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Dr. Fábio Alexandre Abade dos Santos
CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal;

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0 Rabbit
0 Virology
0 Viruses
0 Wildlife
0 Wildlife Conservation

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hare
Rabbit
iberian hare
wild rabbit
Viruses
Virology
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Short Biography

I am a Veterinarian, recently graduated from FMV-ULisboa (Best student in class 2012-2018 1st/120). Currently, I am in the second year of the double doctorate in Veterinary Sciences from the University of Lisbon and Molecular and Celular Biology by University of Oviedo (1st classified in FCT PhD scholarship in Veterinary Sciences). Researcher in Histology since 2013, teaching Assistant of Histology I and II of FMV-UL from 2013 to 2016. Researcher in genetics, reproduction, infectious diseases and management of wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus ) and Iberian hare (Lepus granatensis)- https://www.veterinaria-atual.pt/na-pratica/doenca-hemorragica-viral-do-coelho-bravo/ Look at my ORCID : http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0696-7322 I have advanced formation in : Post-graduation "GESTIÓN SANITARIA Y CONTROL VETERINARIO DE CAZA MENOR" 50h Post-graduation "Producción y Gestión Sostenible de Conejo de Monte" 50h Post-graduation "Biología, Gestión y Cría en Cautividad de la Liebre Ibérica" 50h Post-graduation in rabbit farming Advanced formation in avian biossecurity. Author of FMV-UL Veterinary Histology Atlas Http://atlashistologia.fmv.ulisboa.pt Author of FMV-UL Veterinary Parasitology Atlas Http://atlasparasitologia.fmv.ulisboa.pt Web Designer HTML,PHP, JavaScript, CSS,PHP my Admin, MySQL When I have time, I like to do some pet clinic and surgery, having performed over 300 surgeries of different complexities in the last 2 years, including eye surgery and orthopedics.

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Protocol
Published: 16 August 2021 in Cells
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Commercial hare and rabbit immortalized cell lines are extremely limited regarding the many species within the lagomorpha order. To overcome this limitation, researchers and technicians must establish primary cell cultures derived from biopsies or embryos. Among all cell types, fibroblasts are plastic and resilient cells, highly convenient for clinical and fundamental research but also for diagnosis, particularly for viral isolation. Here, we describe a fast and cheap method to produce primary fibroblast cell cultures from leporid species, using dispase II, a protease that allows dermal–epidermal separation, followed by a simple enzymatic digestion with trypsin. This method allows for the establishment of an in vitro cell culture system with an excellent viability yield and purity level higher than 85% and enables the maintenance and even immortalization of leporid fibroblastic cells derived from tissues already differentiated.

ACS Style

Fábio A. Abade dos Santos; C. L. Carvalho; Isabel Almeida; Teresa Fagulha; Fernanda Rammos; Sílvia C. Barros; Margarida Henriques; Tiago Luís; Margarida D. Duarte. Simple Method for Establishing Primary Leporidae Skin Fibroblast Cultures. Cells 2021, 10, 2100 .

AMA Style

Fábio A. Abade dos Santos, C. L. Carvalho, Isabel Almeida, Teresa Fagulha, Fernanda Rammos, Sílvia C. Barros, Margarida Henriques, Tiago Luís, Margarida D. Duarte. Simple Method for Establishing Primary Leporidae Skin Fibroblast Cultures. Cells. 2021; 10 (8):2100.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fábio A. Abade dos Santos; C. L. Carvalho; Isabel Almeida; Teresa Fagulha; Fernanda Rammos; Sílvia C. Barros; Margarida Henriques; Tiago Luís; Margarida D. Duarte. 2021. "Simple Method for Establishing Primary Leporidae Skin Fibroblast Cultures." Cells 10, no. 8: 2100.

Review article
Published: 21 May 2021 in Frontiers in Microbiology
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Molecular methods, established in the 1980s, expanded and delivered tools for the detection of vestigial quantities of nucleic acids in biological samples. Nucleotide sequencing of these molecules reveals the identity of the organism it belongs to. However, the implications of such detection are often misinterpreted as pathogenic, even in the absence of corroborating clinical evidence. This is particularly significant in the field of virology where the concepts of commensalism, and other benign or neutral relationships, are still very new. In this manuscript, we review some fundamental microbiological concepts including commensalism, mutualism, pathogenicity, and infection, giving special emphasis to their application in virology, in order to clarify the difference between detection and infection. We also propose a system for the correct attribution of terminology in this context.

ACS Style

Fábio A. Abade dos Santos; Sara J. Portela; Teresa Nogueira; Carina L. Carvalho; Rita de Sousa; Margarida D. Duarte. Harmless or Threatening? Interpreting the Results of Molecular Diagnosis in the Context of Virus-Host Relationships. Frontiers in Microbiology 2021, 12, 1 .

AMA Style

Fábio A. Abade dos Santos, Sara J. Portela, Teresa Nogueira, Carina L. Carvalho, Rita de Sousa, Margarida D. Duarte. Harmless or Threatening? Interpreting the Results of Molecular Diagnosis in the Context of Virus-Host Relationships. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2021; 12 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fábio A. Abade dos Santos; Sara J. Portela; Teresa Nogueira; Carina L. Carvalho; Rita de Sousa; Margarida D. Duarte. 2021. "Harmless or Threatening? Interpreting the Results of Molecular Diagnosis in the Context of Virus-Host Relationships." Frontiers in Microbiology 12, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 20 April 2021 in Viruses
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In late 2019, the first herpesvirus in the genus Lepus, named leporid gammaherpesvirus 5 (LeHV-5) was described. At the time, herpetic typical lesions were observed in hares infected by the myxoma virus, which is known to induce immunosuppression. Though the real impact of LeHV-5 is still poorly understood, since it affects reproduction, it poses an additional threat to the already fragile populations of Iberian hare, demanding prevalence investigations. In this article, we describe the first quantitative molecular method for LeHV-5 detection, using either Taqman or the EvaGreen systems. This method has excellent sensitivity and specificity, it is able to detect 2.1 copies of LeHV-5 DNA and was validated with an internal control targeting the 18S rRNA gene, allowing monitoring extraction and PCR amplification efficiencies.

ACS Style

Fábio Abade dos Santos; Carina Carvalho; Maria Peleteiro; Francisco Parra; Margarida Duarte. A Versatile qPCR for Diagnosis of Leporid Gammaherpesvirus 5 Using Evagreen® or Taqman® Technologies. Viruses 2021, 13, 715 .

AMA Style

Fábio Abade dos Santos, Carina Carvalho, Maria Peleteiro, Francisco Parra, Margarida Duarte. A Versatile qPCR for Diagnosis of Leporid Gammaherpesvirus 5 Using Evagreen® or Taqman® Technologies. Viruses. 2021; 13 (4):715.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fábio Abade dos Santos; Carina Carvalho; Maria Peleteiro; Francisco Parra; Margarida Duarte. 2021. "A Versatile qPCR for Diagnosis of Leporid Gammaherpesvirus 5 Using Evagreen® or Taqman® Technologies." Viruses 13, no. 4: 715.

Original article
Published: 08 March 2021 in Transboundary and Emerging Diseases
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Rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) is a major threat to domestic and wild European rabbits. Presently, in Europe, the disease is caused mainly by Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus 2 (RHDV2/b or Lagovirus europaeus GI.2), the origin of which is still unclear, as no RHDV2 reservoir hosts were identified. After the RHDV2 emergence in 2010, viral RNA was detected in a few rodent species. Furthermore, RHDV2 was found to cause disease in some hare species resembling the disease in rabbits, evidencing the ability of the virus to cross the species barrier. In this study, through molecular, histopathologic, antigenic and morphological evidences, we demonstrate the presence and replication of RHDV2 in Eurasian badgers (Meles meles) found dead in the district of Santarém, Portugal, between March 2017 and January 2020. In two of these seven animals, we further classify the RHDV2 as a Lagovirus europaeus recombinant GI.4P‐GI.2. Our results indicate that Meles meles is susceptible to RHDV2, developing systemic infection, and excreting the virus in the faeces. Given the high viral loads seen in several organs and matrices, we believe that transmission to the wild rabbit is likely. Furthermore, transmission electron microscopy data shows the presence of Calicivirus compatible virions in the nucleus of hepatocytes, which has not been demonstrated before and constitutes a paradigm shift for caliciviruses’s replication cycle.

ACS Style

F.A. Abade dos Santos; A. Pinto; Thomas Burgoyne; K.P. Dalton; C.L. Carvalho; D.W. Ramilo; C. Carneiro; T. Carvalho; M.C. Peleteiro; F. Parra; M.D. Duarte. Spillover events of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus 2 (recombinant GI.4P‐GI.2) from Lagomorpha to Eurasian badger. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

F.A. Abade dos Santos, A. Pinto, Thomas Burgoyne, K.P. Dalton, C.L. Carvalho, D.W. Ramilo, C. Carneiro, T. Carvalho, M.C. Peleteiro, F. Parra, M.D. Duarte. Spillover events of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus 2 (recombinant GI.4P‐GI.2) from Lagomorpha to Eurasian badger. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

F.A. Abade dos Santos; A. Pinto; Thomas Burgoyne; K.P. Dalton; C.L. Carvalho; D.W. Ramilo; C. Carneiro; T. Carvalho; M.C. Peleteiro; F. Parra; M.D. Duarte. 2021. "Spillover events of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus 2 (recombinant GI.4P‐GI.2) from Lagomorpha to Eurasian badger." Transboundary and Emerging Diseases , no. : 1.

Brief report
Published: 28 December 2020 in Animals
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Rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) is a highly contagious infectious disease of European wild and domestic rabbits. Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV, GI.1) emerged in 1986 in Europe, rapidly spreading all over the world. Several genotypes of RHDV have been recognised over time, but in 2010, a new virus (RHDV2/RHDVb, GI.2) emerged and progressively replaced the previous RHDV strains, due to the lack of cross-immunity conferred between RHDV and RHDV2. RHDV2 has a high mutation rate, similarly to the other calivirus and recombines with strains of RHDV and non-pathogenic calicivirus (GI.4), ensuring the continuous emergence of new field strains. Although this poses a threat to the already endangered European rabbit species, the available vaccines against RHDV2 and the compliance of biosafety measures seem to be controlling the infection in the rabbit industry Pet rabbits, especially when kept indoor, are considered at lower risk of infections, although RHDV2 and myxoma virus (MYXV) constitute a permanent threat due to transmission via insects. Vaccination against these viruses is therefore recommended every 6 months (myxomatosis) or annually (rabbit haemorrhagic disease). The combined immunization for myxomatosis and RHDV through a commercially available bivalent vaccine with RHDV antigen has been extensively used (Nobivac® Myxo-RHD, MSD, Kenilworth, NJ, USA). This vaccine however does not confer proper protection against the RHDV2, thus the need for a rabbit clinical vaccination protocol update. Here we report a clinical case of hepatitis and alteration of coagulation in a pet rabbit that had been vaccinated with the commercially available bivalent vaccine against RHDV and tested positive to RHDV2 after death. The animal developed a prolonged and atypical disease, compatible with RHD. The virus was identified to be an RHDV2 recombinant strain, with the structural backbone of RHDV2 (GI.2) and the non-structural genes of non-pathogenic-A1 strains (RCV-A1, GI.4). Although confirmation of the etiological agent was only made after death, the clinical signs and analytic data were very suggestive of RHD.

ACS Style

Fábio A. Abade Dos Santos; Carolina Magro; Carina L. Carvalho; Pedro Ruivo; Margarida D. Duarte; Maria C. Peleteiro. A Potential Atypical Case of Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease in a Dwarf Rabbit. Animals 2020, 11, 40 .

AMA Style

Fábio A. Abade Dos Santos, Carolina Magro, Carina L. Carvalho, Pedro Ruivo, Margarida D. Duarte, Maria C. Peleteiro. A Potential Atypical Case of Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease in a Dwarf Rabbit. Animals. 2020; 11 (1):40.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fábio A. Abade Dos Santos; Carolina Magro; Carina L. Carvalho; Pedro Ruivo; Margarida D. Duarte; Maria C. Peleteiro. 2020. "A Potential Atypical Case of Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease in a Dwarf Rabbit." Animals 11, no. 1: 40.

Journal article
Published: 29 October 2020
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ACS Style

Fábio Abade dos Santos; Carina L Carvalho; Madalena Monteiro; Paulo Carvalho; Paula Mendonça; Maria Da Conceição Peleteiro; Margarida D Duarte. Recombinant myxoma virus infection associated with high mortality in rabbit farming (Oryctolagus cuniculus). 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Fábio Abade dos Santos, Carina L Carvalho, Madalena Monteiro, Paulo Carvalho, Paula Mendonça, Maria Da Conceição Peleteiro, Margarida D Duarte. Recombinant myxoma virus infection associated with high mortality in rabbit farming (Oryctolagus cuniculus). . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fábio Abade dos Santos; Carina L Carvalho; Madalena Monteiro; Paulo Carvalho; Paula Mendonça; Maria Da Conceição Peleteiro; Margarida D Duarte. 2020. "Recombinant myxoma virus infection associated with high mortality in rabbit farming (Oryctolagus cuniculus)." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 05 October 2020 in Viruses
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In late 2018, an epidemic myxomatosis outbreak emerged on the Iberian Peninsula leading to high mortality in Iberian hare populations. A recombinant Myxoma virus (strains MYXV-Tol and ha-MYXV) was rapidly identified, harbouring a 2.8 kbp insertion containing evolved duplicates of M060L, M061L, M064L, and M065L genes from myxoma virus (MYXV) or other Poxviruses. Since 2017, 1616 rabbits and 125 hares were tested by a qPCR directed to M000.5L/R gene, conserved in MYXV and MYXV-Tol/ha-MYXV strains. A subset of the positive samples (20%) from both species was tested for the insert with MYXV being detected in rabbits and the recombinant MYXV in hares. Recently, three wild rabbits were found dead South of mainland Portugal, showing skin oedema and pulmonary lesions that tested positive for the 2.8 kbp insert. Sequencing analysis showed 100% similarity with the insert sequences described in Iberian hares from Spain. Viral particles were observed in the lungs and eyelids of rabbits by electron microscopy, and isolation in RK13 cells attested virus infectivity. Despite that the analysis of complete genomes may predict the recombinant MYXV strains’ ability to infect rabbit, routine analyses showed species segregation for the circulation of MYXV and recombinant MYXV in wild rabbit and in Iberian hares, respectively. This study demonstrates, however, that recombinant MYXV can effectively infect and cause myxomatosis in wild rabbits and domestic rabbits, raising serious concerns for the future of the Iberian wild leporids while emphasises the need for the continuous monitoring of MYXV and recombinant MYXV in both species.

ACS Style

Fábio A. Abade Dos Santos; Carina L. Carvalho; Andreia Pinto; Ranjit Rai; Madalena Monteiro; Paulo Carvalho; Paula Mendonça; Maria C. Peleteiro; Francisco Parra; Margarida D. Duarte. Detection of recombinant Hare Myxoma Virus in wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus algirus). Viruses 2020, 12, 1127 .

AMA Style

Fábio A. Abade Dos Santos, Carina L. Carvalho, Andreia Pinto, Ranjit Rai, Madalena Monteiro, Paulo Carvalho, Paula Mendonça, Maria C. Peleteiro, Francisco Parra, Margarida D. Duarte. Detection of recombinant Hare Myxoma Virus in wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus algirus). Viruses. 2020; 12 (10):1127.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fábio A. Abade Dos Santos; Carina L. Carvalho; Andreia Pinto; Ranjit Rai; Madalena Monteiro; Paulo Carvalho; Paula Mendonça; Maria C. Peleteiro; Francisco Parra; Margarida D. Duarte. 2020. "Detection of recombinant Hare Myxoma Virus in wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus algirus)." Viruses 12, no. 10: 1127.

Preprint
Published: 11 September 2020
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In late 2018, an epidemic myxomatosis outbreak emerged on the Iberian Peninsula leading to high mortality in Iberian hare populations. Soon, a recombinant virus (MYXV-Tol or ha-MYXV) was identified, harboring a 2.8 kb insertion containing evolved duplicates of M060L, M061L, M064L, and M065L from MYXV. Since 2017, 1616 rabbits and 82 hares were tested by a qPCR directed to M000.5L/R gene, conserved in MYXV and MYXV-Tol/ ha-MYXV strains. A subset (20%) of the positive samples was tested for the insert with MYXV being detected in rabbits and recombinant MYXV in hares. Recently, two wild rabbits found dead in South Portugal, showing skin oedema and pulmonary lesions tested positive for the 2.8 Kb insert. Sequencing showed 100% similarity with the insert sequences described in Iberian hares from Spain. Viral particles were observed in the lungs of both rabbits by electron microscopy, and isolation in RK13 cells showed virus infectivity. Despite the analysis of recombinant MYXV genomes may predict its ability to infect rabbit, routine analyses showed species segregation for the circulation of MYXV and recombinant MYXV in wild rabbit and in Iberian hares, respectively. This study demonstrates, however, that recombinant MYXV can effectively infect and cause myxomatosis in wild rabbits and domestic rabbits, which raises serious concerns for the future of the Iberian wild leporids and emphasizes the need to continue monitoring MYXV and recombinant MYXV in both species.

ACS Style

Fábio A. Abade Dos Santos; Carina L. Carvalho; Andreia Pinto; Ranjit Rai; Madalena Monteiro; Paulo Carvalho; Paula Mendonça; Maria C. Peleteiro; Francisco Parra; Margarida D. Duarte. Detection of Recombinant Hare Myxoma Virus in Wild Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus algirus). 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Fábio A. Abade Dos Santos, Carina L. Carvalho, Andreia Pinto, Ranjit Rai, Madalena Monteiro, Paulo Carvalho, Paula Mendonça, Maria C. Peleteiro, Francisco Parra, Margarida D. Duarte. Detection of Recombinant Hare Myxoma Virus in Wild Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus algirus). . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fábio A. Abade Dos Santos; Carina L. Carvalho; Andreia Pinto; Ranjit Rai; Madalena Monteiro; Paulo Carvalho; Paula Mendonça; Maria C. Peleteiro; Francisco Parra; Margarida D. Duarte. 2020. "Detection of Recombinant Hare Myxoma Virus in Wild Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus algirus)." , no. : 1.

Preprint content
Published: 09 September 2020
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Myxomatosis is an emergent disease in Iberian hare, having been considered a rabbit disease for decades. Genome sequencing of the strains obtained from affected Iberian hares showed to be distinct from the classical strains that circulated in rabbits since the virus introduction in Europe, in 1952. The main genomic difference concerns the presence of an additional 2.8Kb region disrupting the M009L gene and adding a set of genes with homology to the MYXV genes M060R, M061, M064 and M065R originated in poxviruses. After the emergence of this recombinant virus (MYXV-Tol or ha-MYXV), in the summer of 2019, the recombinant MYXV was not detected in rabbit surveys suggesting apparent species segregation with the MYXV classic strains persistently circulating in rabbits. Recently, a group of six unvaccinated European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus) from a backyard rabbitry in the South Portugal, developed signs of myxomatosis (anorexia, dyspnoea, oedema of eyelids, head, ears, external genitals and anus, and skin myxomas in the base of the ears), five of them dying within 24-48 hours of symptoms onset. Molecular analysis revealed that only the recombinant myxoma virus was present. This is the first documented report of a recombinant myxoma virus (ha-MYXV) in farm rabbits associated with high mortality, which aggravates the concern for the future of the Iberian hare and wild rabbits and the safety of the rabbit industry against which the existing vaccines may not be fully protective.

ACS Style

Fábio A. Abade Dos Santos; Carina Carvalho; Madalena Monteiro; Paulo Carvalho; Paula Mendon A; M. Conceição Peleteiro; Margarida Duarte. Recombinant myxoma virus infection associated with high mortality in rabbit farming (Oryctolagus cuniculus). 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Fábio A. Abade Dos Santos, Carina Carvalho, Madalena Monteiro, Paulo Carvalho, Paula Mendon A, M. Conceição Peleteiro, Margarida Duarte. Recombinant myxoma virus infection associated with high mortality in rabbit farming (Oryctolagus cuniculus). . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fábio A. Abade Dos Santos; Carina Carvalho; Madalena Monteiro; Paulo Carvalho; Paula Mendon A; M. Conceição Peleteiro; Margarida Duarte. 2020. "Recombinant myxoma virus infection associated with high mortality in rabbit farming (Oryctolagus cuniculus)." , no. : 1.

Research article
Published: 17 April 2020 in PLOS ONE
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During the necropsies of Iberian hares obtained in 2018/2019, along with signs of the nodular form of myxomatosis, other unexpected external lesions were also observed. Histopathology revealed nuclear inclusion bodies in stromal cells suggesting the additional presence of a nuclear replicating virus. Transmission electron microscopy further demonstrated the presence of herpesvirus particles in the tissues of affected hares. We confirmed the presence of herpesvirus in 13 MYXV-positive hares by PCR and sequencing analysis. Herpesvirus-DNA was also detected in seven healthy hares, suggesting its asymptomatic circulation. Phylogenetic analysis based on concatenated partial sequences of DNA polymerase gene and glycoprotein B gene enabled greater resolution than analysing the sequences individually. The hare’ virus was classified close to herpesviruses from rodents within the Rhadinovirus genus of the gammaherpesvirus subfamily. We propose to name this new virus Leporid gammaherpesvirus 5 (LeHV-5), according to the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses standards. The impact of herpesvirus infection on the reproduction and mortality of the Iberian hare is yet unknown but may aggravate the decline of wild populations caused by the recently emerged natural recombinant myxoma virus.

ACS Style

F. A. Abade Dos Santos; M. Monteiro; Andreia Pinto; C. L. Carvalho; M. C. Peleteiro; P. Carvalho; P. Mendonça; T. Carvalho; Margarida Duarte. First description of a herpesvirus infection in genus Lepus. PLOS ONE 2020, 15, e0231795 .

AMA Style

F. A. Abade Dos Santos, M. Monteiro, Andreia Pinto, C. L. Carvalho, M. C. Peleteiro, P. Carvalho, P. Mendonça, T. Carvalho, Margarida Duarte. First description of a herpesvirus infection in genus Lepus. PLOS ONE. 2020; 15 (4):e0231795.

Chicago/Turabian Style

F. A. Abade Dos Santos; M. Monteiro; Andreia Pinto; C. L. Carvalho; M. C. Peleteiro; P. Carvalho; P. Mendonça; T. Carvalho; Margarida Duarte. 2020. "First description of a herpesvirus infection in genus Lepus." PLOS ONE 15, no. 4: e0231795.

Wildlife
Published: 12 April 2020 in Veterinary Record Case Reports
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Myxomatosis was detected in Iberian hares (Lepus granatensis) in Portugal, October 2018, following its emergence in Spain 3 months earlier. Here, we describe the epidemiological, molecular and anatomo-histopathological data of the first two cases. Myxoma virus DNA was detected in the eyelids, nose and perineal region in both hares. It was also detected in the lungs of hare 1 and in the spleen and liver of hare 2. The genomic insertion identified in strains from Spain was confirmed in both strains suggesting a common origin for the Iberian viruses. Gross lesions in hare 1 included palpebral oedema and conjunctival mucopurulent discharge, common in both forms of the disease in rabbits. Hare 2 presented eyelid thickening with small diffuse nodules. Histopathology of the eyelids showed extracellular myxoid matrix in hare 1 and purulent dermatitis in hare 2. Both animals exhibited good body condition, suggesting a short course of the disease and higher virulence of the virus towards the Iberian hare.

ACS Style

Carina Luísa Carvalho; Fábio Alexandre Abade Dos Santos; Madelena Monteiro; Paulo Carvalho; Paula Mendonça; Margarida Dias Duarte. First cases of myxomatosis in Iberian hares ( Lepus granatensis ) in Portugal. Veterinary Record Case Reports 2020, 8, e001044 .

AMA Style

Carina Luísa Carvalho, Fábio Alexandre Abade Dos Santos, Madelena Monteiro, Paulo Carvalho, Paula Mendonça, Margarida Dias Duarte. First cases of myxomatosis in Iberian hares ( Lepus granatensis ) in Portugal. Veterinary Record Case Reports. 2020; 8 (2):e001044.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carina Luísa Carvalho; Fábio Alexandre Abade Dos Santos; Madelena Monteiro; Paulo Carvalho; Paula Mendonça; Margarida Dias Duarte. 2020. "First cases of myxomatosis in Iberian hares ( Lepus granatensis ) in Portugal." Veterinary Record Case Reports 8, no. 2: e001044.

Research article
Published: 27 February 2020 in Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture
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BACKGROUND The study tested the hypothesis that habitat and sex influence the composition of meat lipid fraction. Therefore, this study aims to characterize the effects of habitat and sex on feral fallow deer (Dama dama) tenderloin (psoas major muscle) intramuscular fat composition. RESULTS Fallow deer meat from the Atlantic forest presented higher total cholesterol and total monounsaturated fatty acids contents, while fallow deer meat from Montado presented significantly higher proportion of total branched chain fatty acids, n‐6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and dimethyl acetals. Regarding the sex influence on meat's fatty acid composition, it was observed that female fallow deer displayed higher contents of total saturated fatty acids than their male counterparts. CONCLUSION Independently of the habitat the feral fallow deer's meat can be classified as extra lean. However, the high peroxidability index and the low total vitamin E content suggests that it is prone to lipid peroxidation. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

ACS Style

Inês Almeida Mexia; Mário Alexandre Gonçalves Quaresma; Margarida Cyrne Pacheco Coimbra; Fábio Abade dos Santos; Susana Paula Almeida Alves; Rui José Branquinho Bessa; Irene Cristina Antunes. The influence of habitat and sex on feral fallow deer meat lipid fraction. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 2020, 100, 3220 -3227.

AMA Style

Inês Almeida Mexia, Mário Alexandre Gonçalves Quaresma, Margarida Cyrne Pacheco Coimbra, Fábio Abade dos Santos, Susana Paula Almeida Alves, Rui José Branquinho Bessa, Irene Cristina Antunes. The influence of habitat and sex on feral fallow deer meat lipid fraction. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 2020; 100 (7):3220-3227.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Inês Almeida Mexia; Mário Alexandre Gonçalves Quaresma; Margarida Cyrne Pacheco Coimbra; Fábio Abade dos Santos; Susana Paula Almeida Alves; Rui José Branquinho Bessa; Irene Cristina Antunes. 2020. "The influence of habitat and sex on feral fallow deer meat lipid fraction." Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 100, no. 7: 3220-3227.

Wildlife
Published: 01 February 2020 in Veterinary Record Case Reports
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Myxoma virus (MYXV) and rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus 2 (RHDV2) are two major pathogens that affect the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Between August 2017 and August 2019, 1166 wild rabbits (971 legally hunted and 195 found dead) were tested by PCR-based methods for MYXV and RHDV2 within the scope of an ongoing surveillance programme on wild leporids in Portugal. Despite never having been reported before and being considered a rare event, coinfection by RHDV2 and MYXV was detected in one juvenile wild rabbit found dead in the Évora district located in Alentejo. The relative frequency of coinfection in the group of diseased rabbits (found dead in the field) was 0.52 per cent (1/195). The positivity percentage of each single virus was much higher, namely, 14.36 per cent (28/195) for MYXV and 55.38 per cent (108/195) for RHDV2, within the 2 years of sample collection considered.

ACS Style

Carina Luisa Carvalho; Fábio Alexandre Abade Dos Santos; Teresa Fagulha; Paulo Carvalho; Paula Mendonça; Madalena Monteiro; Margarida Dias Duarte. Myxoma virus and rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus 2 coinfection in a European wild rabbit ( Oryctolagus cuniculus algirus ), Portugal. Veterinary Record Case Reports 2020, 8, e001002 .

AMA Style

Carina Luisa Carvalho, Fábio Alexandre Abade Dos Santos, Teresa Fagulha, Paulo Carvalho, Paula Mendonça, Madalena Monteiro, Margarida Dias Duarte. Myxoma virus and rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus 2 coinfection in a European wild rabbit ( Oryctolagus cuniculus algirus ), Portugal. Veterinary Record Case Reports. 2020; 8 (1):e001002.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carina Luisa Carvalho; Fábio Alexandre Abade Dos Santos; Teresa Fagulha; Paulo Carvalho; Paula Mendonça; Madalena Monteiro; Margarida Dias Duarte. 2020. "Myxoma virus and rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus 2 coinfection in a European wild rabbit ( Oryctolagus cuniculus algirus ), Portugal." Veterinary Record Case Reports 8, no. 1: e001002.

Preprint content
Published: 23 January 2020
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During the necropsies of Iberian hares obtained in 2018/2019, along with signs of the nodular form of myxomatosis, other unexpected external lesions were also observed. Histopathology revealed nuclear inclusion bodies in stromal cells suggesting the additional presence of a nuclear replicating virus.Transmission electron microscopy further demonstrated the presence of herpesvirus particles in the tissues of affected hares.We confirmed the presence of herpesvirus in 13 MYXV-positive hares by PCR and sequencing analysis. Herpesvirus-DNA was also detected in seven healthy hares, suggesting its asymptomatic circulation.Phylogenetic analysis based on DNA polymerase gene, grouped this virus within the gammaherpesviruses, close to herpesviruses from bats and rodents.We propose to name this new virus Leporid gammaherpesvirus 5 (LeHV-5), according to the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses standards.The impact of herpesvirus infection on the reproduction and mortality of the Iberian hare is yet unknown but may aggravate the decline of wild populations caused by the recently emerged natural recombinant myxoma virus.

ACS Style

F.A. Abade Dos Santos; Madalena Monteiro; Andreia Pinto; Carina L. Carvalho; M. C. Peleteiro; Paulo Carvalho; Paula Mendonça; Tânia Carvalho; Margarida D. Duarte. First description of a herpesvirus infection in genus Lepus. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

F.A. Abade Dos Santos, Madalena Monteiro, Andreia Pinto, Carina L. Carvalho, M. C. Peleteiro, Paulo Carvalho, Paula Mendonça, Tânia Carvalho, Margarida D. Duarte. First description of a herpesvirus infection in genus Lepus. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

F.A. Abade Dos Santos; Madalena Monteiro; Andreia Pinto; Carina L. Carvalho; M. C. Peleteiro; Paulo Carvalho; Paula Mendonça; Tânia Carvalho; Margarida D. Duarte. 2020. "First description of a herpesvirus infection in genus Lepus." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2019 in Wildlife Biology
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The European wild rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus (Linnaeus 1758) is a small herbivorous mammal belonging to the Leporidae family of the Lagomorpha order whose main morphologic, biologic and physiologic characteristics are summarized in Table 1.

ACS Style

Fabio A. Abade Dos Santos; Carina L. Carvalho; M. Conceição Peleteiro; Sofia I. Gabriel; Rui Patrício; João Carvalho; Monica V. Cunha; Margarida Duarte. Blood collection from the external jugular vein of Oryctolagus cuniculus algirus sedated with midazolam: live sampling of a subspecies at risk. Wildlife Biology 2019, 2019, 1 .

AMA Style

Fabio A. Abade Dos Santos, Carina L. Carvalho, M. Conceição Peleteiro, Sofia I. Gabriel, Rui Patrício, João Carvalho, Monica V. Cunha, Margarida Duarte. Blood collection from the external jugular vein of Oryctolagus cuniculus algirus sedated with midazolam: live sampling of a subspecies at risk. Wildlife Biology. 2019; 2019 (1):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fabio A. Abade Dos Santos; Carina L. Carvalho; M. Conceição Peleteiro; Sofia I. Gabriel; Rui Patrício; João Carvalho; Monica V. Cunha; Margarida Duarte. 2019. "Blood collection from the external jugular vein of Oryctolagus cuniculus algirus sedated with midazolam: live sampling of a subspecies at risk." Wildlife Biology 2019, no. 1: 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2019 in Poultry Science
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The red-legged partridge (Alectoris rufa) is a feathered game species of great socioeconomic importance in its native range and also in the UK. The aim of this study was to present a detailed comparison of meat's lipid fraction obtained from wild and farm-raised specimens and simultaneously compare the breast and leg meat portions. Meat from wild specimens had a significant (P < 0.05) lower proportion of saturated fatty acid (less 5.1%) and presented better P/S and n-6/n-3 ratios, and atherogenicity index than farm-raised counterparts. The wild specimens presented significant (P < 0.001) higher contents of total vitamin E (8.8 vs. 2.2 μg/g of fresh meat), is for that reason less prone to lipid peroxidation than farm-raised specimens. Meat portions differed significantly (P < 0.05) on total lipid and total cholesterol contents and in all partial sums of fatty acids. The breast was leaner (0.86 vs. 1.47 g/100 g of meat), with lower total cholesterol (37.5 vs. 54.7 mg/100 g of meat), lower saturated fatty acid, monounsaturated fatty acid, polyunsaturated fatty acid, and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (less 0.27, 0.28, 0.10, and 0.11 g/100 g of fresh meat, correspondingly). Regarding the fatty acid ratios and lipid quality indexes, breast meat presents better n-6/n-3 ratio and atherogenicity and thrombogenicity indexes.

ACS Style

I.C. Antunes; M.C.P. Coimbra; A.P. Ribeiro; J.D. Ferreira; F. Abade dos Santos; S.P. Alves; R.J.B. Bessa; M.A.G. Quaresma. Nutritional value of meat lipid fraction from red-legged partridge (Alectoris rufa) obtained from wild and farmed specimens. Poultry Science 2019, 98, 1037 -1046.

AMA Style

I.C. Antunes, M.C.P. Coimbra, A.P. Ribeiro, J.D. Ferreira, F. Abade dos Santos, S.P. Alves, R.J.B. Bessa, M.A.G. Quaresma. Nutritional value of meat lipid fraction from red-legged partridge (Alectoris rufa) obtained from wild and farmed specimens. Poultry Science. 2019; 98 (2):1037-1046.

Chicago/Turabian Style

I.C. Antunes; M.C.P. Coimbra; A.P. Ribeiro; J.D. Ferreira; F. Abade dos Santos; S.P. Alves; R.J.B. Bessa; M.A.G. Quaresma. 2019. "Nutritional value of meat lipid fraction from red-legged partridge (Alectoris rufa) obtained from wild and farmed specimens." Poultry Science 98, no. 2: 1037-1046.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2018 in Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery
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David Faustino Ângelo; Pedro Morouço; Florencio Monje Gil; Lisete Mónico; Raúl González-Gárcia; Rita Sousa; Lia Neto; Inês Caldeira; Margaret Smith; Susan Smith; David Sanz; Fábio Abade dos Santos; Mário Pinho; Belmira Carrapiço; Sandra Cavaco; Carla Moura; Nuno Alves; Francisco Salvado; Christopher Little. Preclinical randomized controlled trial of bilateral discectomy versus bilateral discopexy in Black Merino sheep temporomandibular joint: TEMPOJIMS – Phase 1- histologic, imaging and body weight results. Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery 2018, 46, 688 -696.

AMA Style

David Faustino Ângelo, Pedro Morouço, Florencio Monje Gil, Lisete Mónico, Raúl González-Gárcia, Rita Sousa, Lia Neto, Inês Caldeira, Margaret Smith, Susan Smith, David Sanz, Fábio Abade dos Santos, Mário Pinho, Belmira Carrapiço, Sandra Cavaco, Carla Moura, Nuno Alves, Francisco Salvado, Christopher Little. Preclinical randomized controlled trial of bilateral discectomy versus bilateral discopexy in Black Merino sheep temporomandibular joint: TEMPOJIMS – Phase 1- histologic, imaging and body weight results. Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery. 2018; 46 (4):688-696.

Chicago/Turabian Style

David Faustino Ângelo; Pedro Morouço; Florencio Monje Gil; Lisete Mónico; Raúl González-Gárcia; Rita Sousa; Lia Neto; Inês Caldeira; Margaret Smith; Susan Smith; David Sanz; Fábio Abade dos Santos; Mário Pinho; Belmira Carrapiço; Sandra Cavaco; Carla Moura; Nuno Alves; Francisco Salvado; Christopher Little. 2018. "Preclinical randomized controlled trial of bilateral discectomy versus bilateral discopexy in Black Merino sheep temporomandibular joint: TEMPOJIMS – Phase 1- histologic, imaging and body weight results." Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery 46, no. 4: 688-696.

Journal article
Published: 15 November 2017 in BMC Veterinary Research
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In the regular wildlife monitoring action carried out in the summer of the past few years at the Berlenga Island, wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) have been repeatedly found dead. However, the origin of those deaths was never investigated. Our aim was to investigate the cause of death of 11 rabbits collected between April and May 2016. While screening samples from rabbit carcasses for the major viral rabbit pathogens, five tested positive to RHDV2 but all were negative for RHDV and myxoma virus (MYXV). For six RHDV2-negative specimens, emaciation and parasitism were considered the most probable cause of death. Lesions identified in the RHDV2-positive rabbits included non-suppurative diffuse hepatic necrosis and pulmonary lesions varying from congestion and oedema of the lungs to interstitial pneumonia. Sequencing analysis of the vp60 gene obtained from two specimens showed identical vp60 sequences. Comparison with other known RHDV2 strains from public databases through BLAST analysis revealed a closer similarity with strains from Alentejo collected during 2013. Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic analysis showed that the 2016 strains from the archipelago have a higher resemblance with a group of strains mostly collected in the South of Portugal between 2013 and 2014. The results suggest that RHDV2 may have been introduced on the Berlenga Island a few years ago, having evolved separately from mainland strains due to insularity.

ACS Style

F.A. Abade Dos Santos; C. Carvalho; Oliveira Nuno; J. J. Correia; M. Henriques; M. C. Peleteiro; M. Fevereiro; M. D. Duarte. Detection of rabbit Haemorrhagic disease virus 2 during the wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) eradication from the Berlengas archipelago, Portugal. BMC Veterinary Research 2017, 13, 336 .

AMA Style

F.A. Abade Dos Santos, C. Carvalho, Oliveira Nuno, J. J. Correia, M. Henriques, M. C. Peleteiro, M. Fevereiro, M. D. Duarte. Detection of rabbit Haemorrhagic disease virus 2 during the wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) eradication from the Berlengas archipelago, Portugal. BMC Veterinary Research. 2017; 13 (1):336.

Chicago/Turabian Style

F.A. Abade Dos Santos; C. Carvalho; Oliveira Nuno; J. J. Correia; M. Henriques; M. C. Peleteiro; M. Fevereiro; M. D. Duarte. 2017. "Detection of rabbit Haemorrhagic disease virus 2 during the wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) eradication from the Berlengas archipelago, Portugal." BMC Veterinary Research 13, no. 1: 336.

Journal article
Published: 02 March 2017 in JMIR Research Protocols
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Preclinical trials are essential to test efficacious options to substitute the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disk. The contemporary absence of an ideal treatment for patients with severe TMJ disorders can be related to difficulties concerning the appropriate study design to conduct preclinical trials in the TMJ field. These difficulties can be associated with the use of heterogeneous animal models, the use of the contralateral TMJ as control, the absence of rigorous randomized controlled preclinical trials with blinded outcomes assessors, and difficulties involving multidisciplinary teams. This study aims to develop a new, reproducible, and effective study design for preclinical research in the TMJ domain, obtaining rigorous data related to (1) identify the impact of bilateral discectomy in black Merino sheep, (2) identify the impact of bilateral discopexy in black Merino sheep, and (3) identify the impact of three different bioengineering TMJ discs in black Merino sheep. A two-phase exploratory randomized controlled preclinical trial with blinded outcomes is proposed. In the first phase, nine sheep are randomized into three different surgical bilateral procedures: bilateral discectomy, bilateral discopexy, and sham surgery. In the second phase, nine sheep are randomized to bilaterally test three different TMJ bioengineering disk implants. The primary outcome is the histological gradation of TMJ. Secondary outcomes are imaging changes, absolute masticatory time, ruminant time per cycle, ruminant kinetics, ruminant area, and sheep weight. Previous preclinical studies in this field have used the contralateral unoperated side as a control, different animal models ranging from mice to a canine model, with nonrandomized, nonblinded and uncontrolled study designs and limited outcomes measures. The main goal of this exploratory preclinical protocol is to set a new standard for future preclinical trials in oromaxillofacial surgery, particularly in the TMJ field, by proposing a rigorous design in black Merino sheep. The authors also intend to test the feasibility of pilot outcomes. The authors expect to increase the quality of further studies in this field and to progress in future treatment options for patients undergoing surgery for TMJ disk replacement. The study has commenced, but it is too early to provide results or conclusions.

ACS Style

David Faustino Ângelo; Florencio Gil Monje; Raúl González-García; Christopher B Little; Lisete Mónico; Mário Pinho; Fábio Abade Santos; Belmira Carrapiço; Sandra Cavaco Gonçalves; Pedro Morouço; Nuno Alves; Carla Moura; Yadong Wang; Eric Jeffries; Jin Gao; Rita Sousa; Lia Lucas Neto; Daniel Caldeira; Francisco Salvado. Bioengineered Temporomandibular Joint Disk Implants: Study Protocol for a Two-Phase Exploratory Randomized Preclinical Pilot Trial in 18 Black Merino Sheep (TEMPOJIMS). JMIR Research Protocols 2017, 6, e37 .

AMA Style

David Faustino Ângelo, Florencio Gil Monje, Raúl González-García, Christopher B Little, Lisete Mónico, Mário Pinho, Fábio Abade Santos, Belmira Carrapiço, Sandra Cavaco Gonçalves, Pedro Morouço, Nuno Alves, Carla Moura, Yadong Wang, Eric Jeffries, Jin Gao, Rita Sousa, Lia Lucas Neto, Daniel Caldeira, Francisco Salvado. Bioengineered Temporomandibular Joint Disk Implants: Study Protocol for a Two-Phase Exploratory Randomized Preclinical Pilot Trial in 18 Black Merino Sheep (TEMPOJIMS). JMIR Research Protocols. 2017; 6 (3):e37.

Chicago/Turabian Style

David Faustino Ângelo; Florencio Gil Monje; Raúl González-García; Christopher B Little; Lisete Mónico; Mário Pinho; Fábio Abade Santos; Belmira Carrapiço; Sandra Cavaco Gonçalves; Pedro Morouço; Nuno Alves; Carla Moura; Yadong Wang; Eric Jeffries; Jin Gao; Rita Sousa; Lia Lucas Neto; Daniel Caldeira; Francisco Salvado. 2017. "Bioengineered Temporomandibular Joint Disk Implants: Study Protocol for a Two-Phase Exploratory Randomized Preclinical Pilot Trial in 18 Black Merino Sheep (TEMPOJIMS)." JMIR Research Protocols 6, no. 3: e37.

Journal article
Published: 20 July 2016 in Morphologie
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Preclinical trials are essential to the development of scientific technologies. Remarkable molecular and cellular research has been done using small animal models. However, significant differences exist regarding the articular behavior between these models and humans. Thus, large animal models may be more appropriate to perform trials involving the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The aim of this work was to make a morphological (anatomic dissection and white light 3D scanning system), histological (TMJ in bloc was removed for histologic analysis) and biomechanical characterization (tension and compression tests) of sheep TMJ comparing the obtained results with human data. Results showed that sheep processus condylaris and fossa mandibularis are anatomically similar to the same human structures. TMJ disc has an elliptical perimeter, thinner in the center than in periphery. Peripheral area acts as a ring structure supporting the central zone. The disc cells display both fibroblast and chondrocyte-like morphology. Marginal area is formed by loose connective tissue, with some chondrocyte-like cells and collagen fibers in diverse orientations. Discs obtained a tensile modulus of 3.97 ± 0.73 MPa and 9.39 ± 1.67 MPa, for anteroposterior and mediolateral assessment. The TMJ discs presented a compressive modulus (E) of 446.41 ± 5.16 MPa and their maximum stress value (σmax) was 18.87 ± 1.33 MPa. Obtained results suggest that these animals should be considered as a prime model for TMJ research and procedural training. Further investigations in the field of oromaxillofacial surgery involving TMJ should consider sheep as a good animal model due to its resemblance of the same joint in humans. Les essais précliniques sont essentiels pour le développement des technologies scientifiques. Des recherches moléculaires et cellulaires remarquables ont été réalisées sur de petits modèles animaux. Toutefois, des différences significatives existent en ce qui concerne le comportement articulaire entre ces modèles et l’Homme. Ainsi, les modèles de gros animaux peuvent être plus appropriés pour effectuer des essais concernant l’articulation temporomandibulaire (ATM). Le but de ce travail était de faire une description morphologique (dissection anatomique et imagerie photonique 3D), histologique (ATM en bloc a été prélevée) et biomécanique (tests de traction et de compression) sur des ATM de mouton en comparant les résultats obtenus avec les données connues chez l’Homme. Les résultats ont montré que le processus condylaris et la fossa mandibularis sont anatomiquement semblables aux structures humaines. Le disque de l’ATM présente un périmètre elliptique, plus mince au centre que dans la périphérie. La zone périphérique agit comme une structure annulaire de support de la zone centrale. Les cellules du disque ont un aspect à la fois fibroblastique et chondrocytaire. La zone marginale est formée par un tissu conjonctif lâche, avec quelques cellules chondroïdes et des fibres de collagène dans diverses orientations. Les disques avaient un module de traction de 3,97 ± 0,73 MPa et de 9,39 ± 1,67 MPa pour les mesures en antéropostérieur et en médiolatéral. Les disques ATM avaient un module en compression (E) de 446,41 ± 5,16 MPa et leur valeur en contrainte maximale (σmax) était de 18,87 ± 1,33 MPa. Les résultats obtenus suggèrent que ces animaux peuvent être considérés comme un modèle de choix pour les recherches sur l’ATM. D’autres études dans le domaine de la chirurgie oro-maxillofaciale impliquant l’ATM pourraient envisager le mouton comme un bon modèle animal en raison de sa ressemblance avec l’ATM humaine.

ACS Style

D.F. Angelo; P. Morouço; Nuno Alves; T. Viana; F. Santos; R. González; Florencio Monje; D. Macias; B. Carrapiço; R. Sousa; S. Cavaco-Gonçalves; F. Salvado; C. Peleteiro; Mário Pinho. Choosing sheep (Ovis aries) as animal model for temporomandibular joint research: Morphological, histological and biomechanical characterization of the joint disc. Morphologie 2016, 100, 223 -233.

AMA Style

D.F. Angelo, P. Morouço, Nuno Alves, T. Viana, F. Santos, R. González, Florencio Monje, D. Macias, B. Carrapiço, R. Sousa, S. Cavaco-Gonçalves, F. Salvado, C. Peleteiro, Mário Pinho. Choosing sheep (Ovis aries) as animal model for temporomandibular joint research: Morphological, histological and biomechanical characterization of the joint disc. Morphologie. 2016; 100 (331):223-233.

Chicago/Turabian Style

D.F. Angelo; P. Morouço; Nuno Alves; T. Viana; F. Santos; R. González; Florencio Monje; D. Macias; B. Carrapiço; R. Sousa; S. Cavaco-Gonçalves; F. Salvado; C. Peleteiro; Mário Pinho. 2016. "Choosing sheep (Ovis aries) as animal model for temporomandibular joint research: Morphological, histological and biomechanical characterization of the joint disc." Morphologie 100, no. 331: 223-233.