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Tomato early blight, caused by Alternaria solani, is a destructive foliar fungal disease. Herein, the potential defensive roles of benzoic acid (BA) and two of its hydroxylated derivatives, ρ-hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA), and protocatechuic acid (PCA) against A. solani were investigated. All tested compounds showed strong dose-dependent fungistatic activity against A. solani and significantly reduced the disease development. Benzoic acid, and its hydroxylated derivatives, enhanced vegetative growth and yield traits. Moreover, BA and its derivatives induce the activation of enzymatic (POX, PPO, CAT, SlAPXs, and SlSODs) and non-enzymatic (phenolics, flavonoids, and carotenoids) antioxidant defense machinery to maintain reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis within infected leaves. Additionally, BA and its hydroxylated derivatives induce the accumulation of salicylic acid (SA) and its biosynthetic genes including isochorismate synthase (SlICS), aldehyde oxidases (SlAO1 and SlAO2), and phenylalanine ammonia-lyases (SlPAL1, SlPAL2, SlPAL3, SlPAL5, and SlPAL6). Higher SA levels were associated with upregulation of pathogenesis-related proteins (SlPR-1, SlPR1a2, SlPRB1-2, SlPR4, SlPR5, SlPR6), nonexpressor of pathogenesis-related protein 1 (SlNPR1), and salicylic acid-binding protein (SlSABP2). These findings outline the potential application of BA and its hydroxylated derivatives as a sustainable alternative control strategy for early blight disease and also deciphering the physiological and biochemical mechanisms behind their protective role.
Yasser Nehela; Naglaa A. Taha; Abdelnaser A. Elzaawely; Tran Dang Xuan; Mohammed A. Amin; Mohamed E. Ahmed; Asmaa El-Nagar. Benzoic Acid and Its Hydroxylated Derivatives Suppress Early Blight of Tomato (Alternaria solani) via the Induction of Salicylic Acid Biosynthesis and Enzymatic and Nonenzymatic Antioxidant Defense Machinery. Journal of Fungi 2021, 7, 663 .
AMA StyleYasser Nehela, Naglaa A. Taha, Abdelnaser A. Elzaawely, Tran Dang Xuan, Mohammed A. Amin, Mohamed E. Ahmed, Asmaa El-Nagar. Benzoic Acid and Its Hydroxylated Derivatives Suppress Early Blight of Tomato (Alternaria solani) via the Induction of Salicylic Acid Biosynthesis and Enzymatic and Nonenzymatic Antioxidant Defense Machinery. Journal of Fungi. 2021; 7 (8):663.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYasser Nehela; Naglaa A. Taha; Abdelnaser A. Elzaawely; Tran Dang Xuan; Mohammed A. Amin; Mohamed E. Ahmed; Asmaa El-Nagar. 2021. "Benzoic Acid and Its Hydroxylated Derivatives Suppress Early Blight of Tomato (Alternaria solani) via the Induction of Salicylic Acid Biosynthesis and Enzymatic and Nonenzymatic Antioxidant Defense Machinery." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 8: 663.
In recent decades, phenolic compounds derived from plants have been considered as potential weed inhibitors due to their environmentally friendly properties, which are profitable regarding sustainable development targets. While experiments indicated that phenolic compounds exhibited significant inhibition on weeds via various biological pathways, none of these natural compounds have been efficiently applied in practical agricultural production. This paper provides an overview of the phenolic allelochemicals (and their plant sources) that have been reported to have the most potential for weed growth inhibition as well as their modes of action. The biosynthetic pathway, classification, distribution, release, degradation, extraction, and isolation of these allelochemicals are also discussed. In addition, the advantages and limitations of applying these allelochemicals in weed management and sustainable agricultural development are indicated. Accordingly, there are three promising strategies to deal with the present problems and improve the effectiveness of future studies, including: (a) to discover a new approach combining phenolic allelochemicals and other prospective phytochemicals in the development of natural herbicides; (b) to modify the chemical structure for strengthening the stability and activity of the target compound; and (c) to generate resistant crops against weed stress related to the proliferation of phenolic allelochemicals through genetic engineering approaches. Conceivably, the information on phenolic allelochemicals that is assembled in this paper may provide a useful dataset for future studies on the application of artificial intelligence in the design and production of efficient natural herbicides for weed management and sustainable agricultural development.
La Hoang Anh; Nguyen Van Quan; La Tuan Nghia; Tran Dang Xuan. Phenolic allelochemicals: Achievements, limitations, and prospective approaches in weed management. Weed Biology and Management 2021, 21, 37 -67.
AMA StyleLa Hoang Anh, Nguyen Van Quan, La Tuan Nghia, Tran Dang Xuan. Phenolic allelochemicals: Achievements, limitations, and prospective approaches in weed management. Weed Biology and Management. 2021; 21 (2):37-67.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLa Hoang Anh; Nguyen Van Quan; La Tuan Nghia; Tran Dang Xuan. 2021. "Phenolic allelochemicals: Achievements, limitations, and prospective approaches in weed management." Weed Biology and Management 21, no. 2: 37-67.
Rice breeding was conducted for a long time during historical times and is an important job in Vietnam because rice is the major food for domestic consumption and export. In this review, we have provided a comprehensive insight into the importance of promising rice germplasm resources, breeding achievements, and breeding approaches as well as discussed challenges and perspectives of rice breeding in this country. With rice germplasm and wild rice relative resources with rich and various genetic diversity, their useful genes and traits have been exploited and integrated into commercial varieties as the final outputs of rice breeding programs. New achievements of the modern genetics era have been approached and effectively contributed to breeding activities in this country. Genome sequences, molecular breeding, and mutation are powerful tools and playing vital roles in developing new varieties with characteristics of interest that should be followed by the current market demands. In the last decades, there has been a plethora of newly generated varieties by Vietnamese scientists and rice breeders and approved by the state authorities. However, very few domestic mega varieties have prevailed over the imported varieties. Therefore, rice breeding in this country is faced with big challenges, including limitations of backgrounds, budgets, and even talents in basic research to compete with other rice-producing countries. The target goals and long-term approaches for rice breeding should be paid explicitly in priority to ensure national food security and the advantage and development of rice breeding in this country.
Tran Khanh; Vu Duong; Phi Nguyen; Tran Xuan; Nguyen Trung; Khuat Trung; Dong Gioi; Nguyen Hoang; Hoang-Dung Tran; Do Trung; Bui Huong. Rice Breeding in Vietnam: Retrospects, Challenges and Prospects. Agriculture 2021, 11, 397 .
AMA StyleTran Khanh, Vu Duong, Phi Nguyen, Tran Xuan, Nguyen Trung, Khuat Trung, Dong Gioi, Nguyen Hoang, Hoang-Dung Tran, Do Trung, Bui Huong. Rice Breeding in Vietnam: Retrospects, Challenges and Prospects. Agriculture. 2021; 11 (5):397.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTran Khanh; Vu Duong; Phi Nguyen; Tran Xuan; Nguyen Trung; Khuat Trung; Dong Gioi; Nguyen Hoang; Hoang-Dung Tran; Do Trung; Bui Huong. 2021. "Rice Breeding in Vietnam: Retrospects, Challenges and Prospects." Agriculture 11, no. 5: 397.
The management of amylose and protein contents and cooking quality are the main challenges in rice macronutrients and quality improvement. This experiment was conducted to examine the rice grain quality, alkali digestion, and gel consistency responses to irrigation interval after anthesis. Three rice varieties (K1, K3, and K4) were subjected to different irrigation intervals (1, 2, and 3 d) after anthesis. The findings of this study showed that the protein content was markedly increased from 6.53–6.63% to 9.93–10.16%, whilst the amylose content was decreased significantly from 22.00–22.43% to 16.33–17.56% under stressed treatments at irrigation intervals, whilst the quantity of fatty acids was not affected. The 3-d irrigation interval recorded the highest protein content but the lowest amylose value. In addition, this treatment shows lower gelatinization temperature, but it is negatively associated with hard gel consistency under irrigation interval. This study highlights that the water management following a 3-d irrigation interval from anthesis is a useful and simple treatment to improve rice nutrients and grain cooking quality.
Ramin Rayee; Tran Xuan; Tran Khanh; Hoang-Dung Tran; Kakar Kifayatullah. Efficacy of Irrigation Interval after Anthesis on Grain Quality, Alkali Digestion, and Gel Consistency of Rice. Agriculture 2021, 11, 325 .
AMA StyleRamin Rayee, Tran Xuan, Tran Khanh, Hoang-Dung Tran, Kakar Kifayatullah. Efficacy of Irrigation Interval after Anthesis on Grain Quality, Alkali Digestion, and Gel Consistency of Rice. Agriculture. 2021; 11 (4):325.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRamin Rayee; Tran Xuan; Tran Khanh; Hoang-Dung Tran; Kakar Kifayatullah. 2021. "Efficacy of Irrigation Interval after Anthesis on Grain Quality, Alkali Digestion, and Gel Consistency of Rice." Agriculture 11, no. 4: 325.
Andropogon virginicus is an invasive weed that seriously threatens agricultural production and economics worldwide. In this research, dried aerial parts of A. virginicus were extracted, applying Soxhlet and liquid-liquid phase methods to acquire the total crude (T-Anvi), hexane (H-Anvi), ethyl acetate (E-Anvi), butanol (B-Anvi), and water (W-Anvi) extracts, respectively. In which, T-Anvi contains the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents (24.80 mg gallic acid and 37.40 mg rutin equivalents per g dry weight, respectively). Via anti-radical (ABTS and DPPH), and reducing power assays, E-Anvi exhibits the most potent activities (IC50 = 13.96, 43.59 and 124.11 µg/mL, respectively), stronger than butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), a standard antioxidant, while the lipid peroxidation inhibitory effect of E-Anvi (LPI = 90.85% at the concentration of 500 µg/mL) is close to BHT. E-Anvi shows the most substantial inhibition (IC50 = 2.58 mg/mL) on tyrosinase. Notably, α-amylase is significantly suppressed by H-Anvi (IC50 = 0.72 mg/mL), over twice stronger than the positive control, palmitic acid. In the cytotoxic assay, E-Anvi is the strongest extract inhibiting K562 cells (IC50 = 112.01 µg/mL). Meanwhile, T-Anvi shows the highest prevention on Meg-01 expansion (IC50 = 91.40 µg/mL). Dominant compounds detected in E-Anvi by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) are identified as flavonoids. However, among four major compounds identified in H-Anvi by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), palmitic acid and phytol are the most abundant compounds with peak areas of 27.97% and 16.42%, respectively. In essence, this is the first report describing that A. virginicus is a potential natural source of antioxidants, tyrosinase and α-amylase inhibitors, and anti-chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) agents which may be useful in future therapeutics as promising alternative medicines.
La Hoang Anh; Nguyen Van Quan; Vu Quang Lam; Yu Iuchi; Akiyoshi Takami; Rolf Teschke; Tran Dang Xuan. Antioxidant, Anti-tyrosinase, Anti-α-amylase, and Cytotoxic Potentials of the Invasive Weed Andropogon virginicus. Plants 2020, 10, 69 .
AMA StyleLa Hoang Anh, Nguyen Van Quan, Vu Quang Lam, Yu Iuchi, Akiyoshi Takami, Rolf Teschke, Tran Dang Xuan. Antioxidant, Anti-tyrosinase, Anti-α-amylase, and Cytotoxic Potentials of the Invasive Weed Andropogon virginicus. Plants. 2020; 10 (1):69.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLa Hoang Anh; Nguyen Van Quan; Vu Quang Lam; Yu Iuchi; Akiyoshi Takami; Rolf Teschke; Tran Dang Xuan. 2020. "Antioxidant, Anti-tyrosinase, Anti-α-amylase, and Cytotoxic Potentials of the Invasive Weed Andropogon virginicus." Plants 10, no. 1: 69.
Nutrient management and fertilizer application are influential elements for high yield and preferred grain quality. Negligible information is available regarding fertilizer application in the paddy fields in Afghanistan. This research elucidates the efficacy of different fertilizers’ application on growth attributes, yield potential, and grain quality of rice. The treatments included the traditional application rate of nitrogen and phosphorus (RD), animal manure (AM), animal manure with 50% nitrogen and phosphorus of the traditional application rate (AMRD), sawdust (SD), and sawdust with 50% nitrogen and phosphorus of the traditional application rate (SDRD). Growth parameters, grain yield and its components, physicochemical properties, and morphological observation using scanning electron microscopy were recorded. The results revealed that the greatest panicle number, spikelet number, and grain yield were recorded in AMRD and SDRD treatments. Both AMRD and SDRD treatments increased the percentage of protein, amylose, and lipid contents, as well as the percentage of perfect grain compared to the RD treatment. Rice grain in RD treatment had very few protein bodies and their traces (pits), as well as the formation of amyloplasts and starch granules, were normal. However, AMRD and SDRD increased the number of protein bodies and their pits in the rice endosperm. The shapes of the amyloplasts were round and polyhedral with diverse sizes. Starch granules were polygonal with sharply defined edges. This research encourages farmers to adopt the combined application of manures and fertilizers to decrease the dependence on inorganic fertilizers.
Kifayatullah Kakar; Tran Xuan; Zubair Noori; Shafiqullah Aryan; Gulbuddin Gulab. Effects of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer Application on Growth, Yield, and Grain Quality of Rice. Agriculture 2020, 10, 544 .
AMA StyleKifayatullah Kakar, Tran Xuan, Zubair Noori, Shafiqullah Aryan, Gulbuddin Gulab. Effects of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer Application on Growth, Yield, and Grain Quality of Rice. Agriculture. 2020; 10 (11):544.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKifayatullah Kakar; Tran Xuan; Zubair Noori; Shafiqullah Aryan; Gulbuddin Gulab. 2020. "Effects of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer Application on Growth, Yield, and Grain Quality of Rice." Agriculture 10, no. 11: 544.
Plants play a major role in communicating and channelizing the growth of other plants through chemicals, which is referred to as allelopathy. The chemicals involved in the process of allelopathy are known as allelochemicals. The majority of secondary metabolites are involved in allelopathic interactions and are considered to be allelochemicals. Some well-known allelochemicals are phenolic compounds, alkaloids, terpenes, benzoxazinoids, tannins, etc. Allelopathic efficiency of crops may be utilized for weed management without adding or spraying any synthetic weed control agents as these synthetic weed control agents may pose a threat to the field crops and henceforth the ecosystem. In the natural ecosystem, phenolic compounds have been proved to be the most important and efficient plant allelochemical. Here, this chapter focuses on the classification, extraction, isolation, and purification of phenolic compounds and its role in weed management.
Chella Perumal Palanisamy; Vinoth Prasanna Gunasekaran; Sophia Dominic; Tran Dang Xuan. Phenolic Allelochemicals from Crops and Weed Management. Plant Phenolics in Sustainable Agriculture 2020, 183 -199.
AMA StyleChella Perumal Palanisamy, Vinoth Prasanna Gunasekaran, Sophia Dominic, Tran Dang Xuan. Phenolic Allelochemicals from Crops and Weed Management. Plant Phenolics in Sustainable Agriculture. 2020; ():183-199.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChella Perumal Palanisamy; Vinoth Prasanna Gunasekaran; Sophia Dominic; Tran Dang Xuan. 2020. "Phenolic Allelochemicals from Crops and Weed Management." Plant Phenolics in Sustainable Agriculture , no. : 183-199.
Salinity stress is one of the most problematic constraints to significantly reduce rice productivity. The Saltol QTL (quantitative trait locus) has been known as one among many principal genes/QTLs responsible for salinity tolerance in rice. However, the introgression of the Saltol QTL from the donor (male) into the recipient (female) cultivars induces great recessions from the progeny generation, which results in heavy fieldwork and greater cost and time required for breeding. In this study, the F1 generation of the cross TBR1 (female cultivar, salinity tolerant) × KD18 (male cultivar, salinity susceptible) was preliminarily treated with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) to induce the mutants M1. Results on physiological traits show that all the M2 (self-pollinated from M1) and M3 (self-pollinated from M2) individuals obtain salinity tolerant levels as the recurrent TBR1. Twelve SSR (simple sequence repeat) markers involved in the Saltol QTL (RM493, RM562, RM10694, RM10720, RM10793, RM10852, RM13197, RM201, RM149, RM508, RM587, and RM589) and other markers related to yield-contributing traits and disease resistance, as well as water and nitrogen use, have efficacy that is polymorphic. The phenotype and genotype analyses indicate that the salinity tolerant Saltol QTL, growth parameter, grain yield and quality, pest resistance, water and nitrogen use efficacy, and beneficial phytochemicals including antioxidants, momilactone A (MA) and momilactone B (MB) are uniparentally inherited from the recurrent (female) TBR1 cultivar and stabilized in the M2 and M3 generations. Further MNU applications should be examined to induce the uniparental inheritance of other salinity tolerant genes such as OsCPK17, OsRMC, OsNHX1, OsHKT1;5 to target rice cultivars. However, the mechanism of inducing this novel uniparental inheritance for salinity tolerance by MNU application needs elaboration.
Can Thu Huong; Truong Thi Tu Anh; Tran Dang Dat; Tran Dang Khanh; Tran Dang Xuan. Uniparental Inheritance of Salinity Tolerance and Beneficial Phytochemicals in Rice. Agronomy 2020, 10, 1032 .
AMA StyleCan Thu Huong, Truong Thi Tu Anh, Tran Dang Dat, Tran Dang Khanh, Tran Dang Xuan. Uniparental Inheritance of Salinity Tolerance and Beneficial Phytochemicals in Rice. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (7):1032.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCan Thu Huong; Truong Thi Tu Anh; Tran Dang Dat; Tran Dang Khanh; Tran Dang Xuan. 2020. "Uniparental Inheritance of Salinity Tolerance and Beneficial Phytochemicals in Rice." Agronomy 10, no. 7: 1032.
The risk of liver injury associated with the use of herbal medicinal products (HMPs) is well known among physicians caring for patients under a HMP therapy, as documented in case reports or case series and evidenced by using the Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method (RUCAM) to verify a causal relationship. In many cases, however, the quality of HMPs has rarely been considered regarding potential culprits such as contaminants and toxins possibly incriminated as causes for the liver injury. This review aims to comprehensively assemble details of tentative hepatotoxic contaminants and toxins found in HMPs. Based on the origin, harmful agents may be divided according two main sources, namely the phyto-hepatotoxin and the nonphyto-hepatotoxin groups. More specifically, phyto-hepatotoxins are phytochemicals or their metabolites naturally produced by plants or internally in response to plant stress conditions. In contrast, nonphyto-hepatotoxic elements may include contaminants or adulterants occurring during collection, processing and production, are the result of accumulation of toxic heavy metals by the plant itself due to soil pollutions, or represent mycotoxins, herbicidal and pesticidal residues. The phyto-hepatotoxins detected in HMPs are classified into eight major groups consisting of volatile compounds, phytotoxic proteins, glycosides, terpenoid lactones, terpenoids, alkaloids, anthraquinones, and phenolic acids. Nonphyto-hepatotoxins including metals, mycotoxins, and pesticidal and herbicidal residues and tentative mechanisms of toxicity are discussed. In conclusion, although a variety of potential toxic substances may enter the human body through HMP use, the ability of these toxins to trigger human liver injury remains largely unclear.
Nguyen Van Quan; Tran Dang Xuan; Rolf Teschke. Potential Hepatotoxins Found in Herbal Medicinal Products: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020, 21, 5011 .
AMA StyleNguyen Van Quan, Tran Dang Xuan, Rolf Teschke. Potential Hepatotoxins Found in Herbal Medicinal Products: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21 (14):5011.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNguyen Van Quan; Tran Dang Xuan; Rolf Teschke. 2020. "Potential Hepatotoxins Found in Herbal Medicinal Products: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 14: 5011.
Vietnam possesses a vast diversity of rice landraces due to its geographical situation, latitudinal range, and a variety of ecosystems. This genetic diversity constitutes a highly valuable resource at a time when the highest rice production areas in the low-lying Mekong and Red River Deltas are enduring increasing threats from climate changes, particularly in rainfall and temperature patterns. We analysed 672 Vietnamese rice genomes, 616 newly sequenced, that encompass the range of rice varieties grown in the diverse ecosystems found throughout Vietnam. We described four Japonica and five Indica subpopulations within Vietnam likely adapted to the region of origin. We compared the population structure and genetic diversity of these Vietnamese rice genomes to the 3,000 genomes of Asian cultivated rice. The named Indica-5 (I5) subpopulation was expanded in Vietnam and contained lowland Indica accessions, which had with very low shared ancestry with accessions from any other subpopulation and were previously overlooked as admixtures. We scored phenotypic measurements for nineteen traits and identified 453 unique genotype-phenotype significant associations comprising twenty-one QTLs (quantitative trait loci). The strongest associations were observed for grain size traits, while weaker associations were observed for a range of characteristics, including panicle length, heading date and leaf width. We identified genomic regions selected in both Indica and Japonica subtypes during the breeding of these subpopulations within Vietnam and discuss in detail fifty-two selected regions in I5, which constitute an untapped resource of cultivated rice diversity. Our results highlight traits and their associated genomic regions, which were identified by fine phenotyping and data integration. These are a potential source of novel loci and alleles to breed a new generation of sustainable and resilient rice.
Janet Higgins; Bruno Santos; Tran Dang Khanh; Khuat Huu Trung; Tran Duy Duong; Nguyen Thi Phuong Doai; Nguyen Truong Khoa; Dang Thi Thanh Ha; Nguyen Thuy Diep; Kieu Thi Dung; Cong Nguyen Phi; Tran Thi Thuy; Nguyen Thanh Tuan; Hoang Dung Tran; Hoang Thi Giang; Ta Kim Nhung; Cuong Duy Tran; Son Vi Lang; La Tuan Nghia; Nguyen Van Giang; Tran Dang Xuan; Anthony Hall; Sarah Dyer; Le Huy Ham; Mario Caccamo; Jose J De Vega. Evidence of selection, adaptation and untapped diversity in Vietnamese rice landraces. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleJanet Higgins, Bruno Santos, Tran Dang Khanh, Khuat Huu Trung, Tran Duy Duong, Nguyen Thi Phuong Doai, Nguyen Truong Khoa, Dang Thi Thanh Ha, Nguyen Thuy Diep, Kieu Thi Dung, Cong Nguyen Phi, Tran Thi Thuy, Nguyen Thanh Tuan, Hoang Dung Tran, Hoang Thi Giang, Ta Kim Nhung, Cuong Duy Tran, Son Vi Lang, La Tuan Nghia, Nguyen Van Giang, Tran Dang Xuan, Anthony Hall, Sarah Dyer, Le Huy Ham, Mario Caccamo, Jose J De Vega. Evidence of selection, adaptation and untapped diversity in Vietnamese rice landraces. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJanet Higgins; Bruno Santos; Tran Dang Khanh; Khuat Huu Trung; Tran Duy Duong; Nguyen Thi Phuong Doai; Nguyen Truong Khoa; Dang Thi Thanh Ha; Nguyen Thuy Diep; Kieu Thi Dung; Cong Nguyen Phi; Tran Thi Thuy; Nguyen Thanh Tuan; Hoang Dung Tran; Hoang Thi Giang; Ta Kim Nhung; Cuong Duy Tran; Son Vi Lang; La Tuan Nghia; Nguyen Van Giang; Tran Dang Xuan; Anthony Hall; Sarah Dyer; Le Huy Ham; Mario Caccamo; Jose J De Vega. 2020. "Evidence of selection, adaptation and untapped diversity in Vietnamese rice landraces." , no. : 1.
Salinity stress is one of the most severe constraints limiting rice production worldwide. Thus, the development of salt-tolerant rice promises to deal with increasing food demand due to climate change effects. This study investigated the salinity tolerance of mutant rice by evaluating phenotype and genotype, using forty-two simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers linked to the salinity tolerance Saltol quantitative trait locus (QTL) in ten cultivars and mutant lines. Results of phenotypic screening showed that the mutant line SKLo/BC15TB and cultivar BC15TB performed salt tolerance, while the mutant line Bao Thai/DT 84 and cultivar DT84DB were sensitive to salt stress. The markers RM 493, RM 562, RM 10748, RM 518, RM 237, and RM 20224 were the most polymorphic in salinity tolerance. Among them, RM 237, RM 10748, and RM 224 showed the highest polymorphism information (PIC = 0.58). This study reveals that the three markers are profitable for classification of salinity tolerance in both cultivar and mutant rice. The mutant line SKLo/BC15TB and cultivar BC15TB were found to be promising candidates for diversity analysis of salt-tolerant rice. Findings of this study are useful for developing new salinity-tolerant rice cultivars towards climate change.
Can Huong; Truong Anh; Hoang-Dung Tran; Vu Duong; Nguyen Trung; Tran Dang Khanh; Tran Dang Xuan. Assessing Salinity Tolerance in Rice Mutants by Phenotypic Evaluation Alongside Simple Sequence Repeat Analysis. Agriculture 2020, 10, 191 .
AMA StyleCan Huong, Truong Anh, Hoang-Dung Tran, Vu Duong, Nguyen Trung, Tran Dang Khanh, Tran Dang Xuan. Assessing Salinity Tolerance in Rice Mutants by Phenotypic Evaluation Alongside Simple Sequence Repeat Analysis. Agriculture. 2020; 10 (6):191.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCan Huong; Truong Anh; Hoang-Dung Tran; Vu Duong; Nguyen Trung; Tran Dang Khanh; Tran Dang Xuan. 2020. "Assessing Salinity Tolerance in Rice Mutants by Phenotypic Evaluation Alongside Simple Sequence Repeat Analysis." Agriculture 10, no. 6: 191.
The riverine ecosystems of the Mekong River Basin possess the world’s most productive inland fishery and provide highly productive food crops for millions of people annually. The development of hydropower potential in the Mekong River has long been of interest to governments in the region. Among the existing 64 dams, 46 dams have been built in the Lower Mekong Basin (LMB) to produce up to 8650 MW of electricity. Additionally, of the 123 proposed built hydropower dams, eleven hydropower plants have been nominated for the river mainstream and are expected to install a total of 13,000 MW in the LMB countries. However, serious concerns have intensified over the potential negative economic consequences, especially on fisheries and agriculture in Cambodia and Vietnam. To date, most of the concerns have concentrated on the impacts on hydrology, environment, livelihood, and diversity in the LMB attributed to hydropower development. This paper, however, discusses the fishery and agricultural sectors of the LMB and focuses on the downstream floodplains of Cambodia and Vietnam. The dam construction has caused greater losses of biodiversity and fisheries than climate change in the LMB. The reduction of 276,847 and 178,169 t of fish, 3.7% and 2.3% of rice, 21.0% and 10.0% of maize will contribute to a decrease of 3.7% and 0.3% of the GDP of Cambodia and Vietnam, respectively. Lao PDR may benefit the most revenue from electricity generation than the other country in the LMB, as most of the proposed dams are projected in the country. Cambodia burdens 3/4 of the reduction of total capture fishery destruction, whilst Lao PDR, Thailand, and Vietnam endure the remaining 1/3 losses. The tradeoff analyses reveal that losses of capture fisheries, sediment or nutrients, and social mitigation costs are greater than the benefits from electricity generation, improved irrigation, and flood control of the LMB region. The socioeconomic and environmental damage caused by hydropower dams in developing countries, including the Mekong, is greater than the early costs in North America and Europe. It is proposed that dam construction for hydropower in the Mekong River, as well as other rivers in developing countries, should be gradually removed and shifted toward solar, wind, and other renewable resources.
Yuichiro Yoshida; Han Soo Lee; Bui Huy Trung; Hoang-Dung Tran; Mahrjan Keshlav Lall; Kifayatullah Kakar; Tran Dang Xuan. Impacts of Mainstream Hydropower Dams on Fisheries and Agriculture in Lower Mekong Basin. Sustainability 2020, 12, 2408 .
AMA StyleYuichiro Yoshida, Han Soo Lee, Bui Huy Trung, Hoang-Dung Tran, Mahrjan Keshlav Lall, Kifayatullah Kakar, Tran Dang Xuan. Impacts of Mainstream Hydropower Dams on Fisheries and Agriculture in Lower Mekong Basin. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (6):2408.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYuichiro Yoshida; Han Soo Lee; Bui Huy Trung; Hoang-Dung Tran; Mahrjan Keshlav Lall; Kifayatullah Kakar; Tran Dang Xuan. 2020. "Impacts of Mainstream Hydropower Dams on Fisheries and Agriculture in Lower Mekong Basin." Sustainability 12, no. 6: 2408.
Background: Clausena indica fruit is commonly used for food ingredients and traditional medicines in tropical countries, however, information about its biological activities and chemical profiles has been inadequately reported. Methods: In this study, a bio-guided fractionation of antioxidants and α-amylase inhibitors from hexane (MH) and ethyl acetate (ME) extracts of C. indica fruit (pericarp and seed) was carried out. Eleven fractions from MH (D1–D11) and 17 fractions from ME (T1–T17) were obtained from column chromatography over silica gel, which were then examined for anti-radical capacity by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays, and pancreatic α-amylase inhibition, a key enzyme linked to type 2 diabetes. Results: Of isolated fractions, the fraction T4 revealed the most potent anti-DPPH activity (IC50 = 0.13 mg/mL), whereas T2 exhibits the strongest ABTS cation scavenging ability (IC50 = 0.31 mg/mL). In the enzymatic assay, the fractions D3 and T4 significantly inhibit the α-amylase reaction with IC50 values of 0.34 and 0.86 mg/mL, respectively. Remarkably, α-amylase suppression of T4 is close to acarbose and over four times stronger than palmitic acid, which are the well-known α-amylase inhibitors (IC50 = 0.07 and 1.52 mg/mL, respectively). The active constituents from fractions were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results show that the fraction D3 contains five major compounds, which are grouped in five classes consisting of fatty acids, phenols, benzodioxoles, alcohols, and sesquiterpenes. Among them, palmitic acid is the most dominant compound (32.64%), followed by 2R-acetoxymethyl-1,3,3-trimethyl-4t-(3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl)-1t-cyclohexanol (16.69%). Whilst, six major compounds belonging to fatty acid and coumarin classes are identified in the fraction T4. The most abundant compound in T4 is dentatin (47.32%), followed by palmitic acid (15.11%). Conclusions: This is the first finding that C. indica fruit can be a promising source for the development of natural antioxidant and antidiabetic agents. Additionally, the outcome reveals that dentatin, a known natural antineoplastic agent, can be feasibly exploited from C. indica fruit.
La Hoang Hoang Anh; Tran Dang Xuan; Nguyen Thi Dieu Dieu Thuy; Nguyen Van Quan; Le Thu Trang. Antioxidant and α-amylase Inhibitory Activities and Phytocompounds of Clausena indica Fruits. Medicines 2020, 7, 10 .
AMA StyleLa Hoang Hoang Anh, Tran Dang Xuan, Nguyen Thi Dieu Dieu Thuy, Nguyen Van Quan, Le Thu Trang. Antioxidant and α-amylase Inhibitory Activities and Phytocompounds of Clausena indica Fruits. Medicines. 2020; 7 (3):10.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLa Hoang Hoang Anh; Tran Dang Xuan; Nguyen Thi Dieu Dieu Thuy; Nguyen Van Quan; Le Thu Trang. 2020. "Antioxidant and α-amylase Inhibitory Activities and Phytocompounds of Clausena indica Fruits." Medicines 7, no. 3: 10.
Tridax procumbens is an invasive weed with a strong allelopathic activity. In this study, the contribution of phenolic acids and dimethyl sulfone to the allelopathic effect of T. procumbens was evaluated against Raphanus sativus. Phenolic acids (benzoic, ellagic and ferulic), vanillin and dimethyl sulfone were identified and quantified from the strongest fraction of T. procumbens, in an allelopathic assay by high performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography - mass spectrometry. The contribution of phenolic acids and dimethyl sulfone to the allelopathic effect of T. procumbens, expressed as a total activity, was evaluated by comparing the IC50 value to the concentration of each allelochemical, in a completely randomized design. The benzoic acid presented the strongest inhibitory effect (115 mg kg-1) and the highest contribution (0.483) to the allelopathic effect of T. procumbens, followed by vanillin, dimethyl sulfone and ferulic acid.
Yusuf Andriana; Tran Dang Xuan. Contribution of phenolic acids and dimethyl sulfone to the allelopathic effect of invasive Tridax procumbens. Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical 2020, 50, 1 .
AMA StyleYusuf Andriana, Tran Dang Xuan. Contribution of phenolic acids and dimethyl sulfone to the allelopathic effect of invasive Tridax procumbens. Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical. 2020; 50 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYusuf Andriana; Tran Dang Xuan. 2020. "Contribution of phenolic acids and dimethyl sulfone to the allelopathic effect of invasive Tridax procumbens." Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical 50, no. : 1.
Chilling is one of the major abiotic stress which limites yield and quality of many crops. The seedlings of rice varieties namely Koshihikari (Japonica subtype) chilling tolerant, and the susceptible NMR2 (Indica subtype) were treated at 25/15 °C and 5/4 °C day/night to determine the growth parameters, phenolic contents, and antioxidant activity. It was found that in all treatments, the growth of MNR2 including root and shoot lengths, and leaf and root weights were inhibited at greater levels than Koshihikari. There were seven phenolic acids identified in leaves of Koshihikari including caffeic acid, vanillin, ferulic acid, sinapic acid, benzoic acid, ellagic acid, and cinamic acid, but only benzoic acid and ellagic acid were found in leaves of MNR2. In contrast, only vanillic acid and ellagic acid were observed in roots of Koshihikari, whilst ellagic acid and cinnamic acid were found in roots of MNR2. It was found that rice reduced amount of phenolic acids but promoted quantity of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) and level of antioxidant activity in chilling stress, although the level of responses varied between Japonica and Indica subtypes. Tolerant rice possessed greater bound flavonoids, phenolics and phenolic acids, but susceptible rice accumulated greater free TPC and TFC in reduced temperature. Findings of this study highlighted that phenolic constituents in bound forms of phenols, polyphenols, and flavonoids may play an active role in rice plants than phenolic acids under chilling stress but need further elaboration.
Ramin Rayee; Tran Dang Xuan; Hoang Dung Tran; Naqib Ahmad Fakoori; Tran Dang Khanh; Tran Dang Dat. Responses of Flavonoids, Phenolics, and Antioxidant Activity in Rice Seedlings between Japonica and Indica Subtypes to Chilling Stress. International Letters of Natural Sciences 2020, 77, 41 -50.
AMA StyleRamin Rayee, Tran Dang Xuan, Hoang Dung Tran, Naqib Ahmad Fakoori, Tran Dang Khanh, Tran Dang Dat. Responses of Flavonoids, Phenolics, and Antioxidant Activity in Rice Seedlings between Japonica and Indica Subtypes to Chilling Stress. International Letters of Natural Sciences. 2020; 77 ():41-50.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRamin Rayee; Tran Dang Xuan; Hoang Dung Tran; Naqib Ahmad Fakoori; Tran Dang Khanh; Tran Dang Dat. 2020. "Responses of Flavonoids, Phenolics, and Antioxidant Activity in Rice Seedlings between Japonica and Indica Subtypes to Chilling Stress." International Letters of Natural Sciences 77, no. : 41-50.
Clausena indica fruits are routinely used for the culinary purpose as natural spices, whereas leaves and roots are folk medicine with various health benefits in southern China, South and Southeast Asia. In this study, the bioassay-guided fractionation by column chromatography yielded three pure compounds including dentatin, nordentatin, and clausine K and five active fractions (Re1-5) from C. indica roots. These known anticancer compounds were confirmed by X-ray diffraction, 1H-, 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric (ESI-MS-MS) analyses. Meanwhile, the phytochemical constituents from fractions were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The isolates, fractions’ components and their biological activities were first time investigated on C. indica. By in vitro DPPH and ABTS scavenging assays, nordentatin (IC50 = 49.2 and 69.9 µg/mL, respectively) and the fraction Re4 (32.4 and 38.5 µg/mL, respectively) showed the strongest antiradical activities, whereas clausine K presented a moderate and dentatin had negligible antioxidant activity, respectively. The anti-α-amylase activity of C. indica root extracts was mainly attributed to the fraction Re2 which inactivated the enzymatic assay with IC50 of 573.8 µg/mL. Among tested samples, only nordentatin and clausine K were effective in the pancreatic elastase inhibition, however, their influences were trivial. Markedly, clausine K and Re4 performed the most remarkable tyrosinase inhibition with IC50 values of 179.5 and 243.8 µg/mL, respectively, which were in turn 4 and 3 times stronger than myricetin (IC50 = 735.6 µg/mL), a well-known tyrosinase inhibitor. This is the first report affirming clausine K to be a new strong tyrosinase inhibitor. Isolated compounds from C. indica roots were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), of which, dentatin, nordentatin, and clausine K accounted for 14.74, 6.14, and 1.28 mg/g dry weight. The findings suggest that bioactive constituents from C. indica roots may be potentially employed for the development of antidiabetic, antiaging and cosmetic agents.
Nguyen Van Quan; Tran Dang Xuan; La Hoang Anh; Hoang-Dung Tran. Bio-Guided Isolation of Prospective Bioactive Constituents from Roots of Clausena indica (Dalzell) Oliv. Molecules 2019, 24, 4442 .
AMA StyleNguyen Van Quan, Tran Dang Xuan, La Hoang Anh, Hoang-Dung Tran. Bio-Guided Isolation of Prospective Bioactive Constituents from Roots of Clausena indica (Dalzell) Oliv. Molecules. 2019; 24 (24):4442.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNguyen Van Quan; Tran Dang Xuan; La Hoang Anh; Hoang-Dung Tran. 2019. "Bio-Guided Isolation of Prospective Bioactive Constituents from Roots of Clausena indica (Dalzell) Oliv." Molecules 24, no. 24: 4442.
Attempts regarding the improvement and development of novel rice with better quality and higher productivity have been increasing. Among approaches, mutation is a direct alteration on the genome and considered as one of the most beneficial routes to acquire new beneficial traits in rice. An experiment was carried out to explore the effects of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) mutation on the antioxidant activities, phytochemical compounds, and momilactones A (MA) and B (MB) in rice. Two rice cultivars, K1 (an original cultivar DT84) and K2 (mutated DT84), were examined. Antioxidant activities, phenolic compounds, and momilactones of the rice grain, husk, and straw portions were measured and quantified. Antioxidant activities were higher in grain and straw of K2, whereas K1 showed greater antioxidant activity in rice husk. Additionally, K2 displayed higher total phenolic contents (TPC) in grain and straw as well as lower of it in the husk, but these variations significantly differed only in the straw portion. An increase in total flavonoid contents (TFC) was observed in the husk of K1, while K2 significantly enhanced TFC in straw. Both MA and MB, two compounds obtaining antidiabetes, anticancer, antimicrobial, antigout, and antiobesity properties, were detected and quantified in grain, husk, and straw of K1 and K2 samples. Generally, the contents of MA were higher than MB in all tested portions of rice crop. MA and MB were higher in straw followed by those in husk and grain, respectively. K2 contained higher amounts of MA and MB in straw and husk, but lower contents in grain compared with those in K1. This study illustrates that MNU mutation can improve grain quality and enhance bioactive compounds in straw, husk, and grain of rice. This approach has the potential to develop functional foods from rice, and therefore help farmers in developing countries to improve value in rice production.
Kifayatullah Kakar; Tran Dang Xuan; Nguyen Van Quan; Imran Khan Wafa; Hoang-Dung Tran; Tran Dang Khanh; Tran Dang Dat. Efficacy of N-Methyl-N-Nitrosourea Mutation on Physicochemical Properties, Phytochemicals, and Momilactones A and B in Rice. Sustainability 2019, 11, 6862 .
AMA StyleKifayatullah Kakar, Tran Dang Xuan, Nguyen Van Quan, Imran Khan Wafa, Hoang-Dung Tran, Tran Dang Khanh, Tran Dang Dat. Efficacy of N-Methyl-N-Nitrosourea Mutation on Physicochemical Properties, Phytochemicals, and Momilactones A and B in Rice. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (23):6862.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKifayatullah Kakar; Tran Dang Xuan; Nguyen Van Quan; Imran Khan Wafa; Hoang-Dung Tran; Tran Dang Khanh; Tran Dang Dat. 2019. "Efficacy of N-Methyl-N-Nitrosourea Mutation on Physicochemical Properties, Phytochemicals, and Momilactones A and B in Rice." Sustainability 11, no. 23: 6862.
Rolf Teschke; Tran Dang Xuan. How can green tea polyphenols affect drug metabolism and should we be concerned? Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology 2019, 15, 989 -991.
AMA StyleRolf Teschke, Tran Dang Xuan. How can green tea polyphenols affect drug metabolism and should we be concerned? Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology. 2019; 15 (12):989-991.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRolf Teschke; Tran Dang Xuan. 2019. "How can green tea polyphenols affect drug metabolism and should we be concerned?" Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology 15, no. 12: 989-991.
We previously reported the inhibitory potentials of momilactones A (MA) and B (MB) against key enzymes related to type 2 diabetes and obesity. In this study, antioxidant and anti-skin-aging activities of MA and MB were investigated and compared with tricin, a well-known antioxidant and antiaging flavonoid in rice. MA, MB, and tricin were purified from rice husk by column chromatography and their biological activities were subsequently assayed by in vitro trials. The contents of MA, MB, and tricin of different commercial rice cultivars in Japan were quantified and confirmed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses. The antioxidant assays revealed a synergistic activity of the mixture MA and MB (MAB, 1:1, v/v). In addition, in 2,2’-azino-bis (ABTS) assay, IC50 values of MAB (0.3 mg/mL) and tricin (0.3 mg/mL) was 4-fold and 9-fold greater than that of individual MB (1.3 mg/mL) or MA (2.8 mg/mL), respectively. The in vitro enzymatic assays on pancreatic elastase and tyrosinase indicated that MA and MB were potential to relief skin wrinkles and freckles. In detail, MA exerted higher inhibition on both enzymatic activities (30.9 and 37.6% for elastase and tyrosinase inhibition, respectively) than MB (18.5 and 12.6%) and MAB (32.0 and 19.7%) at a concentration of 2.0 mg/mL. Notably, MA and the mixture MAB exhibited stronger inhibitions on elastase and tyrosinase in comparison with tricin and vanillin. MA, MB, and tricin in rice are potential to develop cosmetics as well as supplements for skin aging treatments.
Nguyen Van Quan; Dam Duy Thien; Tran Dang Khanh; Hoang-Dung Tran; Tran Dang Xuan; Quan; Tran; Xuan. Momilactones A, B, and Tricin in Rice Grain and By-Products are Potential Skin Aging Inhibitors. Foods 2019, 8, 602 .
AMA StyleNguyen Van Quan, Dam Duy Thien, Tran Dang Khanh, Hoang-Dung Tran, Tran Dang Xuan, Quan, Tran, Xuan. Momilactones A, B, and Tricin in Rice Grain and By-Products are Potential Skin Aging Inhibitors. Foods. 2019; 8 (12):602.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNguyen Van Quan; Dam Duy Thien; Tran Dang Khanh; Hoang-Dung Tran; Tran Dang Xuan; Quan; Tran; Xuan. 2019. "Momilactones A, B, and Tricin in Rice Grain and By-Products are Potential Skin Aging Inhibitors." Foods 8, no. 12: 602.
In many developing countries, obtaining financial services at affordable rates and fair terms has been a significant challenge for small and medium enterprises (SMEs). However, this issue has not been paid much attention in Vietnam, even though SMEs account for about 95% of total enterprises and the financial market of the country has not been well developed. This study investigates the causal effects of access to finance on productivity of SMEs operating in the manufacturing sector in Vietnam. Productivity was measured as the total factor productivity (TFP) obtained by production function estimation using the Levinsohn and Petrin approach. Regarding financial accessibility, two factors covered the extent to which firms might have a bank loan or overdraft facility were employed. To study the causal inferences of access to finance on firm productivity, the research adopted the difference-in-differences (DID) approach, as well as the propensity score matching (PSM) coupled with DID technique. The empirical results indicated that improving the financial accessibility could directly enhance firm productivity. Particularly, it was shown that firms having access to a bank loan could significantly improve TFP by approximately 8.6% in the DID model and about 9% in the PSM-DID model. Meanwhile, the firm average TFP increased by approximately 12.3% and 15.7% in simple DID and PSM-DID models, respectively, when firms had an overdraft facility. These findings suggest that the government should put more effort into assisting SMEs in generating bankable projects, and create a sound and healthy financial environment to stimulate firms’ access to finance, which will ensure their sustainability and growth.
Mai Huong Giang; Bui Huy Trung; Yuichiro Yoshida; Tran Dang Xuan; Mai Thanh Que. The Causal Effect of Access to Finance on Productivity of Small and Medium Enterprises in Vietnam. Sustainability 2019, 11, 5451 .
AMA StyleMai Huong Giang, Bui Huy Trung, Yuichiro Yoshida, Tran Dang Xuan, Mai Thanh Que. The Causal Effect of Access to Finance on Productivity of Small and Medium Enterprises in Vietnam. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (19):5451.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMai Huong Giang; Bui Huy Trung; Yuichiro Yoshida; Tran Dang Xuan; Mai Thanh Que. 2019. "The Causal Effect of Access to Finance on Productivity of Small and Medium Enterprises in Vietnam." Sustainability 11, no. 19: 5451.