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Abundant data sets produced from long-term series of high-resolution remote sensing data have made it possible to explore urban issues across different spatiotemporal scales. Based on a 40-year impervious area data set released by Tsinghua University, a method was developed to map the speed and acceleration of urban built-up areas. With the mapping results of the two indices, we characterised the spatiotemporal dynamics of built-up area expansion and captured different types of expansion. Combined with socioeconomic data, we examined the temporal changes and spatial heterogeneity of driving forces with an ordinary least square (OLS) model and a panel data model, as well as exploring the environmental effects of the expansion. Our results reveal that China has experienced drastic urban expansion over the last four decades. Among all cities, megacities and large cities in eastern China, as well as megacities in central and northeast China have experienced the most dramatic urban expansion. A growing number of cities are categorised as thriving, which means that they have both high expansion speed and acceleration. The overall driving force of urban expansion has significantly increased. More specifically, it was associated with population increase in the early stages; however, since 2000, it has been substantially associated with increases in GDP and fixed asset investments. The major driving factors also differ between regions and urban sizes. Urban expansion is identified as being closely associated with environmental deterioration; thus, speed and acceleration should be included as key indicators in exploring the environmental effects of urban expansion. In summary, the results of the presented case study, based on a data set of China, indicate that speed and acceleration are useful in analysing the driving forces of urban expansion and its environmental effects, and may generate more interest in related research.
Lan Wang; Yinghui Jia; Xinhu Li; Peng Gong. Analysing the Driving Forces and Environmental Effects of Urban Expansion by Mapping the Speed and Acceleration of Built-Up Areas in China between 1978 and 2017. Remote Sensing 2020, 12, 3929 .
AMA StyleLan Wang, Yinghui Jia, Xinhu Li, Peng Gong. Analysing the Driving Forces and Environmental Effects of Urban Expansion by Mapping the Speed and Acceleration of Built-Up Areas in China between 1978 and 2017. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12 (23):3929.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLan Wang; Yinghui Jia; Xinhu Li; Peng Gong. 2020. "Analysing the Driving Forces and Environmental Effects of Urban Expansion by Mapping the Speed and Acceleration of Built-Up Areas in China between 1978 and 2017." Remote Sensing 12, no. 23: 3929.
Ecological civilization is no longer only a conceptual innovation but also a key national governance strategy in China. The State Council released the worldwide first national strategy for the circular economy, and the circular economy became a national development strategy in China.
Xinhu Li. A Systems Approach to Urban Health and Well-being Has Come of Age in China. Advancing Health and Wellbeing in the Changing Urban Environment 2020, 1 -5.
AMA StyleXinhu Li. A Systems Approach to Urban Health and Well-being Has Come of Age in China. Advancing Health and Wellbeing in the Changing Urban Environment. 2020; ():1-5.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXinhu Li. 2020. "A Systems Approach to Urban Health and Well-being Has Come of Age in China." Advancing Health and Wellbeing in the Changing Urban Environment , no. : 1-5.
Respiratory health is a focus of interdisciplinary studies involving urban planning and public health. Studies have noted that urban built environments have impacts on respiratory health by influencing air quality and human behavior such as physical activity. The aim of this paper was to explore the impact of urban built environments on respiratory health, taking chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as one of the typical respiratory diseases for study. A cross-sectional study was conducted including all cases (N = 1511) of death from COPD in the high-density Jing’an district of Shanghai from 2001 to 2010. Proxy variables were selected to measure modifiable features of urban built environments within this typical high-density district in Shanghai. A geographically weighted regression (GWR) model was used to explore the effects of the built environment on the mortality of COPD and the geographical variation in the effects. This study found that land use mix, building width-height ratio, frontal area density, and arterial road density were significantly correlated to the mortality of COPD in high-density urban area. By identifying built environment elements adjustable by urban planning and public policy, this study proposes corresponding environmental intervention for respiratory health.
Lan Wang; Rui Chen; Wenyao Sun; XiaoMing Yang; Xinhu Li. Impact of High-Density Urban Built Environment on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Case Study of Jing’an District, Shanghai. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 17, 252 .
AMA StyleLan Wang, Rui Chen, Wenyao Sun, XiaoMing Yang, Xinhu Li. Impact of High-Density Urban Built Environment on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Case Study of Jing’an District, Shanghai. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 17 (1):252.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLan Wang; Rui Chen; Wenyao Sun; XiaoMing Yang; Xinhu Li. 2019. "Impact of High-Density Urban Built Environment on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Case Study of Jing’an District, Shanghai." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 1: 252.
Soil organic matter plays a fundamental role in terrestrial ecosystems. However, little is known about the spectral characteristics and fluorescent components of soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) in peri-urban ecosystems and their influencing factors. In this study, we used the fluorescence excitation-emission matrix and parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC) to characterize soil DOM in a peri-urban Critical Zone Observatory watershed in Eastern China. Soil samples were collected at depths of 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, and 20-40 cm from 82 sites (29 forest, 11 orchard, and 42 cropland). The results showed that soil organic carbon and water-soluble organic carbon content varied with land use type, and both were significantly higher in forest than cropland and orchard samples. Three fluorescent components, humic-, fulfic-, and protein-like substances, were derived from soil DOM using the PARAFAC model. All these components were distributed differently in the three land use types, as were their UV and fluorescence indices. The spatial distribution of soil DOM showed that the quantity and chemical composition of DOM were affected by environmental variables and human disturbance, among which pH and altitude significantly affected DOM content. Anthropogenic parameters such as distance to road and distance to town strongly influenced the chemical composition and characteristics of soil DOM. Negative correlations were observed between humic-like substances and distance to road or town, while positive correlations were observed between protein-like substances and these two parameters. These results demonstrate the pronounced influence of human activities on DOM composition and characteristics in the watershed area. The findings highlight the value of soil DOM characterization to better understand the origin, composition, and fate of DOM in soils in peri-urban critical zones.
Jianfeng Tang; Wendong Wang; Lei Yang; Changli Cao; Xinhu Li. Variation in quantity and chemical composition of soil dissolved organic matter in a peri-urban critical zone observatory watershed in Eastern China. Science of The Total Environment 2019, 688, 622 -631.
AMA StyleJianfeng Tang, Wendong Wang, Lei Yang, Changli Cao, Xinhu Li. Variation in quantity and chemical composition of soil dissolved organic matter in a peri-urban critical zone observatory watershed in Eastern China. Science of The Total Environment. 2019; 688 ():622-631.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJianfeng Tang; Wendong Wang; Lei Yang; Changli Cao; Xinhu Li. 2019. "Variation in quantity and chemical composition of soil dissolved organic matter in a peri-urban critical zone observatory watershed in Eastern China." Science of The Total Environment 688, no. : 622-631.