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Dr. Szymon Chmielewski
Department of Grassland and Landscape Studies, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland

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0 Citizen Science
0 Crowdsourcing
0 Land Use Planning
0 Landscape Ecology
0 Geodesign

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Visual landscape

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Journal article
Published: 22 January 2021 in ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information
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Crowdsourcing is one of the spatial data sources, but due to its unstructured form, the quality of noisy crowd judgments is a challenge. In this study, we address the problem of detecting and removing crowdsourced data bias as a prerequisite for better-quality open-data output. This study aims to find the most robust data quality assurance system (QAs). To achieve this goal, we design logic-based QAs variants and test them on the air quality crowdsourcing database. By extending the paradigm of urban air pollution monitoring from particulate matter concentration levels to air-quality-related health symptom load, the study also builds a new perspective for citizen science (CS) air quality monitoring. The method includes the geospatial web (GeoWeb) platform as well as a QAs based on conditional statements. A four-month crowdsourcing campaign resulted in 1823 outdoor reports, with a rejection rate of up to 28%, depending on the applied. The focus of this study was not on digital sensors’ validation but on eliminating logically inconsistent surveys and technologically incorrect objects. As the QAs effectiveness may depend on the location and society structure, that opens up new cross-border opportunities for replication of the research in other geographical conditions.

ACS Style

Marta Samulowska; Szymon Chmielewski; Edwin Raczko; Michał Lupa; Dorota Myszkowska; Bogdan Zagajewski. Crowdsourcing without Data Bias: Building a Quality Assurance System for Air Pollution Symptom Mapping. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 2021, 10, 46 .

AMA Style

Marta Samulowska, Szymon Chmielewski, Edwin Raczko, Michał Lupa, Dorota Myszkowska, Bogdan Zagajewski. Crowdsourcing without Data Bias: Building a Quality Assurance System for Air Pollution Symptom Mapping. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. 2021; 10 (2):46.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marta Samulowska; Szymon Chmielewski; Edwin Raczko; Michał Lupa; Dorota Myszkowska; Bogdan Zagajewski. 2021. "Crowdsourcing without Data Bias: Building a Quality Assurance System for Air Pollution Symptom Mapping." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 2: 46.

Journal article
Published: 12 December 2020 in Land
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Visual pollution (VP) in the form of outdoor advertisements (OA) is a threat to landscape physiognomy. Despite their proven usefulness in landscape aesthetic studies, landscape metrics have not yet been applied to address the phenomenon of VP. To fill this knowledge gap, a methodological framework for the measurement of VP using tangential view landscape metrics is proposed, which is accompanied by statistically significant proofs. Raster products derived from aerial laser scanning data were used to characterize two study areas with different topographic conditions in the city of Lublin, East Poland. The visibility of the cityscape in motion was simulated through viewshed measurements taken at equal intervals in the forwards and backwards directions along pedestrian walkways. The scrutinized tangential view landscape metrics (visible area, maximum visible distance, skyline, Shannon depth, view depth line) was the object of a two-fold interpretation wherein the spatial occurrence of VP as well as its impacts on the visual landscape character (VLC) were examined. The visible area metrics were found to be highly sensitive VP indicators. The maximum visible distance metrics provided evidence for the destructive effect of OA on view corridors. The Shannon depth and depth line metrics were not found to be statistically significant indicators of VP. Results from directional viewshed modelling indicate that distortion in the analyzed cityscape physiognomy depends on the view direction. The findings allow for particular recommendations with practical implementations in land use planning, which are discussed along with limitations to our proposed methods.

ACS Style

Szymon Chmielewski. Chaos in Motion: Measuring Visual Pollution with Tangential View Landscape Metrics. Land 2020, 9, 515 .

AMA Style

Szymon Chmielewski. Chaos in Motion: Measuring Visual Pollution with Tangential View Landscape Metrics. Land. 2020; 9 (12):515.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Szymon Chmielewski. 2020. "Chaos in Motion: Measuring Visual Pollution with Tangential View Landscape Metrics." Land 9, no. 12: 515.

Journal article
Published: 27 August 2020 in Remote Sensing
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Geographic object-based image analysis (GEOBIA) is a primary remote sensing tool utilized in land-cover mapping and change detection. Land-cover patches are the primary data source for landscape metrics and ecological indicator calculations; however, their application to visual landscape character (VLC) indicators was little investigated to date. To bridge the knowledge gap between GEOBIA and VLC, this paper puts forward the theoretical concept of using viewpoint as a landscape imageability indicator into the practice of a multi-temporal land-cover case study and explains how to interpret the indicator. The study extends the application of GEOBIA to visual landscape indicator calculations. In doing so, eight different remote sensing imageries are the object of GEOBIA, starting from a historical aerial photograph (1957) and CORONA declassified scene (1965) to contemporary (2018) UAV-delivered imagery. The multi-temporal GEOBIA-delivered land-cover patches are utilized to find the minimal isovist set of viewpoints and to calculate three imageability indicators: the number, density, and spacing of viewpoints. The calculated indicator values, viewpoint rank, and spatial arrangements allow us to describe the scale, direction, rate, and reasons for VLC changes over the analyzed 60 years of landscape evolution. We found that the case study nature reserve (“Kózki”, Poland) landscape imageability transformed from visually impressive openness to imageability due to the impression of several landscape rooms enclosed by forest walls. Our results provide proof that the number, rank, and spatial arrangement of viewpoints constitute landscape imageability measured with the proposed indicators. Discussing the method’s technical limitations, we believe that our findings contribute to a better understanding of land-cover change impact on visual landscape structure dynamics and further VLC indicator development.

ACS Style

Szymon Chmielewski; Andrzej Bochniak; Asya Natapov; Piotr Wężyk. Introducing GEOBIA to Landscape Imageability Assessment: A Multi-Temporal Case Study of the Nature Reserve “Kózki”, Poland. Remote Sensing 2020, 12, 2792 .

AMA Style

Szymon Chmielewski, Andrzej Bochniak, Asya Natapov, Piotr Wężyk. Introducing GEOBIA to Landscape Imageability Assessment: A Multi-Temporal Case Study of the Nature Reserve “Kózki”, Poland. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12 (17):2792.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Szymon Chmielewski; Andrzej Bochniak; Asya Natapov; Piotr Wężyk. 2020. "Introducing GEOBIA to Landscape Imageability Assessment: A Multi-Temporal Case Study of the Nature Reserve “Kózki”, Poland." Remote Sensing 12, no. 17: 2792.

Journal article
Published: 11 October 2019 in Przegląd Geograficzny
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The human species transforms the landscape to meet its needs, but landscape resources and valuable features at the same time affect wellbeing in the context of human activity. In these mutually conditioned interactions, two processes playing a key role are the so-called landscape perception and landscape projection. This article presents: (1) a review of theories playing a key role in the development of knowledge on landscape perception; (2) the basis for landscape projection as a logical and creative continuation of perception processes; (3) an outline of the theory of physiognomic landscape structure and of possibilities for it to gain practical application; (4) the results of the first Polish research into the public’s expectations where quality of the landscape is concerned. Perception of the landscape entails the receipt of stimuli from surrounding space with the help of the senses. It serves primarily in knowledge-based transformation of landscape systems, in a manner that meets ever-more exacting requirements on the part of society when it comes to living in an environment of the highest quality. Only a little scientific work has been devoted to the process of landscape projection. This is therefore a new research field, just opening up, which has the potential to give rise to a group of space-projection theories.

ACS Style

Tadeusz Jan Chmielewski; Szymon Chmielewski; Agnieszka Kułak. Percepcja i projekcja krajobrazu: teorie, zastosowania, oczekiwania = Perception and projection of the landscape: theories, applications, expectations. Przegląd Geograficzny 2019, 91, 365 -384.

AMA Style

Tadeusz Jan Chmielewski, Szymon Chmielewski, Agnieszka Kułak. Percepcja i projekcja krajobrazu: teorie, zastosowania, oczekiwania = Perception and projection of the landscape: theories, applications, expectations. Przegląd Geograficzny. 2019; 91 (3):365-384.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tadeusz Jan Chmielewski; Szymon Chmielewski; Agnieszka Kułak. 2019. "Percepcja i projekcja krajobrazu: teorie, zastosowania, oczekiwania = Perception and projection of the landscape: theories, applications, expectations." Przegląd Geograficzny 91, no. 3: 365-384.

Humic substances in the environment
Published: 09 February 2018 in Journal of Soils and Sediments
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The aim of this study was to determine the mutual relations between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) originated from atmospheric emissions and enzymatic activity and humic substances in soils at differently urbanized area, on an example of the Lublin city, east Poland. The chosen areas represented three differently urbanized environments: old tenement houses and modern residential blocks, mixture of different building and rural landscape, and typical rural environment with smallholding farms, respectively. On each of the urban, suburban, and rural areas, one representative plot was chosen on fallow lands classified as luvisol derived from loess. The soil samples were collected from the top 25 cm layer. The following properties were determined: pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen, humic and fulvic acids, PAHs content (14 PAHs from US EPA list), and the activities of the following enzymes: dehydrogenases, acid phosphatase, alkane phosphatase, protease, and urease. Higher contents of organic C and total N were found in the rural soil samples. The share of humic acid was similar in all soils investigated, ranging from 19.38 to 25.27%, while fulvic acid values differ significantly between urban and rural areas. The urban soils indicated much lower share of fulvic acids (9.78–10.99%) than those of rural (29.02–29.32%). Consequently, the values of the CHA:CFA ratio of the urban soil were approximately two times higher than those of the rural soil. The results showed that both the rate of humification and the activity of dehydrogenases, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and proteases in the soils increased in the following sequence: urban < suburban < rural. The results showed that an increase of PAHs in the urbanized areas affect other soil properties. The phenanthrene/anthracene and fluoranthene/pyrene ratios pointed to coal combustion as the principal source of PAHs in the investigated soils. The PAH content in the urbanized area inhibit humification processes in the soil and the activity of dehydrogenases, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and proteases.

ACS Style

Elżbieta J. Bielińska; Barbara Futa; Aleksandra Ukalska-Jaruga; Jerzy Weber; Szymon Chmielewski; Sylwia Wesołowska; Agnieszka Mocek-Płóciniak; Krzysztof Patkowski; Lilla Mielnik. Mutual relations between PAHs derived from atmospheric deposition, enzymatic activity, and humic substances in soils of differently urbanized areas. Journal of Soils and Sediments 2018, 18, 2682 -2691.

AMA Style

Elżbieta J. Bielińska, Barbara Futa, Aleksandra Ukalska-Jaruga, Jerzy Weber, Szymon Chmielewski, Sylwia Wesołowska, Agnieszka Mocek-Płóciniak, Krzysztof Patkowski, Lilla Mielnik. Mutual relations between PAHs derived from atmospheric deposition, enzymatic activity, and humic substances in soils of differently urbanized areas. Journal of Soils and Sediments. 2018; 18 (8):2682-2691.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elżbieta J. Bielińska; Barbara Futa; Aleksandra Ukalska-Jaruga; Jerzy Weber; Szymon Chmielewski; Sylwia Wesołowska; Agnieszka Mocek-Płóciniak; Krzysztof Patkowski; Lilla Mielnik. 2018. "Mutual relations between PAHs derived from atmospheric deposition, enzymatic activity, and humic substances in soils of differently urbanized areas." Journal of Soils and Sediments 18, no. 8: 2682-2691.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2018 in Computers, Environment and Urban Systems
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ACS Style

Szymon Chmielewski; Marta Samulowska; Michał Lupa; Danbi Lee; Bogdan Zagajewski. Citizen science and WebGIS for outdoor advertisement visual pollution assessment. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems 2018, 67, 97 -109.

AMA Style

Szymon Chmielewski, Marta Samulowska, Michał Lupa, Danbi Lee, Bogdan Zagajewski. Citizen science and WebGIS for outdoor advertisement visual pollution assessment. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems. 2018; 67 ():97-109.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Szymon Chmielewski; Marta Samulowska; Michał Lupa; Danbi Lee; Bogdan Zagajewski. 2018. "Citizen science and WebGIS for outdoor advertisement visual pollution assessment." Computers, Environment and Urban Systems 67, no. : 97-109.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2017 in Applied Geography
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ACS Style

Szymon Chmielewski; Piotr Tompalski. Estimating outdoor advertising media visibility with voxel-based approach. Applied Geography 2017, 87, 1 -13.

AMA Style

Szymon Chmielewski, Piotr Tompalski. Estimating outdoor advertising media visibility with voxel-based approach. Applied Geography. 2017; 87 ():1-13.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Szymon Chmielewski; Piotr Tompalski. 2017. "Estimating outdoor advertising media visibility with voxel-based approach." Applied Geography 87, no. : 1-13.

Journal article
Published: 30 August 2017 in Polish Journal of Soil Science
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Soils from the Lublin area exposed to low-stack emission from home heating and transport were investigated. Changes in soil enzymatic activity and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) content were analysed. Soil samples were collected in July and November 2016 and January 2017. Results of the study show that enzymatic activity and PAHs content depended on types of buildings, study period (intensification of pollutant emission from household heating), traffic volume and atmospheric air movement. Low enzymatic activities and high PAHs contents in the soils were observed in the autumn-winter period in the areas with dense single-family housing and located in the vicinity of streets with intense road traffic.

ACS Style

Barbara Futa; Elżbieta Jolanta Bielińska; Sławomir Ligęza; Szymon Chmielewski; Sylwia Wesołowska; Krzysztof Patkowski; Agnieszka Mocek-Płóciniak. Enzymatic Activity and Content of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Soils under Low-Stack Emission in Lublin. Polish Journal of Soil Science 2017, 50, 63 .

AMA Style

Barbara Futa, Elżbieta Jolanta Bielińska, Sławomir Ligęza, Szymon Chmielewski, Sylwia Wesołowska, Krzysztof Patkowski, Agnieszka Mocek-Płóciniak. Enzymatic Activity and Content of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Soils under Low-Stack Emission in Lublin. Polish Journal of Soil Science. 2017; 50 (1):63.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Barbara Futa; Elżbieta Jolanta Bielińska; Sławomir Ligęza; Szymon Chmielewski; Sylwia Wesołowska; Krzysztof Patkowski; Agnieszka Mocek-Płóciniak. 2017. "Enzymatic Activity and Content of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Soils under Low-Stack Emission in Lublin." Polish Journal of Soil Science 50, no. 1: 63.

Journal article
Published: 30 August 2017 in Polish Journal of Soil Science
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This study focused on the impact of extensive sheep grazing on soil enzymatic activity in the grassland habitats of the Eastern Lublin region of Poland, situated within the ecological Natura 2000 network of: Kąty (PLH060010), Stawska Góra (PLH060018), and Zachodniowołyńska Dolina Bugu (PLH060035). This study involved soils under sheep grazing and soils in uncultivated areas (wasteland). Two-year study was conducted in 2 periods of each year: spring (before the start of sheep grazing) and autumn (after grazing). Beneficial effects were found for extensive grazing by sheep on soil enzymatic activity within each tested habitat. It is worth underlining that a clear stimulation of enzyme activity was detected already in the first year of observation. In the second year, the enzyme activity in the soils of habitats under sheep grazing was approximately 1.5 times higher than in the soils without grazing. The observed higher activity of the tested enzymes in soils under sheep grazing indicated the usefulness of studies on the enzymatic activity of soils as a sensitive indicator of soil response, such as observed here with the applied active system of biodiversity protection in the valuable natural grassland habitats of Natura 2000.

ACS Style

Elżbieta Jolanta Bielińska; Barbara Futa; Szymon Chmielewski; Krzysztof Patkowski; Tomasz M. Gruszecki. Quantification of Biodiversity Related to the Active Protection of Grassland Habitats in the Eastern Lublin Region of Poland Based on the Activity of Soil Enzymes. Polish Journal of Soil Science 2017, 50, 55 .

AMA Style

Elżbieta Jolanta Bielińska, Barbara Futa, Szymon Chmielewski, Krzysztof Patkowski, Tomasz M. Gruszecki. Quantification of Biodiversity Related to the Active Protection of Grassland Habitats in the Eastern Lublin Region of Poland Based on the Activity of Soil Enzymes. Polish Journal of Soil Science. 2017; 50 (1):55.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elżbieta Jolanta Bielińska; Barbara Futa; Szymon Chmielewski; Krzysztof Patkowski; Tomasz M. Gruszecki. 2017. "Quantification of Biodiversity Related to the Active Protection of Grassland Habitats in the Eastern Lublin Region of Poland Based on the Activity of Soil Enzymes." Polish Journal of Soil Science 50, no. 1: 55.

Journal article
Published: 08 June 2017 in Polish Journal of Soil Science
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This paper looks into the impact of free grazing by sheep and horses on the chemical and biological properties of soils in the partial protection zone of the Roztocze National Park. The study sampled three different types of pastureland in the area: pastures for sheep, horses and for combined grazing by sheep and horses. Compared to an ungrazed reference pasture, free grazing significantly stimulated the activity of enzymes which catalyze the transformation of organic matter (dehydrogenases, phosphatases and ureases) and it also positively influenced other chemical properties of the soils. Among the soils under free-grazing management, the pasture grazed to horses underwent the most advantageous changes in terms of the eco-chemical status of the soil.

ACS Style

Barbara Futa; Krzysztof Patkowski; Elżbieta Bielińska; Tomasz Maria Gruszecki; Michał Pluta; Mariusz Kulik; Szymon Chmielewski. Sheep and Horse Grazing in a Large-Scale Protection Area and its Positive Impact on Chemical and Biological Soil Properties. Polish Journal of Soil Science 2017, 49, 111 .

AMA Style

Barbara Futa, Krzysztof Patkowski, Elżbieta Bielińska, Tomasz Maria Gruszecki, Michał Pluta, Mariusz Kulik, Szymon Chmielewski. Sheep and Horse Grazing in a Large-Scale Protection Area and its Positive Impact on Chemical and Biological Soil Properties. Polish Journal of Soil Science. 2017; 49 (2):111.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Barbara Futa; Krzysztof Patkowski; Elżbieta Bielińska; Tomasz Maria Gruszecki; Michał Pluta; Mariusz Kulik; Szymon Chmielewski. 2017. "Sheep and Horse Grazing in a Large-Scale Protection Area and its Positive Impact on Chemical and Biological Soil Properties." Polish Journal of Soil Science 49, no. 2: 111.

Journal article
Published: 03 April 2017 in Landscape Research
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ACS Style

Tadeusz J. Chmielewski; Andrew Paul Butler; Agnieszka Kułak; Szymon Chmielewski. Landscape’s physiognomic structure: conceptual development and practical applications. Landscape Research 2017, 43, 410 -427.

AMA Style

Tadeusz J. Chmielewski, Andrew Paul Butler, Agnieszka Kułak, Szymon Chmielewski. Landscape’s physiognomic structure: conceptual development and practical applications. Landscape Research. 2017; 43 (3):410-427.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tadeusz J. Chmielewski; Andrew Paul Butler; Agnieszka Kułak; Szymon Chmielewski. 2017. "Landscape’s physiognomic structure: conceptual development and practical applications." Landscape Research 43, no. 3: 410-427.

Original articles
Published: 04 November 2015 in International Journal of Geographical Information Science
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Debates on the encroaching commercialization of public space by outdoor advertising highlight its possible negative impact on local quality of life and enjoyment of public spaces. These overstimulating outdoor advertisements are often considered a source of visual pollution, but cities have no standard way of measuring where it exists and its local impact, and thus cannot regulate it effectively. This study illustrates that visual pollution can be measured in a useful way by relating public opinion to the number of visible advertisements (intervisibility analysis). Using a 2.5D outdoor advertisement (OA) dataset (location and height) of a busy urban street in Lublin, Poland, this preliminary experiment translates visibility into visual pollution. It was found that streetscape views with more than seven visible OAs created visual pollution in this case study. The GIS-based methodology proposed could provide Lublin officials with a basic tool to assess and manage visual pollution, by informing permitting decisions on OAs.

ACS Style

Szymon Chmielewski; Danbi J. Lee; Piotr Tompalski; Tadeusz J. Chmielewski; Piotr Wężyk. Measuring visual pollution by outdoor advertisements in an urban street using intervisibilty analysis and public surveys. International Journal of Geographical Information Science 2015, 30, 1 -18.

AMA Style

Szymon Chmielewski, Danbi J. Lee, Piotr Tompalski, Tadeusz J. Chmielewski, Piotr Wężyk. Measuring visual pollution by outdoor advertisements in an urban street using intervisibilty analysis and public surveys. International Journal of Geographical Information Science. 2015; 30 (4):1-18.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Szymon Chmielewski; Danbi J. Lee; Piotr Tompalski; Tadeusz J. Chmielewski; Piotr Wężyk. 2015. "Measuring visual pollution by outdoor advertisements in an urban street using intervisibilty analysis and public surveys." International Journal of Geographical Information Science 30, no. 4: 1-18.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2014 in International Agrophysics
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The aim of this research was to present the land cover structure and landscape diversity in the West Polesie Biosphere Reserve. The land cover classification was performed using Object Based Image Analysis in Trimble eCognition Developer 8 software. The retrospective land cover changes analysis in 3 lake catchments (Kleszczów, Moszne, Bia³eW³odawskie Lakes)was performed on the basis of archival aerial photos taken in 1952, 1971, 1984, 1992, 2007 and one satellite scene from 2003 (IKONOS).On the basis of land cover map structure, Shannon diversity index was estimated with the moving window approach enabled in Fragstats software. The conducted research has shown that the land cover structure of the West Polesie Biosphere Reserve is diverse and can be simply described by selected landscape metrics. The highest level of land cover diversity, as showed by Shannon Diversity Index, was identified in the western part of the West Polesie Biosphere Reserve, which is closely related to the agricultural character of land cover structure in those regions. The examples of three regional retrospective land cover analyses demonstrated that the character of land cover structure has changed dramatically over the last 40 years.

ACS Style

Szymon Chmielewski; Tadeusz J. Chmielewski; Piotr Tompalski. Land Cover and Landscape Diversity Analysis in the West Polesie Biosphere Reserve. International Agrophysics 2014, 28, 153 -162.

AMA Style

Szymon Chmielewski, Tadeusz J. Chmielewski, Piotr Tompalski. Land Cover and Landscape Diversity Analysis in the West Polesie Biosphere Reserve. International Agrophysics. 2014; 28 (2):153-162.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Szymon Chmielewski; Tadeusz J. Chmielewski; Piotr Tompalski. 2014. "Land Cover and Landscape Diversity Analysis in the West Polesie Biosphere Reserve." International Agrophysics 28, no. 2: 153-162.

Conference paper
Published: 20 June 2011 in 15th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2015, INFORMATICS, GEOINFORMATICS AND REMOTE SENSING
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ACS Style

Szymon Chmielewski. GIS-BASED 3D VISIBILITY MODELING OF OUTDOOR ADVERTISING IN URBAN AREAS. 15th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2015, INFORMATICS, GEOINFORMATICS AND REMOTE SENSING 2011, 1 .

AMA Style

Szymon Chmielewski. GIS-BASED 3D VISIBILITY MODELING OF OUTDOOR ADVERTISING IN URBAN AREAS. 15th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2015, INFORMATICS, GEOINFORMATICS AND REMOTE SENSING. 2011; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Szymon Chmielewski. 2011. "GIS-BASED 3D VISIBILITY MODELING OF OUTDOOR ADVERTISING IN URBAN AREAS." 15th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2015, INFORMATICS, GEOINFORMATICS AND REMOTE SENSING , no. : 1.