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Dr. Raminder Kaur
Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India

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Special issue research article
Published: 04 March 2021 in International Journal of Energy Research
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The present study is focused on the preparation of microencapsulated phase change materials (Micro‐PCMs) for thermal energy storage applications. These Micro‐PCMs capsules comprise of a renewable material, caprylic acid (CA), as core latent heat storage material, confined inside the polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) shells and are produced by the suspension‐like polymerization method. The prepared Micro‐PCMs are characterized by FTIR, SEM, and Particle Size Analyzer. The phase change properties, including melting and crystallization temperatures, and latent heats associated during phase change are determined by DSC and are reported as 14.3 ± 0.2°C, 9.7 ± 0.4°C, and 98.7 ± 1.5 J/g, 99.0 ± 1.7 J/g, respectively. The TGA results indicated that the synthesized Micro‐PCMs exhibit a two‐step degradation pattern and have good thermal stability. The T‐History test is carried out to study the thermal energy storage/release time of the Micro‐PCMs. Thermal cycling test has been performed to check the thermal reliability of the microcapsules. The synthesized Micro‐PCMs are good contenders for latent heat absorption and can play a vital role in the area of thermal energy storage (TES) applications, such as passive space heating or cooling applications, smart textiles, and thermo‐responsive functional coatings.

ACS Style

Surya Tanwar; Raminder Kaur. Development and investigation of microencapsulated caprylic acid ‐based phase change materials for thermal energy storage applications. International Journal of Energy Research 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Surya Tanwar, Raminder Kaur. Development and investigation of microencapsulated caprylic acid ‐based phase change materials for thermal energy storage applications. International Journal of Energy Research. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Surya Tanwar; Raminder Kaur. 2021. "Development and investigation of microencapsulated caprylic acid ‐based phase change materials for thermal energy storage applications." International Journal of Energy Research , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 31 December 2020 in Journal of Composites Science
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The textile sector is one of the major culprits of water pollution, and demands immediate attention. The coloured textile effluent, loaded with toxic dyes, when mixed with waterbodies, may harm aquatic life, plants, animals, and humans. Although polyaniline in its different forms was utilised for the adsorption of different dyes, the pure nano-fibrous form of polyaniline, i.e., PANI nanofibers, have reportedly not been used for the removal of dyes from wastewater. The present study aimed to employ nano-structured polyaniline, in the form of polyaniline nanofibers (base; PNB—polyaniline nanofiber base) for the elimination of methylene blue (cationic dye; MB) dye from its solution. The polyaniline nanofiber base (PNB) was synthesised by an interfacial polymerisation technique using ammonium persulphate as the oxidant and toluene as the organic solvent, and was characterised by FTIR, SEM, BET, HRTEM and XRD techniques. The HRTEM and SEM results showed that the average size of the synthesised polyaniline nanofiber base (PNB) was about 60 nm. BET revealed the enhanced surface area of polyaniline nanofiber base (PNB), i.e., 48 m2g−1 in comparison to that of conventionally synthesised polyaniline, which is only 14 m2g−1. The electric conductivity of the polyaniline nanofiber base (PNB) was reportedly lesser (2.3 × 10−2 S/cm) than the salt form of the polyaniline, measured by four probe technique. The batch-wise adsorption of MB was conducted onto the polyaniline nanofiber base (PNB), and the influence of the preliminary dye concentration, duration of contact and polyaniline nanofiber base (PNB) dose, etc., were studied. The equilibrium values of these parameters are reported as 6 mg/L, 60 min and 2 g/L, respectively. The results revealed the 91% sorption of dye onto the polyaniline nanofiber base (PNB). The experimental data were best-fitted to Pseudo-second order (R2 = 0.99) and followed Freundlich isotherm model (R2 = 0.97). On desorption, about 86% of the absorbed dye was recovered and the regenerated adsorbent could be used efficiently for three more cycles.

ACS Style

Monika Duhan; Raminder Kaur. Nano-Structured Polyaniline as a Potential Adsorbent for Methylene Blue Dye Removal from Effluent. Journal of Composites Science 2020, 5, 7 .

AMA Style

Monika Duhan, Raminder Kaur. Nano-Structured Polyaniline as a Potential Adsorbent for Methylene Blue Dye Removal from Effluent. Journal of Composites Science. 2020; 5 (1):7.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Monika Duhan; Raminder Kaur. 2020. "Nano-Structured Polyaniline as a Potential Adsorbent for Methylene Blue Dye Removal from Effluent." Journal of Composites Science 5, no. 1: 7.

Conference paper
Published: 10 November 2020 in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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Green synthesis of nanoparticles has gained enormous attention in today's world due to ongoing demand to develop safe, sustainable, cost-effective and environmentally friendly process for synthesizing a wide variety of materials including metal/metal oxides nanoparticles, hybrid and bioinspired materials. In the current study, we have carried out green synthesis of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles (NPs) using psidium guajava leaf extract as capping agent and copper acetate as metal precursor. The biosynthesized nanoparticles were characterized using wide variety of techniques i.e. powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), FTIR, TGA and HRTEM. The PXRD result confirms the synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles in pure phase having monoclinic symmetry. The average particle size using PXRD was found out to be ~33 nm.

ACS Style

Ammu Varughese; Raminder Kaur; Poonam Singh. Green Synthesis and Characterization of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Using Psidium guajava Leaf Extract. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2020, 961, 012011 .

AMA Style

Ammu Varughese, Raminder Kaur, Poonam Singh. Green Synthesis and Characterization of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Using Psidium guajava Leaf Extract. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2020; 961 (1):012011.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ammu Varughese; Raminder Kaur; Poonam Singh. 2020. "Green Synthesis and Characterization of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Using Psidium guajava Leaf Extract." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 961, no. 1: 012011.

Accepted manuscript
Published: 01 January 2020 in Materials Research Express
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The major drawback in the use of Rigid Polyurethane Foam (RPUF) is its high flammability which limits is industrial applications. In the presented studies, RPUF was incorporated with different antiflamming agents such as Melamine (2,4,6-Triamino-1,3,5-triazine), Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propylphosphate) (TDCPP) and Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCP). Unlike the conventional RPUF, the foam developed here is derived from vegetable oil based polyol i.e. from Castor oil. Flammability of resulted RPUFs was tested according to UL 94 V test. The structure of the resulted foam samples was characterized by FTIR, XRD and SEM and their thermal properties were studied by TGA. The mechanical behaviour i.e. Tensile, compressive and flexural strength and hardness was examined by universal testing machine. The investigations made on flammability, mechanical and thermal properties of RPUFs incorporated with melamine, TCP, and TDCPP, suggested that, among all samples prepared, TDCPP incorporated RPUF rendered good thermal stability, mechanical and flame retardant properties. Results obtained from SEM analysis also revealed the reduction in the cell size in case of TDCPP based RPUFs.

ACS Style

Raminder Kaur; Mukesh Kumar; Raminder Kaur Walia. Addition of anti-flaming agents in castor oil based rigid polyurethane foams: studies on mechanical and flammable behaviour. Materials Research Express 2020, 7, 015333 .

AMA Style

Raminder Kaur, Mukesh Kumar, Raminder Kaur Walia. Addition of anti-flaming agents in castor oil based rigid polyurethane foams: studies on mechanical and flammable behaviour. Materials Research Express. 2020; 7 (1):015333.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Raminder Kaur; Mukesh Kumar; Raminder Kaur Walia. 2020. "Addition of anti-flaming agents in castor oil based rigid polyurethane foams: studies on mechanical and flammable behaviour." Materials Research Express 7, no. 1: 015333.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2019 in Materials Research Express
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ACS Style

Anuja Agrawal; Raminder Kaur; R.S. Walia. Response surface methodological evaluation of drilling for the optimization of residual compressive strength of bio-based RPUF composite. Materials Research Express 2019, 6, 125372 .

AMA Style

Anuja Agrawal, Raminder Kaur, R.S. Walia. Response surface methodological evaluation of drilling for the optimization of residual compressive strength of bio-based RPUF composite. Materials Research Express. 2019; 6 (12):125372.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anuja Agrawal; Raminder Kaur; R.S. Walia. 2019. "Response surface methodological evaluation of drilling for the optimization of residual compressive strength of bio-based RPUF composite." Materials Research Express 6, no. 12: 125372.

Journal article
Published: 13 October 2019 in Integrated Ferroelectrics
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In this study, CaCO3 nanostructures have been used to enhance the flame retardancy of vegetable oil based rigid polyurethane foams (RPUF). RPUFs were prepared by using polyol derived from transesterification reaction of castor oil. Prepared foams were characterized by cone calorimeter for their fire behavior. Results showed decrease in peak of heat release (PHRR) by the incorporation of nano calcium carbonate. Additionally, total heat release (THR), smoke production rate (SPR) and total smoke release (TSR) were also found to decrease remarkably. So, CaCO3 nanostructures have great potential as an additive to enhance flame retardant properties in vegetable oil based RPUF.

ACS Style

Anuja Agrawal; Raminder Kaur. Effect of Nano Filler on the Flammability of Bio-Based RPUF. Integrated Ferroelectrics 2019, 202, 20 -28.

AMA Style

Anuja Agrawal, Raminder Kaur. Effect of Nano Filler on the Flammability of Bio-Based RPUF. Integrated Ferroelectrics. 2019; 202 (1):20-28.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anuja Agrawal; Raminder Kaur. 2019. "Effect of Nano Filler on the Flammability of Bio-Based RPUF." Integrated Ferroelectrics 202, no. 1: 20-28.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2019 in Materials Express
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The present study assessed the applicability of pH indicators in the polymeric films that can be used as smart packaging in the food industries. The pH responsive films using Ethyl cellulose (EC) and azo indicators [i.e., Methyl Orange (MO) and Methyl Red (MR)] have been developed, which have shown remarkable sensitivity towards the pH variation. After activation in different pH range, the colour variation was measured for each film with the CIE Lab methodology. A significant L * [the parameter L * represents the lightness of colours from 0 (dark) to 100 (light), in CIELAB units] variation of EC-MO was seen ranging from 59 (at 0% acid) to 32 (at 60% acid) while for EC-MR, the variation in L * parameter was seen ranging from 89 (at 0% acid) to 32 (at 50% acid). These qualitatively responsive films were further tested for their water absorption capacity and mechanical properties. The water absorption capacity of the EC film incorporated with indicators were observed to be low as compared to the EC-standard film. The incorporation of MO resulted in a regular increase in water absorption capacity range from 34.08–47.11 while the MR incorporated films showed an irregular increase from 41.13–42.13, during a 24 hrs interval. The film with MO also showed a good mechanical property when tested by a micro UTM. The peak load was observed at around 2.7 N. Necking was more observant in the EC film incorporated with MO as compared to other samples, thus showing good plasticity.

ACS Style

Neelam Yadav; Raminder Kaur. Environment friendly qualitatively responsive ethyl cellulose films as smart food packaging. Materials Express 2019, 9, 792 -800.

AMA Style

Neelam Yadav, Raminder Kaur. Environment friendly qualitatively responsive ethyl cellulose films as smart food packaging. Materials Express. 2019; 9 (7):792-800.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Neelam Yadav; Raminder Kaur. 2019. "Environment friendly qualitatively responsive ethyl cellulose films as smart food packaging." Materials Express 9, no. 7: 792-800.

Journal article
Published: 22 July 2019 in Fire and Materials
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ACS Style

Anuja Agrawal; Raminder Kaur; R.S. Walia. Investigation on flammability of rigid polyurethane foam‐mineral fillers composite. Fire and Materials 2019, 43, 917 -927.

AMA Style

Anuja Agrawal, Raminder Kaur, R.S. Walia. Investigation on flammability of rigid polyurethane foam‐mineral fillers composite. Fire and Materials. 2019; 43 (8):917-927.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anuja Agrawal; Raminder Kaur; R.S. Walia. 2019. "Investigation on flammability of rigid polyurethane foam‐mineral fillers composite." Fire and Materials 43, no. 8: 917-927.

Article
Published: 13 July 2019 in Journal of Applied Polymer Science
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In this work, ceramic fillers zirconia and alumina powder were incorporated in the rigid polyurethane foams derived from modified castor oil and their impact on the mechanical, thermal, and fire performances of composite foams have been analyzed. It was observed that the addition of ceramic filler showed improved mechanical and thermal properties and best properties were shown by 6% zirconia with compressive strength of 6.61 MPa and flexural strength of 5.72 MPa. Zirconia also demonstrated an increase in T5% up to 260 °C. Cone calorimetry shows a decrease in peak of heat release from 118 to 84 kW m−2 and 94 kW m−2 by the incorporation of alumina and zirconia powder, respectively. Furthermore, total heat release (THR), smoke production rate (SPR), and total smoke release (TSR) were also found to decrease remarkably on the incorporation of ceramic fillers. So, these fillers have a great potential as an additive to incorporate good mechanical, thermal, and fire properties in bio‐based rigid PU foams. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48250.

ACS Style

Anuja Agrawal; Raminder Kaur; Ravinderjit Singh Walia. Flame retardancy of ceramic‐based rigid polyurethane foam composites. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 2019, 136, 1 .

AMA Style

Anuja Agrawal, Raminder Kaur, Ravinderjit Singh Walia. Flame retardancy of ceramic‐based rigid polyurethane foam composites. Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 2019; 136 (48):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anuja Agrawal; Raminder Kaur; Ravinderjit Singh Walia. 2019. "Flame retardancy of ceramic‐based rigid polyurethane foam composites." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 136, no. 48: 1.

Journal article
Published: 07 June 2019 in e-Polymers
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In this study, carbon fibre powder has been used as reinforcement to enhance the electrical conductivity of bio-based rigid polyurethane foam. Effect of carbon fibre incorporation on the mechanical, thermal and flame retardant properties has also been investigated. Results concluded that the foams with 8% carbon fibre concentration showed up to 288% increase in compressive strength. Furthermore, up to 28% decrease in the peak of heat release rate (PHRR) was observed on the incorporation of carbon fibre powder. Additionally, the rate of smoke production was also found decreased for carbon fibre reinforced foams. Foams with 8% and 10% carbon fibre concentration show conductivity of 1.9 × 10-4 and 7.1 × 10-4 S/m, respectively. So, carbon fibre powder may be used as a potential filler to enhance the electrical conductivity of rigid foams without compromising the other properties.

ACS Style

Anuja Agrawal; Raminder Kaur; R.S. Walia. Development of vegetable oil-based conducting rigid PU foam. e-Polymers 2019, 19, 411 -420.

AMA Style

Anuja Agrawal, Raminder Kaur, R.S. Walia. Development of vegetable oil-based conducting rigid PU foam. e-Polymers. 2019; 19 (1):411-420.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anuja Agrawal; Raminder Kaur; R.S. Walia. 2019. "Development of vegetable oil-based conducting rigid PU foam." e-Polymers 19, no. 1: 411-420.

Articles
Published: 01 April 2019 in Environmental Technology
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The present study reports the adsorptive removal of methyl orange from its aqueous solution by the utilization of polyaniline (PANI) nanofibers. PANI nanofibers were synthesized by conventional interfacial polymerisation method using ammonium persulphate (APS) as oxidant in an acidic medium. The average diameter of the synthesised PANI nanofibers was found to be 60 ± 5 nm as detected by HRTEM and SEM techniques. The synthesized PANI nanofibers were characterised by FTIR, XRD, UV-VIS spectroscopy, BET, ZETA potential and Four-probe conductivity techniques and were further used for the adsorption of methyl orange (MO) dye from its aqueous solution, using batch mode experiments. Due to their positively charged backbone, PANI nanofibers are found to be suitable for the adsorption of anionic dyes such as MO. The BET surface area of the synthesized polyaniline nanofibers was found to be 48.83m2g-1 (higher than conventionally synthesized polyaniline). The influence of important adsorption parameters i.e. initial dye concentration, pH and duration of contact were also studied and the equilibrium values of these parameters are noted to be 7 mg L-1 , pH ∼7 and 80 minutes respectively. The experimental data was found to be best fitted to the Pseudo-second order model (R2=0.99). The Freundlich isotherm was found to be best fitted for the adsorption of Methyl orange onto PANI nanofibers with R2=0.91.

ACS Style

Monika Duhan; Raminder Kaur. Adsorptive removal of methyl orange with polyaniline nanofibers: an unconventional adsorbent for water treatment. Environmental Technology 2019, 41, 1 -14.

AMA Style

Monika Duhan, Raminder Kaur. Adsorptive removal of methyl orange with polyaniline nanofibers: an unconventional adsorbent for water treatment. Environmental Technology. 2019; 41 (23):1-14.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Monika Duhan; Raminder Kaur. 2019. "Adsorptive removal of methyl orange with polyaniline nanofibers: an unconventional adsorbent for water treatment." Environmental Technology 41, no. 23: 1-14.

Article
Published: 28 November 2017 in Polymers for Advanced Technologies
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For the green synthesis of polyurethane (PU), non-isocyanate routes are worthy alternatives. In the present work, we have explored 5,10,15-tris(pentafluorophenyl)corrolato-manganese(III) complex as novel catalyst for coupling reaction between epoxidized canola oil and CO2 (gaseous) to introduce cyclic carbonate moieties in the oil and further used it to obtain non-isocyanate PU, generally abbreviated as NIPU, by curing with different diamines. The results obtained indicated a 1/4th of the reduction in reaction time with the use of 5,10,15-tris(pentafluorophenyl)corrolato-manganese(III) complex as catalyst as compared to the previously reported literature data. As per the reported studies, the corrole metal complex has not been used for this reaction earlier. The structure of products and intermediates were confirmed by using different characterization techniques like 1H NMR and FTIR spectroscopies. The thermal and mechanical behavior of final product was analyzed by TGA and universal testing machine, respectively. The non-isocyanate PU obtained showed a good thermal stability up to 200°C and a tensile strength of up to 8 MPa. The effect of structure of diamines on the properties of non-isocyanate PU was also extensively studied.

ACS Style

Manjeet Malik; Raminder Kaur. Synthesis of NIPU by the carbonation of canola oil using highly efficient 5,10,15-tris(pentafluorophenyl)corrolato-manganese(III) complex as novel catalyst. Polymers for Advanced Technologies 2017, 29, 1078 -1085.

AMA Style

Manjeet Malik, Raminder Kaur. Synthesis of NIPU by the carbonation of canola oil using highly efficient 5,10,15-tris(pentafluorophenyl)corrolato-manganese(III) complex as novel catalyst. Polymers for Advanced Technologies. 2017; 29 (3):1078-1085.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Manjeet Malik; Raminder Kaur. 2017. "Synthesis of NIPU by the carbonation of canola oil using highly efficient 5,10,15-tris(pentafluorophenyl)corrolato-manganese(III) complex as novel catalyst." Polymers for Advanced Technologies 29, no. 3: 1078-1085.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2017 in European Polymer Journal
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ACS Style

Anuja Agrawal; Raminder Kaur; R.S. Walia. PU foam derived from renewable sources: Perspective on properties enhancement: An overview. European Polymer Journal 2017, 95, 255 -274.

AMA Style

Anuja Agrawal, Raminder Kaur, R.S. Walia. PU foam derived from renewable sources: Perspective on properties enhancement: An overview. European Polymer Journal. 2017; 95 ():255-274.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anuja Agrawal; Raminder Kaur; R.S. Walia. 2017. "PU foam derived from renewable sources: Perspective on properties enhancement: An overview." European Polymer Journal 95, no. : 255-274.

Journal article
Published: 27 July 2017 in e-Polymers
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The present study emphasizes the reinforcement of rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) by the addition of glass fibers (GFs) for diverse engineering applications. In contrast to the conventional RPUF, the foam developed in this case is castor oil based. The developed reinforced foam was tested for its mechanical properties such as hardness, tensile, flexural and compressive strength and for its morphology. Mechanical properties of the resulted reinforced RPUF were found to be improved with addition of the GF content. The foam density was also observed to be increased with the insertion of GF. The SEM results clearly indicated the decreased cell size in the reinforced RPUF.

ACS Style

Mukesh Kumar; Raminder Kaur. Glass fiber reinforced rigid polyurethane foam: synthesis and characterization. e-Polymers 2017, 17, 517 -521.

AMA Style

Mukesh Kumar, Raminder Kaur. Glass fiber reinforced rigid polyurethane foam: synthesis and characterization. e-Polymers. 2017; 17 (6):517-521.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mukesh Kumar; Raminder Kaur. 2017. "Glass fiber reinforced rigid polyurethane foam: synthesis and characterization." e-Polymers 17, no. 6: 517-521.

Article
Published: 16 March 2017 in Polymer Engineering & Science
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This study has been conducted with an emphasis to develop a biobased polyol from canola oil by transesterification reaction followed by epoxidation and ring opening reaction with an intention to insert hydroxyl group at unsaturation sites. The products obtained were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance and FTIR spectroscopy for structural analysis and to determine the extent of reaction. Furthur, the studies have been conducted on different Polyurethane (PU) adhesives obtained by reacting this resulted canola oil based polyether-ester polyol and various kinds of aliphatic or aromatic diisocyanates commercially available, i.e., Methylenediphenyldiisocyanate (MDI), Toulenediisocyanate (TDI), Isophoronediisocyanate (IPDI), Hexamethylenediisocyanate (HMDI) with a purpose to examine their influence on adhesive properties such as green strength, curing time, gel time, lap shear strength. The properties of resulted polyurethanes had shown considerable (or prominent) variation in their behavior particularly in terms of thermal stability, adhesion strength, corrosion resistance, etc. The synthesized adhesive showed much better performance as compared to commercially available adhesive formulation under different conditions of testing. The thermal stability of PU adhesive formulation were analyzed and compared by thermogravimetric analysis. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2017. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers

ACS Style

Manjeet Malik; Raminder Kaur. Influence of aliphatic and aromatic isocyanates on the properties of poly(ether ester) polyol based PU adhesive system. Polymer Engineering & Science 2017, 58, 112 -117.

AMA Style

Manjeet Malik, Raminder Kaur. Influence of aliphatic and aromatic isocyanates on the properties of poly(ether ester) polyol based PU adhesive system. Polymer Engineering & Science. 2017; 58 (1):112-117.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Manjeet Malik; Raminder Kaur. 2017. "Influence of aliphatic and aromatic isocyanates on the properties of poly(ether ester) polyol based PU adhesive system." Polymer Engineering & Science 58, no. 1: 112-117.

Journal article
Published: 19 January 2016 in Advances in Polymer Technology
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Polyurethane (PU) production with the use of vegetable oils is greatly appreciated by researchers due to their low cost, easy availability, and nontoxic nature. The addition of TiO2 in castor oil–based PU adhesive led to a remarkable enhancement in its mechanical and chemical resistance, an increase in Tg value, and the adhesion. TGA analysis was done to study the thermal stability of prepared adhesive. The adhesive was also characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and FT-IR spectroscopy. Influence of various factors such as the NCO/OH molar ratio, hydroxyl value of polyols, and the amount of filler on the properties of adhesive were studied in detail. The adhesive with a mole ratio of NCO/OH equaling to 1.2, filled with 3 wt% TiO2, was found to be much better than the commercial adhesive used for bonding wood, when tested for single lap shear strength in various environmental conditions.

ACS Style

Manjeet Malik; Raminder Kaur. Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Castor Oil-Based Polyurethane Adhesive: Effect of TiO2Filler. Advances in Polymer Technology 2016, 37, 24 -30.

AMA Style

Manjeet Malik, Raminder Kaur. Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Castor Oil-Based Polyurethane Adhesive: Effect of TiO2Filler. Advances in Polymer Technology. 2016; 37 (1):24-30.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Manjeet Malik; Raminder Kaur. 2016. "Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Castor Oil-Based Polyurethane Adhesive: Effect of TiO2Filler." Advances in Polymer Technology 37, no. 1: 24-30.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2013 in Journal of Polymer Engineering
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Rigid polyurethane foams are one of the most important cellular plastics. Castor oil was modified with glycerol to form the polyol and reacted with methyl diisocyanate and different proportions of silicon oil to achieve rigid polyurethane foam. Prepared foam was tested for its density and mechanical properties. It was found that compressive and flexural strength was improved with silicon oil content. The morphology of the resulted foams was also studied using scanning electron microscope, and it was observed that the cell size was reduced with silicon oil content, indicating a more dense and packed structure. With further increase in the silicon oil content, foam properties showed a slight decrease in value.

ACS Style

Raminder Kaur; Mukesh Kumar. Function of silicon oil in the castor oil based rigid polyurethane foams. Journal of Polymer Engineering 2013, 33, 875 -880.

AMA Style

Raminder Kaur, Mukesh Kumar. Function of silicon oil in the castor oil based rigid polyurethane foams. Journal of Polymer Engineering. 2013; 33 (9):875-880.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Raminder Kaur; Mukesh Kumar. 2013. "Function of silicon oil in the castor oil based rigid polyurethane foams." Journal of Polymer Engineering 33, no. 9: 875-880.

Journal article
Published: 25 October 2011 in Advances in Polymer Technology
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ACS Style

Vazid Ali; Raminder Kaur; G. B. V. S. Lakshmi; Anand Kumar; Kiran Kumari; Sushil Kumar. Electrical conductivity and dielectric parameters of polyaniline doped with CuClO4· 4BN in aqueous DMSO solvent. Advances in Polymer Technology 2011, 31, 374 -379.

AMA Style

Vazid Ali, Raminder Kaur, G. B. V. S. Lakshmi, Anand Kumar, Kiran Kumari, Sushil Kumar. Electrical conductivity and dielectric parameters of polyaniline doped with CuClO4· 4BN in aqueous DMSO solvent. Advances in Polymer Technology. 2011; 31 (4):374-379.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vazid Ali; Raminder Kaur; G. B. V. S. Lakshmi; Anand Kumar; Kiran Kumari; Sushil Kumar. 2011. "Electrical conductivity and dielectric parameters of polyaniline doped with CuClO4· 4BN in aqueous DMSO solvent." Advances in Polymer Technology 31, no. 4: 374-379.

Original articles
Published: 04 December 2009 in Chemical Engineering Communications
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Ketazines are the azines of ketones with generic formula of R1R2C˭N‒N˭CR1R2. These are produced by a peroxide process commonly known as the ketazine process that involves oxidation of ammonia with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a ketone, as shown by the following chemical reaction: In the present studies, the formation of methyl ethyl ketazine has been carried out. The ketone in concern is methyl ethyl ketone (MEK). Methyl ethyl ketazine formation is a distinctive case of homogeneous catalyzed gas-liquid-liquid reaction. The effects of methyl ethyl ketone concentration on the yield of ketazine have been studied extensively. The yield of ketazine is found to be increased with increase in the methyl ethyl ketone to peroxide ratio. The desirable MEK-to-peroxide ratio was found to be 4.0.

ACS Style

Raminder Kaur; M. Ramakrishna; K. D. P. Nigam. EFFECT OF KETONE CONCENTRATION ON KETAZINE FORMATION. Chemical Engineering Communications 2009, 197, 481 -490.

AMA Style

Raminder Kaur, M. Ramakrishna, K. D. P. Nigam. EFFECT OF KETONE CONCENTRATION ON KETAZINE FORMATION. Chemical Engineering Communications. 2009; 197 (4):481-490.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Raminder Kaur; M. Ramakrishna; K. D. P. Nigam. 2009. "EFFECT OF KETONE CONCENTRATION ON KETAZINE FORMATION." Chemical Engineering Communications 197, no. 4: 481-490.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2008 in The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering
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ACS Style

Raminder Kaur; Ramakrishna Machiraju; K. D. P. Nigam. Kinetics studies of ketazine formation: Effect of temperature and catalyst concentration. The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 2008, 86, 99 -104.

AMA Style

Raminder Kaur, Ramakrishna Machiraju, K. D. P. Nigam. Kinetics studies of ketazine formation: Effect of temperature and catalyst concentration. The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering. 2008; 86 (1):99-104.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Raminder Kaur; Ramakrishna Machiraju; K. D. P. Nigam. 2008. "Kinetics studies of ketazine formation: Effect of temperature and catalyst concentration." The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 86, no. 1: 99-104.