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Dr. Stefano Segadelli
Emilia-Romagna Region, Bologna, Italy

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Data description paper
Published: 17 March 2021 in Earth System Science Data
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Water resources and associated ecosystems are becoming highly endangered due to ongoing global environmental changes. Spatial ecological modelling is a promising toolbox for understanding the past, present and future distribution and diversity patterns in groundwater-dependent ecosystems, such as fens, springs, streams, reed beds or wet grasslands. Still, the lack of detailed water chemistry maps prevents the use of reasonable models to be applied on continental and global scales. Being major determinants of biological composition and diversity of groundwater-dependent ecosystems, groundwater pH and calcium are of utmost importance. Here we developed an up-to-date European map of groundwater pH and Ca, based on 7577 measurements of near-surface groundwater pH and calcium distributed across Europe. In comparison to the existing European groundwater maps, we included several times more sites, especially in the regions rich in spring and fen habitats, and filled the apparent gaps in eastern and southeastern Europe. We used random forest models and regression kriging to create continuous maps of water pH and calcium at the continental scale, which is freely available also as a raster map (Hájek et al., 2020b; https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4139912). Lithology had a higher importance than climate for both pH and calcium. The previously recognised latitudinal and altitudinal gradients were rediscovered with much refined regional patterns, as associated with bedrock variation. For ecological models of distribution and diversity of many terrestrial ecosystems, our new map based on field groundwater measurements is more suitable than maps of soil pH, which mirror not only bedrock chemistry but also vegetation-dependent soil processes.

ACS Style

Michal Hájek; Borja Jiménez-Alfaro; Ondřej Hájek; Lisa Brancaleoni; Marco Cantonati; Michele Carbognani; Anita Dedić; Daniel Dítě; Renato Gerdol; Petra Hájková; Veronika Horsáková; Florian Jansen; Jasmina Kamberović; Jutta Kapfer; Tiina Hilkka Maria Kolari; Mariusz Lamentowicz; Predrag Lazarević; Ermin Mašić; Jesper Erenskjold Moeslund; Aaron Pérez-Haase; Tomáš Peterka; Alessandro Petraglia; Eulàlia Pladevall-Izard; Zuzana Plesková; Stefano Segadelli; Yuliya Semeniuk; Patrícia Singh; Anna Šímová; Eva Šmerdová; Teemu Tahvanainen; Marcello Tomaselli; Yuliya Vystavna; Claudia Biţă-Nicolae; Michal Horsák. A European map of groundwater pH and calcium. Earth System Science Data 2021, 13, 1089 -1105.

AMA Style

Michal Hájek, Borja Jiménez-Alfaro, Ondřej Hájek, Lisa Brancaleoni, Marco Cantonati, Michele Carbognani, Anita Dedić, Daniel Dítě, Renato Gerdol, Petra Hájková, Veronika Horsáková, Florian Jansen, Jasmina Kamberović, Jutta Kapfer, Tiina Hilkka Maria Kolari, Mariusz Lamentowicz, Predrag Lazarević, Ermin Mašić, Jesper Erenskjold Moeslund, Aaron Pérez-Haase, Tomáš Peterka, Alessandro Petraglia, Eulàlia Pladevall-Izard, Zuzana Plesková, Stefano Segadelli, Yuliya Semeniuk, Patrícia Singh, Anna Šímová, Eva Šmerdová, Teemu Tahvanainen, Marcello Tomaselli, Yuliya Vystavna, Claudia Biţă-Nicolae, Michal Horsák. A European map of groundwater pH and calcium. Earth System Science Data. 2021; 13 (3):1089-1105.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michal Hájek; Borja Jiménez-Alfaro; Ondřej Hájek; Lisa Brancaleoni; Marco Cantonati; Michele Carbognani; Anita Dedić; Daniel Dítě; Renato Gerdol; Petra Hájková; Veronika Horsáková; Florian Jansen; Jasmina Kamberović; Jutta Kapfer; Tiina Hilkka Maria Kolari; Mariusz Lamentowicz; Predrag Lazarević; Ermin Mašić; Jesper Erenskjold Moeslund; Aaron Pérez-Haase; Tomáš Peterka; Alessandro Petraglia; Eulàlia Pladevall-Izard; Zuzana Plesková; Stefano Segadelli; Yuliya Semeniuk; Patrícia Singh; Anna Šímová; Eva Šmerdová; Teemu Tahvanainen; Marcello Tomaselli; Yuliya Vystavna; Claudia Biţă-Nicolae; Michal Horsák. 2021. "A European map of groundwater pH and calcium." Earth System Science Data 13, no. 3: 1089-1105.

Preprint content
Published: 04 March 2021
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Meteorological events characterized by extreme rainfall intensity have recently struck the hilly and mountainous territory of the northern Apennines (Italy) as well as many other geographic areas of the world. These extreme rainfall events trigger fast flows of debris along the slopes, stream channels, landslides, and floods, which damage many man-made structures such as roads, houses, water-pipes, etc. There is thus a strong practical interest in predicting the frequency and intensity of these effects for emergency management and to reduce the vulnerability of the territory.

In 2015 an intense rainfall event hit the Valleys of the Trebbia, Nure, and Aveto watercourses in the emilian-ligurian Apennines. In about 6 h a mesoscale convective system deployed a stunning amount of precipitation of 340 mm, with an extreme hourly rainfall intensity of >100 mm/h. During this event, several types of widespread effects on the ground developed i.e., fast flows of debris along the slopes and stream channels (a total number of 305 occurrences), shallow landslides (342) and overbank flooding occurred. Instrumental as well as geological and historical data clearly suggest that extreme rainfall events are increasing in the northern Apennines, in good agreement with the international literature. Through the optimal combination of rainfall data and radar volumes, in this work we present a detailed rainfall analysis, which will serve as a basis to create a quantitative correlation with debris flows over elementary hydrological units. The meteorological analysis of the storm led us to consider the 3 h accumulation rain field as the most relevant for flood triggering. This time interval is short enough to describe the intensity peak of macro precipitating structures, and at the same time it is long enough to allow the development of the debris and stream-flow processes described. The very good match between the 3 h peak intensity and the distribution of high-discharge and hillslope-debris flow support the hypothesis. The 3 h interval further emphasizes the meteorological event with respect to its overall duration of 6 h.

We aim at providing an objective basis for future predictions, starting from the recognition of the forcing meteorological events, allowed us to clearly identify high-intensity-precipitation thresholds triggering flood in small mountain catchments.

Keywords: floods; catchment; threshold; extreme rainfall events; northern Apennines

ACS Style

Stefano Segadelli; Federico Grazzini. Predicting extreme precipitation effects on the geomorphology of small mountain catchments, northern Apennines (Italy). 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Stefano Segadelli, Federico Grazzini. Predicting extreme precipitation effects on the geomorphology of small mountain catchments, northern Apennines (Italy). . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stefano Segadelli; Federico Grazzini. 2021. "Predicting extreme precipitation effects on the geomorphology of small mountain catchments, northern Apennines (Italy)." , no. : 1.

Preprint content
Published: 04 March 2021
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The lake Moo in the northern Apennines, a 0.15 km2 basin located at an altitude of 1130 m a.s.l., consists of a small marshy area lying within a portion of a flat semi-circular depression surrounded by steep slopes. The site presents a series of geological and geomorphological characteristics which make it an ideal context to observe the results of flood events on the late Holocene sedimentary record of the basin. Our project aims to establish a relationship between recent deposits, instrumental data and modern-age cartography, in order to obtain site-specific parameters to interpret the sedimentary signal produced by floods on our site. The information can be extended back in time to the millennial scale by analysing sediment cores, in order to observe the frequency and magnitude of flood events throughout the Holocene and assess potential relationships with palaeoclimate reconstructions. This contribution discusses the results from five coring campaigns undertaken between 2018 and 2019 for a total thickness of 10.5 m, which allowed the recording of a c. 500 m long transect stretching from the west slope to the open water on the eastern part of the basin. This extended section enhanced our understanding of the deposit on a larger scale, allowing us to relate the new sequences to the ones identified in previous cores, and develop insights into flood-induced sediment gravity flows and their macroscopic physical characteristics (i.e. grain size, sedimentary structures, Munsell colour and types of contact surfaces). The study has led to the observation of possible correlations between various flood events and Holocene periods.

ACS Style

Lionello Morandi; Stefano Segadelli; Marco Cocuccioni. Preliminary sedimentological investigation of a Holocene lake deposit in the northern Apennines (Italy). 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Lionello Morandi, Stefano Segadelli, Marco Cocuccioni. Preliminary sedimentological investigation of a Holocene lake deposit in the northern Apennines (Italy). . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lionello Morandi; Stefano Segadelli; Marco Cocuccioni. 2021. "Preliminary sedimentological investigation of a Holocene lake deposit in the northern Apennines (Italy)." , no. : 1.

Preprint content
Published: 13 November 2020
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ACS Style

Michal Hájek; Borja Jiménez-Alfaro; Ondřej Hájek; Lisa Brancaleoni; Marco Cantonati; Michele Carbognani; Anita Dedić; Daniel Dítě; Renato Gerdol; Petra Hájková; Veronika Horsáková; Florian Jansen; Jasmina Kamberović; Jutta Kapfer; Tiina Kolari; Mariusz Lamentowicz; Predrag Lazarević; Ermin Mašić; Jesper Erenskjold Moeslund; Aaron Pérez-Haase; Tomáš Peterka; Alessandro Petraglia; Eulàlia Pladevall-Izard; Zuzana Plesková; Stefano Segadelli; Yuliya Semeniuk; Patrícia Singh; Anna Šímová; Eva Šmerdová; Teemu Tahvanainen; Marcello Tomaselli; Yuliya Vystavna; Claudia Biţă-Nicolae; Michal Horsák. Supplementary material to "A European map of groundwater pH and calcium". 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Michal Hájek, Borja Jiménez-Alfaro, Ondřej Hájek, Lisa Brancaleoni, Marco Cantonati, Michele Carbognani, Anita Dedić, Daniel Dítě, Renato Gerdol, Petra Hájková, Veronika Horsáková, Florian Jansen, Jasmina Kamberović, Jutta Kapfer, Tiina Kolari, Mariusz Lamentowicz, Predrag Lazarević, Ermin Mašić, Jesper Erenskjold Moeslund, Aaron Pérez-Haase, Tomáš Peterka, Alessandro Petraglia, Eulàlia Pladevall-Izard, Zuzana Plesková, Stefano Segadelli, Yuliya Semeniuk, Patrícia Singh, Anna Šímová, Eva Šmerdová, Teemu Tahvanainen, Marcello Tomaselli, Yuliya Vystavna, Claudia Biţă-Nicolae, Michal Horsák. Supplementary material to "A European map of groundwater pH and calcium". . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michal Hájek; Borja Jiménez-Alfaro; Ondřej Hájek; Lisa Brancaleoni; Marco Cantonati; Michele Carbognani; Anita Dedić; Daniel Dítě; Renato Gerdol; Petra Hájková; Veronika Horsáková; Florian Jansen; Jasmina Kamberović; Jutta Kapfer; Tiina Kolari; Mariusz Lamentowicz; Predrag Lazarević; Ermin Mašić; Jesper Erenskjold Moeslund; Aaron Pérez-Haase; Tomáš Peterka; Alessandro Petraglia; Eulàlia Pladevall-Izard; Zuzana Plesková; Stefano Segadelli; Yuliya Semeniuk; Patrícia Singh; Anna Šímová; Eva Šmerdová; Teemu Tahvanainen; Marcello Tomaselli; Yuliya Vystavna; Claudia Biţă-Nicolae; Michal Horsák. 2020. "Supplementary material to "A European map of groundwater pH and calcium"." , no. : 1.

Preprint content
Published: 13 November 2020
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Water resources and associated ecosystems are becoming highly endangered due to ongoing global environmental changes. Spatial ecological modelling is a widely used tool for understanding the past, present and future distribution and diversity patterns in groundwater-dependent ecosystems, such as fens, springs, streams, reed beds or wet grasslands. Still, the lack of detailed water chemistry maps prevents their reasonable use on continental and global scales. Being major determinants of biological composition and diversity of groundwater-dependent ecosystems, groundwater pH and calcium are of utmost importance. Here we developed the up-to-date European map of groundwater pH and Ca, based on 7,577 measurements of near-surface groundwater pH and calcium distributed across Europe. In comparison to the existing European groundwater maps, we included a several times larger number of sites, especially in the regions rich in spring and fen habitats, and filled the apparent gaps in Eastern and Southeastern Europe. We used Random Forest models and regression kriging to create continuous maps of water pH and calcium at the continental scale, which is freely available also as a raster map (Hájek et al. 2020; https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4139912). Lithology had higher importance than climate for both pH and calcium. The previously recognised latitudinal and altitudinal gradients were rediscovered with much refined regional patterns, as associated with bedrock variation. For ecological models of distribution and diversity of groundwater-dependent, but also other terrestrial, ecosystems, the new map is more suitable than previously used maps of soil pH, unlike which it mirrors bedrock chemistry more than vegetation-dependent soil processes.

ACS Style

Michal Hájek; Borja Jiménez-Alfaro; Ondřej Hájek; Lisa Brancaleoni; Marco Cantonati; Michele Carbognani; Anita Dedić; Daniel Dítě; Renato Gerdol; Petra Hájková; Veronika Horsáková; Florian Jansen; Jasmina Kamberović; Jutta Kapfer; Tiina Kolari; Mariusz Lamentowicz; Predrag Lazarević; Ermin Mašić; Jesper Erenskjold Moeslund; Aaron Pérez-Haase; Tomáš Peterka; Alessandro Petraglia; Eulàlia Pladevall-Izard; Zuzana Plesková; Stefano Segadelli; Yuliya Semeniuk; Patrícia Singh; Anna Šímová; Eva Šmerdová; Teemu Tahvanainen; Marcello Tomaselli; Yuliya Vystavna; Claudia Biţă-Nicolae; Michal Horsák. A European map of groundwater pH and calcium. 2020, 2020, 1 -41.

AMA Style

Michal Hájek, Borja Jiménez-Alfaro, Ondřej Hájek, Lisa Brancaleoni, Marco Cantonati, Michele Carbognani, Anita Dedić, Daniel Dítě, Renato Gerdol, Petra Hájková, Veronika Horsáková, Florian Jansen, Jasmina Kamberović, Jutta Kapfer, Tiina Kolari, Mariusz Lamentowicz, Predrag Lazarević, Ermin Mašić, Jesper Erenskjold Moeslund, Aaron Pérez-Haase, Tomáš Peterka, Alessandro Petraglia, Eulàlia Pladevall-Izard, Zuzana Plesková, Stefano Segadelli, Yuliya Semeniuk, Patrícia Singh, Anna Šímová, Eva Šmerdová, Teemu Tahvanainen, Marcello Tomaselli, Yuliya Vystavna, Claudia Biţă-Nicolae, Michal Horsák. A European map of groundwater pH and calcium. . 2020; 2020 ():1-41.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michal Hájek; Borja Jiménez-Alfaro; Ondřej Hájek; Lisa Brancaleoni; Marco Cantonati; Michele Carbognani; Anita Dedić; Daniel Dítě; Renato Gerdol; Petra Hájková; Veronika Horsáková; Florian Jansen; Jasmina Kamberović; Jutta Kapfer; Tiina Kolari; Mariusz Lamentowicz; Predrag Lazarević; Ermin Mašić; Jesper Erenskjold Moeslund; Aaron Pérez-Haase; Tomáš Peterka; Alessandro Petraglia; Eulàlia Pladevall-Izard; Zuzana Plesková; Stefano Segadelli; Yuliya Semeniuk; Patrícia Singh; Anna Šímová; Eva Šmerdová; Teemu Tahvanainen; Marcello Tomaselli; Yuliya Vystavna; Claudia Biţă-Nicolae; Michal Horsák. 2020. "A European map of groundwater pH and calcium." 2020, no. : 1-41.

Preprint content
Published: 09 March 2020
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The Lake Moo plain has a surface area about 0.15Km2. It is located near the boundary between Emilia-Romagna and Liguria regions, at an altitude of 1130m a.s.l. (northern Apennines, Italy). This site is strategic to the dominant atmospheric currents, very prone to high intensity precipitation events (HIP) and related high-density flood. Indeed, Lake Moo area has been partially covered by a flood deposit released by a record-breaking rainfall intensity in September 2015. The intensity and wide spatial scale of those phenomena has leads us to investigate their frequency in the past, beyond the instrumental time. The lacustrine succession (ca. 13 m-thick) was studied through the extraction of one core and framed within sedimentary facies analysis approach. The paleoenvironmental interpretation of the succession was achieved combining sedimentological, pollen and pedological data and radiocarbon dating. Thirteen different facies types have been identified and the core succession is was subdivided into five informal units. The different coarse-grained layers interbedded with organic-rich silty clays and peaty layers have been interpreted as the extreme flood deposits triggered by high-intensity convective rainfall events in the catchment area that flow into the Lake Moo plain.

These coarse-grained deposits were grouped according to the genetic approach and therefore based on facies tract concept. The goal of this study is how the facies tract approach may represent a novel method that can be used to improve our understanding of flood reconstruction dynamics and may be applied to other similar deposits. We interpret the local lacustrine succession is like to the infill of a structural depression produced by gravitational block sliding that was induced by post-glacial fluvial incision.

Finally, the observed depositional cycles were put in relation with other specific paleoclimatic proxies available in literature for the area.

ACS Style

Stefano Segadelli; Federico Grazzini; Margherita Aguzzi; Alessandro Chelli; Veronica Rossi; Maria Teresa De Nardo; Roberto Francese; Silvia Marvelli; Marco Marchesini; Sandro Nanni. Multidisciplinary analysis at Lake Moo: Changes in high intensity precipitation on the Northern Apennines (Italy) over the last 9000 years. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Stefano Segadelli, Federico Grazzini, Margherita Aguzzi, Alessandro Chelli, Veronica Rossi, Maria Teresa De Nardo, Roberto Francese, Silvia Marvelli, Marco Marchesini, Sandro Nanni. Multidisciplinary analysis at Lake Moo: Changes in high intensity precipitation on the Northern Apennines (Italy) over the last 9000 years. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stefano Segadelli; Federico Grazzini; Margherita Aguzzi; Alessandro Chelli; Veronica Rossi; Maria Teresa De Nardo; Roberto Francese; Silvia Marvelli; Marco Marchesini; Sandro Nanni. 2020. "Multidisciplinary analysis at Lake Moo: Changes in high intensity precipitation on the Northern Apennines (Italy) over the last 9000 years." , no. : 1.

Review
Published: 16 January 2020 in Water
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In this overview (introductory article to a special issue including 14 papers), we consider all main types of natural and artificial inland freshwater habitas (fwh). For each type, we identify the main biodiversity patterns and ecological features, human impacts on the system and environmental issues, and discuss ways to use this information to improve stewardship. Examples of selected key biodiversity/ecological features (habitat type): narrow endemics, sensitive (groundwater and GDEs); crenobionts, LIHRes (springs); unidirectional flow, nutrient spiraling (streams); naturally turbid, floodplains, large-bodied species (large rivers); depth-variation in benthic communities (lakes); endemism and diversity (ancient lakes); threatened, sensitive species (oxbow lakes, SWE); diverse, reduced littoral (reservoirs); cold-adapted species (Boreal and Arctic fwh); endemism, depauperate (Antarctic fwh); flood pulse, intermittent wetlands, biggest river basins (tropical fwh); variable hydrologic regime—periods of drying, flash floods (arid-climate fwh). Selected impacts: eutrophication and other pollution, hydrologic modifications, overexploitation, habitat destruction, invasive species, salinization. Climate change is a threat multiplier, and it is important to quantify resistance, resilience, and recovery to assess the strategic role of the different types of freshwater ecosystems and their value for biodiversity conservation. Effective conservation solutions are dependent on an understanding of connectivity between different freshwater ecosystems (including related terrestrial, coastal and marine systems).

ACS Style

Marco Cantonati; Sandra Poikane; Catherine M. Pringle; Lawrence E. Stevens; Eren Turak; Jani Heino; John S. Richardson; Rossano Bolpagni; Alex Borrini; Núria Cid; Martina Čtvrtlíková; Diana M. P. Galassi; Michal Hájek; Ian Hawes; Zlatko Levkov; Luigi Naselli-Flores; Abdullah A. Saber; Mattia Di Cicco; Barbara Fiasca; Paul B. Hamilton; Jan Kubečka; Stefano Segadelli; Petr Znachor. Characteristics, Main Impacts, and Stewardship of Natural and Artificial Freshwater Environments: Consequences for Biodiversity Conservation. Water 2020, 12, 260 .

AMA Style

Marco Cantonati, Sandra Poikane, Catherine M. Pringle, Lawrence E. Stevens, Eren Turak, Jani Heino, John S. Richardson, Rossano Bolpagni, Alex Borrini, Núria Cid, Martina Čtvrtlíková, Diana M. P. Galassi, Michal Hájek, Ian Hawes, Zlatko Levkov, Luigi Naselli-Flores, Abdullah A. Saber, Mattia Di Cicco, Barbara Fiasca, Paul B. Hamilton, Jan Kubečka, Stefano Segadelli, Petr Znachor. Characteristics, Main Impacts, and Stewardship of Natural and Artificial Freshwater Environments: Consequences for Biodiversity Conservation. Water. 2020; 12 (1):260.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marco Cantonati; Sandra Poikane; Catherine M. Pringle; Lawrence E. Stevens; Eren Turak; Jani Heino; John S. Richardson; Rossano Bolpagni; Alex Borrini; Núria Cid; Martina Čtvrtlíková; Diana M. P. Galassi; Michal Hájek; Ian Hawes; Zlatko Levkov; Luigi Naselli-Flores; Abdullah A. Saber; Mattia Di Cicco; Barbara Fiasca; Paul B. Hamilton; Jan Kubečka; Stefano Segadelli; Petr Znachor. 2020. "Characteristics, Main Impacts, and Stewardship of Natural and Artificial Freshwater Environments: Consequences for Biodiversity Conservation." Water 12, no. 1: 260.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2020 in Ecological Indicators
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This essay discusses the need for, advantages and challenges of integrating the scientific disciplines of ecology and hydrogeology in the study of groundwater-dependent ecosystems (GDEs). We provide a definition for ecohydrogeology as “a unifying, synthetic field of study integrating the approaches from the ecological and hydrogeological sciences in the study of groundwater (GW)-related ecosystems, habitats, and organisms to advance science, stewardship, and policy”. We selected specific case studies to illustrate first how hydrogeological approaches can favour in-depth understanding and modelling of springs and crenobiontic (spring-dependent) species distribution, assemblage composition and organization. Second, this essay also examines how taxa and assemblages serve as bioassays and ecosystem indicators to infer hydrogeological aspects of GW flow and discharge, as well as quantitative and qualitative human impacts. We consider both types of features and parameters as ecohydrogeological indicators. The examples presented include topics related to springs and other GDE geomorphological types and classification, GW quality influences on crenobiont distribution, phreatophyte (= plant species the roots of which reach to and into the water table) ecophysiology in relation to water table depth, and flow variability in karstic systems, to nutrient dynamics in relation to dinoflagellate blooms in GDE montane lakes. Conceptual approaches that integrate ecology with hydrogeology include the investigation of GDE distribution and ecology, groundwater-surface water (GW-SW) interactions, and the development of the discipline of ecohydrology. Despite widespread applications, the scientific community still lacks a complete or effective integration of the principles described in the fields of groundwater hydrogeology with ecology, ecophysiology, and environmental biology. Springs are aquatic-wetland-riparian habitats that link shallow subsurface-surface processes and assemblages, often functioning as biodiversity hotspots, ecotones, keystone, and refugial ecosystems, for which coordination between studies of hydrogeology and ecology are both obvious and essential. Over the past century, springs ecosystem ecology has been largely ignored by hydrologists, and, conversely, hydrogeology has been under-emphasized by ecologists. Recent global recognition of the extraordinary biodiversity and socio-cultural significance of springs, coupled with their globally highly threatened conservation status, stimulated this inquiry into how to better integrate hydrogeology with springs ecosystem ecology. Acknowledging the highly threatened status of springs ecosystems around the world, there is an urgent need to integrate and invigorate the union of these disciplines into ecohydrogeology, the study of groundwater-dependent organisms, habitats, ecosystems, and management policy.

ACS Style

Marco Cantonati; Lawrence Stevens; Stefano Segadelli; Abraham Springer; Nico Goldscheider; Fulvio Celico; Maria Filippini; Kei Ogata; Alessandro Gargini. Ecohydrogeology: The interdisciplinary convergence needed to improve the study and stewardship of springs and other groundwater-dependent habitats, biota, and ecosystems. Ecological Indicators 2020, 110, 1 .

AMA Style

Marco Cantonati, Lawrence Stevens, Stefano Segadelli, Abraham Springer, Nico Goldscheider, Fulvio Celico, Maria Filippini, Kei Ogata, Alessandro Gargini. Ecohydrogeology: The interdisciplinary convergence needed to improve the study and stewardship of springs and other groundwater-dependent habitats, biota, and ecosystems. Ecological Indicators. 2020; 110 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marco Cantonati; Lawrence Stevens; Stefano Segadelli; Abraham Springer; Nico Goldscheider; Fulvio Celico; Maria Filippini; Kei Ogata; Alessandro Gargini. 2020. "Ecohydrogeology: The interdisciplinary convergence needed to improve the study and stewardship of springs and other groundwater-dependent habitats, biota, and ecosystems." Ecological Indicators 110, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 24 December 2019 in Water
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In 2015 an intense rainfall event hit the Valleys of the Trebbia, Nure, and Aveto watercourses in the Northern Apennines. In about 6 h a mesoscale convective system deployed a stunning amount of precipitation of 340 mm, with an extreme hourly rainfall intensity of >100 mm/h. It triggered debris flows along slopes and stream channels, landslides and floods, which caused serious damages. Through the optimal combination of rainfall data and radar volumes, in this work we present a detailed rainfall analysis, which will serve as a basis to create a quantitative correlation with debris flows over elementary hydrological units. We aim at providing an objective basis for future predictions, starting from the recognition of the forcing meteorological events, and then arriving at the prediction of triggering phenomena and to the debris-flow type. We further provide seven observations/case studies on the effects of extreme-precipitation events on freshwater environments in small mountain catchments. Extreme-precipitation events are becoming more frequent and widespread globally but their ecological effects are still insufficiently understood. In general, the effects of extreme events on inland-waters’ ecosystems are highly context-dependent, ranging from deleterious to beneficial. We therefore highlight the necessity of further studies to characterize these effects in more depth to be able to include appropriate mitigation measures in environmental planning and stewardship.

ACS Style

Stefano Segadelli; Federico Grazzini; Michele Adorni; Maria Teresa De Nardo; Anna Fornasiero; Alessandro Chelli; Marco Cantonati. Predicting Extreme-Precipitation Effects on the Geomorphology of Small Mountain Catchments: Towards an Improved Understanding of the Consequences for Freshwater Biodiversity and Ecosystems. Water 2019, 12, 79 .

AMA Style

Stefano Segadelli, Federico Grazzini, Michele Adorni, Maria Teresa De Nardo, Anna Fornasiero, Alessandro Chelli, Marco Cantonati. Predicting Extreme-Precipitation Effects on the Geomorphology of Small Mountain Catchments: Towards an Improved Understanding of the Consequences for Freshwater Biodiversity and Ecosystems. Water. 2019; 12 (1):79.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stefano Segadelli; Federico Grazzini; Michele Adorni; Maria Teresa De Nardo; Anna Fornasiero; Alessandro Chelli; Marco Cantonati. 2019. "Predicting Extreme-Precipitation Effects on the Geomorphology of Small Mountain Catchments: Towards an Improved Understanding of the Consequences for Freshwater Biodiversity and Ecosystems." Water 12, no. 1: 79.

Foreseeing groundwater resources
Published: 30 October 2018 in Rendiconti Lincei. Scienze Fisiche e Naturali
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In the Parma Functional Urban Area, hydro-geo-ecology was investigated through an interdisciplinary approach, with emphasis on the shallow aquifer system. The study pointed out that domestic wells and fontanili are both fed by shallow groundwater affected by PCE and nitrate contamination, upgradient of the rural area located north of Parma City. Moreover, Folsomia candida tests suggested the possibility that other types of contaminants (not analysed in this study) can affect the shallow groundwater. Nowadays, PCE concentrations in the city centre are slightly higher than the limit set by law. Moreover, PCE aerobic biodegradation can be due to the local microbial community and then an effective natural attenuation can be expected along the groundwater flow pathway. These results suggest a very low risk for human health, linked to the groundwater consumption in the rural area north of Parma City. Conversely, no forecasts can be made at present about the possible impact of low PCE concentrations on the aquatic ecosystem observed at the fontanili. Concerning nitrate contamination, the higher concentrations detected in some wells and fontanili suggest a high risk for both human health and aquatic ecosystems. In a wider context, thanks to the interdisciplinary approach that combines successfully well-established investigation methods, the present study allows a better knowledge of the hydro-geo-ecological behaviour of groundwater-dependent ecosystems. At the same time, through purpose-designed experimental investigations and simulation models, this approach could be used as a sort of guideline useful in studying such complex environmental systems.

ACS Style

Andrea Zanini; Emma Petrella; Anna Maria Sanangelantoni; Letizia Angelo; Beatrice Ventosi; Luca Viani; Pietro Rizzo; Sara Remelli; Marco Bartoli; Rossano Bolpagni; Alessandro Chelli; Alessandra Feo; Roberto Francese; Paola Iacumin; Cristina Menta; Erica Racchetti; Enrico Maria Selmo; Maria Giovanna Tanda; Marco Ghirardi; Pietro Boggio; Francesco Pappalardo; Maria Teresa De Nardo; Stefano Segadelli; Fulvio Celico. Groundwater characterization from an ecological and human perspective: an interdisciplinary approach in the Functional Urban Area of Parma, Italy. Rendiconti Lincei. Scienze Fisiche e Naturali 2018, 30, 93 -108.

AMA Style

Andrea Zanini, Emma Petrella, Anna Maria Sanangelantoni, Letizia Angelo, Beatrice Ventosi, Luca Viani, Pietro Rizzo, Sara Remelli, Marco Bartoli, Rossano Bolpagni, Alessandro Chelli, Alessandra Feo, Roberto Francese, Paola Iacumin, Cristina Menta, Erica Racchetti, Enrico Maria Selmo, Maria Giovanna Tanda, Marco Ghirardi, Pietro Boggio, Francesco Pappalardo, Maria Teresa De Nardo, Stefano Segadelli, Fulvio Celico. Groundwater characterization from an ecological and human perspective: an interdisciplinary approach in the Functional Urban Area of Parma, Italy. Rendiconti Lincei. Scienze Fisiche e Naturali. 2018; 30 (1):93-108.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andrea Zanini; Emma Petrella; Anna Maria Sanangelantoni; Letizia Angelo; Beatrice Ventosi; Luca Viani; Pietro Rizzo; Sara Remelli; Marco Bartoli; Rossano Bolpagni; Alessandro Chelli; Alessandra Feo; Roberto Francese; Paola Iacumin; Cristina Menta; Erica Racchetti; Enrico Maria Selmo; Maria Giovanna Tanda; Marco Ghirardi; Pietro Boggio; Francesco Pappalardo; Maria Teresa De Nardo; Stefano Segadelli; Fulvio Celico. 2018. "Groundwater characterization from an ecological and human perspective: an interdisciplinary approach in the Functional Urban Area of Parma, Italy." Rendiconti Lincei. Scienze Fisiche e Naturali 30, no. 1: 93-108.

Journal article
Published: 21 September 2017 in Journal of Maps
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ACS Style

Stefano Segadelli; Paolo Vescovi; Alessandro Chelli; Emma Petrella; Maria Teresa De Nardo; Alessandro Gargini; Fulvio Celico. Hydrogeological mapping of heterogeneous and multi-layered ophiolitic aquifers (Mountain Prinzera, northern Apennines, Italy). Journal of Maps 2017, 13, 737 -746.

AMA Style

Stefano Segadelli, Paolo Vescovi, Alessandro Chelli, Emma Petrella, Maria Teresa De Nardo, Alessandro Gargini, Fulvio Celico. Hydrogeological mapping of heterogeneous and multi-layered ophiolitic aquifers (Mountain Prinzera, northern Apennines, Italy). Journal of Maps. 2017; 13 (2):737-746.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stefano Segadelli; Paolo Vescovi; Alessandro Chelli; Emma Petrella; Maria Teresa De Nardo; Alessandro Gargini; Fulvio Celico. 2017. "Hydrogeological mapping of heterogeneous and multi-layered ophiolitic aquifers (Mountain Prinzera, northern Apennines, Italy)." Journal of Maps 13, no. 2: 737-746.

Research article
Published: 25 November 2016 in Hydrological Processes
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The main aim of this study is the experimental analysis of the hydrogeological behaviour of the Mt. Prinzera ultramafic massif in the northern Apennines, Italy. The analysed multidisciplinary database has been acquired through (a) geologic and structural survey; (b) geomorphologic survey; (c) hydrogeological monitoring; (d) physico‐chemical analyses; and (e) isotopic analyses. The ultramafic medium is made of several lithological units, tectonically overlapped. Between them, a low‐permeability, discontinuous unit has been identified. This unit behaves as an aquitard and causes a perched groundwater to temporary flow within the upper medium, close to the surface. This perched groundwater flows out along several structurally controlled depressions, and then several high‐altitude temporary springs can be observed during recharge, together with several perennial basal (i.e., low altitude) springs, caused by the compartmentalisation of the system because of high‐angle tectonic discontinuities.

ACS Style

Stefano Segadelli; Paolo Vescovi; Kei Ogata; Alessandro Chelli; Andrea Zanini; Tiziano Boschetti; Emma Petrella; Lorenzo Toscani; Alessandro Gargini; Fulvio Celico. A conceptual hydrogeological model of ophiolitic aquifers (serpentinised peridotite): The test example of Mt. Prinzera (Northern Italy). Hydrological Processes 2016, 31, 1058 -1073.

AMA Style

Stefano Segadelli, Paolo Vescovi, Kei Ogata, Alessandro Chelli, Andrea Zanini, Tiziano Boschetti, Emma Petrella, Lorenzo Toscani, Alessandro Gargini, Fulvio Celico. A conceptual hydrogeological model of ophiolitic aquifers (serpentinised peridotite): The test example of Mt. Prinzera (Northern Italy). Hydrological Processes. 2016; 31 (5):1058-1073.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stefano Segadelli; Paolo Vescovi; Kei Ogata; Alessandro Chelli; Andrea Zanini; Tiziano Boschetti; Emma Petrella; Lorenzo Toscani; Alessandro Gargini; Fulvio Celico. 2016. "A conceptual hydrogeological model of ophiolitic aquifers (serpentinised peridotite): The test example of Mt. Prinzera (Northern Italy)." Hydrological Processes 31, no. 5: 1058-1073.

Review
Published: 01 October 2016 in Science of The Total Environment
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Springs are biodiversity hotspots and unique habitats that are threatened, especially by water overdraft. Here we review knowledge on ambient-temperature (non-geothermal) freshwater springs that achieve sufficient oversaturation for CaCO3 -by physical CO2 degassing and activity of photoautotrophs- to deposit limestone, locally resulting in scenic carbonate structures: Limestone-Precipitating Springs (LPS). The most characteristic organisms in these springs are those that contribute to carbonate precipitation, e.g.: the mosses Palustriella and Eucladium, the crenophilous desmid Oocardium stratum, and cyanobacteria (e.g., Rivularia). These organisms appear to be sensitive to phosphorus pollution. Invertebrate diversity is modest, and highest in pools with an aquatic-terrestrial interface. Internationally, comprehensive legislation for spring protection is still relatively scarce. Where available, it covers all spring types. The situation in Europe is peculiar: the only widespread spring type included in the EU Habitat Directive is LPS, mainly because of landscape aesthetics. To support LPS inventorying and management to meet conservation-legislation requirements we developed a general conceptual model to predict where LPS are more likely to occur. The model is based on the pre-requisites for LPS: an aquifer lithology that enables build-up of high bicarbonate and Ca(2+) to sustain CaCO3 oversaturation after spring emergence, combined with intense groundwater percolation especially along structural discontinuities (e.g., fault zones, joints, schistosity), and a proper hydrogeological structure of the discharging area. We validated this model by means of the LPS information system for the Emilia-Romagna Region (northern Italy). The main threats to LPS are water diversion, nutrient enrichment, and lack of awareness by non-specialized persons and administrators. We discuss an emblematic case study to provide management suggestions. The present review is devoted to LPS but the output of intense ecological research in Central Europe during the past decades has clearly shown that effective conservation legislation should be urgently extended to comprise all types of spring habitats.

ACS Style

Marco Cantonati; Stefano Segadelli; Kei Ogata; Ha Tran; Diethard Sanders; Reinhard Gerecke; Eugen Rott; Maria Filippini; Alessandro Gargini; Fulvio Celico. A global review on ambient Limestone-Precipitating Springs (LPS): Hydrogeological setting, ecology, and conservation. Science of The Total Environment 2016, 568, 624 -637.

AMA Style

Marco Cantonati, Stefano Segadelli, Kei Ogata, Ha Tran, Diethard Sanders, Reinhard Gerecke, Eugen Rott, Maria Filippini, Alessandro Gargini, Fulvio Celico. A global review on ambient Limestone-Precipitating Springs (LPS): Hydrogeological setting, ecology, and conservation. Science of The Total Environment. 2016; 568 ():624-637.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marco Cantonati; Stefano Segadelli; Kei Ogata; Ha Tran; Diethard Sanders; Reinhard Gerecke; Eugen Rott; Maria Filippini; Alessandro Gargini; Fulvio Celico. 2016. "A global review on ambient Limestone-Precipitating Springs (LPS): Hydrogeological setting, ecology, and conservation." Science of The Total Environment 568, no. : 624-637.

Note
Published: 27 January 2016 in Journal of Freshwater Ecology
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Sampling in springs has several technical problems due to their reduced dimensions and habitat heterogeneity. A standardized quantitative method for sampling crenic macroinvertebrates has never been proposed. The aim of this study was to compare different sampling methods and consider their environmental impacts. First, we present a review of sampling methods found in the literature and discuss their advantages and disadvantages with respect to selective collection of the target community and habitat disturbance. Altogether, 10 different methods have been reported, the use of nets being the most common protocol. Second, we report the results of macroinvertebrate samplings performed in three springs, each surveyed twice, using three different methods (multi-habitat proportional hand net, baited traps, and vegetation washing), in order to compare their effectiveness in collecting macroinvertebrates. Overall, 32 macroinvertebrate taxa, mostly identified at family level, were collected in the sampled springs. Significant differences in abundances were found using different methods, while results for community structure were comparable between the hand net sampling and the combined use of the other two methods, notwithstanding slight differences in the composition of Coleoptera and Diptera assemblages. The hand net, with a multi-habitat proportional approach, yielded more thorough results, making it suitable for biodiversity inventories but having some potentially negative effects on spring habitats. Traps and vegetation washing are also reliable methods with negligible impacts on spring ecosystems that can be conveniently used in ecological studies.

ACS Style

Melissa Rosati; Marco Cantonati; Stefano Fenoglio; Stefano Segadelli; Giulia Levati; Giampaolo Rossetti. Is there an ideal protocol for sampling macroinvertebrates in springs? Journal of Freshwater Ecology 2016, 31, 199 -209.

AMA Style

Melissa Rosati, Marco Cantonati, Stefano Fenoglio, Stefano Segadelli, Giulia Levati, Giampaolo Rossetti. Is there an ideal protocol for sampling macroinvertebrates in springs? Journal of Freshwater Ecology. 2016; 31 (2):199-209.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Melissa Rosati; Marco Cantonati; Stefano Fenoglio; Stefano Segadelli; Giulia Levati; Giampaolo Rossetti. 2016. "Is there an ideal protocol for sampling macroinvertebrates in springs?" Journal of Freshwater Ecology 31, no. 2: 199-209.

Science
Published: 05 August 2015 in Journal of Maps
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This paper presents a geomorphologic map of the Mt. Prinzera ultramafic rock complex (Parma Province, Emilia-Romagna Region, Italy) mapped at large scale (1:2500). The map is the first contribution to the detailed geomorphologic knowledge of the area within the framework of a multidisciplinary approach used to analyse Mt. Prinzera as a hard rock aquifer case study. The geomorphologic mapping was carried out by field survey and aerial photograph analysis. All the surface processes and landforms were considered, with particular attention to structural geomorphologic features. The mapping of linear morphologic features was considered useful for revealing the presence of sets of joints otherwise difficult to detect due to surface weathering. Sets of rock discontinuities are important for water seepage and percolation and their identification is crucial for developing the hydrogeological conceptual model of the aquifer.

ACS Style

Alessandro Chelli; Stefano Segadelli; Paolo Vescovi; Claudio Tellini. Large-scale geomorphological mapping as a tool to detect structural features: the case of Mt. Prinzera ophiolite rock mass (Northern Apennines, Italy). Journal of Maps 2015, 12, 770 -776.

AMA Style

Alessandro Chelli, Stefano Segadelli, Paolo Vescovi, Claudio Tellini. Large-scale geomorphological mapping as a tool to detect structural features: the case of Mt. Prinzera ophiolite rock mass (Northern Apennines, Italy). Journal of Maps. 2015; 12 (5):770-776.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alessandro Chelli; Stefano Segadelli; Paolo Vescovi; Claudio Tellini. 2015. "Large-scale geomorphological mapping as a tool to detect structural features: the case of Mt. Prinzera ophiolite rock mass (Northern Apennines, Italy)." Journal of Maps 12, no. 5: 770-776.