The feeling of emotional tension, restlessness, pressure, and inability to relax is referred to as psychological stress. Although it is unclear how psychological stress affects neurobiological processes, several factors are thought to be involved, including central and peripheral neuroinflammation, structural degeneration in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, alterations in fear neurocircuitry, and neuroplasticity. Aside from data relating cognitive impairment to chronic low-grade inflammatory stress, there is growing evidence linking mental stress, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation to the development of psychological disorders. After chronic and acute illnesses, insomnia, depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, and cognitive impairment were reported. Cognitive impairment is exacerbated by systemic and central inflammatory processes. There is uncertainty about the potential mechanisms causing these symptoms, although they are likely complex, with systemic inflammation playing a significant role. Therefore, this review aims to investigate the role of inflammation in stress-induced cognitive impairment. Depicting the inflammatory mechanisms of cognitive impairment is critical for understanding and treating illnesses, such as chronic stress exposure and anxiety disorders.

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı bipolar bozukluk, şizofreni ve diğer psikozlar gibi psikiyatrik hastalıklarda; azalmış içgörü, tedavi uyumsuzluğu, işlevsellik ve yaşam kalitesi üzerinde Toplum Ruh Sağlığı Merkezleri (TRSM)’nin etkilerini belirlemektirGereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya daha önce TRSM hizmetlerinden faydalanmayan 88 hasta ile en az 6 ay faydalanmış olan 88 hasta dahil edilmiştir. Hastalar Klinik Global İzlem ölçeği, Tıbbi Tedaviye Uyum Oranı Ölçeği, Genel İşlevsellik Değerlendirmesi Ölçeği, Pozitif ve Negatif Sendrom Ölçeği, Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği, İçgörünün Üç Bileşenini Değerlendirme Ölçeği ve Şizofreni Hastalarında İşlevsel İyileşme Ölçeği ile değerlendirilerek karşılaştırılmıştır.Bulgular: 112’si (63,64%) erkek, 64’ü (36,36%) kadın toplam 176 hastalanın klinik değerlendirmeleri sonucunda TRSM hizmeti alan grubun ortalama klinik değerlendirme ölçek puanları, TRSM hizmeti almayan hastalarla karşılaştırıldı. Yapılan tüm değerlendirme testleri arasında her iki grup arasında anlamlı farklılık vardı.Sonuç: TRSM'de verilen hizmetler sayesinde hastaların içgörü, yaşam kalitesi, genel ve sosyal işlevselliğinin belirgin olarak arttığı; hastalık belirtilerinin ise önemli oranda azaldığı gözlendi. Bu çalışma, kronik ruhsal sağlık sorunları olan yetişkinlerde bütüncül bakım kalitesinde iyileşme sağlamak için TRSM’de verilen birincil hizmetlerin yeteneği ile ilgili yeni kanıtlar sunmaktadır

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between childhood trauma and aggression-suicidal behavior in patients with bipolar disorder. Material and Methods: A total of 112 outpatients diagnosed with bipolar disorder in remission in the province of Siirt on the east coast of Turkey were included in this study carried out between January and June 2018. Personal Information Form, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Buss–Perry Aggression Scale (BPAS) and Suicide Probability Scale (SPS) were used for data acquisition. Results: It was determined that patients with bipolar disorder have 89.3% of physical neglect, 74.1% of emotional neglect, 75.9% of physical abuse, 79.5% of emotional abuse and 40.2% of sexual abuse. The mean score of CTQ was 66.8 ± 19.2, the total score of BPAS was 94.6 ± 28.8 and the total score of SPS was 85.3 ± 17.9. A statistically significant and positive correlation was determined between CTQ, BPAS and SPS (p < 0.05). There was a weak and positive relationship between BPAS, CTQ (r = 0.325**; p < 0.05) and subscales of CTQ which are emotional abuse (r = 0.350**; p < 0.05), physical abuse (r = 0.354**; p < 0.01), physical neglect (r = 0.313**; p < 0.01) and emotional neglect (r = 0.316**; p < 0.01). A statistically significant difference was observed between the regular use of drugs, violence against others and total score of CTQ, BPAS and SPS (p < 0.05). Conclusion: It is suggested that patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder should be evaluated with regards to childhood trauma history by taking into consideration sociodemographic characteristics and psychiatric support in order to prevent their aggression and suicide attempts.

Lymphocyte,methamphetamine,neutrophil,platelet,substance

Objective: Substance use and addiction are an increasing problem worldwide. Knowledge of the frequency and features of substance use contribute to ascertaining the addiction trends in a country, region or city, taking precautions for drug use, establishing policies on treatment and rehabilitation, and determining patient needs. Methods: The files of individuals who were hospitalized in the Gaziantep Alcohol and Substance Addictions Treatment Center (AMATEM) Clinic between 01.01.2019 and 31.12.2019 were examined retrospectively. The SPSS 22.0 program was used in statistical analyses of patient data. Results: This study included 694 patients, where 670 of whom were male (96.5%) and 24 were female (3.5%). Considering the diagnoses of the patients, opioid use disorder and amphetamine/methamphetamine use disorder were the most common diagnoses at 47.1% and 13%, respectively. A statistically significant difference was found between the diagnostic groups in terms of age, educational status, occupation, whether there was any suicide attempts, and treatment outcomes (p value for all <0.05). Conclusions: Our study is the first study conducted in the Gaziantep AMATEM Clinic, which is the only inpatient drug and alcohol center in the Southeastern Anatolia region. Our findings showed that alcohol/substance use is a dynamic problem that negatively affects many areas of life including work and education life, and family and social relationships.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the relationship between treatment motivation and attachment styles, emotion regulation difficulties, mindful attention levels of patients diagnosed with Substance Use Disorders (SUD). Methods: The descriptive and cross-sectional study population is comprised of 182 patients diagnosed with SUD. Experiences assessed according to the Close Relations Inventory II (ECRI-II), Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale (DERS), Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), and Treatment Motivations Questionnaire (TMQ) were used for data acquisition. Results: There was a negative correlation between ECRI and TMQ total score mean (r: −0.26, p < .001). Although there was no significant relationship between MAAS and total TMQ, there was a positive correlation between MAAS and treatment confidence subscale of TMQ (0.15, p < .05). The increases in the total of the ECRI related to the increase in DERS, and this was indirectly related to the increase in the TMQ total. Conclusion: Treatment motivation in patients with SUD is negatively correlated with avoidant attachment style and positively with anxious attachment style. As mindful attention increases, confidence in treatment increases. Insecure attachment related to the increase in difficulties in emotion regulation, and this was indirectly related to the increase in the treatment motivation.