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Life cycle assessment is an environmental method which estimates either a process or a building material within the cradle-to-grave cycle. Presently, it is one of a few tools that include all factors which may influence the environment. The authors used this tool to prove effects connected with potential efficient energy levels and a reduction in CO2 emissions within a building’s life cycle. For the purpose of our analyses, several types of single-family building were chosen and they were subjected to analysis in the fixed location of Warsaw. The research scope included a numerical analysis of the buildings concerning the level of embodied energies and the emission of greenhouse gases. The performed analysis proved that, within a 50-year cycle, the difference between the embodied energy from the best and worst building choices can amount to 14.87%, whereas a reduction in embodied carbon emissions can reach 20.65%. Each change in the building’s form and the type of building materials used, regardless of the usable area, influence the environmental impact. Therefore, this paper concludes that LCA, as a management tool, should be used cyclically as part of each phase of the design process. A multi-criteria method for selecting architectural solutions was proposed which considered minimum cumulative primary energy, minimum cumulative carbon emission and minimum cost of constructing a building.
Michał Pierzchalski; Elżbieta Ryńska; Arkadiusz Węglarz. Life Cycle Assessment as a Major Support Tool within Multi-Criteria Design Process of Single Dwellings Located in Poland. Energies 2021, 14, 3748 .
AMA StyleMichał Pierzchalski, Elżbieta Ryńska, Arkadiusz Węglarz. Life Cycle Assessment as a Major Support Tool within Multi-Criteria Design Process of Single Dwellings Located in Poland. Energies. 2021; 14 (13):3748.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMichał Pierzchalski; Elżbieta Ryńska; Arkadiusz Węglarz. 2021. "Life Cycle Assessment as a Major Support Tool within Multi-Criteria Design Process of Single Dwellings Located in Poland." Energies 14, no. 13: 3748.
The analyzed research issue provides a model for Carbon Footprint estimation at an early design stage. In the context of climate neutrality, it is important to introduce regenerative design practices in the architect’s design process, especially in early design phases when the possibility of modifying the design is usually high. The research method was based on separate consecutive research works–partial tasks: Developing regenerative design guidelines for simulation purposes and for parametric modeling; generating a training set and a testing set of building designs with calculated total Carbon Footprint; using the pre-generated set to train a Machine Learning Model;applying the Machine Learning Model to predict optimal building features; prototyping an application for a quick estimation of the Total Carbon Footprint in the case of other projects in early design phases; updating the prototyped application with additional features; urban layout analysis; preparing a new approach based on Convolutional Neural Networks and training the new algorithm; and developing the final version of the application that can predict the Total Carbon Footprint of a building design based on basic building features and on the urban layout. The results of multi-criteria analyses showed relationships between the parameters of buildings and the possibility of introducing Carbon Footprint estimation and implementing building optimization at the initial design stage.
Mateusz Płoszaj-Mazurek; Elżbieta Ryńska; Magdalena Grochulska-Salak. Methods to Optimize Carbon Footprint of Buildings in Regenerative Architectural Design with the Use of Machine Learning, Convolutional Neural Network, and Parametric Design. Energies 2020, 13, 5289 .
AMA StyleMateusz Płoszaj-Mazurek, Elżbieta Ryńska, Magdalena Grochulska-Salak. Methods to Optimize Carbon Footprint of Buildings in Regenerative Architectural Design with the Use of Machine Learning, Convolutional Neural Network, and Parametric Design. Energies. 2020; 13 (20):5289.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMateusz Płoszaj-Mazurek; Elżbieta Ryńska; Magdalena Grochulska-Salak. 2020. "Methods to Optimize Carbon Footprint of Buildings in Regenerative Architectural Design with the Use of Machine Learning, Convolutional Neural Network, and Parametric Design." Energies 13, no. 20: 5289.
The introduction of parametric tools has made a strong shift within a traditional approach to urban planning and building design, including the creation of a design awareness zone where environmental issues are concerned. This approach also uses sufficient data to be used already at the concept stage and provides initial interdisciplinary solutions. Analyses from the very initial stages allow the inclusion of smart energy choices influencing the massing, architectural features, proportions, flexibility of design, and economics. This is only a threshold; there is still a place for further development and more accurate analyses leading to the construction of buildings and urban areas with a stronger input of sustainable solutions, as existing approaches have certain limitations. This path has been followed in several research grants conducted at the Faculty of Architecture Warsaw University of Technology, and later on developed as a co-operation area with various stakeholders. Outside the general state of art, this paper will include two case studies which were provided as a concept design for prospective investors. Both locations are in the Warsaw Downtown Area, and analyses include algorithmic models dealing with the optimisation of the buildings’ forms, urban scale sun radiation levels, shadow and wind analyses indicating use of sunlight energy and wind as alternative energy sources. One of the case studies contains Pareto Front including both single- and multi-criteria optimization methods for analysing energy and economic efficiency issues, pointing out the best case solutions.
Elzbieta Rynska; Joanna Klimowicz; Slawomir Kowal; Krzysztof Lyzwa; Michal Pierzchalski; Wojciech Rekosz; Joanna Klimowicz. Smart Energy Solutions as an Indispensable Multi-Criteria Input for a Coherent Urban Planning and Building Design Process—Two Case Studies for Smart Office Buildings in Warsaw Downtown Area. Energies 2020, 13, 3757 .
AMA StyleElzbieta Rynska, Joanna Klimowicz, Slawomir Kowal, Krzysztof Lyzwa, Michal Pierzchalski, Wojciech Rekosz, Joanna Klimowicz. Smart Energy Solutions as an Indispensable Multi-Criteria Input for a Coherent Urban Planning and Building Design Process—Two Case Studies for Smart Office Buildings in Warsaw Downtown Area. Energies. 2020; 13 (15):3757.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElzbieta Rynska; Joanna Klimowicz; Slawomir Kowal; Krzysztof Lyzwa; Michal Pierzchalski; Wojciech Rekosz; Joanna Klimowicz. 2020. "Smart Energy Solutions as an Indispensable Multi-Criteria Input for a Coherent Urban Planning and Building Design Process—Two Case Studies for Smart Office Buildings in Warsaw Downtown Area." Energies 13, no. 15: 3757.
As the world continues to see an expansion of technological innovations, highly populated areas are starting to adopt sustainable solutions to become more energy efficient. The concept of circular cities is a new economic model that reconfigures products and services in such ways as to eliminate the issues of waste and harmful influences and uses alternative energy resources and materials. Many of these principles are currently being implemented in various regions’ policies; however, research is still lacking on the implementation of circular economics in urban areas. Developing and Designing Circular Cities: Emerging Research and Opportunities is a collection of innovative research on the methods, framework, and implementation of a circular economy within urbanized areas. This book analyzes the various disciplines of circularity within modern cities while also comparing past and future approaches to urban development. While highlighting topics including sustainable development, renewable energy systems, and urban planning, this book is ideally designed for architects, urban planners, contractors, investors, government officials, civil engineers, educators, academicians, researchers, and students.
Elzbieta Rynska. Developing and Designing Circular Cities. Handbook of Research on Novel Practices and Current Successes in Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleElzbieta Rynska. Developing and Designing Circular Cities. Handbook of Research on Novel Practices and Current Successes in Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElzbieta Rynska. 2020. "Developing and Designing Circular Cities." Handbook of Research on Novel Practices and Current Successes in Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals , no. : 1.
Sustainable development has now become an element that is deeply integrated in contemporary architectonic design and urban planning. With the development of a modern designer’s workshop, resilience, passive, ecological, plus energy or nZEB buildings and various smart city issues have to be included in line with more conventional analyses prepared during the design processes. Currently, we also face the emerging theme of the circular economy. This has a great impact, not just on the introduction of circular loops into the flow of building materials, but also on the design approach and management choices. Historic heritage buildings forming part of the building stock must be considered within this new theme. Most existing research deals either with new or modernised buildings, or with the re-use flows of various materials, actually often coming from historic buildings which have passed beyond the limits of repair. This paper shows a different approach to historic buildings where a design was prepared focusing on best choice cases and included a chain of several intertwining approaches, presented against the background of a Polish case study in Warsaw. The aim of this work is to propose a design management procedure to be used when dealing with historic buildings. It follows both the path of a circular economy and of heritage values, emphasising the need to maintain as much of the existing fabric as possible. This analysis is also based on various issues of site research and is followed by historic building case analysis.
Elżbieta D. Ryńska; Maria L. Lewicka. Closed circulation loops in historic buildings. Cultural diagnosis as one of the major factors in a contemporary designer’s workshop. Urban Development Issues 2019, 61, 41 -50.
AMA StyleElżbieta D. Ryńska, Maria L. Lewicka. Closed circulation loops in historic buildings. Cultural diagnosis as one of the major factors in a contemporary designer’s workshop. Urban Development Issues. 2019; 61 (1):41-50.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElżbieta D. Ryńska; Maria L. Lewicka. 2019. "Closed circulation loops in historic buildings. Cultural diagnosis as one of the major factors in a contemporary designer’s workshop." Urban Development Issues 61, no. 1: 41-50.
Sustainable development has by now become an element deeply integrated in the everyday design. It has many shades and may be found under many names. We speak about resiliency in design and procurement of passive, ecologic, plus energy, or nZEB buildings. Nevertheless, if we look closely, we may distinguish certain characteristic ideas. First, sustainable development of societies and urbanization processes should be consistent on a deeper level than presently, and be included within design processes, organization, and planning, as well as modernization and redevelopment procedures of existing urban tissue. Secondly, urbanization should be perceived holistically, as an interaction and harmonious development of both natural and manmade environments, with solutions based on the best technical and technological standards available. Lastly, described ideas are achievable only, if we include continuous cooperation between urban planners, architects, specialist consultants, as well as energy-efficient interdisciplinary solutions to achieve high standard energy measures. One of the thresholds is economic feasibility; the other is health and well-being of the users which should always be discussed as a priority. This paper—outside a brief theoretical approach to initial procedures in design management—will dwell on transformation and modernization of an existing building belonging to the Warsaw University of Technology, one of the oldest universities in Poland, its founding dating back to the beginning of the twentieth century. In 2015, a Nordic Finance Mechanism grant dedicated to the nZEB technology transfer from Norway to Poland was awarded to a group of researchers from Warsaw University of Technology and NTNU Trondheim. The main aim of the project is implementation of nZEB knowledge in Poland, as well as preparation of two integrated concept designs for public (University) buildings as exemplary case studies which could act as the benchmarks for other public buildings.
Elżbieta Ryńska; Urszula Koźmińska; Joanna Rucińska. Effectivity–ecosphere–economics in nZEB retrofit procedures. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2018, 26, 29544 -29559.
AMA StyleElżbieta Ryńska, Urszula Koźmińska, Joanna Rucińska. Effectivity–ecosphere–economics in nZEB retrofit procedures. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2018; 26 (29):29544-29559.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElżbieta Ryńska; Urszula Koźmińska; Joanna Rucińska. 2018. "Effectivity–ecosphere–economics in nZEB retrofit procedures." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 26, no. 29: 29544-29559.
This chapter is dedicated to the modernisation process of existing buildings aiming to achieve the nearly zero-energy standard. The process is described from the designer's perspective. Related issues, requirements, constraints, design options, and local determinants are analysed, and optimal architectural solutions for selected case studies are also presented. The analysis is based on the KodnZeb project, which included the modernisation of two existing buildings, located in Warsaw (the Faculty of Building Services, Hydro- and Environmental Engineering and Student Housing Muszelka), which differ in architectural features function, location, and needs. Thus, two diverse approaches to the modernisation process are examined. The chapter concludes with general guidelines and recommendations for similar architectural projects.
Urszula Kozminska; Elzbieta Rynska. Existing Buildings. Advances in Civil and Industrial Engineering 2018, 228 -247.
AMA StyleUrszula Kozminska, Elzbieta Rynska. Existing Buildings. Advances in Civil and Industrial Engineering. 2018; ():228-247.
Chicago/Turabian StyleUrszula Kozminska; Elzbieta Rynska. 2018. "Existing Buildings." Advances in Civil and Industrial Engineering , no. : 228-247.
Elzbieta Rynska; U. Kozminska; A. Oniszk-Poplawska; D. Szubert-Klinowska; A. Tofiluk. Sustainable Interdisciplinary Transformation of Warsaw University of Technology Buildings. KODnZEB Case Study. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 2017, 12, 763 -771.
AMA StyleElzbieta Rynska, U. Kozminska, A. Oniszk-Poplawska, D. Szubert-Klinowska, A. Tofiluk. Sustainable Interdisciplinary Transformation of Warsaw University of Technology Buildings. KODnZEB Case Study. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning. 2017; 12 (4):763-771.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElzbieta Rynska; U. Kozminska; A. Oniszk-Poplawska; D. Szubert-Klinowska; A. Tofiluk. 2017. "Sustainable Interdisciplinary Transformation of Warsaw University of Technology Buildings. KODnZEB Case Study." International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 12, no. 4: 763-771.
This article outlines problems related to the location of facilities designed to treat the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW). Anaerobic digestion (AD) facilities are investigated as a treatment option, while taking into account the aspects of renewable energy generation. This research has been spurred on by the relationship between waste management, energy generation issues and spatial planning procedures. The analysis is focused on urban and semi-urban areas of medium and large cities. One of the most difficult issues associated with siting of waste processing plants is its integration with local infrastructures, avoiding conflicts and negative environmental impacts at the same time. This research aims to analyse possible locations for AD plants fuelled by OFMSW in Poland. Based on the experience gained from other countries and lessons learnt from the analysis of existing facilities in Europe, conditions for the location of this type of waste treatment plants have been defined, with the focus on economic, environmental and social issues. Most likely, the results of the multicriteria decision analysis for siting of municipal solid waste AD plants (M-BIST tool) could be transferred to other countries, especially those with a comparable GDP level and a similar framework for a waste management system.
Anna Rolewicz-Kalińska; Anna Oniszk-Popławska; Judyta Wesolowska; Elzbieta Rynska. Conditions for the development of anaerobic digestion technologies using the organic fraction of municipal solid waste: perspectives for Poland. Environment, Development and Sustainability 2016, 18, 1279 -1296.
AMA StyleAnna Rolewicz-Kalińska, Anna Oniszk-Popławska, Judyta Wesolowska, Elzbieta Rynska. Conditions for the development of anaerobic digestion technologies using the organic fraction of municipal solid waste: perspectives for Poland. Environment, Development and Sustainability. 2016; 18 (5):1279-1296.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnna Rolewicz-Kalińska; Anna Oniszk-Popławska; Judyta Wesolowska; Elzbieta Rynska. 2016. "Conditions for the development of anaerobic digestion technologies using the organic fraction of municipal solid waste: perspectives for Poland." Environment, Development and Sustainability 18, no. 5: 1279-1296.
This chapter focuses on the metabolic concept for the management and treatment of construction waste and organic fraction of municipal solid waste in urban areas. Analysis of related Dutch, German and Polish guidelines for environmental zoning of industrial plants, allows formulation of conditions for an optimal siting of waste infrastructure within urban unit. Protection zones are defined in accordance with specific requirements for waste facilities, which treat and recycle both municipal and construction waste. Distances from inhabited areas are related to environmental burdens generated by such facilities (incl. parameters such as odours, noise level, explosion impacts and emissions of other substances). Moreover, this chapter provides the analysis of a selected case studies of waste facilities processing. A comparison of European guidelines and implementation of practical solutions is described in the case study analysis, including the issues open for the discussion about sustainable siting for waste processing infrastructure within an urban unit.
Elżbieta Dagny Ryńska; Anna Teresa Oniszk-Poplawska; Urszula Kozminska. Quality of Resilient Cities, the Issue of Urban Waste. Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies 2016, 197 -223.
AMA StyleElżbieta Dagny Ryńska, Anna Teresa Oniszk-Poplawska, Urszula Kozminska. Quality of Resilient Cities, the Issue of Urban Waste. Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies. 2016; ():197-223.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElżbieta Dagny Ryńska; Anna Teresa Oniszk-Poplawska; Urszula Kozminska. 2016. "Quality of Resilient Cities, the Issue of Urban Waste." Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies , no. : 197-223.
The article is a voice in the discussion on ergonomics and efficiency in the operation of ITC devices in the context of the office environment and its ongoing changes. Increased mobility which followed technological advances is redefining office work. With the restraint of having to create designated workstations lifted, the possibilities of work-related interaction became more diverse, creating new chances but at the same time also design challenges. Which aspects of the workspace have proven to be effective in creating a good work environment? Proper temperature and humidity, daylighting, aesthetics, greenery and an interesting view outside are the top of the list; but is there really a single answer to that question? Even within one industry, requirements regarding the optimal workspace may differ, depending on the task at hand. This should be a hint that maybe flexibility and diversity of spaces made available to the employee is the best solution to that problem. In the first part of the article we explain how the office environment has evolved into what it is today, showing the most important factors influencing that change. The second stage of the analysis centers around the tools employed in working mobile, focusing on displaying their current limitation and usability in the work-related context.
Elzbieta Rynska; Ferdynand Górski. Human-Computer Interactions in Contemporary Office Environment. Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV 2015, 352 -359.
AMA StyleElzbieta Rynska, Ferdynand Górski. Human-Computer Interactions in Contemporary Office Environment. Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV. 2015; ():352-359.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElzbieta Rynska; Ferdynand Górski. 2015. "Human-Computer Interactions in Contemporary Office Environment." Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV , no. : 352-359.
Anna Oniszk-Popławska; Mariusz Matyka; Elzbieta Rynska. Evaluation of a long-term potential for the development of agricultural biogas plants: A case study for the Lubelskie Province, Poland. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2014, 36, 329 -349.
AMA StyleAnna Oniszk-Popławska, Mariusz Matyka, Elzbieta Rynska. Evaluation of a long-term potential for the development of agricultural biogas plants: A case study for the Lubelskie Province, Poland. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2014; 36 ():329-349.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnna Oniszk-Popławska; Mariusz Matyka; Elzbieta Rynska. 2014. "Evaluation of a long-term potential for the development of agricultural biogas plants: A case study for the Lubelskie Province, Poland." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 36, no. : 329-349.
The functional and urban layout of Polish cities was, and still is, highly influenced by various economic policies. This process may be further...
Elzbieta Rynska. Rehabilitation and adaptive reuse of historic buildings in Poland. Water Pollution VIII: Modelling, Monitoring and Management 2008, 113, 327 -335.
AMA StyleElzbieta Rynska. Rehabilitation and adaptive reuse of historic buildings in Poland. Water Pollution VIII: Modelling, Monitoring and Management. 2008; 113 ():327-335.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElzbieta Rynska. 2008. "Rehabilitation and adaptive reuse of historic buildings in Poland." Water Pollution VIII: Modelling, Monitoring and Management 113, no. : 327-335.