Quercetin (QUA), a flavonoid compound, is ubiquitously found in plants and has demonstrated a diverse range of biological activities. The primary objective of the current study is to assess the potential antiemetic properties of QUA using an in vivo and in silico approach. In this experiment, 4-day-old chicks were purchased to induce emesis by orally administering copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO₄·5H₂O) at a dose of 50 mg/kg (orally). Domperidone (DOM) (6 mg/kg), Hyoscine (HYS) (21 mg/kg), and Ondansetron (OND) (5 mg/kg) were treated as positive controls (PCs), and distilled water and a trace amount of Tween 80 mixture was employed as a negative control (NC). QUA was given orally at two distinct doses (25 and 50 mg/kg). Additionally, QUA (50 mg/kg) and PCs were administered separately or in combination to assess their antagonistic or synergistic effects on the chicks. The binding affinity of QUA and referral ligands towards the serotonin receptor (5HT3), dopamine receptors (D2 and D3), and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (M1–M5) were estimated, and ligand–receptor interactions were visualized through various computational tools. In vivo findings indicate that QUA (25 and 50 mg/kg) has a significant effect on reducing the number of retches (16.50 ± 4.65 and 10.00 ± 4.19 times) and increasing the chick latency period (59.25 ± 4.75 and 94.25 ± 4.01 s), respectively. Additionally, QUA (50 mg/kg) in combination with Domperidone and Ondansetron exhibited superior antiemetic effects, reducing the number of retches and increasing the onset of emesis-inducing time. Furthermore, it is worth noting that QUA exhibited the strongest binding affinity against the D2 receptor with a value of −9.7 kcal/mol through the formation of hydrogen and hydrophobic bonds. In summary, the study found that QUA exhibited antiemetic activity in chicks, potentially by interacting with the D2 receptor pathway.

Magnolin is a naturally occurring, multi-bioactive lignan molecule with inherent anticancer effects. This study aims to summarize the botanical origins and anticancer properties of magnolin. For this, a recent (as of March 2023) literature review was conducted using various academic search engines, including PubMed, Springer Link, Wiley Online, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. All the currently available information about this phytochemical and its role in various cancer types has been gathered and investigated. Magnolin is a compound found in many different plants. It has been demonstrated to have anticancer activity in numerous experimental models by inhibiting the cell cycle (G1 and G2/M phase); inducing apoptosis; and causing antiinvasion, antimetastasis, and antiproliferative effects via the modulation of several pathways. In conclusion, magnolin showed robust anticancer activity against many cancer cell lines by altering several cancer signaling pathways in various non- and pre-clinical experimental models, making it a promising plant-derived chemotherapeutic option for further clinical research.

Natural products are being developed as possible treatment options due to the rising prevalence of cancer and the harmful side effects of synthetic medications. Arctiin is a naturally occurring lignan found in numerous plants and exhibits different pharmacological activities, along with cancer. To elucidate the anticancer properties and underlying mechanisms of action, a comprehensive search of various electronic databases was conducted using appropriate keywords to identify relevant publications. The findings suggest that arctiin exhibits anticancer properties against tumor formation and various cancers such as cervical, myeloma, prostate, endothelial, gastric, and colon cancers in several preclinical pharmacological investigations. This naturally occurring compound exerts its anticancer effect through different cellular mechanisms, including mitochondrial dysfunction, cell cycle at different phases (G2/M), inhibition of cell proliferation, apoptotic cell death, and cytotoxic effects, as well as inhibition of migration and invasion of various malignant cells. Moreover, the study also revealed that, among the various cellular pathways, arctiin was shown to be more potent in terms of the PI3K/AKT and JAK/STAT signaling pathways. However, pharmacokinetic investigation indicated the compound's poor oral bioavailability. Because of these findings, arctiin might be considered a promising chemotherapeutic drug candidate.

Background: Cheilanthes tenuifolia (Burm.f.), commonly known as the Sword Fern or Narrow‐leaved Cloak Fern, is a little evergreen fern that belongs to the Pteridaceae family and is abundant in various bioactive compounds exerting promising medicinal properties. The current study is designed to evaluate in vivo analgesic and antidiarrheal activity of the methanol leaf extract of C. tenuifolia (MCT). Methods: For this purpose, Swiss albino mice were used to investigate the analgesic and antidiarrheal properties using acetic acid‐induced writhing and castor oil‐induced diarrhea methods, respectively. The mice were administered orally with different doses of MCT (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg). The vehicle performed as a negative control (NC), while diclofenac sodium (DCN) (25 mg/kg), loperamide (LOP) (3 mg/kg), bismuth subsalicylate (BSS) (10 mg/kg), and nifedipine (NDP) (2.5 mg/kg) were supplied as positive controls (PC) (p.o.). In both models, combination treatment of MCT (higher dose) and PC was also administered to different groups of animals for assessing potential antagonistic or synergistic activity. Results: Findings of the in vivo study demonstrated that MCT dose‐dependently significantly ( p < 0.05) exhibited analgesic and antidiarrheal properties by reduction in the number of writhing and reductions in the total fecal output in contrast to the NC group. Moreover, in combination treatment, MCT significantly ( p < 0.05) synergized the activity of PC in both models, exerting potential analgesic and antidiarrheal activity. Conclusion: In conclusion, MCT has analgesic and antidiarrheal activity; it might be beneficial for the management of pain and diarrhea.

Quercetin (QUA), a flavonoid compound, is ubiquitously found in plants and has demonstrated a diverse range of biological activities. The primary objective of the present study is to assess the potential antiemetic properties of QUA using an in vivo and in silico approach. In this experiment, emesis was induced in 4-day-old chicks by orally administering copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4.5H2O) at a dose of 50 mg/kg (orally). Domperidone (6 mg/kg), ondansetron (5 mg/kg), and hyoscine (21 mg/kg) were treated as positive controls (PCs), and distilled water was employed as a negative control (NC). QUA was administered orally at two distinct doses (25 and 50 mg/kg). Additionally, QUA (50 mg/kg) and PCs were administered separately or in combination to assess their antagonistic or synergistic effects on the chicks. The binding affinity of QUA and referral ligands towards 5HT3, D2, D3, and M1–M5 receptors was estimated, and ligand-receptor interactions were visualized through various computational tools. In vivo findings indicate that QUA (25 and 50 mg/kg) has a significant effect on reducing the number of retches (16.50 ± 4.65 and 10.00 ± 4.19 times) and increasing the chick latency period (59.25 ± 4.75 and 94.25 ± 4.01 seconds), respectively. Additionally, QUA (50 mg/kg) in combination with domperidone and ondansetron exhibited superior antiemetic effects, reducing the number of retches and increasing the onset of emesis-inducing time. Furthermore, it is worth noting that QUA demonstrated the strongest binding affinity towards the D2 receptor with a value of -9.7 kcal/mol through the formation of hydrogen and hydrophobic bonds. In summary, the study found that QUA exhibited antiemetic activity in chicks, potentially by interacting with the D2 receptor pathway.