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As one of the most populated metropolitan areas in the world, the Tokyo Metropolitan Area (TMA) has experienced severe climatic modifications and pressure due to densified human activities and urban expansion. The surface urban heat island (SUHI) phenomenon particularly constitutes a significant threat to human comfort and geo-environmental health in TMA. This study aimed to profile the spatial interconnections between land surface temperature (LST) and land cover/use in TMA from 2001 to 2015 using multi-source spatial data. To this end, the thermal gradients between the urban and non-urban fabric areas in TMA were examined by joint analysis of land cover/use and LST. The spatiotemporal aggregation patterns, variations, and movement trajectories of SUHI intensity in TMA were identified and delineated. The spatial relationship between SUHI and the potential driving forces in TMA was clarified using geographically weighted regression (GWR) analysis. The results show that the thermal environment of TMA exhibited a polynucleated spatial structure with multiple thermal island cores. Overall, the magnitude and extent of SUHI in TMA increased and expanded from 2001 to 2015. During that time, SUHIs clustered in the compact residential quarters and redevelopment/renovation areas rather than downtown. The GWR models showed better performance than ordinary least squares (OLS) models, with Adj R2 > 0.9, indicating that the magnitude of SUHI significantly depended on its neighboring geographical setting, including land cover composition and configuration, population size, and terrain. We suggest that UHI mitigation in Tokyo should be focused on alleviating the magnitude of persistent thermal cores and controlling unstable SUHI occurrence based on partitioned or location-specific landscape design. This study’s findings have immense implications for SUHI mitigation in metropolitan areas situated in bay regions.
Fei Liu; Hao Hou; Yuji Murayama. Spatial Interconnections of Land Surface Temperatures with Land Cover/Use: A Case Study of Tokyo. Remote Sensing 2021, 13, 610 .
AMA StyleFei Liu, Hao Hou, Yuji Murayama. Spatial Interconnections of Land Surface Temperatures with Land Cover/Use: A Case Study of Tokyo. Remote Sensing. 2021; 13 (4):610.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFei Liu; Hao Hou; Yuji Murayama. 2021. "Spatial Interconnections of Land Surface Temperatures with Land Cover/Use: A Case Study of Tokyo." Remote Sensing 13, no. 4: 610.
The side-effect of booming urbanization on the ecosystem and climate system has been continuously exacerbating. The coastal metropolises are located at the interface between land and ocean, unavoidably influenced by multiple aspects of the terrestrial environments, aquatic ecosystems, and urban developments. Thus, the environmental health of coastal metropolis should be more concerned. In this study, targeting Guangzhou, Hangzhou, and Shanghai, an attempt was made to evaluate the spatiotemporal patterns and variations of surface urban heat island (SUHI) in three coastal metropolises of China based on Landsat-derived land surface temperatures (LST) and land cover data. The results indicate that overall, within a nearly 15-year interval, the extents of hot spots in three metropolises were significantly expanded, the spatial patterns of SUHI have been transformed from monocentric to polycentric high-LST clusters, which were identical to the trend of urban expansion. However, these three metropolises possess distinct features in terms of the thermal layouts and land cover/use composition. Although the total area of SUHI hot spots in Shanghai has surged, the intensity of some hot spots has been a shrink. Besides, the interactions and associations between SUHI and urban development were investigated using spatial regression analysis. The urban composition and configuration considerably affected the intensity of SUHI. Terrain morphology constrained the SUHI. Prolific population growth had a continuing effect on SUHI formation. The proportion of forests displayed a consistently critical influence on easing the adverse of SUHI. Additionally, it is essential to appropriately consider the impacts of water in the comparative analysis of different thermal environments. However, water might be treated as a time-invariant factor and have a limited effect on the bi-temporal comparison for each metropolis. These findings suggest the policy-makers and urban planners should balance and optimize the land cover/use configurations with accommodating the increasing population, reasonably maximize the reservations of the greenbelt and green space under improving the utilization of urban infrastructures and constructions.
Fei Liu. Bi-temporal Monitoring the Spatial Pattern and Variations of the Surface Urban Heat Island in three Chinese Coastal Megacities: A Comparative Study of Guangzhou, Hangzhou, and Shanghai. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleFei Liu. Bi-temporal Monitoring the Spatial Pattern and Variations of the Surface Urban Heat Island in three Chinese Coastal Megacities: A Comparative Study of Guangzhou, Hangzhou, and Shanghai. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFei Liu. 2020. "Bi-temporal Monitoring the Spatial Pattern and Variations of the Surface Urban Heat Island in three Chinese Coastal Megacities: A Comparative Study of Guangzhou, Hangzhou, and Shanghai." , no. : 1.
Satellite-derived land surface temperature (LST) reveals the variations and impacts on the terrestrial thermal environment on a broad spatial scale. The drastic growth of urbanization-induced impervious surfaces and the urban population has generated a remarkably increasing influence on the urban thermal environment in China. This research was aimed to investigate land surface temperature (LST) intensity response to urban land cover/use by examining the thermal impact on urban settings in ten Chinese megacities (i.e., Beijing, Dongguan, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Harbin, Nanjing, Shenyang, Suzhou, Tianjin, and Wuhan). Surface urban heat island (SUHI) footprints were scrutinized and compared by magnitude and extent. The causal mechanism among land cover composition (LCC), population, and SUHI was also identified. Spatial patterns of the thermal environments were identical to those of land cover/use. In addition, most impervious surface materials (greater than 81%) were labeled as heat sources, on the other hand, water and vegetation were functioned as heat sinks. More than 85% of heat budgets in Beijing and Guangzhou were generated from impervious surfaces. SUHI for all megacities showed spatially gradient decays between urban and surrounding rural areas; further, temperature peaks are not always dominant in the urban core, despite extremely dense impervious surfaces. The composition ratio of land cover (LCC%) negatively correlates with SUHI intensity (SUHII), whereas the population positively associates with SUHII. For all targeted megacities, land cover composition and population account for more than 63.9% of SUHI formation using geographically weighted regression. The findings can help optimize land cover/use to relieve pressure from rapid urbanization, maintain urban ecological balance, and meet the demands of sustainable urban growth.
Fei Liu; Xinmin Zhang; Yuji Murayama; Takehiro Morimoto. Impacts of Land Cover/Use on the Urban Thermal Environment: A Comparative Study of 10 Megacities in China. Remote Sensing 2020, 12, 307 .
AMA StyleFei Liu, Xinmin Zhang, Yuji Murayama, Takehiro Morimoto. Impacts of Land Cover/Use on the Urban Thermal Environment: A Comparative Study of 10 Megacities in China. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12 (2):307.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFei Liu; Xinmin Zhang; Yuji Murayama; Takehiro Morimoto. 2020. "Impacts of Land Cover/Use on the Urban Thermal Environment: A Comparative Study of 10 Megacities in China." Remote Sensing 12, no. 2: 307.