Mimosa pudica L., a pantropical medicinal herb rich in polyphenols, but also containing the non-protein amino acid mimosine with known cytotoxic properties, is a case for xenobiotic pharmacology, yet its safety profile remains inadequately characterized. In this study, we quantified the major metabolite classes of an aqueous decoction of M. pudica aerial parts, evaluated its in vitro hemocompatibility in human erythrocytes, and assessed its antioxidant activity using five cell-free assays. We also employed computational tools (ADMETlab 3.0, ProTox 3.0, SwissTargetPrediction, and InflamNat) to predict ADMET properties, toxicity alerts, and potential protein targets. The decoction showed high phenolic (316.41 ± 19.58 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid (122.99 ± 12.78 mg QE/g) contents, with mimosine levels of 2.11 ± 0.13 mg/g. Antioxidant activity was concentration-dependent, with the lowest IC₅₀ in the DPPH• assay (0.23 ± 0.02 mg/mL). Hemolysis remained below 9% at all tested concentrations (0.2–1.0 mg/mL), with an HC₅₀ > 1.0 mg/mL, consistent with biocompatibility criteria for plant extracts. In silico predictions indicated that most of flavonoids and phenolic acids complied with Lipinski's rule and showed a favorable oral bioavailability, but also, significant CYP450 inhibition and alerts for genotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Predicted molecular targets included redox-modulatory proteins such as AKR1B1, XDH, NOX4, and GSK3B. Collectively, our results demonstrate that M. pudica is a complex mixture of xenobiotics with antioxidant effects, and suggest benefits and risks associated to their individual constituents. Further in vitro and in vivo studies are needed to validate these predictions and to determine whether M. pudica can be developed into safe and effective nutraceutical or pharmaceutical preparations.

Anticonvulsants are crucial for treating neurological diseases, necessitating close pharmacovigilance due to their potential risks. For this reason, a prospective descriptive study was conducted to characterize drug-related adverse reactions associated with the use of carbamazepine in the health area of the "Ramon Lopez Peña" Polyclinic, covering the period from July to December 2022. The sample consisted of 35 patients, characterized based on demographic, clinical, and pharmacotherapeutic variables. The detected drug-related adverse events were classified according to causality, severity, and frequency of occurrence. The results showed that the age group of 40-75 years (45.7%) predominated, along with female gender, mixed ethnicity, pre-university education level, and 54.2% did not have any unhealthy habits. The most common diagnosis was epilepsy (68.4%) and among the associated diseases, hypertension was prevalent. The most consumed medications were captopril, hydrochlorothiazide, paracetamol, and metamizole (dipirona). Drug interactions were detected, and 73 adverse reactions occurred, with the nervous system being the most affected at 56.0%. Possible adverse reactions (42.5%), frequent (49.4%), and mild (58.9%) predominated. This study underscores the importance of continuous and effective monitoring in pharmacovigilance to enhance patient safety under carbamazepine treatment, thereby promoting a more rational use of this medication.

Las dermatitis pediátricas constituyen un importante problema de salud en Cuba. Estas afecciones predominan durante los meses de verano y se caracterizan por alteraciones estructurales, metabólicas y funcionales de los queratinocitos. En este contexto, Plectranthus neochilus Schltr. utilizada tradicionalmente en África para el tratamiento de enfermedades cutáneas debido a sus propiedades cicatrizantes y antimicrobianas, representa una alternativa terapéutica prometedora. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la citocompatibilidad y el efecto inmunomodulador de extractos foliares acuosos y etanólicos de P. neochilus sobre la vía de señalización de NF-κβ en células HaCaT. La actividad metabólica celular se determinó mediante el ensayo colorimétrico MTT y la actividad de NF-κβ mediante un ensayo de gen reportero de luciferasa. Ambos extractos mostraron un perfil de seguridad favorable, manteniendo una viabilidad celular superior al 78 % a la concentración máxima evaluada (512 µg/mL). Además, el ensayo de luciferasa expuso un fenómeno de coestimulación sinérgica altamente específico. En ausencia de estímulo, los extractos mantuvieron una actividad basal controlada de NF-κβ; sin embargo, en presencia de TNF-α incrementaron significativamente la señal bioluminiscente (1548,00 frente a 640,00 RLU). En conjunto, estos hallazgos sugieren que los extractos foliares de P. neochilus, probablemente debido a su elevado contenido de ácido rosmarínico, ejercen efectos citoprotectores e inmunomoduladores que podrían contribuir al fortalecimiento de la respuesta inmunitaria cutánea.