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Floods affected approximately two billion people around the world from 1998–2017, causing over 142,000 fatalities and over 656 billion U.S. dollars in economic losses. Flood data, such as the extent of inundation and peak flood stage, are needed to define the environmental, economic, and social impacts of significant flood events. Ground-based global positioning system (GPS) surveys of post-flood high-water marks (HWMs) and topography are commonly used to define flood inundation and stage, but can be time-consuming, difficult, and expensive to conduct. Here, we demonstrate and test the use of small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS) and close-range remote sensing techniques to collect high-accuracy flood data to define peak flood stage elevations and river cross-sections. We evaluate the elevation accuracy of the HWMs from sUAS surveys by comparison with traditional GPS surveys, which have acceptable accuracy for many post-flood assessments, at two flood sites on two small streams in the U.S. Mean elevation errors for the sUAS surveys were 0.07 m and 0.14 m for the semiarid and temperate sites, respectively; those values are similar to typical errors when measuring HWM elevations with GPS surveys. Results demonstrate that sUAS surveys of HWMs and cross-sections can be an accurate and efficient alternative to GPS surveys; we provide insights that can be used to decide whether sUAS or GPS techniques will be most efficient for post-flood surveying.
Brandon T. Forbes; Geoffrey P. DeBenedetto; Jesse E. Dickinson; Claire E. Bunch; Faith A. Fitzpatrick. Using Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems for Measuring Post-Flood High-Water Marks and Streambed Elevations. Remote Sensing 2020, 12, 1437 .
AMA StyleBrandon T. Forbes, Geoffrey P. DeBenedetto, Jesse E. Dickinson, Claire E. Bunch, Faith A. Fitzpatrick. Using Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems for Measuring Post-Flood High-Water Marks and Streambed Elevations. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12 (9):1437.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBrandon T. Forbes; Geoffrey P. DeBenedetto; Jesse E. Dickinson; Claire E. Bunch; Faith A. Fitzpatrick. 2020. "Using Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems for Measuring Post-Flood High-Water Marks and Streambed Elevations." Remote Sensing 12, no. 9: 1437.
This paper describes coupling field experiments with surface and groundwater modeling to investigate rangelands of SE Arizona, USA using erosion-control structures to augment shallow and deep aquifer recharge. We collected field data to describe the physical and hydrological properties before and after gabions (caged riprap) were installed in an ephemeral channel. The modular finite-difference flow model is applied to simulate the amount of increase needed to raise groundwater levels. We used the average increase in infiltration measured in the field and projected on site, assuming all infiltration becomes recharge, to estimate how many gabions would be needed to increase recharge in the larger watershed. A watershed model was then applied and calibrated with discharge and 3D terrain measurements, to simulate flow volumes. Findings were coupled to extrapolate simulations and quantify long-term impacts of riparian restoration. Projected scenarios demonstrate how erosion-control structures could impact all components of the annual water budget. Results support the potential of watershed-wide gabion installation to increase total aquifer recharge, with models portraying increased subsurface connectivity and accentuated lateral flow contributions.
Laura M. Norman; James B. Callegary; Laurel Lacher; Natalie R. Wilson; Chloé Fandel; Brandon T. Forbes; Tyson Swetnam. Modeling Riparian Restoration Impacts on the Hydrologic Cycle at the Babacomari Ranch, SE Arizona, USA. Water 2019, 11, 381 .
AMA StyleLaura M. Norman, James B. Callegary, Laurel Lacher, Natalie R. Wilson, Chloé Fandel, Brandon T. Forbes, Tyson Swetnam. Modeling Riparian Restoration Impacts on the Hydrologic Cycle at the Babacomari Ranch, SE Arizona, USA. Water. 2019; 11 (2):381.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLaura M. Norman; James B. Callegary; Laurel Lacher; Natalie R. Wilson; Chloé Fandel; Brandon T. Forbes; Tyson Swetnam. 2019. "Modeling Riparian Restoration Impacts on the Hydrologic Cycle at the Babacomari Ranch, SE Arizona, USA." Water 11, no. 2: 381.
The dataset consists of a shapefile of measurements of surface velocity magnitude and direction at the Colorado River at Salt Wash near Moab, UT, on October 7, 2020. The dataset contains approximately 3 km of river length. The surface velocity measurements were made by applying Large-Scale Particle Image Velocimetry (LSPIV) techniques, using overlapping videos collected by small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS). Additional attributes were calculated from the surface velocity measurements and are included in the dataset.
Claire E Bunch; Brandon T Forbes; Geoffrey P Debenedetto. Colorado River at Salt Wash near Moab, UT - 2020/10/07 Particle Image Velocimetry. 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleClaire E Bunch, Brandon T Forbes, Geoffrey P Debenedetto. Colorado River at Salt Wash near Moab, UT - 2020/10/07 Particle Image Velocimetry. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleClaire E Bunch; Brandon T Forbes; Geoffrey P Debenedetto. 2021. "Colorado River at Salt Wash near Moab, UT - 2020/10/07 Particle Image Velocimetry." , no. : 1.
The dataset contains GPS survey data collected at Colorado River at Salt Wash near Moab, UT, as part of a surface velocity mapping effort. The survey was conducted on October 6, 2020, and documents ground control points for a small unmanned aircraft system (sUAS) survey. The survey was performed using Leica GS14 RTK GPS equipment, S/N base-2806898, S/N rover-2806883.
Claire E Bunch; Geoffrey P Debenedetto; Brandon T Forbes. Colorado River at Salt Wash near Moab, UT - 2020/10/06 GPS Survey. 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleClaire E Bunch, Geoffrey P Debenedetto, Brandon T Forbes. Colorado River at Salt Wash near Moab, UT - 2020/10/06 GPS Survey. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleClaire E Bunch; Geoffrey P Debenedetto; Brandon T Forbes. 2021. "Colorado River at Salt Wash near Moab, UT - 2020/10/06 GPS Survey." , no. : 1.