With such overwhelming support, why was the Northern Gateway Pipeline (NGP) project ultimately rejected? Through the lens of social license to operate (SLO), this chapter explains why the NGP was not approved despite overwhelming support from government and industry as well as the economic viability of the project. This chapter shows that an SLO was not attained because of the disproportionate risks to benefits that would have been borne by local and Indigenous communities along the pipeline route, as well as the realized and potential impacts to the natural environment. This chapter concludes with key takeaways for organizations seeking an SLO as well as avenues for future research.