This study aimed to make a simulation of the internal environment of an installations for coffee post-harvest and a parabolic solar dryer, specifically analyzing the effect of natural ventilation on the temperature and relative humidity inside these buildings. The ventilated coffee-processing plant and the solar dryer with the largest natural ventilation area showed the best results to preserve the quality of coffee grain.

Environmental sound and animal vocalizations provide non-invasive information for welfare assessment in livestock systems. This systematic review surveys their application in beef and dairy cattle, poultry, and swine, with a focus on environmental noise, vocalizations and the characterization of acoustic sources. Searches in Scopus and Web of Science followed PRISMA guidance and the PICO framework. After applying strict criteria that required peer-reviewed experimental studies in English, quantifiable acoustic data, and clear descriptions of measurement procedures, the review included 36 studies. Four approaches recur: vocalizations as welfare indicators; characterization of acoustic sources; combined analyses of vocalizations and sources; and evaluation of animal responses to acoustic stimuli. Recent work reports advances in recording equipment, signal processing, and precision livestock tools. Important challenges remain, including heterogeneous acoustic metrics, limited physiological validation, and difficulties applying models under commercial conditions. Overall, the evidence supports sound as a candidate for real-time monitoring and highlights the need for accessible, standardized methods. The findings provide a basis for future research and practical applications in welfare assessment.

The aim of this study was to use computational fluids dynamics (CFD) to evaluate hygiene and comfort conditions in function of temperature level and ammonia (NH₃) concentration during the night in commercial poultry houses used in Brazil and countries with tropical and subtropical climates. Four models with different curtain heights and different air inlet and outlet positions were used, adopting the open building typology without thermal insulation. The validated CFD model did not present statistical differences from the experimental data, making it possible to use this model to predict the behavior in the four proposed cases. This model can be used to improve the internal conditions of the poultry facilities during the night and could be an important tool to reduce energy consumption and generate better conditions for animal production of chicks over 21 days old.

RESUMEN Los pollos de engorde durante la primera fase deben estar protegidos del estrés por frio, especialmente en el inverno, noches y madrugadas frías. Para proteger a los animales, los avicultores han utilizado diferentes estrategias, entre ellas está el uso de varias capas de cortinas para aumentar el nivel de aislamiento térmico y disminuir las pérdidas de calor, disminuyendo también la permeabilidad con el aire externo. En este contexto, es importante dar especial atención a la calidad del aire interno de los galpones avícolas como parte de una producción bajo parámetros de bienestar animal. El presente estudio fue realizado en el municipio de Barbacena, MG, en Brasil, y tuvo como objetivo evaluar la calidad del aire al nivel de los pollos y los trabajadores, específicamente de las concentraciones de amoniaco, dióxido de carbono y monóxido de carbono, en un galpón avícola naturalmente ventilado durante la primera fase de vida de pollos de engorde en el período de inverno, y la influencia del nivel de aislamiento con cortinas laterales sobre las concentraciones de amoniaco. Durante la primera semana experimental, los niveles de amoniaco sobrepasaron los valores aceptables, y se encontró diferencia estadística entre las concentraciones de amoniaco para los diferentes niveles de aislamiento con cortinas laterales.

This study aimed to compare the bioclimate and energy consumption of two coffee wet processing facilities in Colombia, with two typical types of Colombian coffee, using computer simulation. Specifically, we evaluated the effect of the heat generated by machines and the effect of the natural ventilation area on temperature and relative air humidity inside these buildings and their energy consumption. The postharvest plant with typology b gave the best results in terms of temperature and relative humidity suitable to preserve the quality of the coffee bean. Its approximate energy consumption was 30% of the total consumed by typology a.