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Wahiba Yaici; Evgueniy Entchev; Pouyan Talebizadeh Sardari. Performance Investigation of Solar Organic Rankine Cycle Systems With and Without Regeneration and With Zeotropic Working Fluid Mixtures for Use in Micro-Cogeneration. 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleWahiba Yaici, Evgueniy Entchev, Pouyan Talebizadeh Sardari. Performance Investigation of Solar Organic Rankine Cycle Systems With and Without Regeneration and With Zeotropic Working Fluid Mixtures for Use in Micro-Cogeneration. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWahiba Yaici; Evgueniy Entchev; Pouyan Talebizadeh Sardari. 2021. "Performance Investigation of Solar Organic Rankine Cycle Systems With and Without Regeneration and With Zeotropic Working Fluid Mixtures for Use in Micro-Cogeneration." , no. : 1.
Wahiba Yaici; Hajo Ribberink. Feasibility Study of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Compressed Renewable/natural Gas Vehicles in Canada. 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleWahiba Yaici, Hajo Ribberink. Feasibility Study of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Compressed Renewable/natural Gas Vehicles in Canada. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWahiba Yaici; Hajo Ribberink. 2021. "Feasibility Study of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Compressed Renewable/natural Gas Vehicles in Canada." , no. : 1.
The hydrothermal performance of multiple semi-twisted tape inserts inside a heat exchanger pipe is numerically examined in three-dimensions. This study aims to find the optimum case for having the highest heat transfer enhancement with the lowest friction factor using nanofluid (Al2O3/water). A performance evaluation criterion (PEC) is defined to characterize the performance based on both friction factor and heat transfer. It was found that increasing the number of semi-twisted tapes increases the number of swirl flow streams and leads to an enhancement in the local Nusselt number as well as the friction factor. The average Nusselt number increases from 15.13 to 28.42 and the average friction factor enhances from 0.022 to 0.052 by increasing the number of the semi-twisted tapes from 0 to 4 for the Reynolds number of 1000 for the base fluid. By using four semi-twisted tapes, the average Nusselt number increases from 12.5 to 28.5, while the friction factor reduces from 0.155 to 0.052 when the Reynolds number increases from 250 to 1000 for the base fluid. For the Reynolds number of 1000, the increase in nanofluid concentration from 0 to 3% improves the average Nusselt number and friction factor by 6.41% and 2.29%, respectively. The highest PEC is equal to 1.66 and belongs to the Reynolds number of 750 using four semi-twisted tape inserts with 3% nanoparticles. This work offers instructions to model an advanced design of twisted tape integrated with tubes using multiple semi-twisted tapes, which helps to provide a higher amount of energy demand for solar applications.
Yongfeng Ju; Tiezhu Zhu; Ramin Mashayekhi; Hayder Mohammed; Afrasyab Khan; Pouyan Talebizadehsardari; Wahiba Yaïci. Evaluation of Multiple Semi-Twisted Tape Inserts in a Heat Exchanger Pipe Using Al2O3 Nanofluid. Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 1570 .
AMA StyleYongfeng Ju, Tiezhu Zhu, Ramin Mashayekhi, Hayder Mohammed, Afrasyab Khan, Pouyan Talebizadehsardari, Wahiba Yaïci. Evaluation of Multiple Semi-Twisted Tape Inserts in a Heat Exchanger Pipe Using Al2O3 Nanofluid. Nanomaterials. 2021; 11 (6):1570.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYongfeng Ju; Tiezhu Zhu; Ramin Mashayekhi; Hayder Mohammed; Afrasyab Khan; Pouyan Talebizadehsardari; Wahiba Yaïci. 2021. "Evaluation of Multiple Semi-Twisted Tape Inserts in a Heat Exchanger Pipe Using Al2O3 Nanofluid." Nanomaterials 11, no. 6: 1570.
The trends of main interest on a global scale are those that can influence the development of humanity in the long term and are sometimes referred to as megatrends. The changes they bring with them can span several generations, profoundly changing society and, consequently, the competitive landscape of companies. The megatrends are numerous and each one involves the development of entire areas of activity. It is important to identify the megatrends of interest for strategic mobility planning and follow their developments, in order to consider them in the planning processes and correctly pilot investments. Megatrends are made possible and also influenced by the offer of new technologies, and lead to changes in cultural models. This chapter shows an era characterized by major technological innovations that are changing people’s ways of thinking and acting, with the establishment of new mobility models in order to meet new emerging needs.
Michela Longo; Wahiba Yaïci; Federica Foiadelli. Future Mobility Advances and Trends. Self-driving Vehicles and Enabling Technologies [Working Title] 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleMichela Longo, Wahiba Yaïci, Federica Foiadelli. Future Mobility Advances and Trends. Self-driving Vehicles and Enabling Technologies [Working Title]. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMichela Longo; Wahiba Yaïci; Federica Foiadelli. 2021. "Future Mobility Advances and Trends." Self-driving Vehicles and Enabling Technologies [Working Title] , no. : 1.
This article describes a simulation of energy distribution in an average household where electricity is produced with a small wind generator or purchased from the public electricity grid. Numerical experiments conducted within an average of five minutes were performed using annual production and consumption graphs. Virtual storage devices, a water tank and a battery were used to buffer energy inside the household. The energy required for non-shiftable consumption and hot water consumption were taken directly from the utility grid. Surplus energy remaining from wind generator production after providing for consumption and storage needs were redirected there. A cover factor was used as a measure of the efficiency of energy distribution. One of the aims of the article was to determine by simulations the change of the cover factor in a virtually designed situation where the expected energy output of the wind generator was known in advance over one to three hours. The results found that for the configuration of the proposed nanogrid option, the positive results were readily achieved when the expected wind generator production was known an hour ahead. Then, the cover factor increased from 0.593 to 0.645. The side result of using projected/expected production is an increase in asymmetrical energy exchanges bilaterally between nanogrid and utility grid in favour of grid sales. Another finding was that the cover factor depended on the wind generator’s production intensity but less on the intensity of consumption within the household.It is hoped/expected that future research will address the prediction of output using mathematical methods.
Andres Annuk; Wahiba Yaïci; Andrei Blinov; Maido Märss; Sergei Trashchenkov; Peep Miidla. Modelling of Consumption Shares for Small Wind Energy Prosumers. Symmetry 2021, 13, 647 .
AMA StyleAndres Annuk, Wahiba Yaïci, Andrei Blinov, Maido Märss, Sergei Trashchenkov, Peep Miidla. Modelling of Consumption Shares for Small Wind Energy Prosumers. Symmetry. 2021; 13 (4):647.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndres Annuk; Wahiba Yaïci; Andrei Blinov; Maido Märss; Sergei Trashchenkov; Peep Miidla. 2021. "Modelling of Consumption Shares for Small Wind Energy Prosumers." Symmetry 13, no. 4: 647.
This paper summarises a literature review on the applications of Internet of Things (IoT) with the aim of enhancing building energy use and reducing greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs). A detailed assessment of contemporary practical reviews and works was conducted to understand how different IoT systems and technologies are being developed to increase energy efficiencies in both residential and commercial buildings. Most of the reviewed works were invariably related to the dilemma of efficient heating systems in buildings. Several features of the central components of IoT, namely, the hardware and software needed for building controls, are analysed. Common design factors across the many IoT systems comprise the selection of sensors and actuators and their powering techniques, control strategies for collecting information and activating appliances, monitoring of actual data to forecast prospect energy consumption and communication methods amongst IoT components. Some building energy applications using IoT are provided. It was found that each application presented has the potential for significant energy reduction and user comfort improvement. This is confirmed in two case studies summarised, which report the energy savings resulting from implementing IoT systems. Results revealed that a few elements are user-specific that need to be considered in the decision processes. Last, based on the studies reviewed, a few aspects of prospective research were recommended.
Wahiba Yaïci; Karthik Krishnamurthy; Evgueniy Entchev; Michela Longo. Recent Advances in Internet of Things (IoT) Infrastructures for Building Energy Systems: A Review. Sensors 2021, 21, 2152 .
AMA StyleWahiba Yaïci, Karthik Krishnamurthy, Evgueniy Entchev, Michela Longo. Recent Advances in Internet of Things (IoT) Infrastructures for Building Energy Systems: A Review. Sensors. 2021; 21 (6):2152.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWahiba Yaïci; Karthik Krishnamurthy; Evgueniy Entchev; Michela Longo. 2021. "Recent Advances in Internet of Things (IoT) Infrastructures for Building Energy Systems: A Review." Sensors 21, no. 6: 2152.
A twisted-fin array as an innovative structure for intensifying the charging response of a phase-change material (PCM) within a shell-and-tube storage system is introduced in this work. A three-dimensional model describing the thermal management with charging phase change process in PCM was developed and numerically analyzed by the enthalpy-porosity method using commercial CFD software. Efficacy of the proposed structure of fins for performing better heat communication between the active heating surface and the adjacent layers of PCM was verified via comparing with conventional longitudinal fins within the same design limitations of fin material and volume usage. Optimization of the fin geometric parameters including the pitch, number, thickness, and the height of the twisted fins for superior performance of the proposed fin structure, was also introduced via the Taguchi method. The results show that a faster charging rate, higher storage rate, and better uniformity in temperature distribution could be achieved in the PCMs with Twisted fins. Based on the design of twisted fins, it was found that the energy charging time could be reduced by up to 42%, and the energy storage rate could be enhanced up to 63% compared to the reference case of straight longitudinal fins within the same PCM mass limitations.
Mohammad Ghalambaz; Hayder Mohammed; Jasim Mahdi; Amir Eisapour; Obai Younis; Aritra Ghosh; Pouyan Talebizadehsardari; Wahiba Yaïci. Intensifying the Charging Response of a Phase-Change Material with Twisted Fin Arrays in a Shell-And-Tube Storage System. Energies 2021, 14, 1619 .
AMA StyleMohammad Ghalambaz, Hayder Mohammed, Jasim Mahdi, Amir Eisapour, Obai Younis, Aritra Ghosh, Pouyan Talebizadehsardari, Wahiba Yaïci. Intensifying the Charging Response of a Phase-Change Material with Twisted Fin Arrays in a Shell-And-Tube Storage System. Energies. 2021; 14 (6):1619.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Ghalambaz; Hayder Mohammed; Jasim Mahdi; Amir Eisapour; Obai Younis; Aritra Ghosh; Pouyan Talebizadehsardari; Wahiba Yaïci. 2021. "Intensifying the Charging Response of a Phase-Change Material with Twisted Fin Arrays in a Shell-And-Tube Storage System." Energies 14, no. 6: 1619.
A latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) unit can store a notable amount of heat in a compact volume. However, the charging time could be tediously long due to weak heat transfer. Thus, an improvement of heat transfer and a reduction in charging time is an essential task. The present research aims to improve the thermal charging of a conical shell-tube LHTES unit by optimizing the shell-shape and fin-inclination angle in the presence of nanoadditives. The governing equations for the natural convection heat transfer and phase change heat transfer are written as partial differential equations. The finite element method is applied to solve the equations numerically. The Taguchi optimization approach is then invoked to optimize the fin-inclination angle, shell aspect ratio, and the type and volume fraction of nanoparticles. The results showed that the shell-aspect ratio and fin inclination angle are the most important design parameters influencing the charging time. The charging time could be changed by 40% by variation of design parameters. Interestingly a conical shell with a small radius at the bottom and a large radius at the top (small aspect ratio) is the best shell design. However, a too-small aspect ratio could entrap the liquid-PCM between fins and increase the charging time. An optimum volume fraction of 4% is found for nanoparticle concentration.
Mohammad Ghalambaz; Hassan Shirivand; Kasra Ayoubloo; S.A.M. Mehryan; Obai Younis; Pouyan Talebizadehsardari; Wahiba Yaïci. The Thermal Charging Performance of Finned Conical Thermal Storage System Filled with Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material. Molecules 2021, 26, 1605 .
AMA StyleMohammad Ghalambaz, Hassan Shirivand, Kasra Ayoubloo, S.A.M. Mehryan, Obai Younis, Pouyan Talebizadehsardari, Wahiba Yaïci. The Thermal Charging Performance of Finned Conical Thermal Storage System Filled with Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material. Molecules. 2021; 26 (6):1605.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Ghalambaz; Hassan Shirivand; Kasra Ayoubloo; S.A.M. Mehryan; Obai Younis; Pouyan Talebizadehsardari; Wahiba Yaïci. 2021. "The Thermal Charging Performance of Finned Conical Thermal Storage System Filled with Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material." Molecules 26, no. 6: 1605.
Modern households usually have independent energy sources such as wind generators, photovoltaic (PV) panels, and similar green energy production equipment. Experts predict that soon, there will be an increasing number of such prosumers who both produce and consume energy. This process alleviates and reduces the load on large national electricity networks and also contributes to overall energy security. In this paper, a simulation model of a household, which employs a wind generator as its independent source of electricity, is developed. It is expected that this approach will be easily replicated for more complex configurations. The other components of the single prosumer microgrid that will be assessed are the non-shiftable electricity consumption equipment, which is used mainly in households and deployed separately for water heater, with a separate battery to meet the needs of these non-shiftable consumers. The 5-min data intervals for the year of simulation have been used. The characteristics of energy flow according to production and consumption schedules and the capacity of storage equipment have been modelled and simulated. Results disclose that wind turbine production size and buffer battery have a crucial impact on the demand cover factor.
Andres Annuk; Wahiba Yaïci; Matti Lehtonen; Risto Ilves; Toivo Kabanen; Peep Miidla. Simulation of Energy Exchange between Single Prosumer Residential Building and Utility Grid. Energies 2021, 14, 1553 .
AMA StyleAndres Annuk, Wahiba Yaïci, Matti Lehtonen, Risto Ilves, Toivo Kabanen, Peep Miidla. Simulation of Energy Exchange between Single Prosumer Residential Building and Utility Grid. Energies. 2021; 14 (6):1553.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndres Annuk; Wahiba Yaïci; Matti Lehtonen; Risto Ilves; Toivo Kabanen; Peep Miidla. 2021. "Simulation of Energy Exchange between Single Prosumer Residential Building and Utility Grid." Energies 14, no. 6: 1553.
A wavy shape was used to enhance the thermal heat transfer in a shell-tube latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) unit. The thermal storage unit was filled with CuO–coconut oil nano-enhanced phase change material (NePCM). The enthalpy-porosity approach was employed to model the phase change heat transfer in the presence of natural convection effects in the molten NePCM. The finite element method was applied to integrate the governing equations for fluid motion and phase change heat transfer. The impact of wave amplitude and wave number of the heated tube, as well as the volume concertation of nanoparticles on the full-charging time of the LHTES unit, was addressed. The Taguchi optimization method was used to find an optimum design of the LHTES unit. The results showed that an increase in the volume fraction of nanoparticles reduces the charging time. Moreover, the waviness of the tube resists the natural convection flow circulation in the phase change domain and could increase the charging time.
Mohammad Ghalambaz; S.A.M. Mehryan; Ahmad Hajjar; Mohammad Shdaifat; Obai Younis; Pouyan Talebizadehsardari; Wahiba Yaïci. Thermal Charging Optimization of a Wavy-Shaped Nano-Enhanced Thermal Storage Unit. Molecules 2021, 26, 1496 .
AMA StyleMohammad Ghalambaz, S.A.M. Mehryan, Ahmad Hajjar, Mohammad Shdaifat, Obai Younis, Pouyan Talebizadehsardari, Wahiba Yaïci. Thermal Charging Optimization of a Wavy-Shaped Nano-Enhanced Thermal Storage Unit. Molecules. 2021; 26 (5):1496.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Ghalambaz; S.A.M. Mehryan; Ahmad Hajjar; Mohammad Shdaifat; Obai Younis; Pouyan Talebizadehsardari; Wahiba Yaïci. 2021. "Thermal Charging Optimization of a Wavy-Shaped Nano-Enhanced Thermal Storage Unit." Molecules 26, no. 5: 1496.
The melting flow and heat transfer of copper-oxide coconut oil in thermal energy storage filled with a nonlinear copper metal foam are addressed. The porosity of the copper foam changes linearly from bottom to top. The phase change material (PCM) is filled into the metal foam pores, which form a composite PCM. The natural convection effect is also taken into account. The effect of average porosity; porosity distribution; pore size density; the inclination angle of enclosure; and nanoparticles’ concentration on the isotherms, melting maps, and the melting rate are investigated. The results show that the average porosity is the most important parameter on the melting behavior. The variation in porosity from 0.825 to 0.9 changes the melting time by about 116%. The natural convection flows are weak in the metal foam, and hence, the impact of each of the other parameters on the melting time is insignificant (less than 5%).
Mohammad Ghalambaz; Mohammad Shahabadi; S. Mehryan; Mikhail Sheremet; Obai Younis; Pouyan Talebizadehsardari; Wabiha Yaici. Latent Heat Thermal Storage of Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material Filled by Copper Foam with Linear Porosity Variation in Vertical Direction. Energies 2021, 14, 1508 .
AMA StyleMohammad Ghalambaz, Mohammad Shahabadi, S. Mehryan, Mikhail Sheremet, Obai Younis, Pouyan Talebizadehsardari, Wabiha Yaici. Latent Heat Thermal Storage of Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material Filled by Copper Foam with Linear Porosity Variation in Vertical Direction. Energies. 2021; 14 (5):1508.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Ghalambaz; Mohammad Shahabadi; S. Mehryan; Mikhail Sheremet; Obai Younis; Pouyan Talebizadehsardari; Wabiha Yaici. 2021. "Latent Heat Thermal Storage of Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material Filled by Copper Foam with Linear Porosity Variation in Vertical Direction." Energies 14, no. 5: 1508.
The melting heat transfer of nano-enhanced phase change materials was addressed in a thermal energy storage unit. A heated U-shape tube was placed in a cylindrical shell. The cross-section of the tube is a petal-shape, which can have different amplitudes and wave numbers. The shell is filled with capric acid with a fusion temperature of 32 °C. The copper (Cu)/graphene oxide (GO) type nanoparticles were added to capric acid to improve its heat transfer properties. The enthalpy-porosity approach was used to model the phase change heat transfer in the presence of natural convection heat transfer effects. A novel mesh adaptation method was used to track the phase change melting front and produce high-quality mesh at the phase change region. The impacts of the volume fraction of nanoparticles, the amplitude and number of petals, the distance between tubes, and the angle of tube placements were investigated on the thermal energy rate and melting-time in the thermal energy storage unit. An average charging power can be raised by up to 45% by using petal shape tubes compared to a plain tube. The nanoadditives could improve the heat transfer by 7% for Cu and 11% for GO nanoparticles compared to the pure phase change material.
Mohammad Ghalambaz; Seyed Mehryan; Reza Feeoj; Ahmad Hajjar; Obai Younis; Pouyan Talebizadehsardari; Wahiba Yaïci. Effect of the Quasi-Petal Heat Transfer Tube on the Melting Process of the Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Substance in a Thermal Energy Storage Unit. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2871 .
AMA StyleMohammad Ghalambaz, Seyed Mehryan, Reza Feeoj, Ahmad Hajjar, Obai Younis, Pouyan Talebizadehsardari, Wahiba Yaïci. Effect of the Quasi-Petal Heat Transfer Tube on the Melting Process of the Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Substance in a Thermal Energy Storage Unit. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (5):2871.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Ghalambaz; Seyed Mehryan; Reza Feeoj; Ahmad Hajjar; Obai Younis; Pouyan Talebizadehsardari; Wahiba Yaïci. 2021. "Effect of the Quasi-Petal Heat Transfer Tube on the Melting Process of the Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Substance in a Thermal Energy Storage Unit." Sustainability 13, no. 5: 2871.
Utilizing phase change materials in thermal energy storage systems is commonly considered as an alternative solution for the effective use of energy. This study presents numerical simulations of the charging process for a multitube latent heat thermal energy storage system. A thermal energy storage model, consisting of five tubes of heat transfer fluids, was investigated using Rubitherm phase change material (RT35) as the. The locations of the tubes were optimized by applying the Taguchi method. The thermal behavior of the unit was evaluated by considering the liquid fraction graphs, streamlines, and isotherm contours. The numerical model was first verified compared with existed experimental data from the literature. The outcomes revealed that based on the Taguchi method, the first row of the heat transfer fluid tubes should be located at the lowest possible area while the other tubes should be spread consistently in the enclosure. The charging rate changed by 76% when varying the locations of the tubes in the enclosure to the optimum point. The development of streamlines and free-convection flow circulation was found to impact the system design significantly. The Taguchi method could efficiently assign the optimum design of the system with few simulations. Accordingly, this approach gives the impression of the future design of energy storage systems.
Mohammad Ghalambaz; Hayder Mohammed; Ali Naghizadeh; Mohammad Islam; Obai Younis; Jasim Mahdi; Ilia Chatroudi; Pouyan Talebizadehsardari. Optimum Placement of Heating Tubes in a Multi-Tube Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage. Materials 2021, 14, 1232 .
AMA StyleMohammad Ghalambaz, Hayder Mohammed, Ali Naghizadeh, Mohammad Islam, Obai Younis, Jasim Mahdi, Ilia Chatroudi, Pouyan Talebizadehsardari. Optimum Placement of Heating Tubes in a Multi-Tube Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage. Materials. 2021; 14 (5):1232.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Ghalambaz; Hayder Mohammed; Ali Naghizadeh; Mohammad Islam; Obai Younis; Jasim Mahdi; Ilia Chatroudi; Pouyan Talebizadehsardari. 2021. "Optimum Placement of Heating Tubes in a Multi-Tube Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage." Materials 14, no. 5: 1232.
This study aims to assess the effect of adding twisted fins in a triple-tube heat exchanger used for latent heat storage compared with using straight fins and no fins. In the proposed heat exchanger, phase change material (PCM) is placed between the middle annulus while hot water is passed in the inner tube and outer annulus in a counter-current direction, as a superior method to melt the PCM and store the thermal energy. The behavior of the system was assessed regarding the liquid fraction and temperature distributions as well as charging time and energy storage rate. The results indicate the advantages of adding twisted fins compared with those of using straight fins. The effect of several twisted fins was also studied to discover its effectiveness on the melting rate. The results demonstrate that deployment of four twisted fins reduced the melting time by 18% compared with using the same number of straight fins, and 25% compared with the no-fins case considering a similar PCM mass. Moreover, the melting time for the case of using four straight fins was 8.3% lower than that compared with the no-fins case. By raising the fins’ number from two to four and six, the heat storage rate rose 14.2% and 25.4%, respectively. This study presents the effects of novel configurations of fins in PCM-based thermal energy storage to deliver innovative products toward commercialization, which can be manufactured with additive manufacturing.
Mohammad Ghalambaz; Jasim Mahdi; Amirhossein Shafaghat; Amir Eisapour; Obai Younis; Pouyan Talebizadeh Sardari; Wahiba Yaïci. Effect of Twisted Fin Array in a Triple-Tube Latent Heat Storage System during the Charging Mode. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2685 .
AMA StyleMohammad Ghalambaz, Jasim Mahdi, Amirhossein Shafaghat, Amir Eisapour, Obai Younis, Pouyan Talebizadeh Sardari, Wahiba Yaïci. Effect of Twisted Fin Array in a Triple-Tube Latent Heat Storage System during the Charging Mode. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (5):2685.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Ghalambaz; Jasim Mahdi; Amirhossein Shafaghat; Amir Eisapour; Obai Younis; Pouyan Talebizadeh Sardari; Wahiba Yaïci. 2021. "Effect of Twisted Fin Array in a Triple-Tube Latent Heat Storage System during the Charging Mode." Sustainability 13, no. 5: 2685.
The melting process of a multi-tube’s thermal energy storage system in the existence of free convection effects is a non-linear and important problem. The placement of heated tubes could change the convective thermal circulation. In the present study, the impact of the position of seven heat exchanger tubes was systematically investigated. The energy charging process was numerically studied utilizing liquid fraction and stored energy with exhaustive temperature outlines. The tubes of heat transfer fluid were presumed in the unit with different locations. The unit’s heat transfer behavior was assessed by studying the liquid fraction graphs, streamlines, and isotherm contours. Each of the design factors was divided into four levels. To better investigate the design space for the accounted five variables and four levels, an L16 orthogonal table was considered. Changing the location of tubes could change the melting rate by 28%. The best melting rate was 94% after four hours of charging. It was found that the tubes with close distance could overheat each other and reduce the total heat transfer. The study of isotherms and streamlines showed the general circulation of natural convection flows at the final stage of melting was the most crucial factor in the melting of top regions of the unit and reduces the charging time. Thus, particular attention to the tubes’ placement should be made so that the phase change material could be quickly melted at both ends of a unit.
Mohammad Ghalambaz; Amir Eisapour; Hayder Mohammed; Mohammad Islam; Obai Younis; Pouyan Sardari; Wahiba Yaïci. Impact of Tube Bundle Placement on the Thermal Charging of a Latent Heat Storage Unit. Energies 2021, 14, 1289 .
AMA StyleMohammad Ghalambaz, Amir Eisapour, Hayder Mohammed, Mohammad Islam, Obai Younis, Pouyan Sardari, Wahiba Yaïci. Impact of Tube Bundle Placement on the Thermal Charging of a Latent Heat Storage Unit. Energies. 2021; 14 (5):1289.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Ghalambaz; Amir Eisapour; Hayder Mohammed; Mohammad Islam; Obai Younis; Pouyan Sardari; Wahiba Yaïci. 2021. "Impact of Tube Bundle Placement on the Thermal Charging of a Latent Heat Storage Unit." Energies 14, no. 5: 1289.
The melting heat transfer of CuO—coconut oil embedded in a non-uniform copper metal foam—was addressed. Copper foam is placed in a channel-shaped Thermal Energy Storage (TES) unit heated from one side. The foam is non-uniform with a linear porosity gradient in a direction perpendicular to the heated surface. The finite element method was applied to simulate natural convection flow and phase change heat transfer in the TES unit. The results showed that the porosity gradient could significantly boost the melting rate and stored energy rate in the TES unit. The best non-uniform porosity corresponds to a case in which the maximum porosity is next to a heated surface. The variation of the unit placement’s inclination angle is only important in the final stage of charging, where there is a dominant natural convection flow. The variation of porous pore size induces minimal impact on the phase change rate, except in the case of a large pore size of 30 pore density (PPI). The presence of nanoparticles could increase or decrease the charging time. However, using a 4% volume fraction of nanoparticles could mainly reduce the charging time.
Mohammad Ghalambaz; S. Mehryan; Ahmad Hajjar; Mehdi Fteiti; Obai Younis; Pouyan Sardari; Wahiba Yaïci. Latent Heat Thermal Storage in Non-Uniform Metal Foam Filled with Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2401 .
AMA StyleMohammad Ghalambaz, S. Mehryan, Ahmad Hajjar, Mehdi Fteiti, Obai Younis, Pouyan Sardari, Wahiba Yaïci. Latent Heat Thermal Storage in Non-Uniform Metal Foam Filled with Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (4):2401.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Ghalambaz; S. Mehryan; Ahmad Hajjar; Mehdi Fteiti; Obai Younis; Pouyan Sardari; Wahiba Yaïci. 2021. "Latent Heat Thermal Storage in Non-Uniform Metal Foam Filled with Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material." Sustainability 13, no. 4: 2401.
Overall, there are numerous sustainable sources of renewable, low-temperature heat, principally solar energy, geothermal energy, and energy produced from industrial wastes. Extended utilization of these low-temperature alternatives has a certain capacity of decreasing fossil fuel use with its associated very hazardous greenhouse gas emissions. Researchers have commonly recognized the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) as a feasible and suitable system to produce electrical power from renewable sources based on its advantageous use of volatile organic fluids as working fluids (WFs). Researchers have similarly shown an affinity to the exploitation of zeotropic mixtures as ORC WFs due to their capability to enhance the thermodynamic performance of ORC systems, an achievement supported by improved fits of the temperature profiles of the WF and the heat source/sink. This paper determines both the technical feasibility and the benefits of using zeotropic mixtures as WFs by means of a simulation study of an ORC system. This study analyzes the thermodynamic performance of ORC systems using zeotropic WF mixtures to produce electricity driven by low-temperature solar heat sources for use in buildings. A thermodynamic model is created with an ORC system with and without a regenerator. Five zeotropic mixtures with diverse compositions between 0 and 1 in 0.2 increments of R245fa/propane, R245fa/hexane, R245fa/heptane, pentane/hexane, and isopentane/hexane are assessed and compared with identify the best blends of mixtures that are able to produce superior efficiency in their system cycles. Results disclosed that R245fa/propane (0.4/0.6) with regenerator produces the highest net power output of 7.9 kW and cycle efficiency of 9.4% at the operating condition with a hot source temperature of 85 °C. The study also investigates the effects of the volume flow ratio, and evaporation and condensation temperature glide on the ORC’s thermodynamic performance. Following a thorough analysis of each mixture, R245fa/propane is chosen for a parametric study to examine the effects of operating factors on the system’s efficiency and sustainability index. It was found that the highest cycle efficiency and highest second law cycle efficiency of around 10.5% and 84.0%, respectively, were attained with a mass composition of 0.6/0.4 at the hot source temperature of 95 °C and cold source temperature of 20 °C with a net power output of 9.6 kW. Moreover, results revealed that for zeotropic mixtures, there is an optimal composition range within which binary mixtures are tending to work more efficiently than the component pure fluids. In addition, a significant increase in cycle efficiency can be achieved with a regenerative ORC, with cycle efficiency in the range 3.1–9.8% versus 8.6–17.4% for ORC both without and with regeneration, respectively. In conclusion, utilizing zeotropic mixtures may well expand the restriction faced in choosing WFs for solar-powered ORC-based micro-combined heat and power (CHP) systems.
Wahiba Yaïci; Evgueniy Entchev; Pouyan Talebizadehsardari; Michela Longo. Performance Investigation of Solar Organic Rankine Cycle System With Zeotropic Working Fluid Mixtures for Use in Micro-Cogeneration. Journal of Energy Resources Technology 2021, 143, 1 -38.
AMA StyleWahiba Yaïci, Evgueniy Entchev, Pouyan Talebizadehsardari, Michela Longo. Performance Investigation of Solar Organic Rankine Cycle System With Zeotropic Working Fluid Mixtures for Use in Micro-Cogeneration. Journal of Energy Resources Technology. 2021; 143 (9):1-38.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWahiba Yaïci; Evgueniy Entchev; Pouyan Talebizadehsardari; Michela Longo. 2021. "Performance Investigation of Solar Organic Rankine Cycle System With Zeotropic Working Fluid Mixtures for Use in Micro-Cogeneration." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 143, no. 9: 1-38.
Concerns about environmental degradation and finite natural resources necessitate cleaner sources of energy for use in the transportation sector. In Canada, natural gas (NG) is currently being appraised as a potential alternative fuel for use in vehicles for both medium- and heavy-duty use due to its relatively lower costs compared with that of conventional fuels. The idea of compressed natural gas vehicles (CNGVs) is being mooted as inexpensive for fleet owners and especially because it will potentially significantly reduce harmful emissions into the environment. A short feasibility study was conducted to ascertain the potential for reduced emissions and savings opportunities presented by CNGVs and renewable NGVs (RNGVs) in both medium- and heavy-duty vehicles. The study which is discussed in the present paper was carried out on long-haul trucking and refuse trucks, respectively. Emphasis was laid on individual vehicle operating economics and emissions reduction, and the identification of practical considerations for both the individual application and CNGVs/RNGVs as a whole. A financial analysis of the annual cost savings that is achievable when an individual diesel vehicle is replaced with a CNG vehicle was also presented. This paper drew substantial references from published case studies for relevant data on maintenance costs, fuel economy, range, and annual distance traveled. It relied on a summary report from Argonne National Laboratory’s GREET (Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy Use in Transportation) (Argonne National Laboratory, 2018, Argonne GREET Model, US Department of Energy. https://greet.es.anl.gov/. Accessed October 5, 2020) for its discussion on relative fuel efficiency penalties for heavy-duty CNGVs. The fuel cost figures were mostly drawn from motor fuel data of the Ontario Ministry of Transportation since the Ministry is one of the few available sources of compressed natural gas fuel prices. Finally, the GHGenius life-cycle analysis tool ((S&T) Squared Consultants Inc., 2019, GHGenius, (S&T) Squared Consultants Inc. https://www.ghgenius.ca. Accessed October 5, 2020) was employed to determine fuel-cycle emissions in Canada for comparison purposes. The study produced remarkable findings. Results showed that compared with diesel-fuelled vehicles, emissions in CNG heavy-and-medium-duty vehicles reduced by up to 8.7% (for well-to-wheels) and 11.5% (for pump-to-wheels), respectively. Overall, the most beneficial application appeared to be long-haul trucking based on the long distances covered and higher fuel economy achieved (derived from economies of scale), while refuse trucks appeared to have relatively marginal annual savings. However, these annual savings are actually a conservative estimate, which will ultimately be determined by a number of factors that are likely to be predisposed in favor of NG vehicles. Significantly, the prospect of using RNG as fuel was found to be a factor for improving the value proposition of refuse trucks in particular, certainly from an emissions standpoint with a reduction of up to 100%, but speculatively from operational savings as well.
Wahiba Yaïci; Hajo Ribberink. Feasibility Study of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Compressed Renewable/Natural Gas Vehicles in Canada. Journal of Energy Resources Technology 2021, 143, 1 .
AMA StyleWahiba Yaïci, Hajo Ribberink. Feasibility Study of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Compressed Renewable/Natural Gas Vehicles in Canada. Journal of Energy Resources Technology. 2021; 143 (9):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWahiba Yaïci; Hajo Ribberink. 2021. "Feasibility Study of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Compressed Renewable/Natural Gas Vehicles in Canada." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 143, no. 9: 1.
Globally there are several viable sources of renewable, low-temperature heat (below 130 °C), particularly solar energy, geothermal energy, and energy generated from industrial wastes. Increased exploitation of these low-temperature options has the definite potential of reducing fossil fuel consumption with its attendant very harmful greenhouse gas emissions. Researchers have universally identified the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) as a practicable and suitable system to generate electrical power from renewable sources based on its beneficial usage of volatile organic fluids as working fluids (WFs). In recent times, researchers have also shown a preference towards deployment of zeotropic mixtures as ORC WFs because of their capacity to improve thermodynamic performance of ORC systems, a feat enabled through the greater matching of the temperature profiles of the WF and the heat source/sink. This paper demonstrates the thermodynamic, economic and sustainability feasibility, and the notable advantages of using zeotropic mixtures as WFs through a simulation study of an ORC system. The study examines first the thermodynamic performance of ORC systems using zeotropic mixtures to generate electricity powered by a low-temperature solar heat source for building applications. A thermodynamic model is developed with a solar-driven ORC system both with and excluding a regenerator. Twelve zeotropic mixtures with varying compositions are evaluated and compared to identify the best combinations of mixtures that can yield high performance and high efficiency in their system cycles. The study also examines the effects of the volume flow ratio, and evaporation and condensation temperature glides on the ORC’s thermodynamic performance. Following a detailed analysis of each mixture, R245fa/propane and butane/propane are selected for parametric study to investigate the influence of operating parameters on the system’s efficiency and sustainability index. For zeotropic mixtures, results disclosed that there is an optimal composition range within which binary mixtures are inclined to perform more efficiently than the component pure fluids. In addition, a substantial enhancement in cycle efficiency can be obtained by a regenerative ORC, with cycle efficiency ranging between 3.1–9.8% and 8.6–17.4% for ORC both without and with regeneration, respectively. Results also revealed that exploiting zeotropic mixtures could enlarge the limitation experienced in selecting WFs for low-temperature solar ORCs. Moreover, a detailed economic with a sensitivity analysis of the solar ORC system was performed to evaluate the cost of the electricity and other economic criteria. The outcome of this investigation should be useful in the thermo-economic feasibility assessments of solar-driven ORC systems using working fluid mixtures to find the optimum operating range for maximum performance and minimum cost.
Wahiba Yaïci; Evgueniy Entchev; Pouyan Talebizadehsardari; Michela Longo. Thermodynamic, Economic and Sustainability Analysis of Solar Organic Rankine Cycle System with Zeotropic Working Fluid Mixtures for Micro-Cogeneration in Buildings. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 7925 .
AMA StyleWahiba Yaïci, Evgueniy Entchev, Pouyan Talebizadehsardari, Michela Longo. Thermodynamic, Economic and Sustainability Analysis of Solar Organic Rankine Cycle System with Zeotropic Working Fluid Mixtures for Micro-Cogeneration in Buildings. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (21):7925.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWahiba Yaïci; Evgueniy Entchev; Pouyan Talebizadehsardari; Michela Longo. 2020. "Thermodynamic, Economic and Sustainability Analysis of Solar Organic Rankine Cycle System with Zeotropic Working Fluid Mixtures for Micro-Cogeneration in Buildings." Applied Sciences 10, no. 21: 7925.
To develop efficient and lower emission heating and cooling systems, this book chapter focuses on interests for the innovative combination of a heat pump (HP) and organic Rankine cycle (ORC) for building applications. In this state-of-the-art survey, the potentials and advantages of combined HP-ORC systems have been investigated and discussed. Past works have examined various combinations, comprising indirectly-combined as series and parallel, directly-combined units, as well as reversible combination configurations. Following describing such arrangements, their performance is discussed. Considerations for optimising the overall architecture of these combined energy systems are pinpointed using these same sources, taking into account heat source and sink selection, expander/compressor units, selection of working fluids, control strategies, operating temperatures, thermal energy storage and managing more variable seasonal temperatures. Furthermore, experimental works present further functional problems and matters needing additional research, and assist to emphasise experimental techniques that can be utilised in this field of research. Finally, from the studies surveyed, some areas for future research were recommended.
Wahiba Yaïci; Evgueniy Entchev; Pouyan Talebizadeh Sardari; Michela Longo. Recent Developments of Combined Heat Pump and Organic Rankine Cycle Energy Systems for Buildings. Product Design 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleWahiba Yaïci, Evgueniy Entchev, Pouyan Talebizadeh Sardari, Michela Longo. Recent Developments of Combined Heat Pump and Organic Rankine Cycle Energy Systems for Buildings. Product Design. 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWahiba Yaïci; Evgueniy Entchev; Pouyan Talebizadeh Sardari; Michela Longo. 2020. "Recent Developments of Combined Heat Pump and Organic Rankine Cycle Energy Systems for Buildings." Product Design , no. : 1.