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Dr. Sergio Useche
University of Valencia

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0 Professional Driving
0 Road Safety
0 drivers
0 Accidents at Work

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Ph.D. Associate Professor, Senior Scientist. [email protected]

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Journal article
Published: 07 August 2021 in Psychology Research and Behavior Management
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Recent evidence consistently highlights the adverse work environment of long-haul professional drivers, whose task structure typically involves the performance of extensive shifts, driving under stressful working conditions. In this regard, job stress and fatigue – that are highly prevalent in this workforce – seem to play a crucial role in explaining this group’s negative traffic safety outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess whether work-related fatigue is a mechanism that mediates the relationship between job stress, health indicators and occupational traffic crashes of long-haul truck drivers (LHTD). The data used in this study were collected from 521 Spanish long-haul truck drivers (97% males) from all 17 regions of Spain, with a mean age of 47 years. Utilizing structural equation models (SEM), it was found that work-traffic crashes of long-haul truck drivers could be explained through work-related fatigue that exerts a full mediation between job stress (job strain), health-related factors and traffic crashes suffered during the previous two years. Overall, the findings of this research support that a) stressful working conditions and health issues of drivers have significant effects on traffic crashes, and b) fatigue is a mechanism relating stress-related factors and work-traffic crashes of long-haul drivers. This study highlights the need of stress- and fatigue-management policies and interventions, in order to reduce the crash risk of long-haul truck drivers.

ACS Style

Sergio A Useche; Francisco Alonso; Boris Cendales; Javier Llamazares. More Than Just “Stressful”? Testing the Mediating Role of Fatigue on the Relationship Between Job Stress and Occupational Crashes of Long-Haul Truck Drivers. Psychology Research and Behavior Management 2021, 14, 1211 -1221.

AMA Style

Sergio A Useche, Francisco Alonso, Boris Cendales, Javier Llamazares. More Than Just “Stressful”? Testing the Mediating Role of Fatigue on the Relationship Between Job Stress and Occupational Crashes of Long-Haul Truck Drivers. Psychology Research and Behavior Management. 2021; 14 ():1211-1221.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sergio A Useche; Francisco Alonso; Boris Cendales; Javier Llamazares. 2021. "More Than Just “Stressful”? Testing the Mediating Role of Fatigue on the Relationship Between Job Stress and Occupational Crashes of Long-Haul Truck Drivers." Psychology Research and Behavior Management 14, no. : 1211-1221.

Research article
Published: 19 July 2021 in PLoS ONE
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Objective Mechanical conditions of vehicles may play a determinant role in driving safety, the reason why vehicle periodical technical inspections (VTIs) are mandatory in many countries. However, the high number of drivers sanctioned for not complying with this regulation is surprisingly high, and there is not much evidence on what kind(s) of motives may explain this concerning panorama. This study aimed to identify the aspects that modulate the relationship between complying (or not) with VTI’s standards in a nationwide sample of Spanish drivers. The study design also addressed the drivers’ awareness regarding different risky behaviors while driving, depending on their sex and their crash record. Methods 1,100 Spanish drivers completed a survey on the aforementioned issues. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Bonferroni post-hoc adjustment was conducted to assess significant differences (p<0.05) in the study variables. Results Most of the surveyed drivers (99.18%) reported that they always comply with VTI’s requirements. The main reasons to comply were related to compliance with traffic regulation and fear of penalties, while the reasons attributed to its incompliance are, instead, stated as involuntary. Conclusion The findings of this study support the idea that more actions are needed to increase drivers’ awareness of the relevance of VTIs for road safety, as well as warning them about the dangers of neglecting vehicle checking beyond merely punishing measures. For this reason and given the greater prevalence of the issue among younger segments of the driving population, it is suggested that more emphasis on the matter could be made during novice driver’s training.

ACS Style

Francisco Alonso; Sergio A. Useche; Javier Gene-Morales; Cristina Esteban. Compliance, practices, and attitudes towards VTIs (Vehicle Technical Inspections) in Spain: What prevents Spanish drivers from checking up their cars? PLoS ONE 2021, 16, e0254823 .

AMA Style

Francisco Alonso, Sergio A. Useche, Javier Gene-Morales, Cristina Esteban. Compliance, practices, and attitudes towards VTIs (Vehicle Technical Inspections) in Spain: What prevents Spanish drivers from checking up their cars? PLoS ONE. 2021; 16 (7):e0254823.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francisco Alonso; Sergio A. Useche; Javier Gene-Morales; Cristina Esteban. 2021. "Compliance, practices, and attitudes towards VTIs (Vehicle Technical Inspections) in Spain: What prevents Spanish drivers from checking up their cars?" PLoS ONE 16, no. 7: e0254823.

Journal article
Published: 04 June 2021 in Accident Analysis & Prevention
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Alcohol is a global risk factor for road trauma. Although drink driving has received most of the scholarly attention, there is growing evidence of the risks of alcohol-impaired walking. Alcohol-impaired pedestrians are over-represented in fatal crashes compared to non-impaired pedestrians. Additionally, empirical evidence shows that alcohol intoxication impairs road-crossing judgements. Besides some limited early research, much is unknown about the global prevalence and determinants of alcohol-impaired walking. Understanding alcohol-impaired walking will support health promotion initiatives and injury prevention. The present investigation has three aims: (1) compare the prevalence of alcohol-impaired walking across countries; (2) identify international groups of pedestrians based on psychosocial factors (i.e., Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) and perceptions of risk); and (3) investigate how segments of pedestrians form their intention for alcohol-impaired walking using the extended TPB (i.e. subjective norm, attitudes, perceived control, and perceived risk). A cross-sectional design was applied. The target behaviour question was “have you been a pedestrian when your thinking or physical ability (balance/strength) is affected by alcohol?” to ensure comparability across countries. Cluster analysis based on the extended TPB was used to identify groups of countries. Finally, regressions were used to predict pedestrians’ intentions per group. A total of 6,166 respondents (Age M(SD) = 29.4 (14.2); Males = 39.2%) completed the questionnaire, ranging from 12.6% from Russia to 2.2% from Finland. The proportion of participants who reported never engaging in alcohol-impaired walking in the last three months ranged from 30.1% (Spain) to 83.1% (Turkey). Four groups of countries were identified: group-1 (Czech Republic, Spain, and Australia), group-2 (Russia and Finland), group-3 (Japan), and group-4 (final ten countries including Colombia, China, and Romania). Pedestrian intentions to engage in alcohol- impaired walking are predicted by perceptions of risk and TPB-psychosocial factors in group-1 and group-4. Favourable TPB-beliefs and low perceived risk increased alcohol-impaired walking intentions. Conversely, subjective norms were not significant in group-2 and only perceived risk predicted intention in group-3. The willingness of pedestrians to walk when alcohol-impaired differs significantly across the countries in this study. Perceived risk was the only common predictor among the 16 countries.

ACS Style

Oscar Oviedo-Trespalacios; Ali Kemal Çelik; Ana Marti-Belda; Anna Włodarczyk; Daniel Demant; Duy Q. Nguyen-Phuoc; Elisabeth Rubie; Erkan Oktay; Gabriel Dorantes Argandar; J.E. Rod; Jean Carlos Natividade; Joonha Park; Jorge Tiago Bastos; Laura Martínez-Buelvas; Maria De Fátima Pereira Da Silva; Mário Velindro; Matus Sucha; Mauricio Orozco-Fontalvo; Miguel Barboza-Palomino; Quan Yuan; Rui Mendes; Rusdi Rusli; Samira Ramezani; Sergio A. Useche; Sibele Dias de Aquino; Takashi Tsubakita; Tatiana Volkodav; Tiina Rinne; Violeta Enea; Yonggang Wang; Mark King. Alcohol-impaired Walking in 16 Countries: A Theory-Based Investigation. Accident Analysis & Prevention 2021, 159, 106212 .

AMA Style

Oscar Oviedo-Trespalacios, Ali Kemal Çelik, Ana Marti-Belda, Anna Włodarczyk, Daniel Demant, Duy Q. Nguyen-Phuoc, Elisabeth Rubie, Erkan Oktay, Gabriel Dorantes Argandar, J.E. Rod, Jean Carlos Natividade, Joonha Park, Jorge Tiago Bastos, Laura Martínez-Buelvas, Maria De Fátima Pereira Da Silva, Mário Velindro, Matus Sucha, Mauricio Orozco-Fontalvo, Miguel Barboza-Palomino, Quan Yuan, Rui Mendes, Rusdi Rusli, Samira Ramezani, Sergio A. Useche, Sibele Dias de Aquino, Takashi Tsubakita, Tatiana Volkodav, Tiina Rinne, Violeta Enea, Yonggang Wang, Mark King. Alcohol-impaired Walking in 16 Countries: A Theory-Based Investigation. Accident Analysis & Prevention. 2021; 159 ():106212.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Oscar Oviedo-Trespalacios; Ali Kemal Çelik; Ana Marti-Belda; Anna Włodarczyk; Daniel Demant; Duy Q. Nguyen-Phuoc; Elisabeth Rubie; Erkan Oktay; Gabriel Dorantes Argandar; J.E. Rod; Jean Carlos Natividade; Joonha Park; Jorge Tiago Bastos; Laura Martínez-Buelvas; Maria De Fátima Pereira Da Silva; Mário Velindro; Matus Sucha; Mauricio Orozco-Fontalvo; Miguel Barboza-Palomino; Quan Yuan; Rui Mendes; Rusdi Rusli; Samira Ramezani; Sergio A. Useche; Sibele Dias de Aquino; Takashi Tsubakita; Tatiana Volkodav; Tiina Rinne; Violeta Enea; Yonggang Wang; Mark King. 2021. "Alcohol-impaired Walking in 16 Countries: A Theory-Based Investigation." Accident Analysis & Prevention 159, no. : 106212.

Journal article
Published: 24 May 2021 in Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour
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Introduction: During the last few years, the use of behavioral questionnaires for assessing risky behaviors of road users different from motor-vehicle drivers has grown considerably in applied research for road safety. In this regard, recent tools such as the Cycling Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ) are gaining ground, being adapted and tested in further languages, thus getting useful to address the case of countries whose language is different to the English and Spanish. Therefore, and in order to extend the use of the CBQ, this study aimed (i) to develop the validation of the CBQ to the French and Dutch languages, in order to cover the population of Belgian cyclists and (potentially) other countries speaking these languages, as well as (ii) to explore demographic and cycling-related differences in cycling behaviors. Methods: For this cross-sectional study, data was collected from a full sample of 1,897 adult cyclists (50.9% males; 48.7% females; 0.4% others) from various regions of Belgium, with a mean age of 41.71 years. Results: The results suggest the CBQ, in its French and Dutch versions, has a strong factor composition, fair psychometrical properties and good convergent validity. Further, gender and cycling pattern-related differences were found in regard to the three dimensions measured by the scale. Conclusion: The results of this study support the value of the Cycling Behavior Questionnaire to be used for researchers studying road cyclists’ behavior from the human factors perspective in French and Dutch-speaking countries.

ACS Style

Sergio A. Useche; Pierre Philippot; Toon Ampe; Javier Llamazares; Bas de Geus. “Pédaler en toute sécurité”: The Cycling Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ) in Belgium – A validation study. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 2021, 80, 260 -274.

AMA Style

Sergio A. Useche, Pierre Philippot, Toon Ampe, Javier Llamazares, Bas de Geus. “Pédaler en toute sécurité”: The Cycling Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ) in Belgium – A validation study. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour. 2021; 80 ():260-274.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sergio A. Useche; Pierre Philippot; Toon Ampe; Javier Llamazares; Bas de Geus. 2021. "“Pédaler en toute sécurité”: The Cycling Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ) in Belgium – A validation study." Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 80, no. : 260-274.

Journal article
Published: 19 May 2021 in Electronics
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Technological devices are becoming more and more integrated in the management and control of traffic in big cities. The population perceives the benefits provided by these systems, and, therefore, citizens usually have a favorable opinion of them. However, emerging countries, which have fewer available infrastructures, could present a certain lack of trust. The objective of this work is to detect the level of knowledge and predisposition towards the use of new technologies in the transportation field of the Dominican Republic. For this study, the National Survey on Mobility was administered to a sample of Dominican citizens, proportional to the ONE census and to sex, age and province. The knowledge of ITS topics, as well as the use of mobile applications for mobility, are scarce; however, there was a significant increase that can be observed in only one year. Moreover, technology is, in general, positively assessed for what concerns the improvement of the traffic field, even though there is a lack of predisposition to provide one’s personal data, which is necessary for these devices. The process of technological development in the country must be backed up by laws that protect the citizens’ privacy. Thus, technologies that can improve road safety, mobility and sustainability can be implemented in the country.

ACS Style

Francisco Alonso; Mireia Faus; Cristina Esteban; Sergio Useche. Is There a Predisposition towards the Use of New Technologies within the Traffic Field of Emerging Countries? The Case of the Dominican Republic. Electronics 2021, 10, 1208 .

AMA Style

Francisco Alonso, Mireia Faus, Cristina Esteban, Sergio Useche. Is There a Predisposition towards the Use of New Technologies within the Traffic Field of Emerging Countries? The Case of the Dominican Republic. Electronics. 2021; 10 (10):1208.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francisco Alonso; Mireia Faus; Cristina Esteban; Sergio Useche. 2021. "Is There a Predisposition towards the Use of New Technologies within the Traffic Field of Emerging Countries? The Case of the Dominican Republic." Electronics 10, no. 10: 1208.

Journal article
Published: 31 March 2021 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Recent evidence suggests that driving behavior and traffic safety outcomes of parents may be influenced by the extent to which they receive information and education on road safety, as well as the fact of driving with their children on board, which may increase their risk perception. However, there are no studies specifically addressing the case of crashes suffered while driving with children. Hence, this study aimed to describe the relationship between road safety education-related variables and parents’ traffic safety outcomes while driving with children on board. For this cross-sectional study, data was retrieved from a sample composed of 165 Spanish parents—all of them licensed drivers—with a mean age of 45.3 years. Through binary logistic regression (logit) analysis, it was found that factors such as gender, having received road safety education (RSE), and having been sanctioned for the performance of risky driving behavior contribute to modulating the likelihood of suffering crashes while driving with children on board. Gender differences showed a riskier status for male parents. In this study, a set of risk factors explaining the involvement in traffic crashes when driving with children as passengers was identified among parents: gender, traffic sanctions, valuation, and exposure to road safety campaigns. Also, substantial limitations in the self-reported degree of received RSE were found, especially considering that risky driving behavior and traffic crash rates with children on board still have a high prevalence among parents.

ACS Style

Francisco Alonso; Sergio Useche; Eliseo Valle; Cristina Esteban; Javier Gene-Morales. Could Road Safety Education (RSE) Help Parents Protect Children? Examining Their Driving Crashes with Children on Board. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 3611 .

AMA Style

Francisco Alonso, Sergio Useche, Eliseo Valle, Cristina Esteban, Javier Gene-Morales. Could Road Safety Education (RSE) Help Parents Protect Children? Examining Their Driving Crashes with Children on Board. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (7):3611.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francisco Alonso; Sergio Useche; Eliseo Valle; Cristina Esteban; Javier Gene-Morales. 2021. "Could Road Safety Education (RSE) Help Parents Protect Children? Examining Their Driving Crashes with Children on Board." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 7: 3611.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2021 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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This research investigated how behaviours and attitudes of bicycle riders influence crash frequency and severity. The study recruited 1102 Australian bicycle riders for an online survey. The survey comprised questions on demographics, frequency of riding and the number and severity of traffic crashes during the last five years. The survey included the Cycling Behaviour Questionnaire and the Cyclist Risk Perception and Regulation Scale. Overall, there were low levels of errors and violations reported by participants indicating that these behaviours were on average never or rarely exhibited while riding a bicycle. Conversely, participants reported high levels of engagement in positive behaviours and reported high levels of traffic rule knowledge and risk perception. Higher rates of violations and errors were associated with increased crash likelihood, while higher rates of positive behaviours were associated with reduced rates of crash involvement in a period of 5 years. The findings highlight the relationship between errors, total crashes and crash severity Further promotion of positive behaviours amongst riders may also help to reduce the risk of crashes.

ACS Style

Steve O’Hern; Nora Estgfaeller; Amanda Stephens; Sergio Useche. Bicycle Rider Behavior and Crash Involvement in Australia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 2378 .

AMA Style

Steve O’Hern, Nora Estgfaeller, Amanda Stephens, Sergio Useche. Bicycle Rider Behavior and Crash Involvement in Australia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (5):2378.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Steve O’Hern; Nora Estgfaeller; Amanda Stephens; Sergio Useche. 2021. "Bicycle Rider Behavior and Crash Involvement in Australia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5: 2378.

Research article
Published: 05 February 2021 in PLOS ONE
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Objective The objective of this study was to assess and compare drivers’ and non-drivers’ outcomes in the Adult Developmental Eye Movement test (ADEM), a visual-verbal test that measures the time needed to read series of numbers in both a vertical and horizontal reading pattern. A set of driving parameters (i.e., experience, risk exposure, and day and night perceived difficulty) and demographic variables (i.e., age, gender, and academic level) were considered as potential predictors of the test performance. Methods For this cross-sectional study, 302 healthy subjects (age range 20 to 86 years old) completed a self-reported questionnaire aimed at retrieving data on the independent variables, and underwent the ADEM in order to obtain the dependent outcomes. 214 (70.9%) of the participants were drivers. Non-parametric analyses and multilevel linear regression were used to assess differences between the variables and a prediction model. Also, some correlations were evaluated through the Spearman test. Results Drivers showed significantly better test performance than non-drivers. The age, driving experience, and perceived difficulty in driving at night were obtained as potential predictors of the test performance with the applied linear regression model. Conclusion The ADEM may be a practical, non-expensive, easy-to-apply tool in the assessment of drivers, useful for obtaining or renewing the driving license. This test may help in the detection of impairments in the saccadic efficiency that could have a detrimental effect on the driving performance.

ACS Style

Andrés Gené-Sampedro; Francisco Alonso; Celia Sánchez-Ramos; Sergio A. Useche. Comparing oculomotor efficiency and visual attention between drivers and non-drivers through the Adult Developmental Eye Movement (ADEM) test: A visual-verbal test. PLOS ONE 2021, 16, e0246606 .

AMA Style

Andrés Gené-Sampedro, Francisco Alonso, Celia Sánchez-Ramos, Sergio A. Useche. Comparing oculomotor efficiency and visual attention between drivers and non-drivers through the Adult Developmental Eye Movement (ADEM) test: A visual-verbal test. PLOS ONE. 2021; 16 (2):e0246606.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andrés Gené-Sampedro; Francisco Alonso; Celia Sánchez-Ramos; Sergio A. Useche. 2021. "Comparing oculomotor efficiency and visual attention between drivers and non-drivers through the Adult Developmental Eye Movement (ADEM) test: A visual-verbal test." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2: e0246606.

Journal article
Published: 03 February 2021 in Sustainability
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Cycling behavior remains a key issue for explaining several traffic causalities occurring every day. However, recent studies have shown how the assessment of the own safety-related behaviors on the road may substantially differ from how third parties assess them. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the differences between cyclists’ self-reported behavior and the proxy-reported behavior that other (non-cyclist) road users perceive from bike riders. For this purpose, this study used data from two samples: (i) 1064 cyclists (M = 32.83 years) answering the Cycling Behavior Questionnaire—CBQ, and (ii) 1070 non-cyclists (M = 30.83 years) answering an adapted version of the CBQ for external raters—ECBQ. The results show how the self-reported and proxy-reported behaviors of cyclists greatly differ in terms of all behavioral factors composing the CBQ model, i.e., traffic violations, riding errors, and positive behaviors. Also, external raters (non-cyclists) are those targeting significantly riskier behaviors than those self-reported by cyclists. These discrepancies between perceived behaviors may give rise to conflicting viewpoints on the interaction between bicycle riders and other road users. Therefore, this study underscores the importance of behavioral awareness, providing highlights for future studies on the behavioral interaction between cyclists and other road users. Results can be used to improve the road safety of all road users by giving indications on self-and proxy-perceived safety-related behaviors and visibility of protective riding habits.

ACS Style

Sergio Useche; Javier Gene-Morales; Felix Siebert; Francisco Alonso; Luis Montoro. “Not as Safe as I believed”: Differences in Perceived and Self-Reported Cycling Behavior between Riders and Non-Riders. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1614 .

AMA Style

Sergio Useche, Javier Gene-Morales, Felix Siebert, Francisco Alonso, Luis Montoro. “Not as Safe as I believed”: Differences in Perceived and Self-Reported Cycling Behavior between Riders and Non-Riders. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (4):1614.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sergio Useche; Javier Gene-Morales; Felix Siebert; Francisco Alonso; Luis Montoro. 2021. "“Not as Safe as I believed”: Differences in Perceived and Self-Reported Cycling Behavior between Riders and Non-Riders." Sustainability 13, no. 4: 1614.

Journal article
Published: 17 December 2020 in Accident Analysis & Prevention
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As alternative transportation is getting more and more fashionable, and more people worldwide are "shifting" to walking trips, even for their daily commuting, traffic crashes suffered by pedestrians are still a great concern for road safety and public health researchers and practitioners. In this regard, risky or "aberrant" road behaviors have emerged, during the last few years, as a key issue to be considered for crash prevention. Nevertheless, the idea of a "generic pedestrian" is getting re-evaluated, and analyzing key features, such as gender, seems to be crucial for understanding pedestrians' performance and safety outcomes. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of gender on pedestrians' both deliberate (traffic violations) and undeliberate (errors) risky walking behaviors, considering a set of theoretically based demographic and psychosocial variables as their potential predictors. For this cross-sectional study, data from 1070 Spanish pedestrians (60 % females and 40 % males, aged between 16 and 79) from the 17 regions of Spain, responding to an electronic questionnaire, were analyzed through a multi-group structural equation modeling (MGSEM) approach. Although age, handheld device-interaction, and sensation-seeking seem to have a similar effect on the errors and violations reported by both genders (similarities), factors such as risk perception, educational level and the misbehaviors observed in other road users are significant predictors only in the case of male pedestrians. On the other hand, road distractions have been shown to play a significant role in females' errors and violations, while males' road distractions seem to only affect their involuntary risky behaviors. The findings of this study support the influence of gender in the statistical explanation of both deliberate and undeliberate walking risky road behaviors, also depicting the differential role of certain demographic and psychosocial factors when we compare male and female pedestrians.

ACS Style

Sergio A. Useche; Amin Mohamadi Hezaveh; Francisco J. Llamazares; Christopher Cherry. Not gendered… but different from each other? A structural equation model for explaining risky road behaviors of female and male pedestrians. Accident Analysis & Prevention 2020, 150, 105942 .

AMA Style

Sergio A. Useche, Amin Mohamadi Hezaveh, Francisco J. Llamazares, Christopher Cherry. Not gendered… but different from each other? A structural equation model for explaining risky road behaviors of female and male pedestrians. Accident Analysis & Prevention. 2020; 150 ():105942.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sergio A. Useche; Amin Mohamadi Hezaveh; Francisco J. Llamazares; Christopher Cherry. 2020. "Not gendered… but different from each other? A structural equation model for explaining risky road behaviors of female and male pedestrians." Accident Analysis & Prevention 150, no. : 105942.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2020 in Accident Analysis & Prevention
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As part of the transformation of urban transportation dynamics, commuter cycling has acquired a high relevance as an alternative mode of transport in different countries, and Latin America seems to be one of the main focus of this worldwide “revolution”. However, the high rates of crashes and injuries suffered by commuters have become a relevant issue in the field of road safety, especially in emerging regions with low cycling tradition, where social and infrastructural gaps may endanger the cyclists’ safety. This study had two objectives. First, to compare key safe cycling-related variables between cycling commuters and non-commuters; and second, to differentially asses the effect of individual and cycling-related variables on their self-reported crash rates. Method: For this cross-sectional research, the data provided by 577 Latin American urban cyclists from three countries (Argentina, Colombia and Mexico) with a mean age of 32.7 years was used. They answered a questionnaire on cycling habits, risk perception, rule knowledge, cycling behaviors and riding crashes. The outcomes of this study showed that, despite having a higher risk perception, cycling commuters perform deliberate risky cycling behaviors (traffic violations) more frequently, and they suffer more crashes; cycling commuters report higher rates of psychological distress, and a lower degree of rule knowledge and protective behaviors than non-commuters. Furthermore, structural similarities and differences in the explanation of cycling crashes were found across commuters and non-commuters. The results of this study suggest that non-commuters, whose purposes for cycling are more aimed at leisure and occasional trips, perform less risky behaviors but suffer more cycling distractions, whereas commuters are comparatively more exposed to behavioral-based safety risks, and suffer more frequent crashes. Since recent evidence forecasts that urban cycling will keep growing in Latin American cities, it is necessary to implement policies and educational/training improvements that may enhance the safety and health of cyclists in these countries.

ACS Style

Sergio A. Useche; Cristina Esteban; Francisco Alonso; Luis Montoro. Are Latin American cycling commuters “at risk”? A comparative study on cycling patterns, behaviors, and crashes with non-commuter cyclists. Accident Analysis & Prevention 2020, 150, 105915 .

AMA Style

Sergio A. Useche, Cristina Esteban, Francisco Alonso, Luis Montoro. Are Latin American cycling commuters “at risk”? A comparative study on cycling patterns, behaviors, and crashes with non-commuter cyclists. Accident Analysis & Prevention. 2020; 150 ():105915.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sergio A. Useche; Cristina Esteban; Francisco Alonso; Luis Montoro. 2020. "Are Latin American cycling commuters “at risk”? A comparative study on cycling patterns, behaviors, and crashes with non-commuter cyclists." Accident Analysis & Prevention 150, no. : 105915.

Journal article
Published: 17 September 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Background: dating violence, or violence in teenage couples, is a socially interesting topic, due to its prevalence and its possible use in predicting violence in adult couples. The perception of violence, or the detection of abusive behaviors by teenagers and young people (which can be considered as equivalent concepts), is essential to prevent violence itself. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to determine which behaviors are identified as abusive by teenagers and young people, and the severity that they attribute to them—meaning how they perceive them. Moreover, we will be able to determine whether there are differences between boys and girls in two countries: Spain and Colombia. Methods: for this study, we used two samples from both countries, with a total of 389 teenagers (50.9% females and 49.1% males) who were, on average, 16.56 years old (SD = 1.94 years). We analyzed the factorial invariance depending on sex and country of the sample and the different profiles of violence perception. Results: we found evidence of the internal validity of the questionnaire for what concerns the perception of inter-partner violence. The results point out that the perception of violence in the relationship is composed of two factors related to each other (Multiple and Emotional Abuse), which are invariant depending of sex and country of origin of the sample. The internal consistency of the test is adequate (>0.90). The analysis of the violence perception profiles indicates that Spanish teenagers have a higher perception of it, and, also, that girls hold a higher perception than boys. Conclusions: the results of this research have shown how dating violence (or violence in teenage couples) is differentially perceived not only between genders, but also across cultural contexts. Moreover, these outcomes may enhance the development of possible evidence-based interventions approaching the social problem generated by violence in teenage couples.

ACS Style

Ana Martínez-Dorado; Jesús Privado; Sergio A. Useche; Lilian Velasco; Dau García-Dauder; Elisa Alfaro. Perception of Dating Violence in Teenage Couples: A Cross Validation Study in Spain and Colombia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 6769 .

AMA Style

Ana Martínez-Dorado, Jesús Privado, Sergio A. Useche, Lilian Velasco, Dau García-Dauder, Elisa Alfaro. Perception of Dating Violence in Teenage Couples: A Cross Validation Study in Spain and Colombia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (18):6769.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ana Martínez-Dorado; Jesús Privado; Sergio A. Useche; Lilian Velasco; Dau García-Dauder; Elisa Alfaro. 2020. "Perception of Dating Violence in Teenage Couples: A Cross Validation Study in Spain and Colombia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 18: 6769.

Original research article
Published: 02 September 2020 in Frontiers in Sustainable Cities
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Introduction: Traditionally, the scientific literature on urban and transportation dynamics addresses many topics, but the security-related outcomes of users remain a pending issue, especially in emerging countries and their cities. Nevertheless, recent evidence suggests that, especially in developing countries, security issues may influence people's decision-making in the choice of transport means, daily urban-trip patterns and road behaviors of users. Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between the perceived security (in both urban environments and public transport systems) and the daily-travel behavior and trip patterns of the Dominican Republic population. Methods: This cross-sectional study, performed in 2019, analyzed data collected from 1,026 inhabitants from different cities of the Dominican Republic (54% females and 46% males), who completed a survey on security issues, travel behaviors and transportation-related habits. Results: The results of this research suggest that demographic factors, such as age, education, and city/town size, and the safety perceived in the urban environment play a significant role in the choice of transportation modes, as well as in the participants' experience as victims of crime-related incidents (either witnessing or suffering crime episodes on public transport or city streets) during urban trips performed over the last 5 years. Conclusion: Overall, the results of this study suggest that perceived safety, in both urban environments and public transport systems, is a relevant issue affecting the daily transport-related patterns and behavioral choices of the Dominican Republic's population. The results of this research might contribute to the strengthening of transport security planning, considering factors that are not traditionally kept in mind for policymaking in transportation dynamics.

ACS Style

Francisco Alonso; Sergio Useche; Mireia Faus; Cristina Esteban. Does Urban Security Modulate Transportation Choices and Travel Behavior of Citizens? A National Study in the Dominican Republic. Frontiers in Sustainable Cities 2020, 2, 1 .

AMA Style

Francisco Alonso, Sergio Useche, Mireia Faus, Cristina Esteban. Does Urban Security Modulate Transportation Choices and Travel Behavior of Citizens? A National Study in the Dominican Republic. Frontiers in Sustainable Cities. 2020; 2 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francisco Alonso; Sergio Useche; Mireia Faus; Cristina Esteban. 2020. "Does Urban Security Modulate Transportation Choices and Travel Behavior of Citizens? A National Study in the Dominican Republic." Frontiers in Sustainable Cities 2, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 14 July 2020 in Journal of Transport & Health
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Although daily walking implies several potential benefits for the health and well-being of people, and, besides the raise of more “walkable” cities, it is currently being promoted as an active transportation means that is rich in benefits for its users, road risks affecting pedestrians, together with their high vulnerability to suffer severe injuries as a consequence of traffic crashes, have turned into a relevant concern for both policymakers and public health practitioners. In this regard, risky and positive (proactively safe) behaviors have acquired a substantial relevance for the study and prevention of traffic causalities involving different road users, including pedestrians. The objective of this study was to thoroughly describe the validation of an instrument for measuring the walking risky and positive behavior on the road, using the Walking Behavior Questionnaire (WBQ). This cross-sectional study analyzed the data from 1070 Spanish pedestrians answering a questionnaire on road behaviors. The data were analyzed using the competitive Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), thus obtaining basic psychometric properties, testing convergent validity and predictive value, and presenting an optimized structure for the scale. The obtained findings suggest that the WBQ has a clear dimensional structure, items with high factorial weight, good internal consistency and reliability and an adequate convergent validity with variables theoretically associated with road behaviors. The results of this study endorse the psychometric value of the WBQ for measuring errors, violations and positive behaviors of pedestrians. This questionnaire might have relevant applications in the practical field, since, apart from having good psychometric properties, it introduces items related to social and technological trends (e.g., the use of cellphones) that may compromise pedestrians’ safety. This can be particularly useful for designing behavioral-based interventions and educational programs, focused on road risk reduction and on the promotion of safe walking behavior.

ACS Style

Sergio A. Useche; Francisco Alonso; Luis Montoro. Validation of the Walking Behavior Questionnaire (WBQ): A tool for measuring risky and safe walking under a behavioral perspective. Journal of Transport & Health 2020, 18, 100899 .

AMA Style

Sergio A. Useche, Francisco Alonso, Luis Montoro. Validation of the Walking Behavior Questionnaire (WBQ): A tool for measuring risky and safe walking under a behavioral perspective. Journal of Transport & Health. 2020; 18 ():100899.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sergio A. Useche; Francisco Alonso; Luis Montoro. 2020. "Validation of the Walking Behavior Questionnaire (WBQ): A tool for measuring risky and safe walking under a behavioral perspective." Journal of Transport & Health 18, no. : 100899.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2020 in Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour
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Different empirical studies suggest that both job strain and driving styles are significant contributors to the work-related traffic crashes suffered by professional drivers. Nevertheless, the current evidence falls considerably short when explaining why driving styles may modify (or not) the relationship between occupational stressors and professional drivers’ safety outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine whether driving styles moderate the effect of job strain on professional drivers’ Work Traffic Crashes (WTCs). This research was performed using the data collected from a sample of 753 professional drivers, responding to a self-report questionnaire on job strain (work stress indicator of the Job Demand-Control model), driving styles and work-traffic safety outcomes suffered in the past two years. Regression-based moderation analyses suggest that the job strain of professional drivers is positively associated with the occupational traffic crashes they suffer, and that such association is stronger in drivers with “reckless & careless”, “anxious”, and “angry & hostile” driving styles. Meanwhile, the “patient & careful” (positive) driving style was not associated with a lower risk of suffering a WTC, nor with a lower vulnerability to stress-related WTCs. The results of this study support the hypothesis that driving styles exert a statistical moderation between the job strain and the occupational traffic crashes suffered by professional drivers. These findings may support the design of evidence-based interventions in both the organizational and individual levels, focused stress-related factors and driving styles as predictors of work traffic crashes.

ACS Style

Sergio A. Useche; Boris Cendales; Francisco Alonso; Mauricio Orozco-Fontalvo. A matter of style? Testing the moderating effect of driving styles on the relationship between job strain and work-related crashes of professional drivers. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 2020, 72, 307 -317.

AMA Style

Sergio A. Useche, Boris Cendales, Francisco Alonso, Mauricio Orozco-Fontalvo. A matter of style? Testing the moderating effect of driving styles on the relationship between job strain and work-related crashes of professional drivers. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour. 2020; 72 ():307-317.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sergio A. Useche; Boris Cendales; Francisco Alonso; Mauricio Orozco-Fontalvo. 2020. "A matter of style? Testing the moderating effect of driving styles on the relationship between job strain and work-related crashes of professional drivers." Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 72, no. : 307-317.

Journal article
Published: 19 June 2020 in Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour
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The Behaviour of Young Novice Drivers Scale (BYNDS) is a self-report instrument to assess risky driving behaviours among youth population. Although previous studies have offered evidences of reliability and validity for the BYNDS scores, results are not conclusive as regards its factor structure. The aim of this research was to assess the factor structure of the BYNDS via Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFA). The BYNDS was administered to a sample of 832 drivers aged from 18 to 25 years (Argentina = 270, Colombia = 350, and Mexico = 212). Six models were examined: three derived from previous literature, one emerged from an exploratory factor analysis, a unidimensional model, and a bifactor model. Results showed that none of the models analysed offered a completely acceptable fit to the data. However, the original model hypothesizing five orthogonal factors showed the best fit indices, with all of the items loading onto the associated factor. Results of the bifactor analysis suggested that three of the subscales (transient violations, fixed violations, and misjudgements) share a strong common basis and their scores would not offer much information above and beyond the total score. On the contrary, the items in the subscale of risk-exposure are clearly influenced by a specific domain factor, contributing to the multidimensionality of the BYNDS. In line with previous studies, males scored higher than females in driving violations, fixed violations, and risk-exposure. This study contributes to the psychometric refinement of a novel measure of risky driving in youth population. This self-report could be a valuable tool in the evaluation of road safety performance.

ACS Style

Jeremías David Tosi; Ruben Ledesma; Sergio A. Useche; Gabriel Dorantes-Argandar; Oscar Oviedo-Trespalacios. Assessing the factor structure of the Behaviour of Young Novice Drivers Scale (BYNDS). Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 2020, 72, 171 -183.

AMA Style

Jeremías David Tosi, Ruben Ledesma, Sergio A. Useche, Gabriel Dorantes-Argandar, Oscar Oviedo-Trespalacios. Assessing the factor structure of the Behaviour of Young Novice Drivers Scale (BYNDS). Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour. 2020; 72 ():171-183.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jeremías David Tosi; Ruben Ledesma; Sergio A. Useche; Gabriel Dorantes-Argandar; Oscar Oviedo-Trespalacios. 2020. "Assessing the factor structure of the Behaviour of Young Novice Drivers Scale (BYNDS)." Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 72, no. : 171-183.

Journal article
Published: 05 June 2020 in Cuadernos Latinoamericanos de Administración
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Not keeping an adequate safe distance is one of the elements that are directly related to traffic accidents. The main objective of this research was to identify the aspects that modulate the safe distance-accidents relation. Specifically, the frequency and reasons why drivers do not keep the safe distance, the perception of drivers regarding the probability of penalty, the penalties imposed and their severity, and the drivers’ opinion on the effectiveness of such penalties in order to change this behavior. A questionnaire was administrated to a sample of 1,100 Spanish drivers having any kind of driving license. The results showed that only the 5,6% of drivers always or sometimes do not keep the safe distance. Among the specific reasons, the traffic conditions and congestions and drivers not realizing they were not keeping a safe distance were the most frequent ones. Likewise, drivers perceived that the probability of being caught (sanctioned) as a consequence of this misbehavior is considerably limited. Moreover, there were no respondents who had received a fine for not keeping a safe distance while driving. The results contrast with previous studies in which it is showed that not keeping a safe distance is a quite frequently behavior, and remark shat several efforts are needed for strengthen the awareness of people in this matter, with the aim of reducing traffic crashes related to it, and their high multidimensional burden for societies.

ACS Style

Francisco Alonso; Mireia Faus; Sergio A. Useche. The closer… the unsafer: may the lack of safe distance be a silent contributor to the burden of traffic crashes in Spain? Cuadernos Latinoamericanos de Administración 2020, 16, 1 .

AMA Style

Francisco Alonso, Mireia Faus, Sergio A. Useche. The closer… the unsafer: may the lack of safe distance be a silent contributor to the burden of traffic crashes in Spain? Cuadernos Latinoamericanos de Administración. 2020; 16 (30):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francisco Alonso; Mireia Faus; Sergio A. Useche. 2020. "The closer… the unsafer: may the lack of safe distance be a silent contributor to the burden of traffic crashes in Spain?" Cuadernos Latinoamericanos de Administración 16, no. 30: 1.

Journal article
Published: 04 May 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Background: Vision is an undisputable contributor to the explanation of many human-factor related traffic crashes happening every day. The Inland Transport Committee (ITC), the United Nations regulatory platform, included on 1st April 2020 special action on the vision of road users inside the ITC Recommendations for Enhancing Road Safety Systems. The results of this wide-scale study on drivers’ vision health conducted in Spain perfectly illustrates the need of global action and its potential impact on the public health figures and the burden of potentially preventable traffic causalities. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess three key visual health issues (i.e., visual acuity, visual field campimetry and glare recovery) among Spanish drivers, in order to formulate implications and possible guidelines to enhance road safety. Methods: This cross-sectional study examined the visual health of a representative sample of 3249 drivers (70% females and 30% males) with a mean age of 41 (SD = 13) years, gathered from all the 17 autonomous communities of Spain. Results: The tests performed allowed to determine that 15% of Spanish drivers have a poor photopic vision, while 38% of them present an inadequate mesopic vision. Further, 23% of drivers have deficiencies in peripheric visual field campimetry, and the average time for full-vision recovery after a 10-s glare was 27 s. Sex, age and driver type (professional vs. non-professional) differences were found for the study variables. Conclusions: The findings of this study support the idea that certain demographic-based population groups of drivers present several unaddressed deficiencies and impairments in visual health. Overall an estimated 29.5% of Spanish drivers present visual issues, that need to be attended in order to enhance the prevention of driving crashes and the road safety of all road users.

ACS Style

José Ignacio Lijarcio; Sergio A. Useche; Javier Llamazares; Luis Montoro. Are Your Eyes “on the Road”? Findings from the 2019 National Study on Vision and Driving Safety in Spain. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 3195 .

AMA Style

José Ignacio Lijarcio, Sergio A. Useche, Javier Llamazares, Luis Montoro. Are Your Eyes “on the Road”? Findings from the 2019 National Study on Vision and Driving Safety in Spain. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (9):3195.

Chicago/Turabian Style

José Ignacio Lijarcio; Sergio A. Useche; Javier Llamazares; Luis Montoro. 2020. "Are Your Eyes “on the Road”? Findings from the 2019 National Study on Vision and Driving Safety in Spain." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 9: 3195.

Articles
Published: 10 April 2020 in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
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The aim of this study was to examine the effect of different environmental, mechanical and individual factors associated with fatalities and serious injuries caused by work traffic accidents among cargo and passenger transport drivers (CPTD) in Spain. For this cross-sectional study, national data on work traffic accidents collected in Spain during the last 3 years were analyzed through a regression modeling approach, in order to predict the severity of traffic crashes involving CPTD. Using binary logistic regression analyses, it was found that the type of road and accident, the meteorological, light and vehicle conditions, individual characteristics and risky driving behaviors significantly predict the risk of fatal work traffic accidents and serious injuries. These findings highlight the importance of combining organizational efforts with national road safety policies in order to generate a traffic safety culture among CPTD.

ACS Style

Sergio A. Useche; Boris Cendales; Francisco Alonso; Luis Montoro. Multidimensional prediction of work traffic crashes among Spanish professional drivers in cargo and passenger transportation. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics 2020, 1 -8.

AMA Style

Sergio A. Useche, Boris Cendales, Francisco Alonso, Luis Montoro. Multidimensional prediction of work traffic crashes among Spanish professional drivers in cargo and passenger transportation. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics. 2020; ():1-8.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sergio A. Useche; Boris Cendales; Francisco Alonso; Luis Montoro. 2020. "Multidimensional prediction of work traffic crashes among Spanish professional drivers in cargo and passenger transportation." International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics , no. : 1-8.

Journal article
Published: 03 February 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Background: Education in road safety (also known as Road Safety Education—RSE) constitutes, nowadays, an emergent approach for improving present and future road behaviors, aiming at taking action against the current, and concerning, state-of-affairs of traffic crashes, through a behavioral perspective. In the case of children, and despite their overrepresentation in traffic injury figures, RSE-based strategies for behavioral health in transportation remain a “new” approach, whose impact still needs to be empirically tested. Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the impact of three key road safety skills of the Positive Attitudes, Risk perception and Knowledge of norms (PARK) model, addressed in RSE-based interventions, on the safe road behavior of Spanish children. Methods: For this cross-sectional study, a representative sample of 1930 (50.4% males and 49.6% females) Spanish children attending primary school, with a mean age of 10.1 (SD = 1.6) years, was gathered from 70 educational centers across all Spanish regions, through a national study on RSE and road safety. Results: Road safety skills show a positive relationship with children’s self-reported safe behaviors on the road. However, the knowledge of traffic norms alone does not predict safe behaviors: it needs to be combined with risk perception and positive attitudes towards road safety. Furthermore, the degree of exposure to previous RSE interventions was shown to have an effect on the score obtained by children in each road safety skill; on the other hand, road misbehaviors observed in parents and peers had a negative impact on them. Conclusion: The outcomes of this study suggest that education in road safety is still a key process for the acquisition of safe habits, patterns and behaviors among young road users.

ACS Style

Francisco Alonso; Adela Gonzalez-Marin; Cristina Esteban; Sergio A. Useche. Behavioral Health at School: Do Three Competences in Road Safety Education Impact the Protective Road Behaviors of Spanish Children? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 935 .

AMA Style

Francisco Alonso, Adela Gonzalez-Marin, Cristina Esteban, Sergio A. Useche. Behavioral Health at School: Do Three Competences in Road Safety Education Impact the Protective Road Behaviors of Spanish Children? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (3):935.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francisco Alonso; Adela Gonzalez-Marin; Cristina Esteban; Sergio A. Useche. 2020. "Behavioral Health at School: Do Three Competences in Road Safety Education Impact the Protective Road Behaviors of Spanish Children?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 3: 935.