Ludwigia decurrens Walter is a dicotyledonous plant belonging to the family Onagraceae. It is native to Central Eastern USA but has been spreading quickly and has naturalized in aquatic and riparian ecosystems (including rice paddy fields) in many countries; therefore, it is now considered an invasive noxious weed. L. decurrens is highly competitive with rice and causes a significant reduction in rice production. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of the herbicide penoxsulam for the control of L. decurrens in rice fields. The seeds of L. decurrens were collected from four villages in Indonesia, and penoxsulam was applied to L. decurrens in seven dosages (0, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 g a.i. ha⁻¹) 3 weeks after seed sowing. The plant populations from Hegarmanah, Jatisari, and Joho showed complete mortality at the recommended dosage of penoxsulam (10 g a.i. ha⁻¹). However, the plants from Demakan grew, flowered, and produced seeds 56 days after treatment with 40 g a.i. ha⁻¹ of penoxsulam. The resistance index value of the population was 36.06. This is the first report of a penoxsulam-resistant weed from a dicotyledonous plant species and also the first report of a herbicide-resistant population of L. decurrens. The appearance of herbicide-resistant L. decurrens is a serious issue from both an environmental and an economic perspective, especially since protected forest and freshwater ecosystems are located at a short distance from the study area. Further research is needed to evaluate herbicide mixtures and/or the rotation of herbicide action sites. The identification of the penoxsulam-resistance mechanism in L. decurrens is also necessary to develop a herbicide resistance management strategy.

The tapioca wastewater normally is discharged directly into the surface water without treatment processes causing pollution and harmful to the surface water. A constructed wetland to treat wastewater from tapioca starch factory has been built in tapioca factory Sumedang Regency, Indonesia, in December 2015. Every nine days, water samples from both influent and effluent were taken and analysed for COD, BOD5, O2, cyanide and total settleable solids. The objective of this study was to find out whether combination of pre-treatment and constructed wetland planted with Phragmiteskarka can meet the discharge requirements corresponding to 150 mg l–1 biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), 300 mg l–1 chemical oxygen demand (COD), 100 mg l–1 TSS and 0.3 mg l–1 cyanide according to Indonesian standard for tapioca industry.The results of this experiment from period from July 2016 to March 2017 showed that the treatment efficiency of BOD5, COD and total settleable solids were 99.07%, 98.99% and 92.54% respectively, whereas the average concentration in effluent was 17 mg l–1for BOD5, COD was 22 mg l–1and total settleable solids was 51 mg l–1. The overall results show that BOD5 and COD concentration in effluent were already far lower than the Indonesian standard for tapioca factory wastewater.

Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei sampai Agustus dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui keragaman gulma air dan hubungan keberadaan gulma air yang tumbuh pada DAS Cikeruh dan DAS Cikapundung Propinsi Jawa Barat dengan kualitas air yang tercemar limbah pertanian, limbah pemukiman, dan limbah industri. Metode penelitian metode weed survey dengan cluster sampling diletakkan pada komunitas vegetasi di daerah hulu, tengah, dan hilir sungai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gulma dominan tumbuh di sungai Cikeruh adalah : Drymaria cordata (L), daerah tengah dan hilir adalah: Eleusine indica (L), sedangkan gulma di DAS Cikapundung bagian hulu adalah Drymaria cordata (L), daerah tengah dan hilir adalah Ageratum conyzoides (L), dan Cyperus difformis (L). Nilai C sungai Cikeruh dan sungai Cikapundung menunjukkan lebih kecil dari 75% atau tidak terdapat kesamaan populasi, sedangkan nilai H’ termasuk dalam kategori rendah, dan nilai E termasuk dalam kategori sedang. Tidak terdapat korelasi antara keragaman jenis gulma dengan kualitas air di DAS Cikeruh dan DAS Cikapundung. Kata Kunci : dominasi gulma, pencemaran, keragaman gulma air

Exploring the relationship between seed weight and seed coat characteristics in the adlay (Coix lacryma-jobi L.) cultivar WATANI-2 through N, P and K treatment compositions Journals are one of the best online open access journal site in the field of publishing research articles in Agricultural, animal, dairy, food, home, legume Research Journals on a Global platform.