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A novel modelling and simulation framework on CO2 desorption process from post-combustion CO2 capture was developed by a coupled membrane vacuum regeneration technology (MVR) and four imidazolium ionic liquids (ILs) with remarkably different viscosity values. The ILs 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([emim][Ac]), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([bmim][Ac]), 1-butyl-3- methylimidazolium isobutyrate ([bmim][i-but]), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium glycinate ([bmim][GLY]) were selected. COSMO based/Aspen Plus methodology was effectively implemented to estimate the physical and chemical CO2 absorption parameters by kinetic and thermodynamic models fitted to experimental data to design the regeneration process in Aspen Plus software. The membrane contactor unit for solvent regeneration was custom-built and successfully imported into the simulation tool, as no model library for the MVR existed yet in the commercial package for the steady state process flowsheet simulation. The effect on CO2 desorbed flux and process performance was evaluated for the comparison purpose between ILs at different operational conditions. High temperature, vacuum level and module length are beneficial to the solvent regeneration process, while low liquid flow-rate increases the CO2 desorption flux but also decrease the process performance. The viscosity, CO2 solubility and reaction enthalpy were identified as key thermodynamic properties of IL selection. The IL ([emim][Ac]) presented the highest regeneration performance (around 92% at 313 K and vacuum pressure of 0.04 bar) with a total energy consumption of 0.62 MJ·kgCO2-1, which is lower than conventional amino-based high temperature regeneration process (1.55 MJ·kgCO2-1). These results pointed out the interest of the membrane vacuum regeneration technology based on ILs compared to the conventional solvent-based thermal regeneration, but further techno-economic evaluation is further needed to ensure the competitiveness of this novel CO2 desorption approach to the large-scale application.
Jose Manuel Vadillo; Daniel Hospital-Benito; Cristian Moya; Lucia Gomez-Coma; Jose Palomar; Aurora Garea; Angel Irabien. Modelling and simulation of hollow fiber membrane vacuum regeneration for CO2 desorption processes using ionic liquids. Separation and Purification Technology 2021, 277, 119465 .
AMA StyleJose Manuel Vadillo, Daniel Hospital-Benito, Cristian Moya, Lucia Gomez-Coma, Jose Palomar, Aurora Garea, Angel Irabien. Modelling and simulation of hollow fiber membrane vacuum regeneration for CO2 desorption processes using ionic liquids. Separation and Purification Technology. 2021; 277 ():119465.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJose Manuel Vadillo; Daniel Hospital-Benito; Cristian Moya; Lucia Gomez-Coma; Jose Palomar; Aurora Garea; Angel Irabien. 2021. "Modelling and simulation of hollow fiber membrane vacuum regeneration for CO2 desorption processes using ionic liquids." Separation and Purification Technology 277, no. : 119465.
Tin oxide nanoparticles (SnO2 NPs) as electrocatalyst for the production of formate from CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). We synthesize, characterize and evaluate high surface area SnO2 NPs (2.4 nm and 299 m2 g−1 in diameter size and surface area, respectively), for the continuous production of formate at high current density within a flow electrolyzer. SnO2 NPs under Ar and CO2 reduction conditions were studied by cyclic voltammetry. SnO2-based gas diffusion electrodes (SnO2-GDEs) were manufactured to perform continuous CO2RR. A maximum formate concentration value of 27 g L−1 was achieved with a Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 44.9 % at 300 mA cm-2, which was significantly stable and reproducible when operated up to 10 h. Nevertheless, ohmic drop contribution due to the semiconducting properties of SnO2 was not negligible. The low total FE (< 60 %) of products pointed out a leakage of formate by crossover migration through the membrane from the catholyte towards the anolyte.
Ivan Merino-Garcia; Lionel Tinat; Jonathan Albo; Manuel Alvarez-Guerra; Angel Irabien; Olivier Durupthy; Vincent Vivier; Carlos M. Sánchez-Sánchez. Continuous electroconversion of CO2 into formate using 2 nm tin oxide nanoparticles. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 2021, 297, 120447 .
AMA StyleIvan Merino-Garcia, Lionel Tinat, Jonathan Albo, Manuel Alvarez-Guerra, Angel Irabien, Olivier Durupthy, Vincent Vivier, Carlos M. Sánchez-Sánchez. Continuous electroconversion of CO2 into formate using 2 nm tin oxide nanoparticles. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 2021; 297 ():120447.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIvan Merino-Garcia; Lionel Tinat; Jonathan Albo; Manuel Alvarez-Guerra; Angel Irabien; Olivier Durupthy; Vincent Vivier; Carlos M. Sánchez-Sánchez. 2021. "Continuous electroconversion of CO2 into formate using 2 nm tin oxide nanoparticles." Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 297, no. : 120447.
Environmental and economic assessment of decarbonization of formate (HCOO−) and dihydroxyacetone (DHA) by the recent approach using the alternative anode-glycerol (GLY) electro-oxidation (EOG) to produce the anodic add-value products.
Marta Rumayor; Antonio Dominguez-Ramos; Ángel Irabien. Feasibility analysis of a CO2 recycling plant for the decarbonization of formate and dihydroxyacetone production. Green Chemistry 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleMarta Rumayor, Antonio Dominguez-Ramos, Ángel Irabien. Feasibility analysis of a CO2 recycling plant for the decarbonization of formate and dihydroxyacetone production. Green Chemistry. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Rumayor; Antonio Dominguez-Ramos; Ángel Irabien. 2021. "Feasibility analysis of a CO2 recycling plant for the decarbonization of formate and dihydroxyacetone production." Green Chemistry , no. : 1.
The utilization of CO2 can be grouped into three main categories: technological utilization, enhanced biological utilization, and production of chemicals and fuels. This chapter provides the basic principles of the electro-, photo-, and photoelectrochemical processes for CO2 conversion, taking mainly into consideration the applied catalytic materials and cell geometries. The key challenges to be faced are envisaged, proposing future steps to be undertaken to advance as fast as possible toward realistic solutions for CO2 utilization. In order to convert CO2 into useful products, CO2 must be “reduced,” i.e. it must gain electrodes from another species, in a transactional process of “reduction–oxidation,” commonly known as “redox.” Several different figures of merit are commonly used to assess the performance of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction processes: rate of product formation, current density, faradaic efficiency, and energetic efficiency.
Jonathan Albo; Manuel Alvarez‐Guerra; Angel Irabien. Electro‐, Photo‐, and Photoelectro‐chemical Reduction of CO 2. Heterogeneous Catalysts 2021, 649 -669.
AMA StyleJonathan Albo, Manuel Alvarez‐Guerra, Angel Irabien. Electro‐, Photo‐, and Photoelectro‐chemical Reduction of CO 2. Heterogeneous Catalysts. 2021; ():649-669.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJonathan Albo; Manuel Alvarez‐Guerra; Angel Irabien. 2021. "Electro‐, Photo‐, and Photoelectro‐chemical Reduction of CO 2." Heterogeneous Catalysts , no. : 649-669.
Hot-dip galvanisation (HDG) is the method most commonly used to protect steel surfaces from corrosion. However, HDG involves very intensive consumption of energy and resources. This paper aims to evaluate the environmental performance and hotspots in the Spanish HDG sector using cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA). Two Spanish HDG industrial plants, with different galvanisation capacities and manufacturing processes, were selected for the case study. The LCA revealed that the consumption of energy, fuels and nonrenewable resources were the most relevant environmental burdens at both plants. Steel was the main contributor, as it had the greatest influence on the plants’ environmental profiles. The consumption of primary zinc and natural gas, used to dry and heat the molten zinc bath, also contributed to the impact of the HDG plants. This work proposes a normalisation to compare the Spanish sector against a European reference based on the average of 66 companies in 14 countries. The impacts of the Spanish HDG plants being studied were generally below the EGGA values, although the results are strongly influenced by the type of steel and the degree of material reuse implemented in the steel manufacturing process. The study lays the foundations for improvements in the resource efficiency and productivity of galvanisation plants. We propose alternatives such as the use of secondary zinc or modifications that will extend the lifespan of pickling baths, which would contribute to a more sustainable use of resources in the galvanising industry.
Andrea Arguillarena; María Margallo; Ane Urtiaga; Angel Irabien. Life-cycle assessment as a tool to evaluate the environmental impact of hot-dip galvanisation. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 290, 125676 .
AMA StyleAndrea Arguillarena, María Margallo, Ane Urtiaga, Angel Irabien. Life-cycle assessment as a tool to evaluate the environmental impact of hot-dip galvanisation. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 290 ():125676.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrea Arguillarena; María Margallo; Ane Urtiaga; Angel Irabien. 2020. "Life-cycle assessment as a tool to evaluate the environmental impact of hot-dip galvanisation." Journal of Cleaner Production 290, no. : 125676.
Postcombustion carbon capture (PCC) using membrane technology is a rising alternative to PCC processes that are based on conventional equipment, such as CO2 absorption–desorption in packed columns, to mitigate human-associated climate change. Research on CO2 capture systems has centered on improving the CO2 absorption process efficiency, while little attention has been devoted to the performance of the solvent regeneration technology. In this review, research development is focused on the performance of the CO2 desorption process using hollow fiber membrane contactors. The main impact factors in membrane contactor technology are presented, including solvent and membrane material selection, membrane module design, mass transfer correlations, operational issues, modeling, and simulations. Each section is discussed in terms of its current status future challenges to improve the technology for its industrial implementation are described.
Jose Manuel Vadillo; Lucía Gómez-Coma; Aurora Garea; Angel Irabien. Hollow Fiber Membrane Contactors in CO2 Desorption: A Review. Energy & Fuels 2020, 35, 111 -136.
AMA StyleJose Manuel Vadillo, Lucía Gómez-Coma, Aurora Garea, Angel Irabien. Hollow Fiber Membrane Contactors in CO2 Desorption: A Review. Energy & Fuels. 2020; 35 (1):111-136.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJose Manuel Vadillo; Lucía Gómez-Coma; Aurora Garea; Angel Irabien. 2020. "Hollow Fiber Membrane Contactors in CO2 Desorption: A Review." Energy & Fuels 35, no. 1: 111-136.
Membrane technology is a simple and energy-conservative separation option that is considered to be a green alternative for CO2 capture processes. However, commercially available membranes still face challenges regarding water and chemical resistance. In this study, the effect of water and organic contaminants in the feed stream on the CO2/CH4 separation performance is evaluated as a function of the hydrophilic and permselective features of the top layer of the membrane. The membranes were a commercial hydrophobic membrane with a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) top layer (Sulzer Chemtech) and a hydrophilic flat composite membrane with a hydrophilic [emim][ac] ionic liquid–chitosan (IL–CS) thin layer on a commercial polyethersulfone (PES) support developed in our laboratory. Both membranes were immersed in NaOH 1M solutions and washed thoroughly before characterization. The CO2 permeance was similar for both NaOH-treated membranes in the whole range of feed concentration (up to 250 GPU). The presence of water vapor and organic impurities of the feed gas largely affects the gas permeance through the hydrophobic PDMS membrane, while the behavior of the hydrophilic IL–CS/PES membranes is scarcely affected. The effects of the interaction of the contaminants in the membrane selective layer are being further evaluated.
Clara Casado-Coterillo; Aurora Garea; Ángel Irabien. Effect of Water and Organic Pollutant in CO2/CH4 Separation Using Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Composite Membranes. Membranes 2020, 10, 405 .
AMA StyleClara Casado-Coterillo, Aurora Garea, Ángel Irabien. Effect of Water and Organic Pollutant in CO2/CH4 Separation Using Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Composite Membranes. Membranes. 2020; 10 (12):405.
Chicago/Turabian StyleClara Casado-Coterillo; Aurora Garea; Ángel Irabien. 2020. "Effect of Water and Organic Pollutant in CO2/CH4 Separation Using Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Composite Membranes." Membranes 10, no. 12: 405.
Fossil fuels are being progressively substituted by a cleaner and more environmentally friendly form of energy, where hydrogen fuel cells stand out. However, the implementation of a competitive hydrogen economy still presents several challenges related to economic costs, required infrastructures, and environmental performance. In this context, the objective of this work is to determine the environmental performance of the recovery of hydrogen from industrial waste gas streams to feed high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells for stationary applications. The life-cycle assessment (LCA) analyzed alternative scenarios with different process configurations, considering as functional unit 1 kg of hydrogen produced, 1 kWh of energy obtained, and 1 kg of inlet flow. The results make the recovery of hydrogen from waste streams environmentally preferable over alternative processes like methane reforming or coal gasification. The production of the fuel cell device resulted in high contributions in the abiotic depletion potential and acidification potential, mainly due to the presence of platinum metal in the anode and cathode. The design and operation conditions that defined a more favorable scenario are the availability of a pressurized waste gas stream, the use of photovoltaic electricity, and the implementation of an energy recovery system for the residual methane stream.
Ricardo Abejón; Ana Fernández-Ríos; Antonio Domínguez-Ramos; Jara Laso; Israel Ruiz-Salmón; María Yáñez; Alfredo Ortiz; Daniel Gorri; Nicolas Donzel; Deborah Jones; Angel Irabien; Inmaculada Ortiz; Rubén Aldaco; María Margallo. Hydrogen Recovery from Waste Gas Streams to Feed (High-Temperature PEM) Fuel Cells: Environmental Performance under a Life-Cycle Thinking Approach. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 7461 .
AMA StyleRicardo Abejón, Ana Fernández-Ríos, Antonio Domínguez-Ramos, Jara Laso, Israel Ruiz-Salmón, María Yáñez, Alfredo Ortiz, Daniel Gorri, Nicolas Donzel, Deborah Jones, Angel Irabien, Inmaculada Ortiz, Rubén Aldaco, María Margallo. Hydrogen Recovery from Waste Gas Streams to Feed (High-Temperature PEM) Fuel Cells: Environmental Performance under a Life-Cycle Thinking Approach. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (21):7461.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRicardo Abejón; Ana Fernández-Ríos; Antonio Domínguez-Ramos; Jara Laso; Israel Ruiz-Salmón; María Yáñez; Alfredo Ortiz; Daniel Gorri; Nicolas Donzel; Deborah Jones; Angel Irabien; Inmaculada Ortiz; Rubén Aldaco; María Margallo. 2020. "Hydrogen Recovery from Waste Gas Streams to Feed (High-Temperature PEM) Fuel Cells: Environmental Performance under a Life-Cycle Thinking Approach." Applied Sciences 10, no. 21: 7461.
The chemistry and electrochemistry basic fields have been active for the last two decades of the past century studying how the modification of the electrodes’ surface by coating with conductive thin films enhances their electrocatalytic activity and sensitivity. In light of the development of alternative sustainable ways of energy storage and carbon dioxide conversion by electrochemical reduction, these research studies are starting to jump into the 21st century to more applied fields such as chemical engineering, energy and environmental science, and engineering. The huge amount of literature on experimental works dealing with the development of CO2 electroreduction processes addresses electrocatalyst development and reactor configurations. Membranes can help with understanding and controlling the mass transport limitations of current electrodes as well as leading to novel reactor designs. The present work makes use of a bibliometric analysis directed to the papers published in the 21st century on membrane-coated electrodes and electrocatalysts to enhance the electrochemical reactor performance and their potential in the urgent issue of carbon dioxide capture and utilization.
Clara Casado-Coterillo; Aitor Marcos-Madrazo; Aurora Garea; Ángel Irabien. An Analysis of Research on Membrane-Coated Electrodes in the 2001–2019 Period: Potential Application to CO2 Capture and Utilization. Catalysts 2020, 10, 1226 .
AMA StyleClara Casado-Coterillo, Aitor Marcos-Madrazo, Aurora Garea, Ángel Irabien. An Analysis of Research on Membrane-Coated Electrodes in the 2001–2019 Period: Potential Application to CO2 Capture and Utilization. Catalysts. 2020; 10 (11):1226.
Chicago/Turabian StyleClara Casado-Coterillo; Aitor Marcos-Madrazo; Aurora Garea; Ángel Irabien. 2020. "An Analysis of Research on Membrane-Coated Electrodes in the 2001–2019 Period: Potential Application to CO2 Capture and Utilization." Catalysts 10, no. 11: 1226.
A highly efficient copper-catalyst (noble-metal free) was developed for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 (ERCO2) to methanol. Due to the nanowire structure of the catalyst, a remarkable ERCO2 selectivity was achieved, while the competing H2 evolution reaction (HER) was significantly suppressed for the overall range of potential tested. The developed copper-catalyst (CuO NWs) outperforms the single metal Cu-catalysts in aqueous environment. Under atmospheric conditions, methanol was produced at an overpotential of 410 mV with a faradaic efficiency (FE) of 66 %, and 1.27 × 10−4 mol m−2 s−1 of production yield; which represents a 6.7 % improvement over the previously reported value of 1.19 × 10-4 mol m-2 s−1. Interestingly, when the developed CuO NWs was used as a gas diffusion electrode (GDE) in a filter-press cell (more real industrial configuration), methanol remained as the major ERCO2 product with the same FE (66 %).
Cátia Azenha; Cecilia Mateos-Pedrero; Manuel Alvarez-Guerra; Angel Irabien; Adélio Mendes. Enhancement of the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to methanol and suppression of H2 evolution over CuO nanowires. Electrochimica Acta 2020, 363, 137207 .
AMA StyleCátia Azenha, Cecilia Mateos-Pedrero, Manuel Alvarez-Guerra, Angel Irabien, Adélio Mendes. Enhancement of the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to methanol and suppression of H2 evolution over CuO nanowires. Electrochimica Acta. 2020; 363 ():137207.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCátia Azenha; Cecilia Mateos-Pedrero; Manuel Alvarez-Guerra; Angel Irabien; Adélio Mendes. 2020. "Enhancement of the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to methanol and suppression of H2 evolution over CuO nanowires." Electrochimica Acta 363, no. : 137207.
Climate change has become one of the most important challenges in the 21st century, and the electroreduction of CO2 to value-added products has gained increasing importance in recent years. In this context, formic acid or formate are interesting products because they could be used as raw materials in several industries as well as promising fuels in fuel cells. Despite the great number of studies published in the field of the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to formic acid/formate working with electrocatalysts of different nature and electrode configurations, few of them are focused on the comparison of different electrocatalyst materials and electrode configurations. Therefore, this work aims at presenting a rigorous and comprehensive comparative assessment of different experimental data previously published after many years of research in different working electrode configurations and electrocatalysts in a continuous mode with a single pass of the inputs through the reactor. Thus, the behavior of the CO2 electroreduction to formate is compared operating with Sn and Bi-based materials under Gas Diffusion Electrodes (GDEs) and Catalyst Coated Membrane Electrodes (CCMEs) configurations. Considering the same electrocatalyst, the use of CCMEs improves the performance in terms of formate concentration and energy consumption. Nevertheless, higher formate rates can be achieved with GDEs because they allow operation at higher current densities of up to 300 mA·cm−2. Bi-based-GDEs outperformed Sn-GDEs in all the figures of merit considered. The comparison also highlights that in CCME configuration, the employ of Bi-based-electrodes enhanced the behavior of the process, increasing the formate concentration by 35% and the Faradaic efficiency by 11%.
Guillermo Díaz-Sainz; Manuel Alvarez-Guerra; Angel Irabien. Continuous Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to Formate: Comparative Study of the Influence of the Electrode Configuration with Sn and Bi-Based Electrocatalysts. Molecules 2020, 25, 4457 .
AMA StyleGuillermo Díaz-Sainz, Manuel Alvarez-Guerra, Angel Irabien. Continuous Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to Formate: Comparative Study of the Influence of the Electrode Configuration with Sn and Bi-Based Electrocatalysts. Molecules. 2020; 25 (19):4457.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGuillermo Díaz-Sainz; Manuel Alvarez-Guerra; Angel Irabien. 2020. "Continuous Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to Formate: Comparative Study of the Influence of the Electrode Configuration with Sn and Bi-Based Electrocatalysts." Molecules 25, no. 19: 4457.
The chemistry and electrochemistry basic fields have been active since the last two decades of the past century studying how surface modification of electrodes by coating with conductive films enhances their activity and performance. In the light of the development of alternative sustainable ways of energy storage and carbon dioxide conversion by electrochemical processes, these research studies have jumped in the 21st century to more applied fields such as chemical engineering, energy and environmental science and engineering. The huge amount of literature on experimental works dealing with the development of CO2 electroreduction processes addresses electrocatalyst development. Membranes can help understanding and controlling the mass transport limitations of current electrodes and reactors designs. The present bibliometric review addresses the papers published in the 21st century regarding membrane coated electrodes and electrocatalysts to enhance electrochemical reactor performance and viability with a special focus on the urgent issue of carbon dioxide capture and utilization.
Clara Casado-Coterillo; Aitor Marcos-Madrazo; Aurora Garea; Angel Irabien. A Bibliometric Analysis of Research on Membrane Coated Electrodes in the 2001-2019 Period: Potential Application to CO2 Capture and Utilization. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleClara Casado-Coterillo, Aitor Marcos-Madrazo, Aurora Garea, Angel Irabien. A Bibliometric Analysis of Research on Membrane Coated Electrodes in the 2001-2019 Period: Potential Application to CO2 Capture and Utilization. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleClara Casado-Coterillo; Aitor Marcos-Madrazo; Aurora Garea; Angel Irabien. 2020. "A Bibliometric Analysis of Research on Membrane Coated Electrodes in the 2001-2019 Period: Potential Application to CO2 Capture and Utilization." , no. : 1.
In this work, the membrane vacuum regeneration (MVR) process was considered as a promising technology for solvent regeneration in post-combustion CO2 capture and utilization (CCU) since high purity CO2 is needed for a technical valorization approach. First, a desorption test by MVR using polypropylene hollow fiber membrane contactor (PP-HFMC) was carried out in order to evaluate the behavior of physical and physico-chemical absorbents in terms of CO2 solubility and regeneration efficiency. The ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, [emim][Ac], was presented as a suitable alternative to conventional amine-based absorbents. Then, a rigorous two-dimensional mathematical model of the MVR process in a HFMC was developed based on a pseudo-steady-state to understand the influence of the solvent regeneration process in the absorption–desorption process. CO2 absorption–desorption experiments in PP-HFMC at different operating conditions for desorption, varying vacuum pressure and temperature, were used for model validation. Results showed that MVR efficiency increased from 3% at room temperature and 500 mbar to 95% at 310K and 40 mbar vacuum. Moreover, model deviation studies were carried out using sensitivity analysis of Henry’s constant and pre-exponential factor of chemical interaction, thus as to contribute to the knowledge in further works.
Jose Manuel Vadillo; Lucia Gómez-Coma; Aurora Garea; Angel Irabien. CO2 Desorption Performance from Imidazolium Ionic Liquids by Membrane Vacuum Regeneration Technology. Membranes 2020, 10, 234 .
AMA StyleJose Manuel Vadillo, Lucia Gómez-Coma, Aurora Garea, Angel Irabien. CO2 Desorption Performance from Imidazolium Ionic Liquids by Membrane Vacuum Regeneration Technology. Membranes. 2020; 10 (9):234.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJose Manuel Vadillo; Lucia Gómez-Coma; Aurora Garea; Angel Irabien. 2020. "CO2 Desorption Performance from Imidazolium Ionic Liquids by Membrane Vacuum Regeneration Technology." Membranes 10, no. 9: 234.
The electrochemical conversion of CO2 is gaining increasing attention because it could be considered as an appealing strategy for making value-added products at mild conditions from CO2 captured. In this work, we report a process for the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to formate (HCOO−) operating in a continuous way, employing a single pass of the reactants through the electrochemical reactor and using Bi carbon supported nanoparticles in the form of a membrane electrode assembly composed by a Gas Diffusion Electrode, a current collector and a cationic exchange membrane. This contribution presents the best trade-off between HCOO− concentration, Faradaic Efficiency and energy consumption in the literature. We also show noteworthy values of energy consumption required of only 180 kWh·kmol−1 of HCOO−, lower than previous approaches, working at current densities that allow achieving formate concentration higher than 300 g·L−1 and simultaneously, a Faradaic Efficiency close to 90%. The results here displayed make the electrochemical approach closer for future implementation at the industrial scale.
Guillermo Díaz-Sainz; Manuel Alvarez-Guerra; Beatriz Ávila-Bolívar; José Solla-Gullón; Vicente Montiel; Angel Irabien. Improving trade-offs in the figures of merit of gas-phase single-pass continuous CO2 electrocatalytic reduction to formate. Chemical Engineering Journal 2020, 405, 126965 .
AMA StyleGuillermo Díaz-Sainz, Manuel Alvarez-Guerra, Beatriz Ávila-Bolívar, José Solla-Gullón, Vicente Montiel, Angel Irabien. Improving trade-offs in the figures of merit of gas-phase single-pass continuous CO2 electrocatalytic reduction to formate. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2020; 405 ():126965.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGuillermo Díaz-Sainz; Manuel Alvarez-Guerra; Beatriz Ávila-Bolívar; José Solla-Gullón; Vicente Montiel; Angel Irabien. 2020. "Improving trade-offs in the figures of merit of gas-phase single-pass continuous CO2 electrocatalytic reduction to formate." Chemical Engineering Journal 405, no. : 126965.
Antonio Dominguez-Ramos; Angel Irabien. The role of power-to-gas in the European Union. Green Chemical Engineering 2020, 1, 6 -8.
AMA StyleAntonio Dominguez-Ramos, Angel Irabien. The role of power-to-gas in the European Union. Green Chemical Engineering. 2020; 1 (1):6-8.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonio Dominguez-Ramos; Angel Irabien. 2020. "The role of power-to-gas in the European Union." Green Chemical Engineering 1, no. 1: 6-8.
Decarbonizing the so-called “hard-to-abate” sectors is considered more technically challenging than others such as energy or transportation since they entail emissions not only from heat and power generation but also from manufacturing and process industries. The opportunities for them are less obvious and the challenges are greater so their shift or transition to zero emissions are still relatively unexplored. In this case of study, we aim to analyze the environmental impact and the techno-economic viability of the integration of a carbon capture and utilization (CCU) plant that produces CO2-based methanol (CO2-MeOH) by means of electrochemical reduction (ER) in the hard-to-abate sector of synthetic soda ash. With a rigorous emphasis on the goal of net zero-CO2 emissions, life cycle assessment (LCA) and techno-economic assessment (TEA) were used as tools in order to guide further research and development towards its potential final commercialization. LCA and TEA results have demonstrated that it is possible to reduce the carbon footprint (CF) of the synthetic soda ash production at a reasonable cost within proper medium/long term developments. Several scenarios have been assessed considering the future innovation of the CCU-ER technology as well as the future evolution of the electricity and CO2 market prices, due to the application of instruments such as Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) and the European Union Emissions Trading System. The scenarios analyzed suggest that the complete electrification of the integrated plants of soda ash through electric heat (EH) is positive from the environmental perspective. This EH represents the direct conversion of renewable electricity to industrial heat. The results displayed a reduction in the CF of soda ash up to 74% as long as the entire integrated plant was run on renewable electricity and considering the commercialization of the ER side products such as H2 and O2. Not considering the selling of these two products leads to more modest reduction around 41%. However, this complete electrification has major implications on the economics profile under the current combination of electricity and CO2 market prices. Low-cost electricity, e.g., using surpluses of renewable electricity and/or PPAs, and a higher CO2 price, which can be expected in the short/mid-term are required to ensure economic feasibility. A 50% reduction of the current average wholesale electricity price that was used as a reference in the present study (43 €·MWh-1) will ensure economic feasibility under the proper ER technology development. The insights gained in this study may be of assistance in the sustainable implementation of CCU in energy-intensive manufacturing processes.
Marta Rumayor; Antonio Dominguez-Ramos; Angel Irabien. Toward the Decarbonization of Hard-To-Abate Sectors: A Case Study of the Soda Ash Production. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 2020, 8, 11956 -11966.
AMA StyleMarta Rumayor, Antonio Dominguez-Ramos, Angel Irabien. Toward the Decarbonization of Hard-To-Abate Sectors: A Case Study of the Soda Ash Production. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. 2020; 8 (32):11956-11966.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Rumayor; Antonio Dominguez-Ramos; Angel Irabien. 2020. "Toward the Decarbonization of Hard-To-Abate Sectors: A Case Study of the Soda Ash Production." ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 8, no. 32: 11956-11966.
Improving the food supply chain efficiency has been identified as an essential means to enhance food security, while reducing pressure on natural resources. Adequate food loss and waste (FLW) management has been proposed as an approach to meet these objectives. The main hypothesis of this study is to consider that the “strong fluctuations and short-term changes” on eating habits may have major consequences on potential FLW generation and management, as well as on GHG emissions, all taking into account the nutritional and the economic cost. Due to the exceptional lockdown measures imposed by the Spanish government, as a consequence of the emerging coronavirus disease, COVID-19, food production and consumption systems have undergone significant changes, which must be properly studied in order to propose strategies from the lessons learned. Taking Spain as a case study, the methodological approach included a deep analysis of the inputs and outputs of the Spanish food basket, the supply chain by means of a Material Flow Analysis, as well as an economic and comprehensive nutritional assessment, all under a life cycle thinking approach. The results reveal that during the first weeks of the COVID-19 lockdown, there was no significant adjustment in overall FLW generation, but a partial reallocation from extra-domestic consumption to households occurred (12% increase in household FLW). Moreover, the economic impact (+11%), GHG emissions (+10%), and the nutritional content (−8%) complete the multivariable impact profile that the COVID-19 outbreak had on FLW generation and management. Accordingly, this study once again highlights that measures aimed at reducing FLW, particularly in the household sector, are critical to make better use of food surpluses and FLW prevention and control, allowing us to confront future unforeseen scenarios.
R. Aldaco; D. Hoehn; J. Laso; M. Margallo; J. Ruiz-Salmón; J. Cristobal; Ramzy Kahhat; P. Villanueva-Rey; A. Bala; L. Batlle-Bayer; P. Fullana-I-Palmer; A Irabien; I. Vazquez-Rowe. Food waste management during the COVID-19 outbreak: a holistic climate, economic and nutritional approach. Science of The Total Environment 2020, 742, 140524 -140524.
AMA StyleR. Aldaco, D. Hoehn, J. Laso, M. Margallo, J. Ruiz-Salmón, J. Cristobal, Ramzy Kahhat, P. Villanueva-Rey, A. Bala, L. Batlle-Bayer, P. Fullana-I-Palmer, A Irabien, I. Vazquez-Rowe. Food waste management during the COVID-19 outbreak: a holistic climate, economic and nutritional approach. Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 742 ():140524-140524.
Chicago/Turabian StyleR. Aldaco; D. Hoehn; J. Laso; M. Margallo; J. Ruiz-Salmón; J. Cristobal; Ramzy Kahhat; P. Villanueva-Rey; A. Bala; L. Batlle-Bayer; P. Fullana-I-Palmer; A Irabien; I. Vazquez-Rowe. 2020. "Food waste management during the COVID-19 outbreak: a holistic climate, economic and nutritional approach." Science of The Total Environment 742, no. : 140524-140524.
This study demonstrates the coupling of Ionic liquids (ILs) with a membrane contactor for post-combustion CO2 capture at moderate pressures and temperatures. ILs 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium methyl sulfate([emim][MeSO4]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide([emim][DCA]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethyl sulfate([emim][EtSO4]) and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([emim][Ac]) were selected due to their high thermal stability, moderate viscosity and surface tension, as well as high CO2 solubility. No wetting conditions were confirmed for the polypropylene membrane by measuring contact angle, liquid entry pressure (LEP) and SEM of fiber surface before and after the operation. ILs were recirculated in the setup until reaching pseudo-steady-state. All four ILs were able to capture a substantial amount of CO2 during the specified operation time. Initially, very high values of CO2 mass transfer flux and experimental overall mass transfer coefficient were obtained which further decreased with operation time and reached a nearly constant value at pseudo-steady-state. Effect of CO2 loading of the ILs and temperature on enhancement factor and first order rate constant were evaluated. The absorption behavior and kinetics were strongly influenced by the CO2 concentration in the ILs, which divides the absorption process in two steps; an initial faster absorption at the gas-liquid interface and later slower absorption in the bulk of the IL. Finally, a pseudo-steady-state modelling approach was implemented and validated.
Qazi Sohaib; Jose Manuel Vadillo; Lucía Gómez-Coma; Jonathan Albo; Stéphanie Druon-Bocquet; Angel Irabien; José Sanchez-Marcano. Post-combustion CO2 capture by coupling [emim] cation based ionic liquids with a membrane contactor; Pseudo-steady-state approach. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 2020, 99, 103076 .
AMA StyleQazi Sohaib, Jose Manuel Vadillo, Lucía Gómez-Coma, Jonathan Albo, Stéphanie Druon-Bocquet, Angel Irabien, José Sanchez-Marcano. Post-combustion CO2 capture by coupling [emim] cation based ionic liquids with a membrane contactor; Pseudo-steady-state approach. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control. 2020; 99 ():103076.
Chicago/Turabian StyleQazi Sohaib; Jose Manuel Vadillo; Lucía Gómez-Coma; Jonathan Albo; Stéphanie Druon-Bocquet; Angel Irabien; José Sanchez-Marcano. 2020. "Post-combustion CO2 capture by coupling [emim] cation based ionic liquids with a membrane contactor; Pseudo-steady-state approach." International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 99, no. : 103076.
The use of bismuth‐based catalysts is promising for formate production by the electroreduction of CO2 captured from waste streams. However, compared to the extensive research on catalysts, only a few studies have focused on electrochemical reactor performance. Hence, this work studied a continuous‐mode gas–liquid–solid reaction system for investigating CO2 electroreduction to formate using Bi‐catalyst‐coated membrane electrodes as cathodes. The experimental setup was designed to analyze products obtained in both liquid and gas phases. The influence of relevant variables (e.g., temperature and input water flow) was analyzed, with the thickness of the liquid film formed over the cathode surface being a key parameter affecting system performance. Promising results, including a high formate concentration of 34 g·L−1 with Faradaic efficiency for formate of 72%, were achieved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Guillermo Díaz‐Sainz; Manuel Alvarez‐Guerra; José Solla-Gullón; Leticia García‐Cruz; Vicente Montiel; Angel Irabien. Gas–liquid–solid reaction system for CO 2 electroreduction to formate without using supporting electrolyte. AIChE Journal 2020, 66, 1 .
AMA StyleGuillermo Díaz‐Sainz, Manuel Alvarez‐Guerra, José Solla-Gullón, Leticia García‐Cruz, Vicente Montiel, Angel Irabien. Gas–liquid–solid reaction system for CO 2 electroreduction to formate without using supporting electrolyte. AIChE Journal. 2020; 66 (9):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGuillermo Díaz‐Sainz; Manuel Alvarez‐Guerra; José Solla-Gullón; Leticia García‐Cruz; Vicente Montiel; Angel Irabien. 2020. "Gas–liquid–solid reaction system for CO 2 electroreduction to formate without using supporting electrolyte." AIChE Journal 66, no. 9: 1.
Selene Cobo; Fengqi You; Antonio Dominguez-Ramos; Angel Irabien. Correction to “Noncooperative Game Theory To Ensure the Marketability of Organic Fertilizers within a Sustainable Circular Economy”. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 2020, 8, 8880 -8880.
AMA StyleSelene Cobo, Fengqi You, Antonio Dominguez-Ramos, Angel Irabien. Correction to “Noncooperative Game Theory To Ensure the Marketability of Organic Fertilizers within a Sustainable Circular Economy”. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. 2020; 8 (23):8880-8880.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSelene Cobo; Fengqi You; Antonio Dominguez-Ramos; Angel Irabien. 2020. "Correction to “Noncooperative Game Theory To Ensure the Marketability of Organic Fertilizers within a Sustainable Circular Economy”." ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 8, no. 23: 8880-8880.