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One of the challenges for cattle management under extensive grazing systems is understanding how time spent in different individual activities is affected by factors like microclimate and forage quality and availability. The goal of this study is to understand how different tree densities and grazing management can influence the daytime behaviour of Nellore heifers (Bos indicus) kept in silvopastoral systems over a period of 12 months, covering one dry and one rainy season in Central Brazil. Eighty heifers were distributed between three silvopastoral systems with 357, 227 and 5 trees/ha, respectively, each divided into four 1.5 ha paddocks, grazing Piatã grass with low (27 ± 4.6 cm) or high (39 ± 5.8 cm) sward heights, and with constant microclimate monitoring. Temperatures recorded were similar between seasons, characterizing an atypical dry period. The use of shade for grazing occurs preferably in the afternoon (72.0 min) and rumination in the morning (47.5 min). The effect of period of the day (P <0.05) shows a preference for rest in full sun, predominantly in the morning (37.8 min). Longer grazing time was observed in the system with less shade offer (156, 8 min in full sun and 36.2 min in shadow), while in the grater shade offer systems, longer time for rest and rumination was used under shaded areas. The animals showed reduced grazing time and increased rumination time at standing body position in the morning. Shorter grazing time (78.2 min) was also observed in high sward pastures in the morning. We conclude that different tree densities promote beneficial changes in daytime behaviour of Nellore heifers.
Caroline Carvalho de Oliveira; Roberto Giolo de Almeida; Nivaldo Karvatte Junior; Severino Delmar Junqueira Villela; Davi José Bungenstab; Fabiana Villa Alves. Daytime ingestive behaviour of grazing heifers under tropical silvopastoral systems: Responses to shade and grazing management. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 2021, 240, 105360 .
AMA StyleCaroline Carvalho de Oliveira, Roberto Giolo de Almeida, Nivaldo Karvatte Junior, Severino Delmar Junqueira Villela, Davi José Bungenstab, Fabiana Villa Alves. Daytime ingestive behaviour of grazing heifers under tropical silvopastoral systems: Responses to shade and grazing management. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 2021; 240 ():105360.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCaroline Carvalho de Oliveira; Roberto Giolo de Almeida; Nivaldo Karvatte Junior; Severino Delmar Junqueira Villela; Davi José Bungenstab; Fabiana Villa Alves. 2021. "Daytime ingestive behaviour of grazing heifers under tropical silvopastoral systems: Responses to shade and grazing management." Applied Animal Behaviour Science 240, no. : 105360.
Integrated-crop-livestock-forestry (ICLF) systems are currently promoted as a measure for sustainable intensification of agricultural production. However, due to complex interactions among ICLF components, we are still lacking evidence about the system’s resilience regarding water availability, especially for regions characterized by pronounced wet and dry seasons and frequent droughts. For a mature ICLF system in the Cerrado biome of central-west Brazil comprising rows of eucalyptus trees (Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla, H13 clone) at a spacing of 22 m in combination with Brachiaria brizantha cv. BRS Piatã pasture we continuously measured soil moisture (SM) until 1 m depth and supported this data with measurements of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and aboveground green grass biomass (AGBM) across transects between the tree rows for almost two years. Across the seasons a distinct gradient was observed with SM being lower close to the tree rows than in the space between them. During winter SM decreased to critical values near the tree lines in the topsoil. During spring and summer, incident PAR was 72% and 86% lower close to the trees than at the center point. For autumn and winter PAR was more evenly distributed between the tree rows due to inclination with notably up to four times more radiation input near the tree lines compared to spring and summer. AGBM showed a clear distribution with maximum values in the center and about half of the biomass close to the tree rows. Our data suggest that, restrictions in AGBM accumulation shifted among seasons between water limitations in winter and light limitations during summer. Interestingly, SM changes during wetting and drying events were most pronounced in subsoils near the tree rows, while the topsoil showed much less fluctuations. The subsoil in central position showed the lowest SM dynamics in response to drought maintaining a relative high and constant SM content, therefore functioning as important water reservoirs likely improving the resilience of the system to drought stress. Results of this study could help to improve management and the design of ICLF systems in view of sustainability and resistance to (water) crises but should be further supported by in depth analysis of soil water dynamics as affected by climate gradients, soil types and different management practices.
Sarah Glatzle; Sabine Stuerz; Marcus Giese; Mariana Pereira; Roberto de Almeida; Davi Bungenstab; Manuel Macedo; Folkard Asch. Seasonal Dynamics of Soil Moisture in an Integrated-Crop-Livestock-Forestry System in Central-West Brazil. Agriculture 2021, 11, 245 .
AMA StyleSarah Glatzle, Sabine Stuerz, Marcus Giese, Mariana Pereira, Roberto de Almeida, Davi Bungenstab, Manuel Macedo, Folkard Asch. Seasonal Dynamics of Soil Moisture in an Integrated-Crop-Livestock-Forestry System in Central-West Brazil. Agriculture. 2021; 11 (3):245.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSarah Glatzle; Sabine Stuerz; Marcus Giese; Mariana Pereira; Roberto de Almeida; Davi Bungenstab; Manuel Macedo; Folkard Asch. 2021. "Seasonal Dynamics of Soil Moisture in an Integrated-Crop-Livestock-Forestry System in Central-West Brazil." Agriculture 11, no. 3: 245.
Agrosilvopastoral system is a type of production that involves the soil-forage-animal interface, both of which are benefited by the system. Hence, the present study evaluated the effects of agrosilvopastoral system on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics from pasture, and the animal performance during the feeding period of Nellore heifers. The treatments included: Soil-forage-animal – 357 eucalyptus trees per hectare (LFA14x2m); Soil-forage-animal – 227 eucalyptus trees per hectare (LFA22x2m); and Soil-animal – Five native trees remaining per hectare (CON). The forage used was Brachiaria brizantha cv. BRS Piatã and having as trees planted the Eucalyptus urograndis clones H 13. Treatment effects (P 0.05) for average daily gain, while in November period, LFA14x2m treatment showed the lowest value (P
Jeskarlândia Silva Barros; Kennyson Alves De Souza; Fabiana Villa Alves; Roberto Giolo De Almeida; Ossival Lobato Ribeiro; Adriana Regina Bagaldo; Daniele Rebouças Santana Loures. Forage production and productive performance of Nellore heifers in agrosilvopastoral systems. Research, Society and Development 2020, 9, 1 .
AMA StyleJeskarlândia Silva Barros, Kennyson Alves De Souza, Fabiana Villa Alves, Roberto Giolo De Almeida, Ossival Lobato Ribeiro, Adriana Regina Bagaldo, Daniele Rebouças Santana Loures. Forage production and productive performance of Nellore heifers in agrosilvopastoral systems. Research, Society and Development. 2020; 9 (10):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJeskarlândia Silva Barros; Kennyson Alves De Souza; Fabiana Villa Alves; Roberto Giolo De Almeida; Ossival Lobato Ribeiro; Adriana Regina Bagaldo; Daniele Rebouças Santana Loures. 2020. "Forage production and productive performance of Nellore heifers in agrosilvopastoral systems." Research, Society and Development 9, no. 10: 1.
The objective was to evaluate animal performance and nutritional characteristics of Brachiaria brizantha cv. BRS Piatã in two integrated systems, during the summer and winter, five years after the initial establishment of the area. The randomized block experimental design was adopted with treatments consisting of a control (five native trees per hectare) and an integrated crop-livestock-forestry (ICLF) system with 227 eucalyptus trees per hectare. Animal performance, canopy height, soil cover, forage mass (leaf, stem and senescent material), and forage nutritive value were evaluated. Differences between systems were observed in forage mass (total, leaf, stem and senescent material), soil cover and forage nutritive value in both seasons. Shading conditions provided by eucalyptus in the ICLF system lead to a reduction in forage mass and neutral detergent fiber content, and to an increase in crude protein and in vitro organic matter digestibility. However, no effect on animal performance was obtained. The presence of trees improves the forage nutritive value without impacting animal performance in integrated systems.
D.C. Martins; S.D.J. Villela; R.G. Almeida; S.A.C. Araújo; L.D. Silva; J.R. Paschoaloto; P.G.M.A. Martins. Animal performance and nutritional characteristics of Piatã-grass in integrated systems. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 2020, 72, 1027 -1033.
AMA StyleD.C. Martins, S.D.J. Villela, R.G. Almeida, S.A.C. Araújo, L.D. Silva, J.R. Paschoaloto, P.G.M.A. Martins. Animal performance and nutritional characteristics of Piatã-grass in integrated systems. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia. 2020; 72 (3):1027-1033.
Chicago/Turabian StyleD.C. Martins; S.D.J. Villela; R.G. Almeida; S.A.C. Araújo; L.D. Silva; J.R. Paschoaloto; P.G.M.A. Martins. 2020. "Animal performance and nutritional characteristics of Piatã-grass in integrated systems." Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 72, no. 3: 1027-1033.
The aim of this work was to evaluate the agronomic characteristics, chemical composition and in vitro gas production of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) cultivars used in ruminant feed. The experimental design was a randomized block containing seven treatments and three replications totaling 21 plots. The cultivars RB835436, RB925211, RB925345, RB937570, RB945961, RB955970 e SP91-1049 was evaluated for dry matter, dry matter yield, stalk percentage, stalk tons per hectare, plant height, stalk diameter, number of tillers per linear meter, mass per stem, soluble solids content (BRIX), NDF/BRIX ratio and tons of sucrose/ha, total digestible nutrients, digestible energy, metabolizable energy, net energy and in vitro digestibility of organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent, of digestion and In vitro gas production of non-fibrous carbohydrates, latency time, digestion rate and gas production of fibrous carbohydrates, and in vitro digestibility of organic matter. There was a significant difference between the cultivars regarding the neutral detergent fiber content, in vitro digestibility of organic matter, total digestible nutrients, digestible energy, net energy, degradation rates of fibrous and non-fibrous carbohydrates and latency period. There was a negative correlation between stem percentage and NDF/BRIX and positive correlation between in vitro digestibility of organic matter and total digestible nutrients. The results were submitted to analysis of variance and mean test by Scott-Knott and Pearson's correlation analysis. The statistical program used was SAEG 2000. The RB835486 variety was superior to the other cultivars, as it presented 93.28% of stem, 57.5% of in vitro digestibility of organic matter, NDF / BRIX ratio of 2.68, 43.78% NDF, latency period 2.86h and fibrous carbohydrate degradation rate of 2.26% per hour. Therefore, this cultivar was better indicated for animal feeding between May and July in the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil.
Rafael Henrique Pereira Dos Reis; Joadil Gonçalves De Abreu; Roberto Giolo De Almeida; Luciano Da Silva Cabral; Carlos Eduardo Avelino Cabral; Livia Vieira De Barros; Arthur Behling Neto; Edegar Matter; Patricia Orlando Royer; Dayenne Mariane Herrera; Joana De Medeiros Farias. Agronomic Characteristics, Chemical Composition and In vitro Gas Production of Sugarcane Cultivars (Saccharum spp.) for Feeding Ruminants. Journal of Experimental Agriculture International 2019, 1 -8.
AMA StyleRafael Henrique Pereira Dos Reis, Joadil Gonçalves De Abreu, Roberto Giolo De Almeida, Luciano Da Silva Cabral, Carlos Eduardo Avelino Cabral, Livia Vieira De Barros, Arthur Behling Neto, Edegar Matter, Patricia Orlando Royer, Dayenne Mariane Herrera, Joana De Medeiros Farias. Agronomic Characteristics, Chemical Composition and In vitro Gas Production of Sugarcane Cultivars (Saccharum spp.) for Feeding Ruminants. Journal of Experimental Agriculture International. 2019; ():1-8.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRafael Henrique Pereira Dos Reis; Joadil Gonçalves De Abreu; Roberto Giolo De Almeida; Luciano Da Silva Cabral; Carlos Eduardo Avelino Cabral; Livia Vieira De Barros; Arthur Behling Neto; Edegar Matter; Patricia Orlando Royer; Dayenne Mariane Herrera; Joana De Medeiros Farias. 2019. "Agronomic Characteristics, Chemical Composition and In vitro Gas Production of Sugarcane Cultivars (Saccharum spp.) for Feeding Ruminants." Journal of Experimental Agriculture International , no. : 1-8.
This study aimed to assess productivity and nutritional value of the tropical grasses Brachiaria brizantha cv. Piatã, Xaraés, and Marandu, Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça, and B. ruziziensis cv. Kennedy in the interseason of an integrated crop-livestock (ICL) system since alternatives are needed for forage production for animal grazing in Autumn and Winter. The experimental design was a randomized block design in a split-split plot scheme with four replications. The treatments of plots consisted of five grasses, subplots consisted of three cropping systems (monoculture, intercropping with corn and unsuppressed grass, and intercropped with corn and suppressed grass), and sub-subplots consisted of four cutting intervals of grasses (50, 90, 125, and 195 days after emergence - DAE). The experiment was carried out from February to September 2014. Dry matter (DM) productivity, obtained at 195 DAE for the three cropping systems (monoculture grass, unsuppressed and suppressed grass in intercropping), were 18.45, 7.15, and 3.05 t ha?1, respectively, and average crude protein contents of leaf blades of grasses decreased linearly between the cutting intervals of 50 to 195 DAE from 19.95 to 9.70%, respectively. Under integrated systems, the studied grasses showed better yields and nutritional quality when compared to traditional grazing systems. Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça and Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés and Piatã had the highest leaf and crude protein yields when compared to Brachiaria ruziziensis cv. Kennedy and Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu. In terms of nutritional value, Brachiaria ruziziensis cv. Kennedy was superior to Mombaça and Xaraés grasses but had lower total dry matter yield. Finally, Xaraés, Piatã and Mombaça grasses are recommended choices ICL systems when fodder grass production is the goal.
Armindo Neivo Kichel; Luis Carlos Ferreira De Souza; Roberto Giolo De Almeida; José Alexandre Agiova Da Costa. Produtividade e valor nutritivo de gramíneas tropicais em monocultivo e em consórcio com milho na segunda safra. Semina: Ciências Agrárias 2018, 39, 2517 -2530.
AMA StyleArmindo Neivo Kichel, Luis Carlos Ferreira De Souza, Roberto Giolo De Almeida, José Alexandre Agiova Da Costa. Produtividade e valor nutritivo de gramíneas tropicais em monocultivo e em consórcio com milho na segunda safra. Semina: Ciências Agrárias. 2018; 39 (6):2517-2530.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArmindo Neivo Kichel; Luis Carlos Ferreira De Souza; Roberto Giolo De Almeida; José Alexandre Agiova Da Costa. 2018. "Produtividade e valor nutritivo de gramíneas tropicais em monocultivo e em consórcio com milho na segunda safra." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 39, no. 6: 2517-2530.
The aim of this study was to model the individual height and volume of eucalyptus wood in two integrated crop-livestock-forest systems (ICLF1 and ICLF2) in Campo Grande, a city in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Classic nonlinear growth models were adjusted for height (Logistic, Gompertz, Richards, Weibull, Van Bertalanffy, Brody, Mitscherlich, and Chapman and Richards) and volume (Shumacher-hall nonlinear, Takata, Honner, Logistic, Gompertz, and Weibull) in two structural arrangements: ICLF1, with a spacing of 14 x 2 m and density of 357 trees ha-1, and ICLF2, with a spacing of 22 x 2 m and density of 227 trees ha-1. Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) measurements were performed in 100% of trees, with measurements of the total height of some individuals and a rigorous scaling procedure in diameter classes. According to the calculated value of Student's t-test, there was no significant evidence that DBH and the average height of the trees were different between ICLF1 and ICLF2. Based on the Akaike information criterion (AIC), the corrected Akaike information criterion (AICC) and the Bayesian information criterion (BIC), the Richards model was selected to estimate heights and the Takata model was selected to estimate the volume.
Karen Keli Barbosa Abrantes; Luísa Melville Paiva; Roberto Giolo De Almeida; Edilson Urbano; André Dominghetti Ferreira; Josmar Mazucheli. Modeling the individual height and volume of two integrated crop-livestock-forest systems of Eucalyptus spp. in the Brazilian Savannah. Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy 2018, 41, 42626 .
AMA StyleKaren Keli Barbosa Abrantes, Luísa Melville Paiva, Roberto Giolo De Almeida, Edilson Urbano, André Dominghetti Ferreira, Josmar Mazucheli. Modeling the individual height and volume of two integrated crop-livestock-forest systems of Eucalyptus spp. in the Brazilian Savannah. Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy. 2018; 41 (1):42626.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKaren Keli Barbosa Abrantes; Luísa Melville Paiva; Roberto Giolo De Almeida; Edilson Urbano; André Dominghetti Ferreira; Josmar Mazucheli. 2018. "Modeling the individual height and volume of two integrated crop-livestock-forest systems of Eucalyptus spp. in the Brazilian Savannah." Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy 41, no. 1: 42626.
SUMMARY This study aimed to evaluate the pasture productive and nutritional characteristics of Brachiaria brizantha cv. BRS Piatã in integrated systems with different densities of trees. Considering as plot the systems: integrated crop-livestock-forest with rows of trees (eucalyptus) spaced at 14 m and 357 trees ha-1 (ICLF-14m), ICLF with rows of trees spaced at 22 m and 227 trees ha-1 (ICLF-22m) and the integrated crop-livestock (ICL) with five remaining native trees ha-1; period of the year as subplots, and sampling points as subsubplots (A, B C, D, and E) arranged perpendicular to trees alleys. It was evaluated the production of forage and leaf blade dry mass, leaf:stem ratio, soil coverage, radiation photosynthetically active interception, canopy height, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), in vitro digestibility of organic matter (IVDOM) of the leaf blade, and stem associated with the leaf sheath. There was a significant difference (P
Jeskarlândia Silva Barros; Laura Cristina Souza Castro; Fabiane De Lima Silva; Fabiana Villa Alves; Roberto Giolo De Almeida; Divaney Mamédio Dos Santos; Daniele Rebouças Santana Loures. Productive and nutritional characteristics of Piatã-grass in integrated systems. Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal 2018, 19, 144 -156.
AMA StyleJeskarlândia Silva Barros, Laura Cristina Souza Castro, Fabiane De Lima Silva, Fabiana Villa Alves, Roberto Giolo De Almeida, Divaney Mamédio Dos Santos, Daniele Rebouças Santana Loures. Productive and nutritional characteristics of Piatã-grass in integrated systems. Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal. 2018; 19 (2):144-156.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJeskarlândia Silva Barros; Laura Cristina Souza Castro; Fabiane De Lima Silva; Fabiana Villa Alves; Roberto Giolo De Almeida; Divaney Mamédio Dos Santos; Daniele Rebouças Santana Loures. 2018. "Productive and nutritional characteristics of Piatã-grass in integrated systems." Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal 19, no. 2: 144-156.
The aim of the current study is to assess three integrated systems presenting different eucalyptus tree densities due to animal and forage production. The following integrated systems were assessed: crop-livestock-forest with 357 eucalyptus trees ha-1 (ICLF1); crop-livestock-forest with 227 eucalyptus trees ha-1 (ICLF2); and crop-livestock with 5 remnant native trees ha-1 (ICL). The randomized block experimental design was applied in a split-plot scheme with four replicates. The Average Daily Gain (ADG, g animal-1day-1) and the live-weight gain per area (LWG, kg ha-1) were applied to analyze animal performance, which was set by weighing the animals every 28 days (the animals previously fasted for 16h). Forage yield was higher in ICL during fall and winter; in summer, it did not differ from ICLF2. There was no forage yield difference between the ICL and ICLF2 systems in any of the assessed seasons; summer was more productive in ILPF1 than other seasons. The highest leaf crude protein contents (CP) in summer was recorded in systems ICLF1 and ICLF2, and the highest value recorded in fall was found in ILPF1; the lowest was found in ILP. On the other hand, the highest leaf NDF contents in summer were found in ILP. The highest ADG were found in summer. The highest LWG values recorded for the ICL and ICLF2 systems were collected in summer and fall; there was no difference in any of the three systems in winter. The LWG was higher in all system in summer. The ICLF2 emerged as the system (with trees) most appropriate for beef cattle production. Despite the shading interference on forage production, such condition is compensated by the best nutritional contents such as CP. The ICLF2 system allowing an annual LWG of 83% in relation to the ICL system during the fifth year of establishment of the systems.
Érick Lemes Gamarra; Maria Da Graça Morais; Roberto Giolo De Almeida; Natália Aguiar Paludetto; Mariana Pereira; Caroline Carvalho De Oliveira. Beef cattle production in established integrated systems. Semina: Ciências Agrárias 2017, 38, 3241 .
AMA StyleÉrick Lemes Gamarra, Maria Da Graça Morais, Roberto Giolo De Almeida, Natália Aguiar Paludetto, Mariana Pereira, Caroline Carvalho De Oliveira. Beef cattle production in established integrated systems. Semina: Ciências Agrárias. 2017; 38 (5):3241.
Chicago/Turabian StyleÉrick Lemes Gamarra; Maria Da Graça Morais; Roberto Giolo De Almeida; Natália Aguiar Paludetto; Mariana Pereira; Caroline Carvalho De Oliveira. 2017. "Beef cattle production in established integrated systems." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 38, no. 5: 3241.
The objective was to evaluate the animal thermal comfort indices from two integrated crop-livestock-forestry (ICLF) systems. For this, temperature–humidity index (THI), black globe temperature and humidity index (BGHI), and the radiant thermal load (RTL) were assessed. Two ICLF (ICLF-1 and ICLF-2) systems and one control system were established. On the ICLF systems, the arboreal component was the eucalyptus tree (Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla; H13 clone), planted in simple wide-spaced rows. The ICLF-1 system had a tree spacing of 14 × 2 m with 357 trees per hectare, and the ICLF-2 had a tree spacing of 22 × 2 m with 227 trees per hectare. The control system had five scattered native trees per hectare, pertaining to Gochnatia and Dipteryx species. The forage component in all three systems was piatã-grass (Brachiaria brizantha cv. BRS Piatã). The experimental design was a randomized block in a sub-subplot design scheme with four replications. The presence of shade provided by the trees offered better conditions of animal comfort when compared with the condition of full sun. The ICLF-1 system, with higher tree density, provided better indicators for thermal comfort, THI, BGHI, and RTL when compared with the condition of full sun, while ICLF-2 was no different than ICLF-1 for BGHI.
Caroline Carvalho De Oliveira; Fabiana Villa Alves; Roberto Giolo de Almeida; Érick Lemes Gamarra; Severino Delmar Junqueira Villela; Paulo Gustavo Macedo De Almeida Martins. Thermal comfort indices assessed in integrated production systems in the Brazilian savannah. Agroforestry Systems 2017, 92, 1659 -1672.
AMA StyleCaroline Carvalho De Oliveira, Fabiana Villa Alves, Roberto Giolo de Almeida, Érick Lemes Gamarra, Severino Delmar Junqueira Villela, Paulo Gustavo Macedo De Almeida Martins. Thermal comfort indices assessed in integrated production systems in the Brazilian savannah. Agroforestry Systems. 2017; 92 (6):1659-1672.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCaroline Carvalho De Oliveira; Fabiana Villa Alves; Roberto Giolo de Almeida; Érick Lemes Gamarra; Severino Delmar Junqueira Villela; Paulo Gustavo Macedo De Almeida Martins. 2017. "Thermal comfort indices assessed in integrated production systems in the Brazilian savannah." Agroforestry Systems 92, no. 6: 1659-1672.
The goal was to evaluate the chemical composition and fermentation pattern of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum. cv. Roxo) silage with different levels of soybean hulls or rice bran. Two trials were conducted, comprising of a completely randomized design, with four replicates each. Treatments consisted on the addition of 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% of soybean hulls or rice bran to unwilted green elephant grass forage. Large PVC silos were used adopting a density of 600 kg of green mass m-3. The silos were opened 40 days after ensiling. The results revealed that the inclusion of 10% soybean hulls increased elephant grass forage dry matter (DM) content to 31%, but did not alter the water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) content or buffering capacity. The resultant silages exhibited good fermentation patterns in terms of pH (less than 3.97) and NH3-N (4.07% total N) levels. The inclusion of rice bran increased both DM and WSC content in the forage, improving the fermentation pattern of silages (P < 0.05). This too was verified by a pH lower than 3.92 and a maximum NH3-N of 4.23% of the total N. The inclusion of 10% rice bran to the elephant grass improved the nutritional value of the forage to be ensiled and, hence, of the produced silage.
India Joelma Gatass Monteiro; Joadil Gonçalves De Abreu; Luciano Da Silva Cabral; Roberto Giolo De Almeida; Rafael Henrique Pereira Dos Reis; Arthur Behling Neto; Livia Vieira De Barros; Anne Caroline Dallabrida Avelino; Sarah Penso. Ensiling of elephant grass with soybean hulls or rice bran. Semina: Ciências Agrárias 2016, 37, 4203 .
AMA StyleIndia Joelma Gatass Monteiro, Joadil Gonçalves De Abreu, Luciano Da Silva Cabral, Roberto Giolo De Almeida, Rafael Henrique Pereira Dos Reis, Arthur Behling Neto, Livia Vieira De Barros, Anne Caroline Dallabrida Avelino, Sarah Penso. Ensiling of elephant grass with soybean hulls or rice bran. Semina: Ciências Agrárias. 2016; 37 (6):4203.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIndia Joelma Gatass Monteiro; Joadil Gonçalves De Abreu; Luciano Da Silva Cabral; Roberto Giolo De Almeida; Rafael Henrique Pereira Dos Reis; Arthur Behling Neto; Livia Vieira De Barros; Anne Caroline Dallabrida Avelino; Sarah Penso. 2016. "Ensiling of elephant grass with soybean hulls or rice bran." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 37, no. 6: 4203.
Resumo Objetivou-se avaliar a influência da idade de corte no valor nutritivo de silagem de capim-piatã em monocultivo e em consórcio com sorgo. Utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, como parcelas sistemas (capim-piatã; sorgo de corte e pastejo e consórcio) e como subparcelas as idades de corte (70, 90 e 110 dias após a semeadura). Os minissilos foram abertos aos 46 dias, avaliando-se na silagem os teores de proteína bruta (PB), fibra em detergente ácido (FDA), fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), nutrientes digestíveis totais (NDT), nitrogênio amoniacal, lignina e pH. Com o avanço da idade, ocorreu redução linear no teor de PB de 0,12; 0,08 e 0,16 unidades percentuais a cada dia após a semeadura nas silagens de sorgo, sorgo+capim e capim-piatã, respectivamente. Verificou-se aumento linear no valor de pH da silagem de sorgo + capim, em função do avanço na idade de 0,03 unidade a cada dia após a semeadura. Nas silagens de sorgo e de capim em monocultivo, o pH apresentou valores médios de 4,63 e de 5,20, respectivamente. Os sistemas com sorgo apresentam potencial para produção de silagem de boa qualidade aos 70 dias de idade.
Andréia Da Cruz Quintino; Joadil Gonçalves Abreu; Roberto Giolo Almeida; Manuel Cláudio Motta Macedo; Luciano Da Silva Cabral; Rosemary Laís Galati. VALOR NUTRITIVO DE SILAGEM DE CAPIM-PIATÃ EM MONOCULTIVO E EM CONSÓRCIO COM SORGO DE CORTE E PASTEJO. Ciência Animal Brasileira 2016, 17, 185 -191.
AMA StyleAndréia Da Cruz Quintino, Joadil Gonçalves Abreu, Roberto Giolo Almeida, Manuel Cláudio Motta Macedo, Luciano Da Silva Cabral, Rosemary Laís Galati. VALOR NUTRITIVO DE SILAGEM DE CAPIM-PIATÃ EM MONOCULTIVO E EM CONSÓRCIO COM SORGO DE CORTE E PASTEJO. Ciência Animal Brasileira. 2016; 17 (2):185-191.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndréia Da Cruz Quintino; Joadil Gonçalves Abreu; Roberto Giolo Almeida; Manuel Cláudio Motta Macedo; Luciano Da Silva Cabral; Rosemary Laís Galati. 2016. "VALOR NUTRITIVO DE SILAGEM DE CAPIM-PIATÃ EM MONOCULTIVO E EM CONSÓRCIO COM SORGO DE CORTE E PASTEJO." Ciência Animal Brasileira 17, no. 2: 185-191.
The objective of this paper was to perform a microclimate evaluation and determine the indexes of thermal comfort indexes, in sun and shade, in integrated crop-livestock-forest systems with different arrangements of eucalyptus and native trees, in the Brazilian Midwest. The experiment was conducted at Embrapa Beef Cattle in Campo Grande, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, from July to September 2013. The evaluations were conducted on four consecutive days, from 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., local time (GMT -4:00), with 1 hour intervals, recording the microclimate parameters: air temperature (°C), black globe temperature (°C), wet bulb temperature (°C), relative humidity (%), and wind speed (m.s(-1)), for the subsequent calculation of the Temperature and Humidity Index, the Black Globe Temperature and Humidity Index, and the Radiant Thermal Load. The largest changes in microclimate parameters were found in the full sun, between 12:00 p.m. and 1:00 p.m., in less dense eucalyptus system, followed by the scattered native trees system, resulting in a maximum Temperature and Humidity Index of 81, Black Globe Temperature and Humidity Index of 88 and Radiant Thermal Load of 794 W m(-2). Therefore, it is observed that with the presence of trees in pastures were possible reductions of up to 3.7 % in Temperature and Humidity Index, 10.2 % in the Black Globe Temperature and Humidity Index, and 28.3 % of the Radiant Thermal Load in the shade. Thus, one can conclude that the presence of trees and their arrangement in the systems provide better microclimate conditions and animal thermal comfort in pastures.
Nivaldo Karvatte; Elcio Silvério Klosowski; Roberto Giolo De Almeida; Eduardo Eustáquio Mesquita; Caroline Carvalho De Oliveira; Fabiana Villa Alves. Shading effect on microclimate and thermal comfort indexes in integrated crop-livestock-forest systems in the Brazilian Midwest. International Journal of Biometeorology 2016, 60, 1933 -1941.
AMA StyleNivaldo Karvatte, Elcio Silvério Klosowski, Roberto Giolo De Almeida, Eduardo Eustáquio Mesquita, Caroline Carvalho De Oliveira, Fabiana Villa Alves. Shading effect on microclimate and thermal comfort indexes in integrated crop-livestock-forest systems in the Brazilian Midwest. International Journal of Biometeorology. 2016; 60 (12):1933-1941.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNivaldo Karvatte; Elcio Silvério Klosowski; Roberto Giolo De Almeida; Eduardo Eustáquio Mesquita; Caroline Carvalho De Oliveira; Fabiana Villa Alves. 2016. "Shading effect on microclimate and thermal comfort indexes in integrated crop-livestock-forest systems in the Brazilian Midwest." International Journal of Biometeorology 60, no. 12: 1933-1941.
Soil physical quality is an important factor for the sustainability of agricultural systems. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate soil physical properties and soil organic carbon in a Typic Acrudox under an integrated crop-livestock-forest system. The experiment was carried out in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Treatments consisted of seven systems: integrated crop-livestock-forest, with 357 trees ha-1 and pasture height of 30 cm (CLF357-30); integrated crop-livestock-forest with 357 trees ha-1 and pasture height of 45 cm (CLF357-45); integrated crop-livestock-forest with 227 trees ha-1 and pasture height of 30 cm (CLF227-30); integrated crop-livestock-forest with 227 trees ha-1 and pasture height of 45 cm (CLF227-45); integrated crop-livestock with pasture height of 30 cm (CL30); integrated crop-livestock with pasture height of 45 cm (CL45) and native vegetation (NV). Soil properties were evaluated for the depths of 0-10 and 10-20 cm. All grazing treatments increased bulk density (r b) and penetration resistance (PR), and decreased total porosity (¦t) and macroporosity (¦ma), compared to NV. The values of r b (1.18-1.47 Mg m-3), ¦ma (0.14-0.17 m³ m-3) and PR (0.62-0.81 MPa) at the 0-10 cm depth were not restrictive to plant growth. The change in land use from NV to CL or CLF decreased soil organic carbon (SOC) and the soil organic carbon pool (SOCpool). All grazing treatments had a similar SOCpool at the 0-10 cm depth and were lower than that for NV (17.58 Mg ha-1).
Eurico Lucas De Sousa Neto; Itamar Andrioli; Roberto Giolo De Almeida; Manuel Cláudio Mota Macedo; Rattan Lal. Physical quality of an Oxisol under an integrated crop-livestock-forest system in the Brazilian Cerrado. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 2014, 38, 608 -618.
AMA StyleEurico Lucas De Sousa Neto, Itamar Andrioli, Roberto Giolo De Almeida, Manuel Cláudio Mota Macedo, Rattan Lal. Physical quality of an Oxisol under an integrated crop-livestock-forest system in the Brazilian Cerrado. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo. 2014; 38 (2):608-618.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEurico Lucas De Sousa Neto; Itamar Andrioli; Roberto Giolo De Almeida; Manuel Cláudio Mota Macedo; Rattan Lal. 2014. "Physical quality of an Oxisol under an integrated crop-livestock-forest system in the Brazilian Cerrado." Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 38, no. 2: 608-618.
Armindo N. Kichel; José A. A. Costa; Roberto G. Almeida; Valdinei T. Paulino. Sistemas de Integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta (iLPF)- Experiências no BRASIL. Boletim Indústria Animal 2014, 71, 94 -105.
AMA StyleArmindo N. Kichel, José A. A. Costa, Roberto G. Almeida, Valdinei T. Paulino. Sistemas de Integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta (iLPF)- Experiências no BRASIL. Boletim Indústria Animal. 2014; 71 (1):94-105.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArmindo N. Kichel; José A. A. Costa; Roberto G. Almeida; Valdinei T. Paulino. 2014. "Sistemas de Integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta (iLPF)- Experiências no BRASIL." Boletim Indústria Animal 71, no. 1: 94-105.
Our objective was to evaluate production, nutritive value and carrying capacity of piatã grass (Brachiaria brizantha cv. BRS Piatã), and performance of Nellore heifers in agrosilvopastoral systems (ASPS) with three eucalyptus (Eucalyptus urograndis) tree densities, during winter, spring, summer, and fall. Three integrated systems were evaluated: ASPS-1 (357 trees ha−1), ASPS-2 (227 trees ha−1), and CON (5 trees ha−1). In each system, two sward heights were evaluated: short and tall. A total of 80 11-month-old Nellore heifers were randomly allocated in a randomized split-plot block, 3 × 2 factorial. Greater dry matter availability was observed on CON pastures during the fall season. Greater percentage of leaf lamina was detected on ASPS-1 with short sward height and greater during summer, compared with other seasons. A greater forage production was observed between tree rows and for tall sward height. Spring was the season with less forage nutritive value. Average daily gain was greater during summer and fall. Gain per hectare and stocking rate were greater on CON system and on ASPS-2. Pastures with short sward height had greater gain per hectare and stocking rate. Agrosilvopastoral systems with intermediate tree density seem to be a good choice for producers willing to diversify their revenue sources without decreasing animal production.
Caroline Carvalho de Oliveira; Severino Delmar Junqueira Villela; Roberto Giolo de Almeida; Fabiana Villa Alves; Arthur Behling-Neto; Paulo Gustavo Macedo De Almeida Martins. Performance of Nellore heifers, forage mass, and structural and nutritional characteristics of Brachiaria brizantha grass in integrated production systems. Tropical Animal Health and Production 2013, 46, 167 -172.
AMA StyleCaroline Carvalho de Oliveira, Severino Delmar Junqueira Villela, Roberto Giolo de Almeida, Fabiana Villa Alves, Arthur Behling-Neto, Paulo Gustavo Macedo De Almeida Martins. Performance of Nellore heifers, forage mass, and structural and nutritional characteristics of Brachiaria brizantha grass in integrated production systems. Tropical Animal Health and Production. 2013; 46 (1):167-172.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCaroline Carvalho de Oliveira; Severino Delmar Junqueira Villela; Roberto Giolo de Almeida; Fabiana Villa Alves; Arthur Behling-Neto; Paulo Gustavo Macedo De Almeida Martins. 2013. "Performance of Nellore heifers, forage mass, and structural and nutritional characteristics of Brachiaria brizantha grass in integrated production systems." Tropical Animal Health and Production 46, no. 1: 167-172.
The influence of cutting age on production and nutritive value of piatã grass (Brachiariabrizantha cv. BRS Piatã) and hybrid sorghum (Sorghum spp. cv. BRS 801) under an integrated croplivestocksystem was evaluated. The trial was carried out at the Embrapa Beef Cattle (2027 S; 5437 W) inCampo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil, between April and October 2009. Experimental designconsisted of randomized blocks with four replicates. Treatments were distributed across a split-plot design,which included three production systems (single piatã grass; single hybrid sorghum; mixed cultivation ofsorghum and piatã grass). Half-plots consisted of three forage ages at harvest (with 70, 90 and 110 days afterseeding). Variables included agronomical characteristics, productivity and nutrition value. Regardless of theevaluated systems, cutting age affected agronomical characteristics and in vitro digestibility of organic matter(IVDOM). Production was highest (4,048 kg ha-1) within the integrated system. Regardless of cutting age,monoculture sorghum had the highest crude protein level. Results showed that integrated sorghum andpiatã grasses were an asset for forage productivity. Forages had higher values in crude protein and in in vitrodigestibility of organic matter on the 70th day after seeding.
Andréia Da Cruz Quintino; Joadil Gonçalves De Abreu; Roberto Giolo De Almeida; Manuel Cláudio Motta Macedo; Luciano Da Silva Cabral; Rosemary Lais Galati. Production and nutrition rates of piatã grass and hybrid sorghum at different cutting ages - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v35i3.18016. Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences 2013, 35, 243-249 .
AMA StyleAndréia Da Cruz Quintino, Joadil Gonçalves De Abreu, Roberto Giolo De Almeida, Manuel Cláudio Motta Macedo, Luciano Da Silva Cabral, Rosemary Lais Galati. Production and nutrition rates of piatã grass and hybrid sorghum at different cutting ages - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v35i3.18016. Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences. 2013; 35 (3):243-249.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndréia Da Cruz Quintino; Joadil Gonçalves De Abreu; Roberto Giolo De Almeida; Manuel Cláudio Motta Macedo; Luciano Da Silva Cabral; Rosemary Lais Galati. 2013. "Production and nutrition rates of piatã grass and hybrid sorghum at different cutting ages - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v35i3.18016." Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences 35, no. 3: 243-249.
Agroforestry systems for animal husbandry in Brazil, including integrated crop-livestock-forest systems (ICLF), are very diverse, and present several technical, environmental and socio-economic benefits. For each of the country’s 5 regions (Southeast, Central-West, North, Northeast and South) the prevailing agroforestry systems holding animals are presented, their potential and constraints discussed and research needs identified. In general, such systems are not broadly adopted, mainly because of their level of complexity compared with traditional systems, as well as some lack of understanding by farmers regarding their benefits. To change this situation, in the last 5 years, the Brazilian Government has allocated financial resources in terms of credit for development as well as for research and technology transfer addressing ICLF systems, including good agricultural practices and mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions. The goal is to improve competitiveness of the Brazilian agribusiness sector.
Roberto G. De Almeida; Carlos Mauricio S. De Andrade; Domingos S.C. Paciullo; Paulo C.C. Fernandes; Ana Clara R. Cavalcante; Rodrigo A. Barbosa; Cacilda B. Do Valle. Brazilian agroforestry systems for cattle and sheep. Tropical Grasslands - Forrajes Tropicales 2013, 1, 175-183 .
AMA StyleRoberto G. De Almeida, Carlos Mauricio S. De Andrade, Domingos S.C. Paciullo, Paulo C.C. Fernandes, Ana Clara R. Cavalcante, Rodrigo A. Barbosa, Cacilda B. Do Valle. Brazilian agroforestry systems for cattle and sheep. Tropical Grasslands - Forrajes Tropicales. 2013; 1 (2):175-183.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoberto G. De Almeida; Carlos Mauricio S. De Andrade; Domingos S.C. Paciullo; Paulo C.C. Fernandes; Ana Clara R. Cavalcante; Rodrigo A. Barbosa; Cacilda B. Do Valle. 2013. "Brazilian agroforestry systems for cattle and sheep." Tropical Grasslands - Forrajes Tropicales 1, no. 2: 175-183.
O experimento foi conduzido em Cáceres, Estado do Mato Grosso, com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de doses de nitrogênio sobre a produção de forragem e a composição química do capim-tifton 85 (Cynodon spp.). Utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos completos casualizados com cinco tratamentos (0, 60, 120, 180 e 240 kg há-1 de N) e quatro repetições, em parcelas de 4,0 x 5,0 m. Foram realizados quatro cortes a intervalos de 30 dias, na altura de 5 cm do nível do solo, sendo as doses de N parceladas em quatro aplicações após cada corte, sob a forma de ureia, em cobertura. Foi observado, para cada kg ha-1 de N aplicado, aumento, na produção de matéria seca total de 22,67 kg ha-1, na produção de lâmina foliar verde de 11,37 kg ha-1, na altura do relvado de 0,052 cm e no teor de proteína bruta da forragem de 0,00955 dag kg-1, e diminuição no teor de FDN de 0,0142 dag kg-1. Observou-se aumento na extração de N a uma taxa de 0,537 kg kg-1 de N e diminuição acentuada da eficiência de utilização do N a partir da dose estimada de 155 kg ha-1 de N.
João Paulo De Souza Quaresma; Roberto Giolo De Almeida; Joadil Gonçalves De Abreu; Luciano Da Silva Cabral; Marco Antônio De Oliveira; Daniel Marino Guedes De Carvalho. Produção e composição bromatológica do capim-tifton 85 (Cynodon spp.) submetido a doses de nitrogênio. Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences 2011, 33, 145-150 .
AMA StyleJoão Paulo De Souza Quaresma, Roberto Giolo De Almeida, Joadil Gonçalves De Abreu, Luciano Da Silva Cabral, Marco Antônio De Oliveira, Daniel Marino Guedes De Carvalho. Produção e composição bromatológica do capim-tifton 85 (Cynodon spp.) submetido a doses de nitrogênio. Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences. 2011; 33 (2):145-150.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoão Paulo De Souza Quaresma; Roberto Giolo De Almeida; Joadil Gonçalves De Abreu; Luciano Da Silva Cabral; Marco Antônio De Oliveira; Daniel Marino Guedes De Carvalho. 2011. "Produção e composição bromatológica do capim-tifton 85 (Cynodon spp.) submetido a doses de nitrogênio." Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences 33, no. 2: 145-150.
Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de períodos de pré-emurchecimento das gramíneas Estrela- Africana-Branca [Cynodon plectostachyus (K. Schum.) Pilg.] e Tifton 85 (Cynodon sp.) sobre algumas características de suas silagens. Utilizou-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado com dez tratamentos e três repetições. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em esquema fatorial 2x5, sendo duas gramíneas (Estrela-Africana-Branca e Tifton 85) e cinco períodos de pré-emurchecimento da forragem (0, 1, 2, 3 e 4 h). As gramíneas foram cortadas aos 50 dias de rebrotação e permaneceram ensiladas por 55 dias em silos experimentais. O pré-emurchecimento promoveu aumento no teor de matéria seca da forragem cortada e da silagem das gramíneas Tifton 85 e Estrela Africana Branca. Houve diminuição nos teores de N-amoniacal (N-NH3/N-total) da silagem do capim-estrela-africana-branca, a uma taxa de 1,66 unidade percentual por hora de pré-emurchecimento, mas não houve alteração nessa variável da silagem do capim-tifton 85. A silagem do capim-tifton 85 apresentou maior recuperação de matéria seca, maior teor de FDN e menor teor de proteína bruta do que a silagem do capim-estrela-africana-branca. O pH e o teor de FDA das silagens não foram influenciados pelo pré-emurchecimento.
João Paulo Souza Quaresma; Joadil Gonçalves De Abreu; Roberto Giolo De Almeida; Luciano Da Silva Cabral; Marco Antônio De Oliveira; Rosane Cláudia Rodrigues. Recuperação de matéria seca e composição química de silagens de gramíneas do gênero Cynodon submetidas a períodos de pré-emurchecimento. Ciência e Agrotecnologia 2010, 34, 1232 -1237.
AMA StyleJoão Paulo Souza Quaresma, Joadil Gonçalves De Abreu, Roberto Giolo De Almeida, Luciano Da Silva Cabral, Marco Antônio De Oliveira, Rosane Cláudia Rodrigues. Recuperação de matéria seca e composição química de silagens de gramíneas do gênero Cynodon submetidas a períodos de pré-emurchecimento. Ciência e Agrotecnologia. 2010; 34 (5):1232-1237.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoão Paulo Souza Quaresma; Joadil Gonçalves De Abreu; Roberto Giolo De Almeida; Luciano Da Silva Cabral; Marco Antônio De Oliveira; Rosane Cláudia Rodrigues. 2010. "Recuperação de matéria seca e composição química de silagens de gramíneas do gênero Cynodon submetidas a períodos de pré-emurchecimento." Ciência e Agrotecnologia 34, no. 5: 1232-1237.