Background: The growing use of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare necessitates understanding the perspectives of future practitioners. This study investigated the perceptions of German-speaking medical and dental students regarding the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in their future practices. Methods: A 28-item survey adapted from the AI in Healthcare Education Questionnaire (AIHEQ) and the Medical Student’s Attitude Toward AI in Medicine (MSATAIM) scale was administered to students in Austria, Germany, and Switzerland from April to July 2023. Participants were recruited through targeted advertisements on Facebook and Instagram and were required to be proficient in German and enrolled in medical or dental programs. The data analysis included descriptive statistics, correlations, t tests, and thematic analysis of the open-ended responses. Results: Of the 409 valid responses (mean age = 23.13 years), only 18.2% of the participants reported receiving formal training in AI. Significant positive correlations were found between self-reported tech-savviness and AI familiarity (r = 0.67) and between confidence in finding reliable AI information and positive attitudes toward AI (r = 0.72). While no significant difference in AI familiarity was found between medical and dental students, dental students exhibited slightly more positive attitudes toward the integration of AI into their future practices. Conclusion: This study underscores the need for comprehensive AI education in medical and dental curricula to address knowledge gaps and prepare future healthcare professionals for the ethical and effective integration of AI in practice.

Background: Chatbots, as dialog-based platforms, have the potential to transform health education and behavior-change interventions. Despite the growing use of chatbots, qualitative insights into user and provider experiences remain underexplored, particularly with respect to experiences and perceptions, adoption factors, and the role of theoretical frameworks in design. Objective: This systematic review of qualitative evidence aims to address three key research questions (RQs): (RQ1) user and provider experiences; (RQ2) facilitators and barriers to adoption; and (RQ3) role of theoretical frameworks. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and ScienceDirect from January 1, 2018, to October 1, 2023, for English- or German-language, peer-reviewed qualitative or mixed methods studies. Studies were included if they examined users’ or providers’ experiences with chatbots in health education or behavior-change contexts. Two reviewers independently screened titles, abstracts, and full texts (Cohen κ=0.82). We used the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for quality assessment and conducted a reflexive thematic analysis following Braun and Clarke’s framework. Results: Among the 1754 records identified, 27 studies from 10 countries met the inclusion criteria, encompassing 241 qualitative-only participants and 10,802 mixed method participants (657 contributing qualitative data). For RQ1, users emphasized empathy and emotional connection. For RQ2, accessibility and ease of use emerged as facilitators, whereas trust deficits, technical glitches, and cultural misalignment were key barriers. For RQ3, the integration of behavior-change theories emerged as underutilized despite their potential to increase motivation. Conclusions: Chatbots demonstrate strong potential for health education and behavior-change interventions but must address privacy and trust issues, embed robust theoretical underpinnings, and overcome adoption barriers to fully realize their impact. Future directions should include evaluations of cultural adaptability and rigorous ethical considerations in chatbot design.

This mixed-methods pilot study investigates the potential of large language models (LLMs), specifically ChatGPT 3.5, to assist communication and public relations students in improving academic writing, focusing on clarity, conciseness, and coherence—skills aligned with cognitive load theory. An analysis of 60 abstracts (30 student-drafted abstracts and 30 AI-augmented abstracts) through qualitative and quantitative methods revealed modest enhancements. Two blinded expert evaluators identified statistically significant improvements in clarity and conciseness (Evaluator 1: p = 0.0024; Evaluator 2: p = 0.0462), although evaluator variability highlighted assessment subjectivity. Without a control group, causal claims are limited, and training sessions may have enhanced students’ proficiency with ChatGPT, complicating attribution. The students perceived greater benefits (mean improvement = 1.2) than the evaluators confirmed (mean = 0.52), suggesting potential overconfidence. Risks, including overreliance on AI and threats to originality, underscore the need for ethical guidelines, such as critical evaluation training. Owing to its small, homogeneous sample size and short duration, this study lacks demographic diversity and longitudinal insight, thus necessitating broader, long-term research.

This literature review assesses the prospective implications and advantages of incorporating artificial intelligence (AI) within the healthcare infrastructure of Romania. By exploring the literature on AI applications in healthcare, the article aims to identify opportunities and challenges in adopting AI-driven technologies in the Romanian context. The review findings suggest that AI holds significant promise in improving the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment processes, while also presenting several ethical and logistical challenges. The article concludes with recommendations for future research and strategies to ensure the responsible implementation of AI technologies in the Romanian healthcare system.

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze variations in the sella turcica (ST) concerning its size, shape, and bridging, providing first reference values in Austrian individuals. Additionally, it assessed associations between these morphological and demographic parameters and their correlation with patients’ skeletal class. Methods: 208 lateral cephalometric radiographs (154 female, 54 male; age 8–58 years) from DPU Dental Clinic (Austria) were included. Size, skeletal class, shape, age, and gender of ST were tested for significance in correlation using, (M)ANOVA, and chi-square. Results: Linear dimensions of ST ranged from 11.1 to 12.9 mm across readers, with a standard deviation of 2.0–2.2 mm. Normal ST (49.76%) and round ST (58.77%) were the most frequent. ST bridging was detected in 6.97%. Skeletal class I appeared most frequently (54.8%). Statistical significance was observed between age, gender, and ST length, with further significant age effects on ST shape. Moreover, age showed significant modification of ST shape, while skeletal parameters appeared unaffected by other ST parameters. Conclusions: These preliminary findings define normal ST dimensions in an Austrian population, offering reference values for clinical interpretation and broadening the available European data. Clear associations between morphological and demographic parameters were detected. Additionally, these findings may contribute to diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in orthodontics and craniofacial pathology. Future studies employing cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) along a larger sample size could enhance the generalizability of these findings.

This review provides a literature examination of the effects of digital violence perception and sexual abuse on adolescents and minors. Using a literature review method, we explore how factors such as age, gender, and familial and educational environments shape young people's understanding of and reactions to violence, particularly in digital settings. The study also delves into the enduring impact of sexual abuse on the mental, physical, and sexual health of youth. Through a careful selection of 15 recent studies from academic databases that focused on the nexus between media violence and sexual abuse, we revealed the need for holistic educational and preventive approaches. These approaches should simultaneously address the complexities of digital violence and sexual abuse while emphasizing the importance of social support systems. Our findings advocate for further research in varied cultural settings to reinforce mental health safeguards and promote balanced development in young individuals.