This study presents and pilot-tests the Biomimetic Design Education Framework, a structured pedagogical model developed to systematize the translation of biological knowledge into furniture design within studio-based educational contexts. Positioned as a pilot implementation, the study introduces the Biomimetic Transfer Matrix as an accompanying analytical tool for assessing the depth of biological knowledge integration in student design work. It is based on 18 student projects developed during a furniture design course, assessed through qualitative content analysis. The projects were evaluated according to four types of biomimetic transfer: formal, structural, mechanical, and functional/behavioral. Results reveal that structural transfer was the most prevalent category (38.9%), followed by functional/behavioral transfer (33.3%), formal transfer (16.7%), and mechanical transfer (11.1%). This distribution indicates that structured pedagogical guidance can successfully direct students beyond surface-level morphological imitation toward deeper principle-based biological abstraction, while also identifying mechanical and system-based transfer as areas requiring targeted curricular development. On this basis, the study presents the Biomimetic Design Education Framework and introduces the Biomimetic Transfer Matrix as an analytical tool for examining different levels of biomimetic knowledge transfer in design. Results underline the importance of structured approaches to support deeper levels of biological abstraction in design education. The findings contribute to SDG 4 (Quality Education) by advancing evidence-based approaches to biomimetic design instruction.

This study examines how Starbucks, as a global brand, employs glocalization strategies in its interior design by incorporating local architectural elements into standardized global formats. The primary objective is to analyze how local and global elements are integrated into the design of the second-wave coffee shops, a globally recognized brand, and to evaluate the balance between these elements from a design perspective. To achieve this, six Starbucks stores, selected as the sample for the current study, located in the EMEA (Europe, Middle East, and Africa), Asia-Pacific, and Japan regions were examined. The research focused on key interior design components, including vertical structural elements, flooring, ceiling features, openings, furniture, and decorative details, assessing them within the framework of local and global characteristics. A qualitative research approach was adopted, employing content analysis to systematically evaluate the selected stores. The originality of this study lies in its structured examination of how glocalization strategies manifest in interior spaces through regional variations. The findings reveal that local elements such as ceiling types, materials, and seating styles were consistently integrated to reflect regional identities, while standardized lighting and furniture layouts preserved the brand's global coherence. Thus, the findings show that integrating local motifs into spatial design enables global brands to establish a meaningful connection with the local cultural context while maintaining their global identity. This balance not only enhances user experience but also reinforces brand identity through culturally resonant spaces. Overall, the research underscores the significance of preserving cultural codes in interior design as a means of fostering commercial success for global brands. By offering a framework for incorporating glocalization strategies in spatial design, this study provides valuable insights for designers and brands aiming to achieve cultural sustainability while maintaining a strong global presence.

The current study investigates the intersection of biomimicry, a design approach inspired by nature, and artificial intelligence, a product of technological innovation. Biomimicry offers solutions by drawing from biological mechanisms to address design challenges, allowing designers to create efficient materials and solutions. Designers using this approach apply insights from studying organisms and natural processes, but conventional computer-aided design software is limited in translating complex biological forms into practical applications. Artificial intelligence (AI)-supported design tools, however, overcome these constraints and provide designers with greater creative freedom. Although studies have brought together the biomimicry approach and furniture design, few studies in English literature systematically analyze the impact of AI-supported software on biomimicry-based furniture design processes. The present research aims to highlight the significance of AI software in facilitating the creation of nature-inspired designs by making the design process more adaptable and innovative. Through a comparative analysis of furniture designs generated with various AI visualization tools, this research examines differences in material use, aesthetic quality, and incorporation of technological advancements. The findings reveal that furniture designs created with AI-supported tools demonstrate notable variations in terms of material efficiency, visual appeal, and representation of contemporary technological trends, emphasizing AI's pivotal role in advancing the field of biomimicry furniture design.

Bu çalışma, Geç Osmanlı ve Erken Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nde Türk ressamlar tarafındanüretilen portre ve iç mekân temsillerinde yer alan oturma elemanlarını, biçimsel, kültürel vesimgesel açıdan incelemeyi konu almaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı, sanat eserlerinde betimlenenmobilyalar aracılığıyla, söz konusu dönemdeki yaşam biçimleri, sınıfsal ayrımları,estetik anlayışı ve modernleşme sürecini anlamaya yönelik kültürel kodları çözümlemektir.Bu doğrultuda, Türk resim sanatında modernleşme sürecine doğrudan katkı sunan üç kuşağıtemsil eden Halil Paşa, Namık İsmail, İbrahim Çallı ve Şeref Akdik gibi sanatçıların1899–1960 yılları arasında ürettikleri dokuz tablo, amaçlı örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilerekgöstergebilimsel çözümleme modeli ile düz-anlam ve yan-anlam düzeylerinde analiz edilmiştir.Analizler, oturma elemanlarının biçimi, malzemesi, renkleri ve mekândaki konumlandırılmasının;dönemin sosyal statü ve estetik anlayışı, kültürel modernleşme süreciyledoğrudan ilişkili olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Sedir ve divan gibi geleneksel mobilyalarınkolektif yaşama; koltuk ve kanepe gibi Batı kökenli hareketli mobilyaların ise bireyselleşmeve toplumsal değişim sürecine işaret ettiği tespit edilmiştir. Özellikle kadın figürlerin bumobilyalarla kurduğu ilişkiler, ev içindeki yeni rollerini, modernleşme sürecindeki temsillerinive kazandıkları bireysel kimliği yansıtmaktadır. Çalışma, oturma elemanlarının Türk resim sanatındaki temsilleri üzerinden kültürel kodları çözümleyerek mobilya tarihi ilesanat tarihi arasında disiplinler arası bir bağ kurmakta ve literatürdeki önemli bir boşluğuözgün bir yaklaşımla doldurmaktadır.

Daylight performance in architectural spaces is influenced not only by latitude but also by local climatic conditions. However, comparative studies examining daylight characteristics in similar architectural spaces located at the same latitude but in different climatic regions remain limited. This study investigates how climatic variations influence daylight performance in glass-covered passages located in cities situated at approximately the same latitude. A descriptive comparative research approach supported by daylight simulation analysis was employed. A standardized glass-covered passage model was analysed using VELUX Daylight Visualizer software for the cities of Rome, Barcelona, and Istanbul. Simulations were conducted at three different times of the day (09:00, 12:00, and 15:00) during four representative months (January, April, July, and October). The numerical results indicate that the highest illuminance levels were observed in July at 12:00, reaching values above 3000 lux on ceiling surfaces, while the lowest values occurred during winter months with higher cloud cover. The findings demonstrate that even in cities located at the same latitude, daylight performance varies significantly depending on climatic factors such as cloud cover, sunshine duration, and seasonal atmospheric conditions. The study contributes to daylight-oriented architectural design by highlighting the importance of integrating regional climatic parameters into daylight performance evaluations of glass-covered transitional spaces.

The current study examines spatial perception in digital experience museums and exhibitions from the user's perspective. The analyses conducted on the cases, "Ephesus Experience Museum," "IMM Digital Experience Museum," and "Kandinsky: Journey of the Blue Rider Digital Exhibition", address the sensory factors that influence the perception of space through a holistic approach. Evaluations on color, light, texture and material, form and shape, scale and proportion, temperature, sound, and smell demonstrate that digital exhibitions, unlike traditional museum spaces, offer a multisensory experience. The findings reveal that digital projections, holograms, and interactive technologies redefine spatial boundaries, creating an immersive experience where visual, auditory, and cognitive stimuli converge. Digital experience spaces transform visitors from passive spectators into active participants, shaping spatial perception on individual, cultural, and sensory levels. Consequently, digital museums/exhibitions are considered aesthetic tools for transmitting contemporary art and cultural heritage and user-oriented perceptual experience environments. This study highlights the innovations brought by digitalization to the spatial perception dimension of museology and exhibition design, contributing to future research in the field.