conflict Scale (WFBRC-S). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 9273 .
AMA StyleMihyeon Seong, Ji Hyeun Song, Ji Sun Ha, Gi Jung Jung, Sohyune Sok. Validity and Reliability of the Korean Version of the Work–Family Behavioral Role Conflict Scale (WFBRC-S). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (24):9273.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMihyeon Seong; Ji Hyeun Song; Ji Sun Ha; Gi Jung Jung; Sohyune Sok. 2020. "Validity and Reliability of the Korean Version of the Work–Family Behavioral Role Conflict Scale (WFBRC-S)." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 24: 9273.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a yoga program provided to workers in small businesses to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. A nonequivalent control group pre/post-test design was used. The experimental group (n = 31) was assigned a yoga program consisting of yoga postures designed for meditation, strengthening, stretching, and balancing, given twice weekly for 12 weeks. The control group (n = 38) was given no other intervention. The mean age was 48.1 years old in the experimental group and 47.7 years old in the control group. Three trained investigators collected the questionnaires and one month after completing the 12-week yoga program, the same questionnaires that were administered at baseline were again administered. Psychosocial variables (depressive symptoms and job stress), health promotion behaviors, and body measurements (weight and waist circumference) were measured for the program evaluation. The yoga program was effective in improving waist circumference (from 81.8 to 79.2, p < 0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (from 81.0 to 79.1, p = 0.004) as compared to the control group. Furthermore, the experimental group’s job stress score decreased from 1.38 to 1.02, but it was not statistically significant (p = 0.240). A yoga program could be a useful intervention for workers with CVD risk factors, but it was not effective in psychological factors such as job stress and depression. A long-term intervention approach is important to confirm the psychosocial effect. Therefore, future research is needed to investigate the long-term outcomes of such interventions.
Won Hwang; Jin Kim; Ji Ha. Effects of a Yoga Program in Reducing Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Workers of Small Workplaces: A Pilot Test. Sustainability 2020, 12, 10038 .
AMA StyleWon Hwang, Jin Kim, Ji Ha. Effects of a Yoga Program in Reducing Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Workers of Small Workplaces: A Pilot Test. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (23):10038.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWon Hwang; Jin Kim; Ji Ha. 2020. "Effects of a Yoga Program in Reducing Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Workers of Small Workplaces: A Pilot Test." Sustainability 12, no. 23: 10038.
Purpose: Developing and evaluating a simulation scenario for community nursing practicum students.Design: One group, pretest posttest design with 87 nursing students.Methods: Data were collected through questionnaires. The simulation was based on Jeffries' simulation model and used a standardized patient.Findings: Self-efficacy and critical thinking increased with the developed simulation. Positive correlations were identified among critical thinking, learning effectiveness, and self-efficacy.Conclusions: The home-visit simulation scenario was effective in providing students with a problem-solving experience in conditions similar to reality.Clinical Evidence: Further research is needed to develop various types of community simulation scenarios to enhance competency for community health practice.
Won Ju Hwang; Jin Ah Kim. Development and Evaluation of a Home-visit Simulation Scenario for Elderly People with Diabetes Mellitus Who Live Alone. Journal of Community Health Nursing 2020, 37, 89 -102.
AMA StyleWon Ju Hwang, Jin Ah Kim. Development and Evaluation of a Home-visit Simulation Scenario for Elderly People with Diabetes Mellitus Who Live Alone. Journal of Community Health Nursing. 2020; 37 (2):89-102.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWon Ju Hwang; Jin Ah Kim. 2020. "Development and Evaluation of a Home-visit Simulation Scenario for Elderly People with Diabetes Mellitus Who Live Alone." Journal of Community Health Nursing 37, no. 2: 89-102.
This study developed and evaluated a health management program based on the participant-centered concept of action research to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among blue collar workers. Data from structured questionnaires completed by 32 workers in a small-to-medium sized workplace from September 2015 to October 2016 as well as participants’ anthropometrical (weight and waist) and biological (blood pressure, glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol) data were analyzed using paired t-test and Fisher’s exact test. To examine the longitudinal effect of the intervention, survival analysis and linear mixed model (LMM) were used. There was an improvement in participants’ self-regulation in maintaining health-promoting behaviors, body weight, blood pressure, and HDL cholesterol following the intervention. Furthermore, the effects of the health management program continued even after the program ended. These findings suggest that the health management program developed in this study could be effective in reducing CVD risk factors among workers in small-to-medium sized workplaces and should be applied to other small-to-medium sized workplaces to foster health-promoting behaviors.
Won Ju Hwang; Jin Ah Kim. Developing a Health-Promotion Program Based on the Action Research Paradigm to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors among Blue Collar Workers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 4958 .
AMA StyleWon Ju Hwang, Jin Ah Kim. Developing a Health-Promotion Program Based on the Action Research Paradigm to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors among Blue Collar Workers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (24):4958.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWon Ju Hwang; Jin Ah Kim. 2019. "Developing a Health-Promotion Program Based on the Action Research Paradigm to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors among Blue Collar Workers." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 24: 4958.