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I did my Ph.D. in Neurobiology from PGIMER, Chandigarh. I am having more than 15 years of research and teaching experience and published more than 75 papers in various international journals like JAMA, Ageing Research Reviews, Signal Transduction & Targeted Therapy, Alzheimer's & Dementia, ACS Nano, Cancer Letter, Brain Pathology, Cancers (MDPI) etc. Currently I am also serving as Associate Editor for Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience and BMC Neuroscience. To my credit I am having more than 10 years of postdoc experience from McGill university, Canada; Emory University, Atlanta, USA; NASA; Oregon Health Science University, Portland, USA; Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA. I got multiple grants from various funding agencies and also served as a Grant reviewer. Besides, Ad hoc reviewer for PNAS, Journal of Neuroscience, PlosOne, BBA-Molecular Basis of Disease, Neurobiology of Aging, Arabian Journal of Chemistry, Frontiers Journals, BMC Journals, BOC, laboratory Investigation, Scientific Reports, Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Diabetes, Neurotoxicology, etc. I did participation and presented the research findings in various international conferences like SFN, Radiation research Society, etc. I got various best oral presentation and poster awards.
Two adenovirus-based vaccines, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and Ad26.COV2.S, and two mRNA-based vaccines, BNT162b2 and mRNA.1273, have been approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA), and are invaluable in preventing and reducing the incidence of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Recent reports have pointed to thrombosis with associated thrombocytopenia as an adverse effect occurring at a low frequency in some individuals after vaccination. The causes of such events may be related to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein interactions with different C-type lectin receptors, heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) and the CD147 receptor, or to different soluble splice variants of the spike protein, adenovirus vector interactions with the CD46 receptor or platelet factor 4 antibodies. Similar findings have been reported for several viral diseases after vaccine administration. In addition, immunological mechanisms elicited by viral vectors related to cellular delivery could play a relevant role in individuals with certain genetic backgrounds. Although rare, the potential COVID-19 vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) requires immediate validation, especially in risk groups, such as the elderly, chronic smokers, and individuals with pre-existing incidences of thrombocytopenia; and if necessary, a reformulation of existing vaccines.
Kenneth Lundstrom; Debmalya Barh; Bruce Uhal; Kazuo Takayama; Alaa Aljabali; Tarek Abd El-Aziz; Amos Lal; ElRashdy Redwan; Parise Adadi; Gaurav Chauhan; Samendra Sherchan; Gajendra Azad; Nima Rezaei; Ángel Serrano-Aroca; Nicolas Bazan; Sk Hassan; Pritam Panda; Pabitra Pal Choudhury; Damiano Pizzol; Ramesh Kandimalla; Wagner Baetas-Da-Cruz; Yogendra Mishra; Giorgio Palu; Adam Brufsky; Murtaza Tambuwala; Vladimir Uversky. COVID-19 Vaccines and Thrombosis—Roadblock or Dead-End Street? Biomolecules 2021, 11, 1020 .
AMA StyleKenneth Lundstrom, Debmalya Barh, Bruce Uhal, Kazuo Takayama, Alaa Aljabali, Tarek Abd El-Aziz, Amos Lal, ElRashdy Redwan, Parise Adadi, Gaurav Chauhan, Samendra Sherchan, Gajendra Azad, Nima Rezaei, Ángel Serrano-Aroca, Nicolas Bazan, Sk Hassan, Pritam Panda, Pabitra Pal Choudhury, Damiano Pizzol, Ramesh Kandimalla, Wagner Baetas-Da-Cruz, Yogendra Mishra, Giorgio Palu, Adam Brufsky, Murtaza Tambuwala, Vladimir Uversky. COVID-19 Vaccines and Thrombosis—Roadblock or Dead-End Street? Biomolecules. 2021; 11 (7):1020.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKenneth Lundstrom; Debmalya Barh; Bruce Uhal; Kazuo Takayama; Alaa Aljabali; Tarek Abd El-Aziz; Amos Lal; ElRashdy Redwan; Parise Adadi; Gaurav Chauhan; Samendra Sherchan; Gajendra Azad; Nima Rezaei; Ángel Serrano-Aroca; Nicolas Bazan; Sk Hassan; Pritam Panda; Pabitra Pal Choudhury; Damiano Pizzol; Ramesh Kandimalla; Wagner Baetas-Da-Cruz; Yogendra Mishra; Giorgio Palu; Adam Brufsky; Murtaza Tambuwala; Vladimir Uversky. 2021. "COVID-19 Vaccines and Thrombosis—Roadblock or Dead-End Street?" Biomolecules 11, no. 7: 1020.
The unremitting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) marked a year-long phase of public health adversaries and has severely compromised healthcare globally. Early evidence of COVID-19 noted its impact on the pulmonary and cardiovascular functions, while multiple studies in recent time shed light on its substantial neurological complications, though a comprehensive understanding of the cause(s), the mechanism(s), and their neuropathological outcomes is scarce. In the present review, we conferred evidence of neurological complications in COVID-19 patients and shed light on the SARS-CoV-2 infection routes including the hematogenous, direct/neuronal, lymphatic tissue or cerebrospinal fluid, or infiltration through infected immune cells, while the underlying mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 invasion to the central nervous system (CNS) was also discussed. In an up-to-date manner, we further reviewed the impact of COVID-19 in developing diverse neurologic manifestations associated with CNS, peripheral nervous system (PNS), skeletal muscle, and also pre-existing neurological diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, and myasthenia gravis. Furthermore, we discussed the involvement of key factors including age, sex, comorbidity, and disease severity in exacerbating the neurologic manifestations in COVID-19 patients. An outlook of present therapeutic strategies and state of existing challenges in COVID-19 management was also accessed. Conclusively, the present report provides a comprehensive review of COVID-19-related neurological complications and emphasizes the need for their early clinical management in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
Saikat Dewanjee; Jayalakshmi Vallamkondu; Rajkumar Singh Kalra; Nagaprasad Puvvada; Ramesh Kandimalla; P. Hemachandra Reddy. Emerging COVID-19 Neurological Manifestations: Present Outlook and Potential Neurological Challenges in COVID-19 Pandemic. Molecular Neurobiology 2021, 1 -22.
AMA StyleSaikat Dewanjee, Jayalakshmi Vallamkondu, Rajkumar Singh Kalra, Nagaprasad Puvvada, Ramesh Kandimalla, P. Hemachandra Reddy. Emerging COVID-19 Neurological Manifestations: Present Outlook and Potential Neurological Challenges in COVID-19 Pandemic. Molecular Neurobiology. 2021; ():1-22.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSaikat Dewanjee; Jayalakshmi Vallamkondu; Rajkumar Singh Kalra; Nagaprasad Puvvada; Ramesh Kandimalla; P. Hemachandra Reddy. 2021. "Emerging COVID-19 Neurological Manifestations: Present Outlook and Potential Neurological Challenges in COVID-19 Pandemic." Molecular Neurobiology , no. : 1-22.
The spectrum of health complications instigated by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19, caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 or SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has been diverse and complex. Besides the evident pulmonary and cardiovascular threats, accumulating clinical data points to several neurological complications, which are more common in elderly COVID-19 patients. Recent pieces of evidence have marked events of neuro infection and neuroinvasion, producing several neurological complications in COVID-19 patients; however, a systematic understanding of neuro-pathophysiology and manifested neurological complications, more specifically in elderly COVID-19 patients is largely elusive. Since the elderly population gradually develops neurological disorders with aging, COVID-19 inevitably poses a higher risk of neurological manifestations to the aged patients. In this report, we reviewed SARS-CoV-2 infection and its role in neurological manifestations with an emphasis on the elderly population. We reviewed neuropathological events including neuroinfection, neuroinvasion, and their underlying mechanisms affecting neuromuscular, central- and peripheral- nervous systems. We further assessed the imminent neurological challenges in the COVID-19 exposed population, post-SARS-CoV-2-infection. Given the present state of clinical preparedness, the emerging role of AI and machine learning was also discussed concerning COVID-19 diagnostics and its management. Taken together, the present review summarizes neurological outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated complications, specifically in elderly patients, and underlines the need for their clinical management in advance.
Rajkumar Singh Kalra; Jaspreet Kaur Dhanjal; Avtar Singh Meena; Vishal C. Kalel; Surya Dahiya; Birbal Singh; Saikat Dewanjee; Ramesh Kandimalla. COVID-19, Neuropathology, and Aging: SARS-CoV-2 Neurological Infection, Mechanism, and Associated Complications. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience 2021, 13, 662786 .
AMA StyleRajkumar Singh Kalra, Jaspreet Kaur Dhanjal, Avtar Singh Meena, Vishal C. Kalel, Surya Dahiya, Birbal Singh, Saikat Dewanjee, Ramesh Kandimalla. COVID-19, Neuropathology, and Aging: SARS-CoV-2 Neurological Infection, Mechanism, and Associated Complications. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience. 2021; 13 ():662786.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRajkumar Singh Kalra; Jaspreet Kaur Dhanjal; Avtar Singh Meena; Vishal C. Kalel; Surya Dahiya; Birbal Singh; Saikat Dewanjee; Ramesh Kandimalla. 2021. "COVID-19, Neuropathology, and Aging: SARS-CoV-2 Neurological Infection, Mechanism, and Associated Complications." Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience 13, no. : 662786.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the principal manifestations of metabolic syndrome and its prevalence with modern lifestyle is increasing incessantly. Chronic hyperglycemia can induce several vascular complications that were referred to be the major cause of morbidity and mortality in DM. Although several therapeutic targets have been identified and accessed clinically, the imminent risk of DM and its prevalence are still ascending. Substantial pieces of evidence revealed that histone deacetylase (HDAC) isoforms can regulate various molecular activities in DM via epigenetic and post-translational regulation of several transcription factors. To date, 18 HDAC isoforms have been identified in mammals that were categorized into four different classes. Classes I, II, and IV are regarded as classical HDACs, which operate through a Zn-based mechanism. In contrast, class III HDACs or Sirtuins depend on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) for their molecular activity. Functionally, most of the HDAC isoforms can regulate β cell fate, insulin release, insulin expression and signaling, and glucose metabolism. Moreover, the roles of HDAC members have been implicated in the regulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, fibrosis, and other pathological events, which substantially contribute to diabetes-related vascular dysfunctions. Therefore, HDACs could serve as the potential therapeutic target in DM towards developing novel intervention strategies. This review sheds light on the emerging role of HDACs/isoforms in diabetic pathophysiology and emphasized the scope of their targeting in DM for constituting novel interventional strategies for metabolic disorders/complications.
Saikat Dewanjee; Jayalakshmi Vallamkondu; Rajkumar Kalra; Pratik Chakraborty; Moumita Gangopadhyay; Ranabir Sahu; Vijaykrishna Medala; Albin John; P. Reddy; Vincenzo De Feo; Ramesh Kandimalla. The Emerging Role of HDACs: Pathology and Therapeutic Targets in Diabetes Mellitus. Cells 2021, 10, 1340 .
AMA StyleSaikat Dewanjee, Jayalakshmi Vallamkondu, Rajkumar Kalra, Pratik Chakraborty, Moumita Gangopadhyay, Ranabir Sahu, Vijaykrishna Medala, Albin John, P. Reddy, Vincenzo De Feo, Ramesh Kandimalla. The Emerging Role of HDACs: Pathology and Therapeutic Targets in Diabetes Mellitus. Cells. 2021; 10 (6):1340.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSaikat Dewanjee; Jayalakshmi Vallamkondu; Rajkumar Kalra; Pratik Chakraborty; Moumita Gangopadhyay; Ranabir Sahu; Vijaykrishna Medala; Albin John; P. Reddy; Vincenzo De Feo; Ramesh Kandimalla. 2021. "The Emerging Role of HDACs: Pathology and Therapeutic Targets in Diabetes Mellitus." Cells 10, no. 6: 1340.
The current Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) shows similar pathology to MERS and SARS-CoV, with a current estimated fatality rate of 1.4%. Open reading frame 10 (ORF10) is a unique SARS-CoV-2 accessory protein, which contains eleven cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes each of nine amino acids in length. Twenty-two unique SARS-CoV-2 ORF10 variants have been identified based on missense mutations found in sequence databases. Some of these mutations are predicted to decrease the stability of ORF10 in silico physicochemical and structural comparative analyses were carried out on SARS-CoV-2 and Pangolin-CoV ORF10 proteins, which share 97.37% amino acid (aa) homology. Though there is a high degree of ORF10 protein similarity of SARS-CoV-2 and Pangolin-CoV, there are differences of these two ORF10 proteins related to their sub-structure (loop/coil region), solubility, antigenicity and shift from strand to coil at aa position 26 (tyrosine). SARS-CoV-2 ORF10, which is apparently expressed in vivo since reactive T cell clones are found in convalescent patients should be monitored for changes which could correlate with the pathogenesis of COVID-19.
Sk. Sarif Hassan; Diksha Attrish; Shinjini Ghosh; Pabitra Pal Choudhury; Vladimir N. Uversky; Alaa A.A. Aljabali; Kenneth Lundstrom; Bruce D. Uhal; Nima Rezaei; Murat Seyran; Damiano Pizzol; Parise Adadi; Antonio Soares; Tarek Mohamed Abd El-Aziz; Ramesh Kandimalla; Murtaza M. Tambuwala; Gajendra Kumar Azad; Samendra P. Sherchan; Wagner Baetas-Da-Cruz; Amos Lal; Giorgio Palù; Kazuo Takayama; Ángel Serrano-Aroca; Debmalya Barh; Adam M. Brufsky. Notable sequence homology of the ORF10 protein introspects the architecture of SARS-CoV-2. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 2021, 181, 801 -809.
AMA StyleSk. Sarif Hassan, Diksha Attrish, Shinjini Ghosh, Pabitra Pal Choudhury, Vladimir N. Uversky, Alaa A.A. Aljabali, Kenneth Lundstrom, Bruce D. Uhal, Nima Rezaei, Murat Seyran, Damiano Pizzol, Parise Adadi, Antonio Soares, Tarek Mohamed Abd El-Aziz, Ramesh Kandimalla, Murtaza M. Tambuwala, Gajendra Kumar Azad, Samendra P. Sherchan, Wagner Baetas-Da-Cruz, Amos Lal, Giorgio Palù, Kazuo Takayama, Ángel Serrano-Aroca, Debmalya Barh, Adam M. Brufsky. Notable sequence homology of the ORF10 protein introspects the architecture of SARS-CoV-2. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 2021; 181 ():801-809.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSk. Sarif Hassan; Diksha Attrish; Shinjini Ghosh; Pabitra Pal Choudhury; Vladimir N. Uversky; Alaa A.A. Aljabali; Kenneth Lundstrom; Bruce D. Uhal; Nima Rezaei; Murat Seyran; Damiano Pizzol; Parise Adadi; Antonio Soares; Tarek Mohamed Abd El-Aziz; Ramesh Kandimalla; Murtaza M. Tambuwala; Gajendra Kumar Azad; Samendra P. Sherchan; Wagner Baetas-Da-Cruz; Amos Lal; Giorgio Palù; Kazuo Takayama; Ángel Serrano-Aroca; Debmalya Barh; Adam M. Brufsky. 2021. "Notable sequence homology of the ORF10 protein introspects the architecture of SARS-CoV-2." International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 181, no. : 801-809.
Association of diabetes with an elevated risk of cardiac failure has been clinically evident. Diabetes potentiates diastolic and systolic cardiac failure following the myocardial infarction that produces the cardiac muscle-specific microvascular complication, clinically termed as diabetic cardiomyopathy. Elevated susceptibility of diabetic cardiomyopathy is primarily caused by the generation of free radicals in the hyperglycemic milieu, compromising the myocardial contractility and normal cardiac functions with increasing redox insult, impaired mitochondria, damaged organelles, apoptosis, and cardiomyocytes fibrosis. Autophagy is essentially involved in the recycling/clearing the damaged organelles, cytoplasmic contents, and aggregates, which are frequently produced in cardiomyocytes. Although autophagy plays a vital role in maintaining the cellular homeostasis in diligent cardiac tissues, this process is frequently impaired in the diabetic heart. Given its clinical significance, accumulating evidence largely showed the functional aspects of autophagy in diabetic cardiomyopathy, elucidating its intricate protective and pathogenic outcomes. However, etiology and molecular readouts of these contrary autophagy activities in diabetic cardiomyopathy are not yet comprehensively assessed and translated. In this review, we attempted to assess the role of autophagy and its adaptations in the diabetic heart. To delineate the molecular consequences of these events, we provided detailed insights into the autophagy regulation pieces of machinery including the mTOR/AMPK, TFEB/ZNSCAN3, FOXOs, SIRTs, PINK1/Parkin, Nrf2, miRNAs, and others in the diabetic cardiomyopathy. Given the clinical significance of autophagy in the diabetic heart, we further discussed the potential pharmacotherapeutic strategies towards targeting autophagy. Taken together, the present report meticulously assessed autophagy, its adaptations, and molecular regulations in diabetic cardiomyopathy and reviewed the current autophagy-targeting strategies.
Saikat Dewanjee; Jayalakshmi Vallamkondu; Rajkumar Singh Kalra; Albin John; P. Hemachandra Reddy; Ramesh Kandimalla. Autophagy in the diabetic heart: A potential pharmacotherapeutic target in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Ageing Research Reviews 2021, 68, 101338 .
AMA StyleSaikat Dewanjee, Jayalakshmi Vallamkondu, Rajkumar Singh Kalra, Albin John, P. Hemachandra Reddy, Ramesh Kandimalla. Autophagy in the diabetic heart: A potential pharmacotherapeutic target in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Ageing Research Reviews. 2021; 68 ():101338.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSaikat Dewanjee; Jayalakshmi Vallamkondu; Rajkumar Singh Kalra; Albin John; P. Hemachandra Reddy; Ramesh Kandimalla. 2021. "Autophagy in the diabetic heart: A potential pharmacotherapeutic target in diabetic cardiomyopathy." Ageing Research Reviews 68, no. : 101338.
Phylogenetic analysis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is focused on a single isolate of bat coronaviruses (bat CoVs) which does not adequately represent genetically related coronaviruses (CoVs)
Murat Seyran; Sk. Hassan; Vladimir Uversky; Pabitra Pal Choudhury; Bruce Uhal; Kenneth Lundstrom; Diksha Attrish; Nima Rezaei; Alaa Aljabali; Shinjini Ghosh; Damiano Pizzol; Parise Adadi; Tarek El-Aziz; Ramesh Kandimalla; Murtaza Tambuwala; Amos Lal; Gajendra Azad; Samendra Sherchan; Wagner Baetas-Da-Cruz; Giorgio Palù; Adam Brufsky. Urgent Need for Field Surveys of Coronaviruses in Southeast Asia to Understand the SARS-CoV-2 Phylogeny and Risk Assessment for Future Outbreaks. Biomolecules 2021, 11, 398 .
AMA StyleMurat Seyran, Sk. Hassan, Vladimir Uversky, Pabitra Pal Choudhury, Bruce Uhal, Kenneth Lundstrom, Diksha Attrish, Nima Rezaei, Alaa Aljabali, Shinjini Ghosh, Damiano Pizzol, Parise Adadi, Tarek El-Aziz, Ramesh Kandimalla, Murtaza Tambuwala, Amos Lal, Gajendra Azad, Samendra Sherchan, Wagner Baetas-Da-Cruz, Giorgio Palù, Adam Brufsky. Urgent Need for Field Surveys of Coronaviruses in Southeast Asia to Understand the SARS-CoV-2 Phylogeny and Risk Assessment for Future Outbreaks. Biomolecules. 2021; 11 (3):398.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMurat Seyran; Sk. Hassan; Vladimir Uversky; Pabitra Pal Choudhury; Bruce Uhal; Kenneth Lundstrom; Diksha Attrish; Nima Rezaei; Alaa Aljabali; Shinjini Ghosh; Damiano Pizzol; Parise Adadi; Tarek El-Aziz; Ramesh Kandimalla; Murtaza Tambuwala; Amos Lal; Gajendra Azad; Samendra Sherchan; Wagner Baetas-Da-Cruz; Giorgio Palù; Adam Brufsky. 2021. "Urgent Need for Field Surveys of Coronaviruses in Southeast Asia to Understand the SARS-CoV-2 Phylogeny and Risk Assessment for Future Outbreaks." Biomolecules 11, no. 3: 398.
Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become a major public health issue associated with a high risk of late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD). Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the molecular events that occur in the LOAD pathophysiology. The present study was planned to investigate the molecular alterations induced by hyperglycemia in the mitochondria of diabetic mice and further explore the possible ameliorative role of the mitochondria-targeted small peptide, SS31 in diabetic mice. For this purpose, we used a polygenic mouse model of type 2 diabetes, TALLYHO/JngJ (TH), and nondiabetic, SWR/J mice strains. The diabetic status in TH mice was confirmed at 8 weeks of age. The 24 weeks old experimental animals were segregated into three groups: Non-diabetic controls (SWR/J mice), diabetic (TH mice) and, SS31 treated diabetic TH mice. The mRNA and protein expression levels of mitochondrial proteins were investigated in all the study groups in the liver tissues using qPCR and immunoblot analysis. Also, the mitochondrial functions including H2O2 production, ATP generation, and lipid peroxidation were assessed in all the groups. Mitochondrial dysfunction was observed in TH mice as evident by significantly elevated H2O2 production, lipid peroxidation, and reduced ATP production. The mRNA expression and Western blot analysis of mitochondrial dynamics (Drp1 and Fis1 – fission; Mfn1, Mfn2, and Opa1 -fusion), and biogenesis (PGC-1α, Nrf1, Nrf2, and TFAM) genes were significantly altered in diabetic TH mice. Furthermore, SS31 treatment significantly reduced the mitochondrial abnormalities and restore mitochondrial functions in diabetic TH mice.
Jasvinder Singh Bhatti; Kavya Tamarai; Ramesh Kandimalla; Maria Manczak; Xiangling Yin; Bhagavathi Ramasubramanian; Neha Sawant; Jangampalli Adi Pradeepkiran; Murali Vijayan; Subodh Kumar; P. Hemachandra Reddy. Protective effects of a mitochondria-targeted small peptide SS31 against hyperglycemia-induced mitochondrial abnormalities in the liver tissues of diabetic mice, Tallyho/JngJ mice. Mitochondrion 2021, 58, 49 -58.
AMA StyleJasvinder Singh Bhatti, Kavya Tamarai, Ramesh Kandimalla, Maria Manczak, Xiangling Yin, Bhagavathi Ramasubramanian, Neha Sawant, Jangampalli Adi Pradeepkiran, Murali Vijayan, Subodh Kumar, P. Hemachandra Reddy. Protective effects of a mitochondria-targeted small peptide SS31 against hyperglycemia-induced mitochondrial abnormalities in the liver tissues of diabetic mice, Tallyho/JngJ mice. Mitochondrion. 2021; 58 ():49-58.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJasvinder Singh Bhatti; Kavya Tamarai; Ramesh Kandimalla; Maria Manczak; Xiangling Yin; Bhagavathi Ramasubramanian; Neha Sawant; Jangampalli Adi Pradeepkiran; Murali Vijayan; Subodh Kumar; P. Hemachandra Reddy. 2021. "Protective effects of a mitochondria-targeted small peptide SS31 against hyperglycemia-induced mitochondrial abnormalities in the liver tissues of diabetic mice, Tallyho/JngJ mice." Mitochondrion 58, no. : 49-58.
Rajkumar Singh Kalra; Ramesh Kandimalla. Engaging the spikes: heparan sulfate facilitates SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binding to ACE2 and potentiates viral infection. Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021, 6, 1 -2.
AMA StyleRajkumar Singh Kalra, Ramesh Kandimalla. Engaging the spikes: heparan sulfate facilitates SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binding to ACE2 and potentiates viral infection. Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy. 2021; 6 (1):1-2.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRajkumar Singh Kalra; Ramesh Kandimalla. 2021. "Engaging the spikes: heparan sulfate facilitates SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binding to ACE2 and potentiates viral infection." Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 6, no. 1: 1-2.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia and progressive neurodegenerative disease. The presence of β‐amyloid (Aβ) plaques and phosphorylated Tau tangles are considered to be the two main hallmarks of AD. Recent findings have shown that different changes in the structure and dynamics of mitochondria play an important role in AD pathology progression. Mitochondrial changes in AD are expressed as enhanced mitochondrial fragmentation, altered mitochondrial dynamics, and changes in the expression of mitochondrial biogenesis genes in vitro and in vivo models. Therefore, targeting mitochondria and associated mitochondrial proteins seems to be a promising alternative instead of targeting Aβ and Tau in the prevention of Alzheimer's disease. The dynamin‐related protein (Drp1) is one such protein that plays an important role in the regulation of mitochondrial division and maintenance of mitochondrial structures. Few researchers have shown that inhibition of Drp1 GTPase activity in neuronal cells rescues excessive mitochondrial fragmentation. In addition, the growing evidence revealed that Drp1 can interact with both Aβ and Tau protein in human brain tissues and mouse models. In this review, we would like to update existing knowledge about various changes in and around mitochondria related to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, with particular emphasis on mitophagy and autophagy.
Vijay Krishna Medala; Buchaiah Gollapelli; Saikat Dewanjee; Gilbert Ogunmokun; Ramesh Kandimalla; Jayalakshmi Vallamkondu. Mitochondrial dysfunction, mitophagy, and role of dynamin‐related protein 1 in Alzheimer's disease. Journal of Neuroscience Research 2021, 99, 1120 -1135.
AMA StyleVijay Krishna Medala, Buchaiah Gollapelli, Saikat Dewanjee, Gilbert Ogunmokun, Ramesh Kandimalla, Jayalakshmi Vallamkondu. Mitochondrial dysfunction, mitophagy, and role of dynamin‐related protein 1 in Alzheimer's disease. Journal of Neuroscience Research. 2021; 99 (4):1120-1135.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVijay Krishna Medala; Buchaiah Gollapelli; Saikat Dewanjee; Gilbert Ogunmokun; Ramesh Kandimalla; Jayalakshmi Vallamkondu. 2021. "Mitochondrial dysfunction, mitophagy, and role of dynamin‐related protein 1 in Alzheimer's disease." Journal of Neuroscience Research 99, no. 4: 1120-1135.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the cellular receptor for the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that is engendering the severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The spike (S) protein receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 binds to the three sub-domains viz. amino acids (aa) 22–42, aa 79–84, and aa 330–393 of ACE2 on human cells to initiate entry. It was reported earlier that the receptor utilization capacity of ACE2 proteins from different species, such as cats, chimpanzees, dogs, and cattle, are different. A comprehensive analysis of ACE2 receptors of nineteen species was carried out in this study, and the findings propose a possible SARS-CoV-2 transmission flow across these nineteen species.
Sk. Sarif Hassan; Shinjini Ghosh; Diksha Attrish; Pabitra Pal Choudhury; Alaa A. A. Aljabali; Bruce D. Uhal; Kenneth Lundstrom; Nima Rezaei; Vladimir N. Uversky; Murat Seyran; Damiano Pizzol; Parise Adadi; Antonio Soares; Tarek Mohamed Abd El-Aziz; Ramesh Kandimalla; Murtaza M. Tambuwala; Gajendra Kumar Azad; Samendra P. Sherchan; Wagner Baetas-Da-Cruz; Kazuo Takayama; Ángel Serrano-Aroca; Gaurav Chauhan; Giorgio Palu; Adam M. Brufsky. Possible Transmission Flow of SARS-CoV-2 Based on ACE2 Features. Molecules 2020, 25, 5906 .
AMA StyleSk. Sarif Hassan, Shinjini Ghosh, Diksha Attrish, Pabitra Pal Choudhury, Alaa A. A. Aljabali, Bruce D. Uhal, Kenneth Lundstrom, Nima Rezaei, Vladimir N. Uversky, Murat Seyran, Damiano Pizzol, Parise Adadi, Antonio Soares, Tarek Mohamed Abd El-Aziz, Ramesh Kandimalla, Murtaza M. Tambuwala, Gajendra Kumar Azad, Samendra P. Sherchan, Wagner Baetas-Da-Cruz, Kazuo Takayama, Ángel Serrano-Aroca, Gaurav Chauhan, Giorgio Palu, Adam M. Brufsky. Possible Transmission Flow of SARS-CoV-2 Based on ACE2 Features. Molecules. 2020; 25 (24):5906.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSk. Sarif Hassan; Shinjini Ghosh; Diksha Attrish; Pabitra Pal Choudhury; Alaa A. A. Aljabali; Bruce D. Uhal; Kenneth Lundstrom; Nima Rezaei; Vladimir N. Uversky; Murat Seyran; Damiano Pizzol; Parise Adadi; Antonio Soares; Tarek Mohamed Abd El-Aziz; Ramesh Kandimalla; Murtaza M. Tambuwala; Gajendra Kumar Azad; Samendra P. Sherchan; Wagner Baetas-Da-Cruz; Kazuo Takayama; Ángel Serrano-Aroca; Gaurav Chauhan; Giorgio Palu; Adam M. Brufsky. 2020. "Possible Transmission Flow of SARS-CoV-2 Based on ACE2 Features." Molecules 25, no. 24: 5906.
The origin of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus causing the COVID-19 pandemic has not yet been fully determined. Despite the consensus about the SARS-CoV-2 origin from bat CoV RaTG13, discrepancy to host tropism to other human Coronaviruses exist. SARS-CoV-2 also possesses some differences in its S protein receptor-binding domain, glycan-binding N-terminal domain and the surface of the sialic acid-binding domain. Despite similarities based on cryo-EM and biochemical studies, the SARS-CoV-2 shows higher stability and binding affinity to the ACE2 receptor. The SARS-CoV-2 does not appear to present a mutational “hot spot” as only the D614G mutation has been identified from clinical isolates. As laboratory manipulation is highly unlikely for the origin of SARS-CoV-2, the current possibilities comprise either natural selection in animal host before zoonotic transfer or natural selection in humans following zoonotic transfer. In the former case, despite SARS-CoV-2 and bat RaTG13 showing 96% identity some pangolin Coronaviruses exhibit very high similarity to particularly the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2. In the latter case, it can be hypothesized that the SARS-CoV-2 genome has adapted during human-to-human transmission and based on available data, the isolated SARS-CoV-2 genomes derive from a common origin. Before the origin of SARS-CoV-2 can be confirmed additional research is required
Kenneth Lundstrom; Murat Seyran; Damiano Pizzol; Parise Adadi; Tarek Mohamed Abd El-Aziz; Sk. Sarif Hassan; Antonio Soares; Ramesh Kandimalla; Murtaza M. Tambuwala; Alaa A. A. Aljabali; Gajendra Kumar Azad; Pabitra Pal Choudhury; Vladimir N. Uversky; Samendra P. Sherchan; Bruce D. Uhal; Nima Rezaei; Adam M. Brufsky. The Importance of Research on the Origin of SARS-CoV-2. Viruses 2020, 12, 1203 .
AMA StyleKenneth Lundstrom, Murat Seyran, Damiano Pizzol, Parise Adadi, Tarek Mohamed Abd El-Aziz, Sk. Sarif Hassan, Antonio Soares, Ramesh Kandimalla, Murtaza M. Tambuwala, Alaa A. A. Aljabali, Gajendra Kumar Azad, Pabitra Pal Choudhury, Vladimir N. Uversky, Samendra P. Sherchan, Bruce D. Uhal, Nima Rezaei, Adam M. Brufsky. The Importance of Research on the Origin of SARS-CoV-2. Viruses. 2020; 12 (11):1203.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKenneth Lundstrom; Murat Seyran; Damiano Pizzol; Parise Adadi; Tarek Mohamed Abd El-Aziz; Sk. Sarif Hassan; Antonio Soares; Ramesh Kandimalla; Murtaza M. Tambuwala; Alaa A. A. Aljabali; Gajendra Kumar Azad; Pabitra Pal Choudhury; Vladimir N. Uversky; Samendra P. Sherchan; Bruce D. Uhal; Nima Rezaei; Adam M. Brufsky. 2020. "The Importance of Research on the Origin of SARS-CoV-2." Viruses 12, no. 11: 1203.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the cellular receptor for the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that is engendering the severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The spike (S) protein receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 binds to the three sub-domains viz. amino acids (aa) 22-42, aa 79-84, and aa 330-393 of ACE2 on human cells to initiate entry. It was reported earlier that the receptor utilization capacity of ACE2 proteins from different species, such as cats, chimpanzees, dogs, and cattle, are different. A comprehensive analysis of ACE2 receptors of nineteen species was carried out in this study, and the findings propose a possible SARS-CoV-2 transmission flow across these nineteen species.
Sk. Sarif Hassan; Shinjini Ghosh; Diksha Attrish; Pabitra Pal Choudhury; Vladimir N Uversky; Bruce Uhal; Kenneth Lundstrom; Nima Rezaei; Alaa A.A Aljabali; Murat Seyran; Damiano Pizzol; Parise Adadi; Antonio Soares; Tarek Mohamed Abd El-Aziz; Ramesh Kandimalla; Murtaza Tambuwala; Gajendra Kumar Azad; Samendra P. Sherchan; Wagner Baetas-Da-Cruz; Kazuo Takayama; Angel Serrano-Aroca; Gaurav Chauhan; Giorgio Palu; Adam Brufsky. Possible transmission flow of SARS-CoV-2 based on ACE2 features. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleSk. Sarif Hassan, Shinjini Ghosh, Diksha Attrish, Pabitra Pal Choudhury, Vladimir N Uversky, Bruce Uhal, Kenneth Lundstrom, Nima Rezaei, Alaa A.A Aljabali, Murat Seyran, Damiano Pizzol, Parise Adadi, Antonio Soares, Tarek Mohamed Abd El-Aziz, Ramesh Kandimalla, Murtaza Tambuwala, Gajendra Kumar Azad, Samendra P. Sherchan, Wagner Baetas-Da-Cruz, Kazuo Takayama, Angel Serrano-Aroca, Gaurav Chauhan, Giorgio Palu, Adam Brufsky. Possible transmission flow of SARS-CoV-2 based on ACE2 features. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSk. Sarif Hassan; Shinjini Ghosh; Diksha Attrish; Pabitra Pal Choudhury; Vladimir N Uversky; Bruce Uhal; Kenneth Lundstrom; Nima Rezaei; Alaa A.A Aljabali; Murat Seyran; Damiano Pizzol; Parise Adadi; Antonio Soares; Tarek Mohamed Abd El-Aziz; Ramesh Kandimalla; Murtaza Tambuwala; Gajendra Kumar Azad; Samendra P. Sherchan; Wagner Baetas-Da-Cruz; Kazuo Takayama; Angel Serrano-Aroca; Gaurav Chauhan; Giorgio Palu; Adam Brufsky. 2020. "Possible transmission flow of SARS-CoV-2 based on ACE2 features." , no. : 1.
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a complex disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that involves the intricate interplay of different immune cells going awry leading to inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration. Its diagnosis is quite arduous because of the baffling number of symptoms it elicits and the varied clinical manifestation it presents. The simplified criteria (in form of Macdonald’s Criteria) which have got modified several times is now the single most important criteria accepted by neurology bodies for diagnosing MS. Biomarkers from time to time have been explored to simplify the diagnosis and prognosticate MS along with anecessity to monitor treatment outcome. In recent years, research on biomarkers has advanced rapidly due to their ability to be easily and rapidly measured, their specificity, safety, and their ability to yield precise results. Biomarkers are classified into various categories including predictive, diagnostic, prognostic, related to disease activity, and monitoring treatment outcome. Each representative of the disease activity category reflects a variety of pathological processes of MS such as neuroaxonal loss, gliosis, demyelination, disability progression, remyelination, etc. This review discusses several promising serum and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and imaging biomarkers used in clinical practice. Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease which is recently recognized as a definite disease will also be discussed. Furthermore, it sheds light on the criteria and the challenges a biomarker faces to be considered as a standard one.
Deepali Mathur; Soumyashree Rout; Bikash Kumar Mishra; Gerardo Lopez Rodas; Jayalakshmi Vallamkondu; Ramesh Kandimalla; Bonaventura Casanova. Potential Pathological Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleDeepali Mathur, Soumyashree Rout, Bikash Kumar Mishra, Gerardo Lopez Rodas, Jayalakshmi Vallamkondu, Ramesh Kandimalla, Bonaventura Casanova. Potential Pathological Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDeepali Mathur; Soumyashree Rout; Bikash Kumar Mishra; Gerardo Lopez Rodas; Jayalakshmi Vallamkondu; Ramesh Kandimalla; Bonaventura Casanova. 2020. "Potential Pathological Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis." , no. : 1.
The global public health is endangered due to COVID-19 pandemic, which is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Despite having similar pathology to MERS and SARS-CoV, the infection fatality rate of SARS-CoV-2 is likely lower than 1%. SARS-CoV-2 has been reported to be uniquely characterized by the accessory protein ORF10, which contains eleven cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes of nine amino acids length each, across various human leukocyte antigen (HLA) subtypes. In this study, all missense mutations found in sequence databases were examined across twnety-two unique SARS-CoV-2 ORF10 variants that could possibly alter viral pathogenicity. Some of these mutations decrease the stability of ORF10, e.g. I4L and V6I were found in the MoRF region of ORF10 which may also possibly contribute to Intrinsic protein disorder. Furthermore, a physicochemical and structural comparative analysis was carried out on SARS-CoV-2 and Pangolin-CoV ORF10 proteins, which share 97.37% amino acid homology. The high degree of physicochemical and structural similarity of ORF10 proteins of SARS-CoV-2 and Pangolin-CoV open questions about the architecture of SARS-CoV-2 due to the disagreement of these two ORF10 proteins over their sub-structure (loop/coil region), solubility, antigenicity and change from the strand to coil at amino acid position 26, where tyrosine is present. Altogether, SARS-CoV-2 ORF10 is a promising pharmaceutical target and a protein which should be monitored for changes which correlate to change pathogenesis and clinical course of COVID-19 infection.
Sk. Sarif Hassan; Diksha Attrish; Shinjini Ghosh; Pabitra Pal Choudhury; Vladimir N. Uversky; Bruce D. Uhal; Kenneth Lundstrom; Nima Rezaei; Alaa A. A. Aljabali; Murat Seyran; Damiano Pizzol; Parise Adadi; Tarek Mohamed Abd El-Aziz; Antonio Soares; Ramesh Kandimalla; Murtaza Tambuwala; Amos Lal; Gajendra Kumar Azad; Samendra P. Sherchan; Wagner Baetas-Da-Cruz; Giorgio Palù; Adam M. Brufsky. Notable sequence homology of the ORF10 protein introspects the architecture of SARS-COV-2. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleSk. Sarif Hassan, Diksha Attrish, Shinjini Ghosh, Pabitra Pal Choudhury, Vladimir N. Uversky, Bruce D. Uhal, Kenneth Lundstrom, Nima Rezaei, Alaa A. A. Aljabali, Murat Seyran, Damiano Pizzol, Parise Adadi, Tarek Mohamed Abd El-Aziz, Antonio Soares, Ramesh Kandimalla, Murtaza Tambuwala, Amos Lal, Gajendra Kumar Azad, Samendra P. Sherchan, Wagner Baetas-Da-Cruz, Giorgio Palù, Adam M. Brufsky. Notable sequence homology of the ORF10 protein introspects the architecture of SARS-COV-2. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSk. Sarif Hassan; Diksha Attrish; Shinjini Ghosh; Pabitra Pal Choudhury; Vladimir N. Uversky; Bruce D. Uhal; Kenneth Lundstrom; Nima Rezaei; Alaa A. A. Aljabali; Murat Seyran; Damiano Pizzol; Parise Adadi; Tarek Mohamed Abd El-Aziz; Antonio Soares; Ramesh Kandimalla; Murtaza Tambuwala; Amos Lal; Gajendra Kumar Azad; Samendra P. Sherchan; Wagner Baetas-Da-Cruz; Giorgio Palù; Adam M. Brufsky. 2020. "Notable sequence homology of the ORF10 protein introspects the architecture of SARS-COV-2." , no. : 1.
Immune evasion is one of the unique characteristics of COVID-19 attributed to the ORF8 protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This protein is involved in modulating the host adaptive immunity through downregulating MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex) molecules and innate immune responses by surpassing the interferon mediated antiviral response of the host. To understand the immune perspective of the host with respect to the ORF8 protein, a comprehensive study of the ORF8 protein as well as mutations possessed by it, is performed. Chemical and structural properties of ORF8 proteins from different hosts, that is human, bat and pangolin, suggests that the ORF8 of SARS-CoV-2 and Bat RaTG13-CoV are very much closer related than that of Pangolin-CoV. Eighty-seven mutations across unique variants of ORF8 (SARS-CoV-2) are grouped into four classes based on their predicted effects. Based on geolocations and timescale of collection, a possible flow of mutations was built. Furthermore, conclusive flows of amalgamation of mutations were endorsed upon sequence similarity and amino acid conservation phylogenies. Therefore, this study seeks to highlight the uniqueness of rapid evolving SARS-CoV-2 through the ORF8.
Sk. Sarif Hassan; Shinjini Ghosh; Diksha Attrish; Pabirtra Pal Choudhury; Murat Seyran; Damiano Pizzol; Parise Adadi; Tarek Muhammed Abd El Aziz; Antonio Soares; Ramesh Kandimalla; Kenneth Lundstrom; Murtaza Tambuwala; Alaa A. A. Aljabali; Amos Lal; Gajendra Kumar Azad; Vladimir N. Uversky; Samendra P. Sherchan; Wagner Baetas-Da-Cruz; Bruce D. Uhal; Nima Rezaei; Adam M. Brufsky. A unique view of SARS-CoV-2 through the lens of ORF8 protein. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleSk. Sarif Hassan, Shinjini Ghosh, Diksha Attrish, Pabirtra Pal Choudhury, Murat Seyran, Damiano Pizzol, Parise Adadi, Tarek Muhammed Abd El Aziz, Antonio Soares, Ramesh Kandimalla, Kenneth Lundstrom, Murtaza Tambuwala, Alaa A. A. Aljabali, Amos Lal, Gajendra Kumar Azad, Vladimir N. Uversky, Samendra P. Sherchan, Wagner Baetas-Da-Cruz, Bruce D. Uhal, Nima Rezaei, Adam M. Brufsky. A unique view of SARS-CoV-2 through the lens of ORF8 protein. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSk. Sarif Hassan; Shinjini Ghosh; Diksha Attrish; Pabirtra Pal Choudhury; Murat Seyran; Damiano Pizzol; Parise Adadi; Tarek Muhammed Abd El Aziz; Antonio Soares; Ramesh Kandimalla; Kenneth Lundstrom; Murtaza Tambuwala; Alaa A. A. Aljabali; Amos Lal; Gajendra Kumar Azad; Vladimir N. Uversky; Samendra P. Sherchan; Wagner Baetas-Da-Cruz; Bruce D. Uhal; Nima Rezaei; Adam M. Brufsky. 2020. "A unique view of SARS-CoV-2 through the lens of ORF8 protein." , no. : 1.
The global impact of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) necessitates intensive research to find appropriate and effective drugs. Many studies in AD suggested beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles-associated tau protein as the key targets for drug development. On the other hand, it is proved that triggering of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β (GSK-3β) also cause AD, therefore, GSK-3β is a potential drug target to combat AD. We, in this study, investigated the ability of small molecules to inhibit GSK-3β through virtual screening, Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion (ADME), induced-fit docking (IFD), molecular dynamics simulation, and binding free energy calculation. Besides, molecular docking was performed to reveal the binding and interaction of the ligand at the active site of GSK-3β. We found two compounds such as 6961 and 6966, which exhibited steady-state interaction with GSK-3β for 30 ns in molecular dynamics simulation. The compounds (6961 and 6966) also achieved a docking score of −9.05 kcal/mol and −8.11 kcal/mol, respectively, which is relatively higher than the GSK-3β II inhibitor (−6.73 kcal/mol). The molecular dynamics simulation revealed that the compounds have a stable state during overall simulation time, and lesser root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) and root-mean-square fluctuation (RMSF) values compared with co-crystal. In conclusion, we suggest the two compounds (6966 and 6961) as potential leads that could be utilized as effective inhibitors of GSK-3β to combat AD. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Nandha Devi Elangovan; Anantha Krishnan Dhanabalan; Krishnasamy Gunasekaran; Ramesh Kandimalla; Devaraj Sankarganesh. Screening of potential drug for Alzheimer’s disease: a computational study with GSK-3 β inhibition through virtual screening, docking, and molecular dynamics simulation. Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics 2020, 1 -15.
AMA StyleNandha Devi Elangovan, Anantha Krishnan Dhanabalan, Krishnasamy Gunasekaran, Ramesh Kandimalla, Devaraj Sankarganesh. Screening of potential drug for Alzheimer’s disease: a computational study with GSK-3 β inhibition through virtual screening, docking, and molecular dynamics simulation. Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics. 2020; ():1-15.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNandha Devi Elangovan; Anantha Krishnan Dhanabalan; Krishnasamy Gunasekaran; Ramesh Kandimalla; Devaraj Sankarganesh. 2020. "Screening of potential drug for Alzheimer’s disease: a computational study with GSK-3 β inhibition through virtual screening, docking, and molecular dynamics simulation." Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics , no. : 1-15.
The rapidly evolving coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2- SARS-CoV-2), has greatly burdened the global healthcare system and led it into crisis in several countries. Lack of targeted therapeutics led to the idea of repurposing broad-spectrum drugs for viral intervention. In vitro analyses of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ)’s anecdotal benefits prompted its widespread clinical repurposing globally. Reports of emerging cardiovascular complications due to its clinical prescription are revealing the crucial role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which serves as a target receptor for SARS-CoV-2. In the present settings, a clear understanding of these targets, their functional aspects and physiological impact on cardiovascular function are critical. In an up-to-date format, we shed light on HCQ’s anecdotal function in stalling SARS-CoV-2 replication and immunomodulatory activities. While starting with the crucial role of ACE2, we here discuss the impact of HCQ on systemic cardiovascular function, its associated risks, and the scope of HCQ-based regimes in current clinical settings. Citing the extent of HCQ efficacy, the key considerations and recommendations for the use of HCQ in clinics are further discussed. Taken together, this review provides crucial insights into the role of ACE2 in SARS-CoV-2-led cardiovascular activity, and concurrently assesses the efficacy of HCQ in contemporary clinical settings.
Rajkumar Singh Kalra; Dhanendra Tomar; Avtar Singh Meena; Ramesh Kandimalla. SARS-CoV-2, ACE2, and Hydroxychloroquine: Cardiovascular Complications, Therapeutics, and Clinical Readouts in the Current Settings. Pathogens 2020, 9, 546 .
AMA StyleRajkumar Singh Kalra, Dhanendra Tomar, Avtar Singh Meena, Ramesh Kandimalla. SARS-CoV-2, ACE2, and Hydroxychloroquine: Cardiovascular Complications, Therapeutics, and Clinical Readouts in the Current Settings. Pathogens. 2020; 9 (7):546.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRajkumar Singh Kalra; Dhanendra Tomar; Avtar Singh Meena; Ramesh Kandimalla. 2020. "SARS-CoV-2, ACE2, and Hydroxychloroquine: Cardiovascular Complications, Therapeutics, and Clinical Readouts in the Current Settings." Pathogens 9, no. 7: 546.
The novel Coronavirus disease of 2019 (nCOV-19) is a viral outbreak noted first in Wuhan, China. This disease is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Coronavirus (CoV)-2. In the past, other members of the coronavirus family, such as SARS and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), have made an impact in China and the Arabian peninsula respectively. Both SARS and COVID-19 share similar symptoms such as fever, cough, and difficulty in breathing that can become fatal in later stages. However, SARS and MERS infections were epidemic diseases constrained to limited regions. By March 2020 the SARS-CoV-2 had spread across the globe and on March 11th, 2020 the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 as pandemic disease. In severe SARS-CoV-2 infection, many patients succumbed to pneumonia. Higher rates of deaths were seen in older patients who had co-morbidities such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and dementia. In this review paper, we discuss the effect of SARS-CoV-2 on CNS diseases, such as Alzheimer's-like dementia, and diabetes mellitus. We also focus on the virus genome, pathophysiology, theranostics, and autophagy mechanisms. We will assess the multiorgan failure reported in advanced stages of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our paper will provide mechanistic clues and therapeutic targets for physicians and investigators to combat COVID-19.
Jayalakshmi Vallamkondu; Albin John; Willayat Yousuf Wani; Suguru Pathinti Ramadevi; Kishore Kumar Jella; P. Hemachandra Reddy; Ramesh Kandimalla. SARS-CoV-2 pathophysiology and assessment of coronaviruses in CNS diseases with a focus on therapeutic targets. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease 2020, 1866, 165889 -165889.
AMA StyleJayalakshmi Vallamkondu, Albin John, Willayat Yousuf Wani, Suguru Pathinti Ramadevi, Kishore Kumar Jella, P. Hemachandra Reddy, Ramesh Kandimalla. SARS-CoV-2 pathophysiology and assessment of coronaviruses in CNS diseases with a focus on therapeutic targets. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease. 2020; 1866 (10):165889-165889.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJayalakshmi Vallamkondu; Albin John; Willayat Yousuf Wani; Suguru Pathinti Ramadevi; Kishore Kumar Jella; P. Hemachandra Reddy; Ramesh Kandimalla. 2020. "SARS-CoV-2 pathophysiology and assessment of coronaviruses in CNS diseases with a focus on therapeutic targets." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease 1866, no. 10: 165889-165889.
Liquid crystals are defined as the fourth state of matter forming between solid and liquid states. Earlier the applications of liquid crystals were confined to electronic instruments, but recent research findings suggest multiple applications of liquid crystals in biology and medicine. Here, the purpose of this review article is to discuss the potential biological impacts of liquid crystals in the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer along with the risk assessment. In this review, we also discussed the recent advances of liquid crystals in cancer biomarker detection and treatment in multiple cell line models. Cases reviewed here will demonstrate that cancer diagnostics based on the multidisciplinary technology and intriguingly utilization of liquid crystals may become an alternative to regular cancer detection methodologies. Additionally, we discussed the formidable challenges and problems in applying liquid crystal technologies. Solving these problems will require great effort and the way forward is through the multidisciplinary collaboration of physicists, biologists, chemists, material-scientists, clinicians, and engineers. The triumphant outcome of these liquid crystals and their applications in cancer research would be convenient testing for the detection of cancer and may result in treating the cancer patients non-invasively.
Jayalakshmi Vallamkondu; Edwin Bernard Corgiat; Gollapelli Buchaiah; Ramesh Kandimalla; P. Hemachandra Reddy. Liquid Crystals: A Novel Approach for Cancer Detection and Treatment. Cancers 2018, 10, 462 .
AMA StyleJayalakshmi Vallamkondu, Edwin Bernard Corgiat, Gollapelli Buchaiah, Ramesh Kandimalla, P. Hemachandra Reddy. Liquid Crystals: A Novel Approach for Cancer Detection and Treatment. Cancers. 2018; 10 (11):462.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJayalakshmi Vallamkondu; Edwin Bernard Corgiat; Gollapelli Buchaiah; Ramesh Kandimalla; P. Hemachandra Reddy. 2018. "Liquid Crystals: A Novel Approach for Cancer Detection and Treatment." Cancers 10, no. 11: 462.