This paper is devoted to the history of exploration of sintezed and natural gas hydrate. Academic, engineering and energy periods of the history of gas hydrates studies are described. The most significant researches in this area are described. The main practical projects in the world for the study and production of gas hydrates are reviewed.

The optimization of technological processes is vital for advancing scientific and technical progress in exploration activities, particularly in drilling operations. The integration of operating microprocessor equipment and automated management systems has opened up new opportunities for theoretical research in optimization processes and drillings. Control systems for drilling exploration wells on solid minerals enable real-time operation and data collection, processing, and diagnosis of equipment functionality. Optimization of technological processes using modern equipment aims to enhance production efficiency, improve quality, and reduce costs. Despite advancements in equipment, tools, and drilling technology, there are still significant opportunities for increasing productivity and improving technical and economic indicators in prospecting drilling. Optimization criteria vary depending on the objectives, with the maximum productivity often achieved by minimizing drilling time. The task of finding the maximum drilling speed per run involves optimizing parameters such as weight on bit, tool speed, and mud flow rate. A novel technique proposed in this study involves cyclic intra-run changes in speed per minute as the optimization criterion, rather than mechanical speed. The developed method is applicable to any rock cutting instrument and drilling method, with the optimization of drilling speed per run as a function of drilling time. The use of time and speed coefficients simplifies calculations and reveals regularities in the drilling process, contributing to the optimization of drilling operations.

The article is devoted to the study of important problem of influence of vibrations on drilling and drilling equipment. Vibration can adversely affect the condition of equipment, reducing its durability and productivity, as well as creating the risk of breakdowns and accidents for workers. Various vibration protection methods and technologies are considered, such as use of shock absorbers, vibration dampers, active control and intelligent control systems. The main attention is paid to methods of measurement and analysis of vibration spectrum, which allow to understand the nature of vibrations and to determine their main parameters. This helps to establish criteria for evaluating the level of vibration for drilling equipment and to make necessary protection decisions. Application of modern technologies and innovative approaches, such as the use of intelligent control and management systems, allows to achieve better results and reduce the impact of vibrations on drilling and drilling equipment. In general, the implementation of vibration protection systems in drilling is an important step in improving the quality and safety of work, saving equipment and reducing maintenance costs. The use of modern technologies and innovative approaches helps to achieve optimal drilling productivity and efficiency, which is a key success factor in well drilling.

In the Republic of Kazakhstan, there is a noticeable shortage of water resources, which is a consequence of the natural features of its territory and climate. In particular, there are big problems in the water supply to the Mangystau region. The main source of water in the region is the Samskoye groundwater field. In this work, the conditions of the Samskoye field are typified, the method and technological parameters for drilling a typical well are selected and substantiated. It has been established that rotary drilling with reverse circulation in the conditions of the Samskoye field has significant advantages. The maximum possible production rate of drilling with reverse circulation, taking into account the limited thickness of the aquifer, is 4.3 times higher than with rotary drilling with direct circulation and 2.5 times higher than with percussion drilling. With the same filter pipe diameter, the greatest possible thickness of the gravel pack layer in reverse circulation drilling is 15 times greater than for conventional rotary drilling and 3.7 times greater than for percussion drilling. Thus, the use of rotary drilling with reverse circulation will solve an important problem – the provision of domestic and drinking water supply to the area.

Revolutionizing geology with AI: enhancing predictions, optimizing drilling, reducing costs, improving safety, and fostering secure, human-oriented innovation.

In the process of drilling deep wells, hoisting operations are, although unproductive, a necessary expenditure of working time and occupy 25-60% of the total time of well construction. In the case of major repair of wells, this share can be even higher. It is clear that the technical and economic indicators of drilling and capital repair of wells largely depend on the speed of execution of hoisting operations. Existing technologies and time standards for their implementation are outdated and do not take into account the current state of technology development. The article deals with the issue of optimization of the rationing of time for the execution of hoisting operations during drilling and capital repair of oil and gas wells. This problem is solved using the example of the TW-125 CA A6 well overhaul installation, which are used during overhaul of wells by branches of JSC “Ukrgazvydobuvannya”. With the help of the kinematic scheme of the installation, the rotation speeds of the winch shaft at each gear of the gearbox were determined, which made it possible to determine the optimal time for performing hoisting operations, and, as a result, to reduce the time spent on drilling, depending on the type of rock, in general.