This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.
This study assessed the role of waste picker sustainopreneurs (WPS) by examining their recycling contributions in a special case of District Swat, Pakistan. Using a transformative worldview, this study acknowledges their contributions to recycling. The study envisages how entrepreneurial agency works in unanticipated ways where the poorest of the poor enterprise without resources demonstrate unexpected agency to improve the environment. An inductive research design in conjunction with grounded theory was used to analyze data from 37 interviews in three tehsils of District Swat. The recycling sector uses primitive measures, which are completely informal, self-organized, and self-controlled. Surprisingly, we discovered that informal recycling contributes unfavorably to waste, energy, and food (WEF) security due to intermixing and adulteration, as well as acts as a gray channel for illicit practices that have taken advantage of tax amnesty in the area until 2023. The uncontrolled welding of half cut and nose cut car parts has skyrocketed the motorization index and CO2 emissions; however, it has also resulted in alternative sources of livelihoods, as these accidental environmentalists had found modern sources of income. This is similar to low-tech innovation and business creation that takes advantage of tax holidays due to the special status of District Swat. The study highlights the most and least valuable recyclables and identifies the gray channel markets of spare parts, metal recycling, counterfeit products, fuel intermixing, and adulteration. The study contributes by untangling the understanding of a legal gambit of tax amnesty as a critical pre-policy input as well as advocates for rights of invisible stakeholders of waste management in Pakistan.
Muhammad Nawaz; Muhammad Yousafzai; Tariq Shah; Chunlin Xin; Wisal Ahmad. Sustainability of Recycling Waste Picker Sustainopreneurs for Prevention and Mitigation of Municipal Solid Waste in Swat. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6533 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Nawaz, Muhammad Yousafzai, Tariq Shah, Chunlin Xin, Wisal Ahmad. Sustainability of Recycling Waste Picker Sustainopreneurs for Prevention and Mitigation of Municipal Solid Waste in Swat. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (12):6533.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Nawaz; Muhammad Yousafzai; Tariq Shah; Chunlin Xin; Wisal Ahmad. 2021. "Sustainability of Recycling Waste Picker Sustainopreneurs for Prevention and Mitigation of Municipal Solid Waste in Swat." Sustainability 13, no. 12: 6533.
The reverse logistics of municipal hazardous waste (RLMHW) have received close attention from researchers and practitioners alike, given the essential impact of safe transportation and effective management of hazardous waste on public health and environmental sustainability. There are a great number of studies in the extant literature on RLMHW, with many and diverse research topics; however, a concise and complete overview of the research works already conducted in this particular area is conspicuous by its absence. This paper strives to fill the gap through the conduct of rigorous systematic literature review of RLMHW in the past three decades, and then establish a framework of studies on RLMHW. The main contributions of this study are as follows: (1) to identify the trend of journals publishing research papers on RLMHW; (2) to extract the main topics in studies on RLMHW; (3) to locate the most popular research areas of RLMHW; (4) to summarize the methods adopted in studies on RLMHW; (5) to identify research deficiencies in certain categories of RLMHW; and (6) to establish the future research directions of RLMHW. The main implications of the study are to offer a better understanding of RLMHW by systematic crystallization of archival data in a systematic chronological order across central issues. This study contributes to scholarly debate in this field by serving as a snapshot paper to document the development of the field and gives input to policymakers in process design and policy making in the domain of RLMHW.
Chunlin Xin; Jie Wang; Ziping Wang; Chia-Huei Wu; Muhammad Nawaz; Sang-Bing Tsai. Reverse logistics research of municipal hazardous waste: a literature review. Environment, Development and Sustainability 2021, 1 -37.
AMA StyleChunlin Xin, Jie Wang, Ziping Wang, Chia-Huei Wu, Muhammad Nawaz, Sang-Bing Tsai. Reverse logistics research of municipal hazardous waste: a literature review. Environment, Development and Sustainability. 2021; ():1-37.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChunlin Xin; Jie Wang; Ziping Wang; Chia-Huei Wu; Muhammad Nawaz; Sang-Bing Tsai. 2021. "Reverse logistics research of municipal hazardous waste: a literature review." Environment, Development and Sustainability , no. : 1-37.
Solid waste management and air pollution are two pressing issues in the functioning of large cities. This paper studies the optimization problem of the green transportation route of municipal solid waste and establishes a mathematical planning model based on real-time traffic conditions of the city and consideration of a time window and multiple transfer stations with the goal of minimizing energy consumption. In the optimal green transportation process in this paper, comprehensive consideration of vehicle speed, vehicle load, road gradient, and driving distance in different road sections based on real-time traffic conditions is incorporated, which has a better fuel-saving potential than the shortest path. A green transportation program can alleviate the air pollution problem in big cities and promote energy conservation and emission reduction in solid waste transportation.
Chunlin Xin; Lingjie Wang; Bin Liu; Yu-Hsi Yuan; Sang-Bing Tsai. An Empirical Study for Green Transportation Scheme of Municipal Solid Waste Based on Complex Data Model Analysis. Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021, 2021, 1 -17.
AMA StyleChunlin Xin, Lingjie Wang, Bin Liu, Yu-Hsi Yuan, Sang-Bing Tsai. An Empirical Study for Green Transportation Scheme of Municipal Solid Waste Based on Complex Data Model Analysis. Mathematical Problems in Engineering. 2021; 2021 ():1-17.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChunlin Xin; Lingjie Wang; Bin Liu; Yu-Hsi Yuan; Sang-Bing Tsai. 2021. "An Empirical Study for Green Transportation Scheme of Municipal Solid Waste Based on Complex Data Model Analysis." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021, no. : 1-17.
The early weak fault characteristics of rolling bearings are extremely weak and are easily overwhelmed by other noises. In order to effectively extract the characteristics of the early weak faults of the rolling bearings and draw on the multilayer wavelet decomposition idea, a method for diagnosing the early weak faults of the rolling bearing based on the multilayer reconstruction filter is proposed. As we all know, empirical wavelet transform (EWT) makes full use of wavelet filter bank, and variational mode decomposition (VMD) uses Wiener filter bank. This paper fully combines the advantages of the above two methods, adaptively determines the number of modes through empirical wavelet decomposition and divides the original signal, extracts the frequency band that contains the fault characteristic information, and effectively eliminates noise interference. These steps are repeated until the optimal component of the condition is obtained. In the output layer, the weak fault impact components are further separated by the strong filtering and signal decomposition capability of VMD. The advantages of the proposed method are proved by the experiment of weak fault of rolling bearing and the accelerated failure experiment of full life. The proposed method has the advantages of reducing noise influence and adaptive estimation of decomposed modes, which can be applied more efficiently in practice.
Quanfu Li; Yuxuan Zhou; Gang Tang; Chunlin Xin; Tao Zhang. Early Weak Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Bearing Based on Multilayer Reconstruction Filter. Shock and Vibration 2021, 2021, 1 -15.
AMA StyleQuanfu Li, Yuxuan Zhou, Gang Tang, Chunlin Xin, Tao Zhang. Early Weak Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Bearing Based on Multilayer Reconstruction Filter. Shock and Vibration. 2021; 2021 ():1-15.
Chicago/Turabian StyleQuanfu Li; Yuxuan Zhou; Gang Tang; Chunlin Xin; Tao Zhang. 2021. "Early Weak Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Bearing Based on Multilayer Reconstruction Filter." Shock and Vibration 2021, no. : 1-15.
This study introduces the second-hand market into the famous ski-rental model, presents an online rental problem of durable equipment with a transaction cost, and designs an optimal deterministic competitive strategy. The traditional competitive analysis is based on the worst-case scenario; hence, its results are too conservative. Even though investors want to manage and control their risks in reality, in some cases, they are willing to undertake higher risk to obtain greater benefits. Considering this situation, this study designs a risk strategy combining the decision makers’ risk tolerance with certain and probabilistic forecasts. Numerical analysis shows that the proposed risk strategy can improve the competitive ratio. This study introduces the idea of risk compensation into traditional competitive analysis and designs strategies for online rental of durable equipment based on forecast. The decision maker selects a strategy according to risk tolerance and forecast. If the forecast is correct, then a reward is obtained; otherwise, the risk is guaranteed to be within the decision maker’s risk tolerance. The optimal restricted ratio, that is, the competitive ratio of a risk strategy, is less than the optimal competitive ratio of a deterministic strategy. Therefore, the performance of the proposed risk strategy is better than a deterministic strategy. At the same time, the risk strategy based on the probabilistic forecast represents an extension of the strategy based on a certain forecast. In other words, the risk strategy based on a certain forecast is a special case of the risk strategy based on the probabilistic forecast.
Chunlin Xin; Jianwen Zhang; Ziping Wang. Risk strategy analysis for an online rental problem of durable equipment with a transaction cost. Journal of Algorithms & Computational Technology 2021, 15, 1 .
AMA StyleChunlin Xin, Jianwen Zhang, Ziping Wang. Risk strategy analysis for an online rental problem of durable equipment with a transaction cost. Journal of Algorithms & Computational Technology. 2021; 15 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChunlin Xin; Jianwen Zhang; Ziping Wang. 2021. "Risk strategy analysis for an online rental problem of durable equipment with a transaction cost." Journal of Algorithms & Computational Technology 15, no. : 1.
Accidents occur frequently, causing huge losses to enterprises and individuals. Safety investment is an important means to prevent accidents, but how much to invest is a dilemma. Previous studies have assumed that the demand of safety investment follows some probability distribution. In practice, the distribution information of safety investment is usually limited or difficult to obtain, i.e., it is unknown. To deal with this kind of problem without a probability distribution, we construct the measures of marginal accident loss (MAL) and marginal opportunity loss (MOL) from the perspective of demand uncertainty. Robust optimization technology is utilized to establish three robust optimization models, which are the absolute robust models (ARM), deviation robust models (DRM), and relative robust models (RRM). The results of numerical analysis show that MAL is positively correlated with safety investment and MOL is negatively correlated with the uncertainty of safety investment. The above robust optimization models in this study can be applied to different enterprise’s risk scenarios. ARM, DRM, and RRM are suitable for high- and nonhigh-risk industries and other industries, respectively.
Chunlin Xin; Jianwen Zhang; Chia-Huei Wu; Sang-Bing Tsai. Safety Investment Decision Problem without Probability Distribution: A Robust Optimization Approach. Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020, 2020, 1 -10.
AMA StyleChunlin Xin, Jianwen Zhang, Chia-Huei Wu, Sang-Bing Tsai. Safety Investment Decision Problem without Probability Distribution: A Robust Optimization Approach. Mathematical Problems in Engineering. 2020; 2020 ():1-10.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChunlin Xin; Jianwen Zhang; Chia-Huei Wu; Sang-Bing Tsai. 2020. "Safety Investment Decision Problem without Probability Distribution: A Robust Optimization Approach." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020, no. : 1-10.
With urban development, many small urban areas are being integrated into large ones, which leads to redundancy of domestic waste disposal facilities. How to optimize these facilities is a major problem of urban administrative departments. In this study, we consider three strategies to deal with this problem, which are redundant deletion, garbage bin redistribution, and system reconstruction, through which, we have carried out the redivision of facilities area and the relocation of facilities. Three mathematical models are designed, and Voronoi technology and a clustering algorithm are applied to handle them. Finally, a simulation case based on the regional integration of the Old Eastern, Old West, Chongwen, and Xuanwu Districts in Beijing is studied, and the research results show that the efficiency of the system is increased from 74.9% to 85.9%, to 95.6%, and to 100%.
Chun-Lin Xin; Shuo Liang; Feng-Wu Shen. Reconfiguration of garbage collection system based on Voronoi graph theory: a simulation case of Beijing region. Journal of Combinatorial Optimization 2020, 1 -21.
AMA StyleChun-Lin Xin, Shuo Liang, Feng-Wu Shen. Reconfiguration of garbage collection system based on Voronoi graph theory: a simulation case of Beijing region. Journal of Combinatorial Optimization. 2020; ():1-21.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChun-Lin Xin; Shuo Liang; Feng-Wu Shen. 2020. "Reconfiguration of garbage collection system based on Voronoi graph theory: a simulation case of Beijing region." Journal of Combinatorial Optimization , no. : 1-21.
This study aims to advocate for the acknowledgment of the services of invisible hands that do pro-environmental work, despite living in post-conflict trauma themselves. These “accidental sustainopreneurs” earn a living while helping societies become more sustainable. Their work for both upstream manufacturers and downstream consumers serves as a stepping stone toward the introduction of cleaner production across waste value chains in developing countries. They have positive effects on multiple recycling sectors, and their transition to formal, integrated solid waste management is the objective of this study. Inductive qualitative research design is employed to examine how these entrepreneurial agents work in unpredicted ways to create value for society while being stigmatized by focusing specifically on the case of waste picker sustainopreneurs registered with the Water and Sanitation Services in Pakistan (WSSP). The findings of this study suggested that a whopping 99% majority of such workers pretend as if none of their kind exist, possess dual identities, and are stigmatized due to refugee backgrounds. Using the social construction of stigma lens, their identities have been stigmatized amidst their burden of complementing the work of local MSWM authorities. In addition, the findings regarding unpredictable weather patterns, lack of assets, seasonal shocks, uncertain policies, rules of business, and the exploitative subletting of waster picker jurisdictions are reported. This study provides a more thorough understanding of their self-organized work context, an understanding of policies, and the higher survival skills and immunity levels of these workers, even in the absence of safety equipment and measures. This study demonstrates how self-organizing, low-tech, informal solutions can act as a foundation toward cleaner productions and environmental sustainability.
Muhammad Tariq Yousafzai; Muhammad Nawaz; Chunlin Xin; Sang-Bing Tsai; Chien-Hung Lee. Sustainability of waste picker sustainopreneurs in Pakistan’s informal solid waste management system for cleaner production. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 267, 121913 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Tariq Yousafzai, Muhammad Nawaz, Chunlin Xin, Sang-Bing Tsai, Chien-Hung Lee. Sustainability of waste picker sustainopreneurs in Pakistan’s informal solid waste management system for cleaner production. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 267 ():121913.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Tariq Yousafzai; Muhammad Nawaz; Chunlin Xin; Sang-Bing Tsai; Chien-Hung Lee. 2020. "Sustainability of waste picker sustainopreneurs in Pakistan’s informal solid waste management system for cleaner production." Journal of Cleaner Production 267, no. : 121913.
The Chinese government is committed to ensuring separation of municipal solid waste (MSW), promoting the integrated development of the MSW management system with the renewable resource recovery system, and achieving construction of ecological civilization. Guided by the methods in Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines, the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions under five waste disposal scenarios in Beijing under the life cycle framework were assessed in this research. The study included collection and transportation, as well as three end disposal methods (sanitary landfill, incineration, and composting), and the emission reduction benefits of electricity generation from incineration and recycling of renewable resources were taken into account. The results show that an emission reduction benefit of 70.82% could be achieved under Scenario 5 in which kitchen waste and recyclables are sorted and recycled and the residue is incinerated, and the selection of the optimal strategy was not affected by changes in the separation rate. In addition, landfill would emit more GHG than incineration and composting. The results of this study are helpful for the government to make a decision on MSW management considering the goal of GHG emission reduction.
Chunlin Xin; Tingting Zhang; Sang-Bing Tsai; Yu-Ming Zhai; Jiangtao Wang. An Empirical Study on Greenhouse Gas Emission Calculations Under Different Municipal Solid Waste Management Strategies. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 1673 .
AMA StyleChunlin Xin, Tingting Zhang, Sang-Bing Tsai, Yu-Ming Zhai, Jiangtao Wang. An Empirical Study on Greenhouse Gas Emission Calculations Under Different Municipal Solid Waste Management Strategies. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (5):1673.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChunlin Xin; Tingting Zhang; Sang-Bing Tsai; Yu-Ming Zhai; Jiangtao Wang. 2020. "An Empirical Study on Greenhouse Gas Emission Calculations Under Different Municipal Solid Waste Management Strategies." Applied Sciences 10, no. 5: 1673.
In this paper, we reconsider the hazardous materials transportation network design problem with uncertain edge risk (HTNDPUR) which is proved as strong NP-hard. The natural ways to handle NP-hard problems are approximation solutions or FPT algorithms. We prove that the HTNDPUR does not admit any approximation, neither any FPT algorithm, unless P = NP. Furthermore, we utilize the minimax regret criterion to model the HTNDPUR as a bi-level integer programming formulation under edge risk uncertainty, where an interval of possible risk values is associated with each arc. We present a robust heuristic approach that always finds a robust and stable hazmat transportation network. At the end, we test our method on a network of Guangdong province in China to illustrate the efficiency of the algorithm. Our experimental results illustrate that the robust interval risk scenario network performs better than the deterministic scenario network.
Chunlin Xin; Letu Qingge; Jiamin Wang; Binhai Zhu. Robust optimization for the hazardous materials transportation network design problem. Journal of Combinatorial Optimization 2014, 30, 320 -334.
AMA StyleChunlin Xin, Letu Qingge, Jiamin Wang, Binhai Zhu. Robust optimization for the hazardous materials transportation network design problem. Journal of Combinatorial Optimization. 2014; 30 (2):320-334.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChunlin Xin; Letu Qingge; Jiamin Wang; Binhai Zhu. 2014. "Robust optimization for the hazardous materials transportation network design problem." Journal of Combinatorial Optimization 30, no. 2: 320-334.