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Prof. Zhou Li graduated from Sichuan Agricultural University and Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey and majors in Plant Biology. The research field is mainly involved in physiological, metabolic, and molecular changes in plants responding to abiotic stresses such as drought, high temperature, and salt stress. As a first author and corresponding author, more than forty peer-reviewed research papers have been published in international journals including Plant & Cell Physiology, Journal of Proteome Research, Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, Environmental and Experimental Botany, International Journals of Molecular Science, BMC Plant Biology, Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, and Crop Science, etc. As a peer reviewer, more than twenty papers from Environmental and Experimental Botany, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Industrial Crops & Products, and Frontiers in Plant Science, etc. were reviewed by Prof. Zhou Li annually.
Drought is a serious outcome of climate change reducing the productivity of forage species under arid and semi-arid conditions worldwide. Diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DA-6), a novel plant growth regulator, has proven to be involved in the amelioration of critical physiological functions in many agricultural crops under various abiotic stresses, but the role of the DA-6 in improving seed germination has never been investigated under drought stress. The present study was carried out to elucidate the impact of the DA-6 priming on seeds germination of white clover under drought stress. Results showed that seed priming with the DA-6 significantly mitigated the drought-induced reduction in germination percentage, germination vigor, germination index, seed vigor index, root length, shoot length, and fresh weight after 7 days of seed germination. The DA-6 significantly increased the endogenous indole-3-acetic acid, gibberellin, and cytokinin content with marked reduction in abscisic acid content in seedlings under drought stress. In addition, the DA-6 significantly accelerated starch catabolism by enhancing the activities of hydrolases contributing toward enhanced soluble sugars, proline content and ameliorated the antioxidant defense system to enhance the ability of reactive oxygen species scavenging under drought stress. Furthermore, exogenous DA-6 application significantly increased dehydrins accumulation and upregulated transcript levels of genes encoding dehydrins (SK2, Y2SK, or DHNb) during seeds germination under water deficient condition. These findings suggested that the DA-6 mediated seeds germination and drought tolerance associated with changes in endogenous phytohormones resulting in increased starch degradation, osmotic adjustment, antioxidants activity, and dehydrins accumulation during seed germination under water deficient condition.
Muhammad Jawad Hassan; Wan Geng; Weihang Zeng; Muhammad Ali Raza; Imran Khan; Muhammad Zafar Iqbal; Yan Peng; Yongqun Zhu; Zhou Li. Diethyl Aminoethyl Hexanoate Priming Ameliorates Seed Germination via Involvement in Hormonal Changes, Osmotic Adjustment, and Dehydrins Accumulation in White Clover Under Drought Stress. Frontiers in Plant Science 2021, 12, 1 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Jawad Hassan, Wan Geng, Weihang Zeng, Muhammad Ali Raza, Imran Khan, Muhammad Zafar Iqbal, Yan Peng, Yongqun Zhu, Zhou Li. Diethyl Aminoethyl Hexanoate Priming Ameliorates Seed Germination via Involvement in Hormonal Changes, Osmotic Adjustment, and Dehydrins Accumulation in White Clover Under Drought Stress. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2021; 12 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Jawad Hassan; Wan Geng; Weihang Zeng; Muhammad Ali Raza; Imran Khan; Muhammad Zafar Iqbal; Yan Peng; Yongqun Zhu; Zhou Li. 2021. "Diethyl Aminoethyl Hexanoate Priming Ameliorates Seed Germination via Involvement in Hormonal Changes, Osmotic Adjustment, and Dehydrins Accumulation in White Clover Under Drought Stress." Frontiers in Plant Science 12, no. : 1.
Persistent high temperature decreases the yield and quality of crops, including many important herbs. White clover (Trifolium repens) is a perennial herb with high feeding and medicinal value, but is sensitive to temperatures above 30 °C. The present study was conducted to elucidate the impact of changes in endogenous γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) level by exogenous GABA pretreatment on heat tolerance of white clover, associated with alterations in endogenous hormones, antioxidant metabolism, and aquaporin-related gene expression in root and leaf of white clover plants under high-temperature stress. Our results reveal that improvement in endogenous GABA level in leaf and root by GABA pretreatment could significantly alleviate the damage to white clover during high-temperature stress, as demonstrated by enhancements in cell membrane stability, photosynthetic capacity, and osmotic adjustment ability, as well as lower oxidative damage and chlorophyll loss. The GABA significantly enhanced gene expression and enzyme activities involved in antioxidant defense, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and key enzymes of the ascorbic acid–glutathione cycle, thus reducing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and the oxidative injury to membrane lipids and proteins. The GABA also increased endogenous indole-3-acetic acid content in roots and leaves and cytokinin content in leaves, associated with growth maintenance and reduced leaf senescence under heat stress. The GABA significantly upregulated the expression of PIP1-1 and PIP2-7 in leaves and the TIP2-1 expression in leaves and roots under high temperature, and also alleviated the heat-induced inhibition of PIP1-1, PIP2-2, TIP2-2, and NIP1-2 expression in roots, which could help to improve the water transportation and homeostasis from roots to leaves. In addition, the GABA-induced aquaporins expression and decline in endogenous abscisic acid level could improve the heat dissipation capacity through maintaining higher stomatal opening and transpiration in white clovers under high-temperature stress.
Hongyin Qi; Dingfan Kang; Weihang Zeng; Muhammad Jawad Hassan; Yan Peng; Xinquan Zhang; Yan Zhang; Guangyan Feng; Zhou Li. Alterations of Endogenous Hormones, Antioxidant Metabolism, and Aquaporin Gene Expression in Relation to γ-Aminobutyric Acid-Regulated Thermotolerance in White Clover. Antioxidants 2021, 10, 1099 .
AMA StyleHongyin Qi, Dingfan Kang, Weihang Zeng, Muhammad Jawad Hassan, Yan Peng, Xinquan Zhang, Yan Zhang, Guangyan Feng, Zhou Li. Alterations of Endogenous Hormones, Antioxidant Metabolism, and Aquaporin Gene Expression in Relation to γ-Aminobutyric Acid-Regulated Thermotolerance in White Clover. Antioxidants. 2021; 10 (7):1099.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHongyin Qi; Dingfan Kang; Weihang Zeng; Muhammad Jawad Hassan; Yan Peng; Xinquan Zhang; Yan Zhang; Guangyan Feng; Zhou Li. 2021. "Alterations of Endogenous Hormones, Antioxidant Metabolism, and Aquaporin Gene Expression in Relation to γ-Aminobutyric Acid-Regulated Thermotolerance in White Clover." Antioxidants 10, no. 7: 1099.
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a non-protein amino acid involved in regulating various environmental adaption in plants. Twenty-six-day-old creeping bentgrass plants were treated with or without GABA (0.5 mM) and then exposed to heat stress (35/30 °C, day/night) for 25 days. Results showed that exogenous GABA application significantly increased endogenous GABA accumulation and alleviated heat-caused growth inhibition and water loss during heat stress. GABA-treated creeping bentgrass maintained significantly lower carbonyl content, malondialdehyde content, and electrolyte leakage, but exhibited higher total antioxidant capacity and antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, POD, APX, and DR) than untreated plants under heat stress. Heat stress significantly decreased chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, net photosynthesis, and water use efficiency. However, GABA application effectively alleviated these heat-induced negative effects in creeping bentgrass. In addition, exogenous GABA further increased the expression of heat-induced HSPs (HSP12, HSP17.8, HSP26.7, HSP70, HSP82, HSP90.1-A1, HSP90.1-B1, and HSP90-5) and HSFs (HSFA-2c, HSFA-2d, HSFA-6a, HSFB-2b, and HSFC-2b) and also further increased the abundance of HSP70, HSP90-1, and HSP101 in leaves of creeping bentgrass under heat stress. These results indicated that GABA alleviated heat-induced oxidative damage and chlorophyll loss through enhancing antioxidant capacity. GABA-treated creeping bentgrass maintained higher photosynthesis in leaves contributing to higher accumulation of water soluble carbohydrates for osmotic balance and energy supply under heat stress. GABA-regulated thermotolerance could be involved in upregulating HSF pathways in creeping bentgrass.
Weihang Zeng; Muhammad Jawad Hassan; Dingfan Kang; Yan Peng; Zhou Li. Photosynthetic maintenance and heat shock protein accumulation relating to γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-regulated heat tolerance in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera). South African Journal of Botany 2021, 141, 405 -413.
AMA StyleWeihang Zeng, Muhammad Jawad Hassan, Dingfan Kang, Yan Peng, Zhou Li. Photosynthetic maintenance and heat shock protein accumulation relating to γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-regulated heat tolerance in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera). South African Journal of Botany. 2021; 141 ():405-413.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWeihang Zeng; Muhammad Jawad Hassan; Dingfan Kang; Yan Peng; Zhou Li. 2021. "Photosynthetic maintenance and heat shock protein accumulation relating to γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-regulated heat tolerance in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera)." South African Journal of Botany 141, no. : 405-413.
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) acts as an important regulator involved in the mediation of cell signal transduction and stress tolerance in plants. However, the function of GABA in transcriptional regulation is not fully understood in plants under water stress. The creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) was pretreated with or without GABA (0.5 mM) for 24 hours before being exposed to 5 days of water stress. Physiological analysis showed that GABA-treated plants maintained significantly higher endogenous GABA content, leaf relative water content, net photosynthetic rate, and lower osmotic potential than untreated plants under water stress. The GABA application also significantly alleviated stress-induced increases in superoxide anion (O2 .-) content, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, and electrolyte leakage through enhancing total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and peroxidase (POD) activity in response to water stress. The transcriptomic analysis demonstrated that the GABA-induced changes in differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in carbohydrates, amino acids, and secondary metabolism helped to maintain better osmotic adjustment, energy supply, and metabolic homeostasis when creeping bentgrass suffers from water stress. The GABA triggered Ca2+-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) signaling and improved transcript levels of DREB1/2 and WRKY1/24/41 that could be associated with the upregulation of stress-related functional genes such as POD, DHNs, and HSP70 largely contributing to improved tolerance to water stress in relation to the antioxidant, prevention of cell dehydration, and protein protection in leaves.
Zhou Li; Mingyan Tang; Bizhen Cheng; Liebao Han. Transcriptional regulation and stress-defensive key genes induced by γ-aminobutyric acid in association with tolerance to water stress in creeping bentgrass. Plant Signaling & Behavior 2021, 16, 1858247 .
AMA StyleZhou Li, Mingyan Tang, Bizhen Cheng, Liebao Han. Transcriptional regulation and stress-defensive key genes induced by γ-aminobutyric acid in association with tolerance to water stress in creeping bentgrass. Plant Signaling & Behavior. 2021; 16 (3):1858247.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhou Li; Mingyan Tang; Bizhen Cheng; Liebao Han. 2021. "Transcriptional regulation and stress-defensive key genes induced by γ-aminobutyric acid in association with tolerance to water stress in creeping bentgrass." Plant Signaling & Behavior 16, no. 3: 1858247.
Heavy metal stress is a leading environmental issue reducing crop growth and productivity, particularly in arid and semi-arid agro-ecological zones. Cadmium (Cd), a non-redox heavy metal, can indirectly increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), inducing cell death. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different concentrations of Cd (0, 5, 25, 50, 100 µM) on physiological and biochemical parameters in two sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) cultivars: JS-2002 and Chakwal Sorghum. The results showed that various concentrations of Cd significantly increased the Cd uptake in both cultivars; however, the uptake was higher in JS-2002 compared to Chakwal Sorghum in leaf, stem and root. Regardless of the cultivars, there was a higher accumulation of the Cd in roots than in shoots. The Cd stress significantly reduced the growth and increased the electrolyte leakage (EL), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in both cultivars, but the Chakwal Sorghum showed more pronounced oxidative damage than the JS-2002, as reflected by higher H2O2, MDA and EL. Moreover, Cd stress, particularly 50 µM and 100 µM, decreased the activity of different antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT). However, the JS-2002 exhibited higher SOD, POD and CAT activities than the Chakwal Sorghum under different Cd-levels. These findings revealed that JS-2002 had a stronger Cd enrichment capacity and also exhibited a better tolerance to Cd stress due to its efficient antioxidant defense system than Chakwal Sorghum. The present study provides the available information about Cd enrichment and tolerance in S. bicolor, which is used as an important agricultural crop for livestock feed in arid and semi-arid regions.
Muhammad Jawad Hassan; Muhammad Ali Raza; Sana Ur Rehman; Muhammad Ansar; Harun Gitari; Imran Khan; Muhammad Wajid; Mukhtar Ahmed; Ghulam Abbas Shah; Yan Peng; Zhou Li. Effect of Cadmium Toxicity on Growth, Oxidative Damage, Antioxidant Defense System and Cadmium Accumulation in Two Sorghum Cultivars. Plants 2020, 9, 1575 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Jawad Hassan, Muhammad Ali Raza, Sana Ur Rehman, Muhammad Ansar, Harun Gitari, Imran Khan, Muhammad Wajid, Mukhtar Ahmed, Ghulam Abbas Shah, Yan Peng, Zhou Li. Effect of Cadmium Toxicity on Growth, Oxidative Damage, Antioxidant Defense System and Cadmium Accumulation in Two Sorghum Cultivars. Plants. 2020; 9 (11):1575.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Jawad Hassan; Muhammad Ali Raza; Sana Ur Rehman; Muhammad Ansar; Harun Gitari; Imran Khan; Muhammad Wajid; Mukhtar Ahmed; Ghulam Abbas Shah; Yan Peng; Zhou Li. 2020. "Effect of Cadmium Toxicity on Growth, Oxidative Damage, Antioxidant Defense System and Cadmium Accumulation in Two Sorghum Cultivars." Plants 9, no. 11: 1575.
Background Chitosan (CTS), a natural polysaccharide, exhibits multiple functions of stress adaptation regulation in plants. However, effects and mechanism of CTS on alleviating salt stress damage are still not fully understood. Objectives of this study were to investigate the function of CTS on improving salt tolerance associated with metabolic balance, polyamine (PAs) accumulation, and Na+ transport in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera). Results CTS pretreatment significantly alleviated declines in relative water content, photosynthesis, photochemical efficiency, and water use efficiency in leaves under salt stress. Exogenous CTS increased endogenous PAs accumulation, antioxidant enzyme (SOD, POD, and CAT) activities, and sucrose accumulation and metabolism through the activation of sucrose synthase and pyruvate kinase activities, and inhibition of invertase activity. The CTS also improved total amino acids, glutamic acid, and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) accumulation. In addition, CTS-pretreated plants exhibited significantly higher Na+ content in roots and lower Na+ accumulation in leaves then untreated plants in response to salt stress. However, CTS had no significant effects on K+/Na+ ratio. Importantly, CTS enhanced salt overly sensitive (SOS) pathways and also up-regulated the expression of AsHKT1 and genes (AsNHX4, AsNHX5, and AsNHX6) encoding Na+/H+ exchangers under salt stress. Conclusions The application of CTS increased antioxidant enzyme activities, thereby reducing oxidative damage to roots and leaves. CTS-induced increases in sucrose and GABA accumulation and metabolism played important roles in osmotic adjustment and energy metabolism during salt stress. The CTS also enhanced SOS pathway associated with Na+ excretion from cytosol into rhizosphere, increased AsHKT1 expression inhibiting Na+ transport to the photosynthetic tissues, and also up-regulated the expression of AsNHX4, AsNHX5, and AsNHX6 promoting the capacity of Na+ compartmentalization in roots and leaves under salt stress. In addition, CTS-induced PAs accumulation could be an important regulatory mechanism contributing to enhanced salt tolerance. These findings reveal new functions of CTS on regulating Na+ transport, enhancing sugars and amino acids metabolism for osmotic adjustment and energy supply, and increasing PAs accumulation when creeping bentgrass responds to salt stress.
Wan Geng; Zhou Li; Muhammad Jawad Hassan; Yan Peng. Chitosan regulates metabolic balance, polyamine accumulation, and Na+ transport contributing to salt tolerance in creeping bentgrass. BMC Plant Biology 2020, 20, 1 -15.
AMA StyleWan Geng, Zhou Li, Muhammad Jawad Hassan, Yan Peng. Chitosan regulates metabolic balance, polyamine accumulation, and Na+ transport contributing to salt tolerance in creeping bentgrass. BMC Plant Biology. 2020; 20 (1):1-15.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWan Geng; Zhou Li; Muhammad Jawad Hassan; Yan Peng. 2020. "Chitosan regulates metabolic balance, polyamine accumulation, and Na+ transport contributing to salt tolerance in creeping bentgrass." BMC Plant Biology 20, no. 1: 1-15.
The frequency and severity of global abiotic stresses such as heat, drought, and salt stress are increasing due to climate changes. Objectives of this study were to investigate effects of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) priming on inducing plants’ acclimation to abiotic stress associated with alterations of endogenous polyamines (PAs), amino acids, and sugars in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera). The pretreatment with GABA fertigation significantly alleviated heat-, drought-, and salt-induced declines in leaf relative water content, chlorophyll content, cell membrane stability, photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), and performance index on absorption basis (PIABS), and also further decreased stress-caused decline in osmotic potential in leaves. The GABA priming uniformly increased total PAs, spermidine, amino acids involved in GABA shunt (GABA, glutamic acid, and alanine), and other amino acids (phenylalanine, aspartic acid, and glycine) accumulation under heat, drought, and salt stress. The GABA priming also significantly improved methionine content under heat and drought stress, maltose, galactose, and talose content under heat and salt stress, or cysteine, serine, and threonine content under drought and salt stress. Interestingly, the GABA priming uniquely led to significant accumulation of spermine, fructose, and glucose under heat stress, putrescine, proline, and mannose under drought stress, or arginine, trehalose and xylose under salt stress, respectively. These particular PAs, sugars, and amino acids differentially or commonly regulated by GABA could play critical roles in osmotic adjustment, osmoprotection, antioxidant, energy source, and signal molecular for creeping bentgrass to acclimate diverse abiotic stresses.
Zhou Li; Bizhen Cheng; Yan Peng; Yan Zhang. Adaptability to abiotic stress regulated by γ-aminobutyric acid in relation to alterations of endogenous polyamines and organic metabolites in creeping bentgrass. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 2020, 157, 185 -194.
AMA StyleZhou Li, Bizhen Cheng, Yan Peng, Yan Zhang. Adaptability to abiotic stress regulated by γ-aminobutyric acid in relation to alterations of endogenous polyamines and organic metabolites in creeping bentgrass. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 2020; 157 ():185-194.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhou Li; Bizhen Cheng; Yan Peng; Yan Zhang. 2020. "Adaptability to abiotic stress regulated by γ-aminobutyric acid in relation to alterations of endogenous polyamines and organic metabolites in creeping bentgrass." Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 157, no. : 185-194.
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) plays an important role in regulating stress tolerance in plants. Purposes of this study was to determine the effect of an exogenous supply of GABA on tolerance to water stress in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera), and further reveal the GABA-induced key mechanisms related to water balance, nitrogen (N) metabolism and nitric oxide (NO) production in response to water stress. Plants were pretreated with or without 0.5 mM GABA solution in the roots for 3 days, and then subjected to water stress induced by –0.52 MPa polyethylene glycol 6000 for 12 days. The results showed that water stress caused leaf water deficit, chlorophyll (Chl) loss, oxidative damage (increases in superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, and protein carbonyl content), N insufficiency, and metabolic disturbance. However, the exogenous addition of GABA significantly increased endogenous GABA content, osmotic adjustment and antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, dehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione reductase and monodehydroascorbate reductase), followed by effectively alleviating water stress damage, including declines in oxidative damage, photoinhibition, and water and Chl loss. GABA supply not only provided more available N, but also affected N metabolism through activating nitrite reductase and glutamine synthetase activities under water stress. The supply of GABA did not increase glutamate content and glutamate decarboxylase activity, but enhanced glutamate dehydrogenase activity, which might indicate that GABA promoted the conversion and utilization of glutamate for maintaining Chl synthesis and tricarboxylic acid cycle when creeping bentgrass underwent water stress. In addition, GABA-induced NO production, depending on nitrate reductase and NO-associated protein pathways, could be associated with the enhancement of antioxidant defense. Current findings reveal the critical role of GABA in regulating signal transduction and metabolic homeostasis in plants under water-limited condition.
Mingyan Tang; Zhou Li; Ling Luo; Bizhen Cheng; Youzhi Zhang; Weihang Zeng; Yan Peng. Nitric Oxide Signal, Nitrogen Metabolism, and Water Balance Affected by γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) in Relation to Enhanced Tolerance to Water Stress in Creeping Bentgrass. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020, 21, 7460 .
AMA StyleMingyan Tang, Zhou Li, Ling Luo, Bizhen Cheng, Youzhi Zhang, Weihang Zeng, Yan Peng. Nitric Oxide Signal, Nitrogen Metabolism, and Water Balance Affected by γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) in Relation to Enhanced Tolerance to Water Stress in Creeping Bentgrass. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21 (20):7460.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMingyan Tang; Zhou Li; Ling Luo; Bizhen Cheng; Youzhi Zhang; Weihang Zeng; Yan Peng. 2020. "Nitric Oxide Signal, Nitrogen Metabolism, and Water Balance Affected by γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) in Relation to Enhanced Tolerance to Water Stress in Creeping Bentgrass." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 20: 7460.
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) participates in the regulation of adaptability to abiotic stress in plants. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of GABA priming on improving thermotolerance in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) based on analyses of physiology and proteome using iTRAQ technology. GABA-treated plants maintained significantly higher endogenous GABA content, photochemical efficiency, performance index on absorption basis, membrane stability, and osmotic adjustment (OA) than untreated plants during a prolonged period of heat stress (18 days), which indicated beneficial effects of GABA on alleviating heat damage. Protein profiles showed that plants were able to regulate some common metabolic processes including porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, glutathione metabolism, pyruvate metabolism, carbon fixation, and amino acid metabolism for heat acclimation. It is noteworthy that the GABA application particularly regulated arachidonic acid metabolism and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis related to better thermotolerance. In response to heat stress, the GABA priming significantly increased the abundances of Cu/ZnSOD and APX4 that were consistent with superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities. The GABA-upregulated proteins in relation to antioxidant defense (Cu/ZnSOD and APX4) for the reactive oxygen species scavenging, heat shock response (HSP90, HSP70, and HSP16.9) for preventing denatured proteins aggregation, stabilizing abnormal proteins, promoting protein maturation and assembly, sugars, and amino acids metabolism (PFK5, ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase 5; FK2, fructokinase 2; BFRUCT, β-fructofuranosidase; RFS2, galactinol-sucrose galactosyltransferase 2; ASN2, asparagine synthetase 2) for OA and energy metabolism, and transcription factor (C2H2 ZNF, C2H2 zinc-finger protein) for the activation of stress-defensive genes could play vital roles in establishing thermotolerance. Current findings provide an illuminating insight into the new function of GABA on enhancing adaptability to heat stress in plants.
Zhou Li; Weihang Zeng; Bizhen Cheng; Ting Huang; Yan Peng; Xinquan Zhang. γ-Aminobutyric Acid Enhances Heat Tolerance Associated with the Change of Proteomic Profiling in Creeping Bentgrass. Molecules 2020, 25, 4270 .
AMA StyleZhou Li, Weihang Zeng, Bizhen Cheng, Ting Huang, Yan Peng, Xinquan Zhang. γ-Aminobutyric Acid Enhances Heat Tolerance Associated with the Change of Proteomic Profiling in Creeping Bentgrass. Molecules. 2020; 25 (18):4270.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhou Li; Weihang Zeng; Bizhen Cheng; Ting Huang; Yan Peng; Xinquan Zhang. 2020. "γ-Aminobutyric Acid Enhances Heat Tolerance Associated with the Change of Proteomic Profiling in Creeping Bentgrass." Molecules 25, no. 18: 4270.
White clover (Trifolium repens L.) is a widely cultivated cool-season perennial forage legume in temperate grassland systems. Many studies have analyzed the gene expression in this grass species using quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). The selection of stable reference genes for qRT-PCR is crucial. However, there was no detailed study on reference genes in different tissues of white clover under various abiotic stress conditions. Herein, 14 candidate reference genes (ACT7, ACT101, TUA1109, TUB, CYP, 60SrRNA, UBQ, E3, GAPDH1, GAPDH2, PP2A, BAM3, SAMDC, and ABC) were selected and analyzed by four programs (GeNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, and RefFinder). Samples were taken from two tissues (leaves and roots) under five different abiotic stresses (drought, salt, heat, cold, and heavy metal stress). Our results showed that 60SrRNA and ACT101 were the two top-ranked genes for all samples. Under various experimental conditions, the most stable gene was different; however, SAMDC, UBQ, 60SrRNA, and ACT101 were always top ranked. The most suitable reference genes should be selected according to different plant tissues and growth conditions. Validation of these reference genes by expression analysis of Cyt-Cu/Zn SOD and CAT confirmed their reliability. Our study will benefit the subsequent research of gene function in this species.
Qi Pu; Zhou Li; Gang Nie; Jiqiong Zhou; Lin Liu; Yan Peng. Selection and Validation of Reference Genes for Quantitative Real-Time PCR in White Clover (Trifolium repens L.) Involved in Five Abiotic Stresses. Plants 2020, 9, 996 .
AMA StyleQi Pu, Zhou Li, Gang Nie, Jiqiong Zhou, Lin Liu, Yan Peng. Selection and Validation of Reference Genes for Quantitative Real-Time PCR in White Clover (Trifolium repens L.) Involved in Five Abiotic Stresses. Plants. 2020; 9 (8):996.
Chicago/Turabian StyleQi Pu; Zhou Li; Gang Nie; Jiqiong Zhou; Lin Liu; Yan Peng. 2020. "Selection and Validation of Reference Genes for Quantitative Real-Time PCR in White Clover (Trifolium repens L.) Involved in Five Abiotic Stresses." Plants 9, no. 8: 996.
Myo‐inositol (MI) regulates stress adaptation in plants. The objective of this study was to investigate effects of foliar MI application on improving drought tolerance associated with osmotic adjustment (OA), photosynthesis, and antioxidant defense in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.). Both MI‐pretreated (1 mM) and untreated plants were subjected to drought stress or well‐watered condition for 12 days in growth chambers. Results showed that exogenous MI application protected plants from drought damage by improving OA and water use efficiency, and these contributed to better water status in creeping bentgrass. Interestingly, the foliar spray of MI promoted the accumulation of water soluble carbohydrates, but decreased drought‐induced free proline in leaves. The MI‐pretreated plants exhibited significantly greater chlorophyll (Chl) content, photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), performance index on absorption basis (PIABS), and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) than untreated plants in response to drought stress. Foliar application of MI decreased superoxide anion radical, hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde content, and electrolyte leakage, but increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxide (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities and gene expression in leaves under drought stress. This study indicates that MI‐induced drought tolerance was involved in the maintenance of better water relation associated with increases in OA and WUE, the decline in Chl loss for photosynthetic maintenance, and improvement in antioxidant enzymes activity and gene expression contributing to less oxidative damage under drought stress. It is worth further investigating stress‐defensive proteins and metabolites induced by MI in turfgrass or other plant species under drought stress or other abiotic stresses. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Zhou Li; Jingyan Fu; Diwen Shi; Yan Peng. Myo‐inositol enhances drought tolerance in creeping bentgrass through alteration of osmotic adjustment, photosynthesis, and antioxidant defense. Crop Science 2020, 60, 2149 -2158.
AMA StyleZhou Li, Jingyan Fu, Diwen Shi, Yan Peng. Myo‐inositol enhances drought tolerance in creeping bentgrass through alteration of osmotic adjustment, photosynthesis, and antioxidant defense. Crop Science. 2020; 60 (4):2149-2158.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhou Li; Jingyan Fu; Diwen Shi; Yan Peng. 2020. "Myo‐inositol enhances drought tolerance in creeping bentgrass through alteration of osmotic adjustment, photosynthesis, and antioxidant defense." Crop Science 60, no. 4: 2149-2158.
Salinity is a major abiotic stress which limits crop production, especially under rainfed conditions. Selenium (Se), as an important micronutrient, plays a vital role in mitigating detrimental effects of different abiotic stresses. The objective of this research was to examine the effect of Se fertilization on black gram (Vigna mungo) under salt stress. Our results showed that salt stress (100 mM NaCl) in leaves significantly induced oxidative damage and caused a decline in relative water content, chlorophyll (Chl), stomatal conductance (gs), photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), sucrose, and reducing sugars. A low dose of Se (1.5 ppm) significantly reduced hydrogen peroxide content, malondialdehyde formation, cell membrane damage, and also improved antioxidative enzyme activities, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase under salt stress. Se-treated plants exhibited higher Chl, gs, Fv/Fm, sucrose, and reducing sugars than untreated plants in response to salt stress. In addition, Se application enhanced Se uptake and reduced Na+ uptake, but Cl− remained unaffected. Our results indicated that a low dose of Se effectively alleviated salt damage via inhibition of Na+ uptake and enhanced antioxidant defense resulting in a significant decrease in oxidative damage, and maintained gaseous exchange and PS II function for sucrose and reducing sugars accumulation in black gram.
Muhammad Jawad Hassan; Muhammad Ali Raza; Imran Khan; Tehseen Ahmad Meraj; Mukhtar Ahmed; Ghulam Abbas Shah; Muhammad Ansar; Samrah Afzal Awan; Nanak Khan; Nasir Iqbal; Yan Peng; Zhou Li. Selenium and Salt Interactions in Black Gram (Vigna mungo L): Ion Uptake, Antioxidant Defense System, and Photochemistry Efficiency. Plants 2020, 9, 467 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Jawad Hassan, Muhammad Ali Raza, Imran Khan, Tehseen Ahmad Meraj, Mukhtar Ahmed, Ghulam Abbas Shah, Muhammad Ansar, Samrah Afzal Awan, Nanak Khan, Nasir Iqbal, Yan Peng, Zhou Li. Selenium and Salt Interactions in Black Gram (Vigna mungo L): Ion Uptake, Antioxidant Defense System, and Photochemistry Efficiency. Plants. 2020; 9 (4):467.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Jawad Hassan; Muhammad Ali Raza; Imran Khan; Tehseen Ahmad Meraj; Mukhtar Ahmed; Ghulam Abbas Shah; Muhammad Ansar; Samrah Afzal Awan; Nanak Khan; Nasir Iqbal; Yan Peng; Zhou Li. 2020. "Selenium and Salt Interactions in Black Gram (Vigna mungo L): Ion Uptake, Antioxidant Defense System, and Photochemistry Efficiency." Plants 9, no. 4: 467.
Chitosan (CTS) is involved in regulating tolerance to abiotic stress in plants. The objectives of this study were to examine whether exogenous application of CTS could improve drought tolerance of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) and reveal CTS‐regulated mechanisms of drought tolerance. Antioxidant enzyme activities, photosynthesis, and metabolic pathways of amino acids, carbohydrates, and energy production were measured. Plants pretreated with or without 100 mg CTS L−1 were subjected to well‐watered or drought stress conditions for 14 d in growth chambers. The increase in endogenous CTS content by foliar spray of exogenous CTS significantly improved drought tolerance of creeping bentgrass as demonstrated by increased relative water content, cell membrane stability, photochemical efficiency, photosynthesis, and performance index on absorption basis under drought stress. The CTS application significantly reduced drought‐caused oxidative damage by enhancing total antioxidant capacity and activating superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase. During drought stress, pretreatment with CTS promoted water use efficiency, carbohydrate (sucrose and glucose) accumulation, energy production, and metabolic homeostasis. Chitosan treatment did not have an effect on proline accumulation and metabolism. Improved γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) accumulation, pyruvic acid, and chlorophyll content in leaves were found due to CTS treatment under drought stress. Results indicate that the CTS plays a positive role in regulating drought tolerance of creeping bentgrass by altering antioxidant, energy supply, and metabolic homeostasis.
Zhaoqiao Liu; Ting Liu; Linlin Liang; Zhou Li; Muhammad Jawad Hassan; Yan Peng; Duo Wang. Enhanced photosynthesis, carbohydrates, and energy metabolism associated with chitosan‐induced drought tolerance in creeping bentgrass. Crop Science 2019, 60, 1064 -1076.
AMA StyleZhaoqiao Liu, Ting Liu, Linlin Liang, Zhou Li, Muhammad Jawad Hassan, Yan Peng, Duo Wang. Enhanced photosynthesis, carbohydrates, and energy metabolism associated with chitosan‐induced drought tolerance in creeping bentgrass. Crop Science. 2019; 60 (2):1064-1076.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhaoqiao Liu; Ting Liu; Linlin Liang; Zhou Li; Muhammad Jawad Hassan; Yan Peng; Duo Wang. 2019. "Enhanced photosynthesis, carbohydrates, and energy metabolism associated with chitosan‐induced drought tolerance in creeping bentgrass." Crop Science 60, no. 2: 1064-1076.
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA), a non-proteinaceous amino acid, modulates plant growth and stress tolerance. However, the potential role of GABA in regulating key metabolic pathways and stress-defensive proteins against drought in plants has never been explored. Creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) plants were pretreated with or without GABA and then subjected to water stress for 8 days in controlled growth chambers (23/19 °C, day/night). Physiological analysis showed that elevated endogenous GABA level via exogenous GABA application significantly mitigated water stress damage to creeping bentgrass, as manifested by increased leaf relative water content, water use efficiency, osmotic adjustment (OA), photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), net photosynthetic rate, and reduced oxidative damage. iTRAQ-based proteomics found that enhanced chaperones accumulation, carbohydrates, amino acids, and energy metabolism played important roles in protein protection, OA, energy maintenance, and metabolic balance, which is important adaptive response to drought stress in creeping bentgrass. The GABA further promoted energy production and conversion, antioxidant defense, and DHN3 accumulation that were essential for energy requirement, ROS-scavenging, and the prevention of cell dehydration in leaf during drought stress. In addition, GABA-treated plants maintained significantly higher abundance of dicarboxylate transporter 2.1, ATP-dependent zinc metalloprotease, receptor-like protein kinase HERK1, o-acyltransferase WSD1, omega-6 fatty acid desaturase, and two-component response regulator ORR21 than untreated plants under drought stress. The result provides new evidences that GABA-induced drought tolerance is possibly involved in the improvement of nitrogen recycling, protection of photosystem II, mitigation of drought-depressed cell elongation, wax biosynthesis, fatty acid desaturase, and delaying leaf senescence in creeping bentgrass.
Zhou Li; Ting Huang; Mingyan Tang; Binzhen Cheng; Yan Peng; Xinquan Zhang. iTRAQ-based proteomics reveals key role of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in regulating drought tolerance in perennial creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera). Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 2019, 145, 216 -226.
AMA StyleZhou Li, Ting Huang, Mingyan Tang, Binzhen Cheng, Yan Peng, Xinquan Zhang. iTRAQ-based proteomics reveals key role of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in regulating drought tolerance in perennial creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera). Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 2019; 145 ():216-226.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhou Li; Ting Huang; Mingyan Tang; Binzhen Cheng; Yan Peng; Xinquan Zhang. 2019. "iTRAQ-based proteomics reveals key role of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in regulating drought tolerance in perennial creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera)." Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 145, no. : 216-226.
Activation and enhancement of heat shock factor (HSF) pathways are important adaptive responses to heat stress in plants. The γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) plays an important role in regulating heat tolerance, but it is unclear whether GABA-induced thermotolerance is associated with activation of HSF pathways in plants. In this study, the changes of endogenous GABA level affecting physiological responses and genes involved in HSF pathways were investigated in creeping bentgrass during heat stress. The increase in endogenous GABA content induced by exogenous application of GABA effectively alleviated heat damage, as reflected by higher leaf relative water content, cell membrane stability, photosynthesis, and lower oxidative damage. Contrarily, the inhibition of GABA accumulation by the application of GABA biosynthesis inhibitor further aggravated heat damage. Transcriptional analyses showed that exogenous GABA could significantly upregulate transcript levels of genes encoding heat shock factor HSFs (HSFA-6a, HSFA-2c, and HSFB-2b), heat shock proteins (HSP17.8, HSP26.7, HSP70, and HSP90.1-b1), and ascorbate peroxidase 3 (APX3), whereas the inhibition of GABA biosynthesis depressed these genes expression under heat stress. Our results indicate GABA regulates thermotolerance associated with activation and enhancement of HSF pathways in creeping bentgrass.
Ting Liu; Zhaoqiao Liu; Zhou Li; Yan Peng; Xinquan Zhang; Xiao Ma; Linkai Huang; Wei Liu; Gang Nie; Liwen He. Regulation of Heat Shock Factor Pathways by γ-aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Associated with Thermotolerance of Creeping Bentgrass. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2019, 20, 4713 .
AMA StyleTing Liu, Zhaoqiao Liu, Zhou Li, Yan Peng, Xinquan Zhang, Xiao Ma, Linkai Huang, Wei Liu, Gang Nie, Liwen He. Regulation of Heat Shock Factor Pathways by γ-aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Associated with Thermotolerance of Creeping Bentgrass. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20 (19):4713.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTing Liu; Zhaoqiao Liu; Zhou Li; Yan Peng; Xinquan Zhang; Xiao Ma; Linkai Huang; Wei Liu; Gang Nie; Liwen He. 2019. "Regulation of Heat Shock Factor Pathways by γ-aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Associated with Thermotolerance of Creeping Bentgrass." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 19: 4713.
This study was designed to examine the effects of NaCl pretreatment on the seed germination of white clover (Trifolium repens cv. Ladino) under water stress induced by 19% polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000. Lower concentrations of NaCl (0.5, 1, and 2.5 mM) pretreatment significantly alleviated stress-induced decreases in germination percentage, germination vigor, germination index, and radicle length of seedlings after seven days of germination under water stress. The soaking with 1 mM of NaCl exhibited most the pronounced effects on improving seed germination and alleviating stress damage. NaCl-induced seeds germination and growth could be associated with the increases in endogenous gibberellic acid (GA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) levels through activating amylases leading to improved amylolysis under water stress. Seedlings pretreated with NaCl had a significantly lower osmotic potential than untreated seedlings during seed germination, which could be related to significantly higher soluble sugars and free proline content in NaCl-treated seedlings under water stress. For antioxidant metabolism, NaCl pretreatment mainly improved superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase activities, transcript levels of FeSOD, APX, and DHAR, and the content of ascorbic acid, reduced glutathione, and oxidized glutathione during seed germination under water stress. The results indicated that seeds soaking with NaCl could remarkably enhance antioxidant metabolism, thereby decreasing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and membrane lipid peroxidation during germination under water stress. In addition, NaCl-upregulated dehydrin-encoded genes SK2 expression could be another important mechanism of drought tolerance during seeds germination of white clover in response to water stress.
Yiqin Cao; Linlin Liang; Bizhen Cheng; Yue Dong; Jiaqi Wei; Xiaolan Tian; Yan Peng; Zhou Li. Pretreatment with NaCl Promotes the Seed Germination of White Clover by Affecting Endogenous Phytohormones, Metabolic Regulation, and Dehydrin-Encoded Genes Expression under Water Stress. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2018, 19, 3570 .
AMA StyleYiqin Cao, Linlin Liang, Bizhen Cheng, Yue Dong, Jiaqi Wei, Xiaolan Tian, Yan Peng, Zhou Li. Pretreatment with NaCl Promotes the Seed Germination of White Clover by Affecting Endogenous Phytohormones, Metabolic Regulation, and Dehydrin-Encoded Genes Expression under Water Stress. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2018; 19 (11):3570.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYiqin Cao; Linlin Liang; Bizhen Cheng; Yue Dong; Jiaqi Wei; Xiaolan Tian; Yan Peng; Zhou Li. 2018. "Pretreatment with NaCl Promotes the Seed Germination of White Clover by Affecting Endogenous Phytohormones, Metabolic Regulation, and Dehydrin-Encoded Genes Expression under Water Stress." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 11: 3570.
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of soaking with γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on white clover (Trifolium repens cv. Haifa) seed germination under salt stress induced by 100 mM NaCl. Seeds soaking with GABA (1 μM) significantly alleviated salt-induced decreases in endogenous GABA content, germination percentage, germination vigor, germination index, shoot and root length, fresh and dry weight, and root activity of seedling during seven days of germination. Exogenous application of GABA accelerated starch catabolism via the activation of amylase and also significantly reduced water-soluble carbohydrate, free amino acid, and free proline content in seedlings under salt stress. In addition, improved antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, GPOX, CAT, APX, DHAR, GR and MDHR) and gene transcript levels (Cu/ZnSOD, FeSOD, MnSOD, CAT, GPOX, APX, MDHR, GPX and GST) was induced by seeds soaking with GABA, followed by decreases in O2∙−, H2O2, and MDA accumulation during germination under salt stress. Seeds soaking with GABA could also significantly improve Na+/K+ content and transcript levels of genes encoding Na+/K+ transportation (HKT1, HKT8, HAL2, H+-ATPase and SOS1) in seedlings of white clover. Moreover, exogenous GABA significantly induced the accumulation of dehydrins and expression of genes encoding dehydrins (SK2, Y2K, Y2SK, and dehydrin b) in seedlings under salt stress. These results indicate that GABA mitigates the salt damage during seeds germination through enhancing starch catabolism and the utilization of sugar and amino acids for the maintenance of growth, improving the antioxidant defense for the alleviation of oxidative damage, increasing Na+/K+ transportation for the osmotic adjustment, and promoting dehydrins accumulation for antioxidant and osmotic adjustment under salt stress.
Bizhen Cheng; Zhou Li; Linlin Liang; Yiqin Cao; Weihang Zeng; Xinquan Zhang; Xiao Ma; Linkai Huang; Gang Nie; Wei Liu; Yan Peng. The γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Alleviates Salt Stress Damage during Seeds Germination of White Clover Associated with Na+/K+ Transportation, Dehydrins Accumulation, and Stress-Related Genes Expression in White Clover. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2018, 19, 2520 .
AMA StyleBizhen Cheng, Zhou Li, Linlin Liang, Yiqin Cao, Weihang Zeng, Xinquan Zhang, Xiao Ma, Linkai Huang, Gang Nie, Wei Liu, Yan Peng. The γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Alleviates Salt Stress Damage during Seeds Germination of White Clover Associated with Na+/K+ Transportation, Dehydrins Accumulation, and Stress-Related Genes Expression in White Clover. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2018; 19 (9):2520.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBizhen Cheng; Zhou Li; Linlin Liang; Yiqin Cao; Weihang Zeng; Xinquan Zhang; Xiao Ma; Linkai Huang; Gang Nie; Wei Liu; Yan Peng. 2018. "The γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Alleviates Salt Stress Damage during Seeds Germination of White Clover Associated with Na+/K+ Transportation, Dehydrins Accumulation, and Stress-Related Genes Expression in White Clover." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 9: 2520.
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) may play a positive role in regulating plant tolerance to drought or heat stress. The objectives of this study were to investigate the physiological effects of GABA on tolerance of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) to heat and drought stress and to determine whether enhanced heat and drought tolerance due to GABA treatment was associated with the up-regulation of selected genes and transcriptional factors involved in stress protection. Creeping bentgrass (cultivar “Penncross”) plants were treated with 0.5 mM GABA or water (untreated control) as a foliar spray and were subsequently exposed to heat stress (35/30 °C, day/night), drought stress by withholding irrigation, or non-stress conditions in controlled-environment growth chambers. Exogenous application of GABA significantly improved plant tolerance to heat and drought stress, as reflected by increased leaf water content, cell membrane stability, and chlorophyll content. The analysis of gene transcript level revealed that exogenous GABA up-regulated the expression of ABF3, POD, APX, HSP90, DHN3, and MT1 during heat stress and the expression of CDPK26, MAPK1, ABF3, WRKY75, MYB13, HSP70, MT1, 14-3-3, and genes (SOD, CAT, POD, APX, MDHAR, DHAR, and GR) encoding antioxidant enzymes during drought stress. The up-regulation of the aforementioned stress-protective genes and transcriptional factors could contribute to improved heat and drought tolerance in creeping bentgrass.
Zhou Li; Yan Peng; Bingru Huang. Alteration of Transcripts of Stress-Protective Genes and Transcriptional Factors by γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Associated with Improved Heat and Drought Tolerance in Creeping Bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera). International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2018, 19, 1623 .
AMA StyleZhou Li, Yan Peng, Bingru Huang. Alteration of Transcripts of Stress-Protective Genes and Transcriptional Factors by γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Associated with Improved Heat and Drought Tolerance in Creeping Bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera). International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2018; 19 (6):1623.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhou Li; Yan Peng; Bingru Huang. 2018. "Alteration of Transcripts of Stress-Protective Genes and Transcriptional Factors by γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Associated with Improved Heat and Drought Tolerance in Creeping Bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera)." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 6: 1623.
Note: In lieu of an abstract, this is an excerpt from the first page. The authors wish to make the following correction to this paper [1]. Due to mislabeling, the following figures:
Yan Zhang; Zhou Li; Yan Peng; Xiaojuan Wang; Dandan Peng; Yaping Li; Xiaoshuang He; Xinquan Zhang; Xiao Ma; Linkai Huang; Yanhong Yan. Correction: Zhang, Y., et al. Clones of FeSOD, MDHAR, DHAR Genes from White Clover and Gene Expression Analysis of ROS-Scavenging Enzymes during Abiotic Stress and Hormone Treatments. Molecules 2015, 20, 20939–20954. Molecules 2015, 20, 22236 -22240.
AMA StyleYan Zhang, Zhou Li, Yan Peng, Xiaojuan Wang, Dandan Peng, Yaping Li, Xiaoshuang He, Xinquan Zhang, Xiao Ma, Linkai Huang, Yanhong Yan. Correction: Zhang, Y., et al. Clones of FeSOD, MDHAR, DHAR Genes from White Clover and Gene Expression Analysis of ROS-Scavenging Enzymes during Abiotic Stress and Hormone Treatments. Molecules 2015, 20, 20939–20954. Molecules. 2015; 20 (12):22236-22240.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYan Zhang; Zhou Li; Yan Peng; Xiaojuan Wang; Dandan Peng; Yaping Li; Xiaoshuang He; Xinquan Zhang; Xiao Ma; Linkai Huang; Yanhong Yan. 2015. "Correction: Zhang, Y., et al. Clones of FeSOD, MDHAR, DHAR Genes from White Clover and Gene Expression Analysis of ROS-Scavenging Enzymes during Abiotic Stress and Hormone Treatments. Molecules 2015, 20, 20939–20954." Molecules 20, no. 12: 22236-22240.
Increased transcriptional levels of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes play important protective roles in coping with excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants exposed to various abiotic stresses. To fully elucidate different evolutions and functions of ROS-scavenging enzymatic genes, we isolated iron superoxide dismutase (FeSOD), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) from white clover for the first time and subsequently tested dynamic expression profiles of these genes together with previously identified other antioxidant enzyme genes including copper zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/ZnSOD), manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), glutathione reductase (GR), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in response to cold, drought, salinity, cadmium stress and exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) or spermidine (Spd) treatment. The cloned fragments of FeSOD, DHAR and MDHAR genes were 630, 471 and 669 bp nucleotide sequences encoding 210, 157 and 223 amino acids, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that both amino acid and nucleotide sequences of these three genes are highly conservative. In addition, the analysis of genes expression showed the transcription of GR, POD, MDHAR, DHAR and Cu/ZnSOD were rapidly activated with relatively high abundance during cold stress. Differently, CAT, APX, FeSOD, Cu/ZnSOD and MnSOD exhibited more abundant transcripts compared to others under drought stress. Under salt stress, CAT was induced preferentially (3–12 h) compared to GR which was induced later (12–72 h). Cadmium stress mainly up-regulated Cu/ZnSOD, DHAR and MDHAR. Interestingly, most of genes expression induced by ABA or Spd happened prior to various abiotic stresses. The particular expression patterns and different response time of these genes indicated that white clover differentially activates genes encoding antioxidant enzymes to mitigate the damage of ROS during various environmental stresses.
Yan Zhang; Zhou Li; Yan Peng; Xiaojuan Wang; Dandan Peng; Yaping Li; Derek J. McPhee; Xinquan Zhang; Xiao Ma; Linkai Huang; Yanhong Yan. Clones of FeSOD, MDHAR, DHAR Genes from White Clover and Gene Expression Analysis of ROS-Scavenging Enzymes during Abiotic Stress and Hormone Treatments. Molecules 2015, 20, 20939 -20954.
AMA StyleYan Zhang, Zhou Li, Yan Peng, Xiaojuan Wang, Dandan Peng, Yaping Li, Derek J. McPhee, Xinquan Zhang, Xiao Ma, Linkai Huang, Yanhong Yan. Clones of FeSOD, MDHAR, DHAR Genes from White Clover and Gene Expression Analysis of ROS-Scavenging Enzymes during Abiotic Stress and Hormone Treatments. Molecules. 2015; 20 (11):20939-20954.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYan Zhang; Zhou Li; Yan Peng; Xiaojuan Wang; Dandan Peng; Yaping Li; Derek J. McPhee; Xinquan Zhang; Xiao Ma; Linkai Huang; Yanhong Yan. 2015. "Clones of FeSOD, MDHAR, DHAR Genes from White Clover and Gene Expression Analysis of ROS-Scavenging Enzymes during Abiotic Stress and Hormone Treatments." Molecules 20, no. 11: 20939-20954.