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The purpose of this study was to learn how physical activity, anxiety, resilience and engagement can influence optimism in older adults. An observational, quantitative, descriptive and transversal design was used with non-probabilistic sampling. A descriptive statistical analysis of the sample, Cronbach’s alpha test of internal consistency and linear correlation using Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) were performed. In addition, a t-Student test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), Kolmogorov–Smirnov test of normality and Levene test of homogeneity, as well as a multivariate linear regression model, were conducted. Participants who had not engaged in physical activity showed an increased total anxiety and significantly greater decrease in concentration compared to those who had engaged in physical activity. The Revised Life Orientation Test (LOT-R), Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) and resilience of participants who had not engaged in physical activity were significantly lower than those of the participants who had engaged in physical activity. Those with a partner showed significantly lower decreases in concentration compared to single women. Regarding UWES, the current scores and dedication of couples were significantly higher than singles, as for resilience. In addition, the levels of pessimism in participants living on the coast were significantly higher compared to those living inland; in addition, a greater number of days with less anxiety is seen in those who performed physical activity. A multivariate linear regression model, F(7, 349) = 30.6, p < 0.001, explained 38% of the variance of LOT-R; those attending a public center had a lower LOT-R than those who did not, and high values of anxiety were associated with low levels of LOT-R, while high values of resilience were associated with high values of LOT-R. The results from the study provide support for future programs for older adults, in order to be able to determine in a much more precise way the objectives of programs intended for users of this age group.
Alfonso Martínez-Moreno; Ricardo José Ibáñez-Pérez; Francisco Cavas-García F.; Francisco Cano-Noguera. The Influence of Physical Activity, Anxiety, Resilience and Engagement on the Optimism of Older Adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 8284 .
AMA StyleAlfonso Martínez-Moreno, Ricardo José Ibáñez-Pérez, Francisco Cavas-García F., Francisco Cano-Noguera. The Influence of Physical Activity, Anxiety, Resilience and Engagement on the Optimism of Older Adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (21):8284.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlfonso Martínez-Moreno; Ricardo José Ibáñez-Pérez; Francisco Cavas-García F.; Francisco Cano-Noguera. 2020. "The Influence of Physical Activity, Anxiety, Resilience and Engagement on the Optimism of Older Adults." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21: 8284.
The purpose of the study was to understand the effects of gender and age on anxiety, optimism, resilience and engagement in a group of older adults. An observational, quantitative, descriptive and transversal design was used with non-probabilistic sampling. Descriptive statistical analyses, reliability tests (Cronbach’s alpha) and linear correlation tests (Pearson’s) were performed, and the development of multivariate linear regression models was conducted. Female participants in the sample had higher levels in anxiety and pessimism, while male participants scored higher in optimism, engagement and resilience. Participants who practiced physical activity (PA) had better scores in optimism, engagement and resilience. The sample comprised 55.1% men and 44.9% women, between the ages of 51 and 93, with an average of 68.1 years, all participants completed the questionnaire Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2) the Revised Life Orientation Test (LOT-R) the short version of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale questionnaire (UWES-9) the short version of the CD-RISC. As for marital status, there were significant differences between single participants and romantic partner. Singles participants showed higher levels of anxiety than their married counterparts, while those in a relationship scored higher in optimism, engagement and resilience. The model was statistically significant F (9;352) = 14.6; p < 0.001, explaining 27% of the variance in optimism. The data indicated that PA practice and living with a partner in an inland area is associated with less anxiety, which may have implications for programs and activities designed for older adults.
Alfonso Martínez-Moreno; Ricardo José Ibáñez-Pérez; Francisco Cavas-García; Francisco Cano-Noguera. Older Adults’ Gender, Age and Physical Activity Effects on Anxiety, Optimism, Resilience and Engagement. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 7561 .
AMA StyleAlfonso Martínez-Moreno, Ricardo José Ibáñez-Pérez, Francisco Cavas-García, Francisco Cano-Noguera. Older Adults’ Gender, Age and Physical Activity Effects on Anxiety, Optimism, Resilience and Engagement. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (20):7561.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlfonso Martínez-Moreno; Ricardo José Ibáñez-Pérez; Francisco Cavas-García; Francisco Cano-Noguera. 2020. "Older Adults’ Gender, Age and Physical Activity Effects on Anxiety, Optimism, Resilience and Engagement." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 20: 7561.
The aim of the study is to evaluate the social perception of older adults, resident in the host communities where the stage of “La Vuelta” 2019 starts or ends, identifying the possible existing groups and comparing the results before and during the event. Community support is a critical factor in ensuring the success of a major sports event and in generating a greater sense of community involvement. In order to analyze the social perception of the event, 521 older adults were interviewed using a questionnaire of 27 items. Data were collected online in the pre-event period and face-to-face in the on-site period using tablets. A t-test and cluster analysis was carried out to identify different residents’ opinions. The results showed an improvement in the perception of the positive and negative impacts in the in situ period with respect to the pre-event. Three clusters were identified (Positives, Moderates, Haters) with the Positives group being the most represented in each of the periods. The findings suggest that a high level of future intentions for positive behavior can benefit the intangible characteristics of the event and host communities, and that these population groups can better harness the tangible benefits of sports events.
José Miguel Vegara-Ferri; José María López-Gullón; Ricardo José Ibanez-Pérez; María Carboneros; Salvador Angosto. Segmenting the Older Resident’s Perception of a Major Cycling Event. Sustainability 2020, 12, 4010 .
AMA StyleJosé Miguel Vegara-Ferri, José María López-Gullón, Ricardo José Ibanez-Pérez, María Carboneros, Salvador Angosto. Segmenting the Older Resident’s Perception of a Major Cycling Event. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (10):4010.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJosé Miguel Vegara-Ferri; José María López-Gullón; Ricardo José Ibanez-Pérez; María Carboneros; Salvador Angosto. 2020. "Segmenting the Older Resident’s Perception of a Major Cycling Event." Sustainability 12, no. 10: 4010.