In today’s fast-paced technological landscape, businesses must adapt to evolving business models and harness the power of data to thrive. Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) face significant challenges in aligning IT infrastructure with business objectives while navigating digital transformation. This systematic review, conducted using PRISMA 2020 guidelines, investigates the role of Enterprise Architecture (EA) and Information Management (IM) in driving IT growth and sustaining competitive performance in SMEs. Through a synthesis of academic research, industry analysis, and case studies from the last decade, this review identifies key frameworks—such as TOGAF, Zachman, and FEAF—that support the alignment of IT capabilities with organizational goals. The integration of IM within EA frameworks is found to enhance decision-making, resource allocation, and operational efficiency. Emerging technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI) and cloud computing are highlighted for their transformative impact, enabling real-time data analysis, improved scalability, and enhanced agility. Our review reports that 43.44% of the studies focused on cloud-based solutions, while 24.59% adopted hybrid models, offering SMEs scalable and flexible IT infrastructures. The findings emphasize the necessity of strong governance frameworks to ensure compliance, adaptability, and long-term sustainability in a dynamic environment. This research contributes to a comprehensive roadmap for SMEs, enabling them to leverage EA and IM for sustained growth and competitive advantage in the digital era.

This study addresses the significant barriers to effective dialysis treatment faced by South African patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), a condition affecting an estimated 6.4% to 17.3% of the population, with a disproportionate impact on poorer communities due to socioeconomic disparities and limited healthcare access. The absence of portable and compact Automated Peritoneal Dialysis (APD) systems, particularly in remote areas, severely restricts patient mobility and quality of life. To mitigate these challenges, the Miniature Digitalized Ubuntu APD machine (i.e. lightweight and portable) is developed. It integrates sorbent-based dialysate regeneration technology and digital health features. The research framework employed a multi-disciplinary approach, combining expertise from biomedical and electrical engineering. The main methods involved designing and simulating the APD system, which includes patient-centric features for monitoring, collecting, and optimizing treatment parameters. Key health metrics such as patient vital signs, biochemical markers, and patient-reported outcomes are continuously monitored. The results indicate that the system significantly improves patient outcomes by enhancing treatment efficacy and reducing healthcare costs. The use of sorbent-based dialysate regeneration technology minimizes logistical challenges associated with dialysate transportation and reduces the volume of fluids needed, making the system more environmentally friendly and cost-effective. Thus, this machine has the potential to substantially improve the quality of life and treatment outcomes for CKD patients in South Africa, thereby reducing the burden on healthcare facilities. This innovative device empowers patients through a user-friendly and portable solution, contributing to the sustainability and effectiveness of dialysis treatment.

This comprehensive review explores the profound influence of capacitor technologies on circuit design efficiency, performance characteristics, and environmental sustainability. Capacitors, as fundamental passive components, play a pivotal role in electrical circuits by facilitating functions such as filtering, energy storage, and coupling [1]. The choice of capacitor type significantly impacts circuit performance, affecting parameters including capacitance, frequency response, temperature stability, and voltage handling. Advancements in capacitor technology, such as integration into integrated circuits (IC), enhance circuit efficiency by reducing parasitic effects and improving signal integrity [2]. The environmental impact of capacitors is substantial, with significant implications for material extraction, manufacturing, and disposal. As the electronics industry evolves, adopting sustainable practices like recycling and repurposing capacitors becomes crucial. This review integrates lifecycle assessments and comparative analyses of disposal methods to provide insights into designing and managing capacitor technologies for a greener environment. This literature review contributes to the development of more sustainable electronic systems by highlighting the interplay between capacitor technology, circuit design efficiency, and environmental stewardship. Optimizing capacitor selection and disposal practices enhances circuit performance while minimizing environmental impact, aligning with broader efforts to reduce electronic waste and foster a sustainable electronics industry. This review supports the advancement of environmentally conscious circuit design practices through a comprehensive understanding of capacitor technologies and their lifecycle implications.