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Archimedes Screws Turbines (ASTs) are a new form of small hydroelectric powerplant that can be applied even in low head sites. ASTs offer a clean and renewable source of energy and are safer for wildlife and especially fish than other hydro generation options. As with other energy solutions, ASTs are not a global solution for all situations. However, in terms of sustainable development, ASTs can offer many economic, social, and environmental advantages that make them an important option for providing sustainable hydropower development. Archimedes screws can operate in low water heads (less than about 5 m) and a range of flow rates with practical efficiencies of 60% to 80% and can generate up to 355 kW of power. ASTs increase the number of suitable sites where it is possible to develop sustainable hydropower, including in undeveloped, hard to access regions and small communities. At many low head sites, ASTs may be more cost-effective, with lower installation and operating costs than alternative hydropower systems. An AST may also reduce the disturbance of natural sedimentation and erosion processes and have smaller impacts on fish and other fauna. ASTs can often be retrofit to existing unpowered dams or weirs, providing new hydropower capacity for very little marginal environmental impact. This review outlines the characteristics of ASTs, then discusses and analyzes how they could benefit the sustainability of hydropower development.
Arash YoosefDoost; William Lubitz. Archimedes Screw Turbines: A Sustainable Development Solution for Green and Renewable Energy Generation—A Review of Potential and Design Procedures. Sustainability 2020, 12, 7352 .
AMA StyleArash YoosefDoost, William Lubitz. Archimedes Screw Turbines: A Sustainable Development Solution for Green and Renewable Energy Generation—A Review of Potential and Design Procedures. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (18):7352.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArash YoosefDoost; William Lubitz. 2020. "Archimedes Screw Turbines: A Sustainable Development Solution for Green and Renewable Energy Generation—A Review of Potential and Design Procedures." Sustainability 12, no. 18: 7352.
Continuous monitoring of water quality in dam reservoirs is a typically difficult and costly operation. In this study, the results of computer modeling with the CE-QUAL-W2 model were combined with data mining techniques to develop a new method called “delta-normal stress” for identifying the critical temporal and spatial monitoring ranges. For this purpose, long-term variations of three quality parameters including nitrite-nitrate level, dissolved oxygen (DO) level, and water temperature near the outlet of the dam, which is the point of interest for reservoir exploitation, were analyzed. Based on this analysis, the time intervals and depth ranges with the highest frequency of significant variations in terms of each parameter were identified. The results showed that given the difference between the delta-normal stress trend of temperature and that of other parameters in Karkheh Dam Reservoir, temperature can be monitored at much lower sampling resolutions and using cheaper methods and equipment without sacrificing accuracy. Based on the frequency of occurrence of delta-normal stress of more than 20% above the total average, the key sampling times and locations for nitrite-nitrate and DO levels were determined to be the periods of January–February, February–March, and March–April, and depths of 60, 55, 50, and 5 m, respectively.
Arash YoosefDoost; Mohsen Karrabi; Najmeh Rezazadeh; Mehrdad Mirabi. Development of the delta-normal stress combining CE-QUAL-W2 as a novel method for spatio-temporal monitoring of water quality in Karkheh Dam Reservoir. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 2020, 192, 1 -13.
AMA StyleArash YoosefDoost, Mohsen Karrabi, Najmeh Rezazadeh, Mehrdad Mirabi. Development of the delta-normal stress combining CE-QUAL-W2 as a novel method for spatio-temporal monitoring of water quality in Karkheh Dam Reservoir. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 2020; 192 (5):1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArash YoosefDoost; Mohsen Karrabi; Najmeh Rezazadeh; Mehrdad Mirabi. 2020. "Development of the delta-normal stress combining CE-QUAL-W2 as a novel method for spatio-temporal monitoring of water quality in Karkheh Dam Reservoir." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 192, no. 5: 1-13.