Antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is one of the most critical pathogens in wound infections, causing high mortality and morbidity in severe cases. However, bacteriophage therapy is a potential alternative to antibiotics against P. aeruginosa. Therefore, this study aimed to isolate a novel phage targeting P. aeruginosa and examine its efficacy in vitro and in vivo. The morphometric and genomic analyses revealed that ZCPA1 belongs to the Siphoviridae family and could infect 58% of the tested antibiotic-resistant P. aeruginosa clinical isolates. The phage ZCPA1 exhibited thermal stability at 37 °C, and then, it decreased gradually at 50 °C and 60 °C. At the same time, it dropped significantly at 70 °C, and the phage was undetectable at 80 °C. Moreover, the phage ZCPA1 exhibited no significant titer reduction at a wide range of pH values (4–10) with maximum activity at pH 7. In addition, it was stable for 45 min under UV light with one log reduction after 1 h. Also, it displayed significant lytic activity and biofilm elimination against P. aeruginosa by inhibiting bacterial growth in vitro in a dose-dependent pattern with a complete reduction of the bacterial growth at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 100. In addition, P. aeruginosa-infected wounds treated with phages displayed 100% wound closure with a high quality of regenerated skin compared to the untreated and gentamicin-treated groups due to the complete elimination of bacterial infection. The phage ZCPA1 exhibited high lytic activity against MDR P. aeruginosa planktonic and biofilms. In addition, phage ZCPA1 showed complete wound healing in the rat model. Hence, this research demonstrates the potential of phage therapy as a promising alternative in treating MDR P. aeruginosa.

The paper investigates the efficiency of phage-nano combinational therapy in treating planktonic and biofilm bacteria. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized by olive oil as a coating emulation and characterized. Then, the antibacterial activity, biofilm inhibition, and the compatibility of phage ZCEC5 with AgNPs were evaluated. The results revealed that AgNPs were effective against a wide range of bacteria including Enterobacter spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella Enteritidis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus sciuri, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 0.6 to 3.15% and a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) ranged from 3.15 to 12.5%. As a model bacteria, E. coli O157:H7 was tested against the formulated AgNPs alone, and in combination with bacteriophage ZCEC5. While the MIC and MBC for E. coli treated with the AgNPs only were 1.1% and 3.15%, respectively, when combined with phage ZCEC5 (∼10⁸ PFU/mL), the MIC and MBC were reduced to be 0.13% and 0.25%, respectively. Therefore, this paperwork introduces an antibacterial AgNPs against a wide spectrum of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, along with a novel combinational therapy of AgNPs and bacteriophage.

Egyptian society suffers from increasing in the number of divorce cases which leads to different problems. One of them is the children’s street that is a result of paternity issues. Paternity cases are caused due to huge problems between married couples because women may be entering a sexual partner in her life so the child will be not the son of her husband. This study discusses the techniques that are used in paternity cases in order to detect the biological father and prove which technique is more accurate compared to other techniques. Blood groups were the first approach that was used to detect whether the case is inclusion or exclusion. The most common and accurate technique is a short tandem repeat. This technique depends on 16 short tandem repeat loci founded on the chromosomes. It also depends on the length of each locus. This study discusses 6 samples concerned with 2 paternity cases while in one case concerned father, mother and two children.

The aim of the present work is to produce local H2O2 inactivated vaccine and monitor its quality to the currently available in the Egyptian market. Data revealed that H2O2 could inactivate rabies virus within 3 hrs. Produced vaccine potency was evaluated using mice inoculation assay indicating that the ED50 of test vaccine was >2.5 IU according to the WHO regulation. Immune response was monitored on both cellular and humoral level revealing that anti rabies IgG was increasing relative to time and the same to IFN-γ and IL-5 IFN of local vaccine was significantly elevated than that in case of H2O2 prepared one.