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Professor Lech Czarnecki (PhD, D.Sc.) is a well-known scientist and internationally renowned expert in building materials engineering. He is the Scientific Secretary of Building Research Institute in Warsaw, Poland. He was the President of International Congress on Polymers in Concrete, ICPIC (2006 – 2013), formerly he was the Vice President of ICPIC from 2001 to 2006. He has also been a member of Board of Directors since 1992. He is a senior member of RILEM since 1992. From 1972 to 2011 he was the Head of the Building Materials Engineering Department of Warsaw University of Technology and Vice–Rector for Academic Affairs (2000 –2006). His research interest include construction, concrete durability, sustainable concrete-polymer composites, concrete repair, concrete carbonation. Lech Czarnecki was awarded: – as an outstanding Reviewwriter for Elsevier Journal, 2014; – “for eminent activities in new frontiers of building materials engineering” by the Society of Materials Engineering for Resources in Japan in 2009; – “for distinguished service and leadership in the field of polymers in concrete” by the Owen Nutt Award in 2004. According to the Google Scholar his publications have been cited more than 2400 times and his h-index is 23. He is the author or co-author of more than 200 scientific and technical papers, as well as many research project reports and 38 patents.
The repairs of building structures are inevitable and indispensable. Repairs are used to restore or maintain the usability of existing facilities, often contributing to the extension of their expected service life, increasing the sustainability of building resources. Given that conservation rules are observed, repairs are also used to save monuments. The concept of repair durability brings to the foreground the durability of the repaired structure (after repair): what service life has been obtained/recovered as a result of the repair. Based on the available data (limited set), a generalised distribution function of repair durability was developed, with a disappointing course. This, however, applies (necessarily) to the past. Significant progress was shown to have been achieved in the theoretical and technical fundamentals of technical repair measures. In this situation, a prognostic distribution function was also designed for future repairs according to EN 1504. A rule of thumb called estimating concrete repair durability, CRD was proposed. The risk associated with estimating the durability of repairs was indicated. A reason for optimism is that proactive monitoring of the condition of the structure and, consequently, management of the repair strategy allows to reach the designed life of the structure.
Lech Czarnecki; Robert Geryło; Krzysztof Kuczyński. Concrete Repair Durability. Materials 2020, 13, 4535 .
AMA StyleLech Czarnecki, Robert Geryło, Krzysztof Kuczyński. Concrete Repair Durability. Materials. 2020; 13 (20):4535.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLech Czarnecki; Robert Geryło; Krzysztof Kuczyński. 2020. "Concrete Repair Durability." Materials 13, no. 20: 4535.
This article provides a new paradigm of concrete surface morphology and discusses the fundamental definitions of concrete surface metrology. The basic phenomena of the morphology of concrete are discussed. It also presents a synthetic description of widespread metrological methods used for characterizing the morphology of concrete surfaces. The critical analysis lists the advantages and weaknesses of the described methods. The classification and definitions of parameters useful for describing the morphology of surfaces is also presented. This classification particularly includes three-dimensional parameters (height, spatial, hybrid parameters, functions and related parameters, as well as miscellaneous parameters), which are also discussed in the context of concrete surfaces. The application of surface morphology methods in concrete has been widely investigated over the past decades. For this purpose, the selected examples of applications of the discussed methods and parameters for the measurement of the morphology of concrete surfaces are also specified.
Łukasz Sadowski; Jerzy Hoła; Lech Czarnecki; Thomas G. Mathia. New paradigm in the metrology of concrete surface morphology: Methods, parameters and applications. Measurement 2020, 169, 108497 .
AMA StyleŁukasz Sadowski, Jerzy Hoła, Lech Czarnecki, Thomas G. Mathia. New paradigm in the metrology of concrete surface morphology: Methods, parameters and applications. Measurement. 2020; 169 ():108497.
Chicago/Turabian StyleŁukasz Sadowski; Jerzy Hoła; Lech Czarnecki; Thomas G. Mathia. 2020. "New paradigm in the metrology of concrete surface morphology: Methods, parameters and applications." Measurement 169, no. : 108497.
The laboratory testing of the construction materials and elements is a subset of activities inherent in sustainable building materials engineering. Two questions arise regarding test methods used: the relation between test results and material behavior in actual conditions on the one hand, and the variability of results related to uncertainty on the other. The paper presents the analysis of the results and uncertainties of the simple two independent test examples (bond strength and tensile strength) in order to demonstrate discrepancies related to the ambiguous methods of estimating uncertainty and the consequences of using test methods when method suitability for conformity assessment has not been properly verified. Examples are the basis for opening discussion on the test methods development direction, which makes possible to consider them as ‘sustainable’. The authors address the negative impact of the lack of a complete test models taking into account proceeding with an uncertainty on erroneous assessment risks. Adverse effects can be minimized by creating test methods appropriate for the test’s purpose (e.g., initial or routine tests) and handling with uncontrolled uncertainty components. Sustainable test methods should ensure a balance between widely defined tests and evaluation costs and the material’s or building’s safety, reliability, and stability.
Ewa Szewczak; Agnieszka Winkler-Skalna; Lech Czarnecki. Sustainable Test Methods for Construction Materials and Elements. Materials 2020, 13, 606 .
AMA StyleEwa Szewczak, Agnieszka Winkler-Skalna, Lech Czarnecki. Sustainable Test Methods for Construction Materials and Elements. Materials. 2020; 13 (3):606.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEwa Szewczak; Agnieszka Winkler-Skalna; Lech Czarnecki. 2020. "Sustainable Test Methods for Construction Materials and Elements." Materials 13, no. 3: 606.
Lech Czarnecki. Is nanotechnology an efficient tool in eco-construction? Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A 2019, 20, 380 -381.
AMA StyleLech Czarnecki. Is nanotechnology an efficient tool in eco-construction? Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A. 2019; 20 (5):380-381.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLech Czarnecki. 2019. "Is nanotechnology an efficient tool in eco-construction?" Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A 20, no. 5: 380-381.
Lech Czarnecki. Would recycled plastics be a driving force in concrete technology? Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A 2019, 20, 384 -388.
AMA StyleLech Czarnecki. Would recycled plastics be a driving force in concrete technology? Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A. 2019; 20 (5):384-388.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLech Czarnecki. 2019. "Would recycled plastics be a driving force in concrete technology?" Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A 20, no. 5: 384-388.
Active fire protection systems are critical elements of good process safety. Among them, gaseous extinguishing systems provide quick, clean suppression and prolonged protection due to long retention process of the gas. Standard design methods do not provide sufficient tools for optimisation of the retention process, thus the necessity for development and validation of new tools and methods—such as Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations. This paper presents a simplified approach to CFD modelling, by the omission of the discharge phase of the gas system. As the flow field after discharge is stable and driven mainly by the hydrostatic pressure difference, buoyancy and diffusion, this simplified approach appears as an efficient and cost-effective approach. This hypothesis was tested through performing CFD simulations, and their comparison against experimental measurements in a bench scale in a small compartment (0.72 m3), for six mixtures that differ in their density. Modelling the retention of the standard IG55 mixture was very close to the experiment. Modelling of mixtures with a density close to the density of ambient air has proven to be a challenge. However, the obtained results had sufficient accuracy (in most cases relative error
Sylwia Boroń; Wojciech Węgrzyński; Przemysław Kubica; Lech Czarnecki. Numerical Modelling of the Fire Extinguishing Gas Retention in Small Compartments. Applied Sciences 2019, 9, 663 .
AMA StyleSylwia Boroń, Wojciech Węgrzyński, Przemysław Kubica, Lech Czarnecki. Numerical Modelling of the Fire Extinguishing Gas Retention in Small Compartments. Applied Sciences. 2019; 9 (4):663.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSylwia Boroń; Wojciech Węgrzyński; Przemysław Kubica; Lech Czarnecki. 2019. "Numerical Modelling of the Fire Extinguishing Gas Retention in Small Compartments." Applied Sciences 9, no. 4: 663.
In less than one century concrete has become the most widely used construction material over the world. In less than half of century it is difficult to imagine a concrete totally without polymers. An implantation of polymers into concrete has taken effect in the form of Concrete Polymer Composite: C-PC. Since then (1975) the development of new concrete classes have been ongoing: C-PC = PMC + PCC + PI + PC, where PMC Polymer Modified Concrete (polymer cont. < 1% concrete mass); PCC Polymer Cement Concrete (> 1% concrete mass); PIC Polymer Impregnated Concrete (3-8% concrete mass), PC Polymer Concrete (8-12% concrete mass). Over the time the role of polymers have been extended and it is covered by polymer with additional preposition: polymers on concrete (overlays, coatings, waterproofing and bounding materials). All those polymer composites have been found irreplaceable application in concrete repairing industry. It is enough to say that in ten parts of the European Standards, EN 1504, the category “polymer” can be found 73 times, and that is a proof of the big significance of this material in the repairs and protection of concrete. Just for comparison reason, the term “cement” appears only 59 times in all parts of the EN 1504. Indeed, if repaired concrete is higher class then repairing material should content more polymer. The justification belongs to the adhesion, which is a fundamental challenge for concrete repair. But also short time to exploitation readiness and many others polymer composites advantages are taken into consideration. In the paper the question: how polymers enhance concrete repair performance? is discussed. The repair rules and methods versus polymer repair materials will be considered.
Lech Czarnecki. Polymer-Concrete Composites for the repair of concrete structures. MATEC Web of Conferences 2018, 199, 01006 .
AMA StyleLech Czarnecki. Polymer-Concrete Composites for the repair of concrete structures. MATEC Web of Conferences. 2018; 199 ():01006.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLech Czarnecki. 2018. "Polymer-Concrete Composites for the repair of concrete structures." MATEC Web of Conferences 199, no. : 01006.
Recent findings on microstructure formation in polymer-cement concrete are presented. There is strong evidence that interactions between polymers and cement minerals are not only of physical nature but also of chemical nature. Chemical interactions and bonds are nanoscale phenomena. They can increase adhesion between phases and improve mechanical and physical properties of the composite material. The combination of polymers with cement concrete only dates back to the beginning of the twentieth century. However, natural polymers were already used in ancient times to enhance the properties and durability of plasters, mortars, and concretes. Analysis of the composition of ancient binders and mortars with proven durability reveals the hardening activation methods. These methods are applied to improve the hydration mechanisms of pozzolans and industrial by-products to develop more sustainable binders for construction industry.
Dionys Van Gemert; Lech Czarnecki; Ru Wang; Özlem Cizer. Contribution of Concrete-Polymer Composites and Ancient Mortar Technology to Sustainable Construction. International Congress on Polymers in Concrete (ICPIC 2018) 2018, 299 -305.
AMA StyleDionys Van Gemert, Lech Czarnecki, Ru Wang, Özlem Cizer. Contribution of Concrete-Polymer Composites and Ancient Mortar Technology to Sustainable Construction. International Congress on Polymers in Concrete (ICPIC 2018). 2018; ():299-305.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDionys Van Gemert; Lech Czarnecki; Ru Wang; Özlem Cizer. 2018. "Contribution of Concrete-Polymer Composites and Ancient Mortar Technology to Sustainable Construction." International Congress on Polymers in Concrete (ICPIC 2018) , no. : 299-305.
In less than one century, concrete has become the most widely used construction material worldwide. Today it is difficult to imagine a concrete totally without polymers. An implantation of polymers into concrete has taken effect in the form of concrete-polymer composite [C-PC = PMC + PCC + PIC + PC]. On the way of C-PC development, several milestones are recognized and discussed here with particular emphasis on innovative milestones that shaped the use of polymers in concrete. As the difference between polymer-cement concrete and ordinary concrete diminishes, the question: “Are polymers still driving forces in concrete technology?” arises. This question is about the future of the concrete technology. The authors consider various optional answers. One of the most promising options seems to be that the routes of nanotechnology and the organic-inorganic chemically bound composites will open the gate for the development of a new generation of sustainable polymer. The new polymer concrete will have superior performance characteristics that will enable its use for 3D-printed sustainable concrete structures.
Lech Czarnecki; Mahmoud Reda Taha; Ru Wang. Are Polymers Still Driving Forces in Concrete Technology? International Congress on Polymers in Concrete (ICPIC 2018) 2018, 219 -225.
AMA StyleLech Czarnecki, Mahmoud Reda Taha, Ru Wang. Are Polymers Still Driving Forces in Concrete Technology? International Congress on Polymers in Concrete (ICPIC 2018). 2018; ():219-225.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLech Czarnecki; Mahmoud Reda Taha; Ru Wang. 2018. "Are Polymers Still Driving Forces in Concrete Technology?" International Congress on Polymers in Concrete (ICPIC 2018) , no. : 219-225.
L. Czarnecki; D. Van Gemert. Civil Engineering – Ongoing Technical Research. Part 2. Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences 2017, 65, 761 -763.
AMA StyleL. Czarnecki, D. Van Gemert. Civil Engineering – Ongoing Technical Research. Part 2. Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences. 2017; 65 (6):761-763.
Chicago/Turabian StyleL. Czarnecki; D. Van Gemert. 2017. "Civil Engineering – Ongoing Technical Research. Part 2." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences 65, no. 6: 761-763.
Innovation in construction is presented as a necessary aspect in the answer that the construction industry must provide to solve its negative impact on the environment. Original and innovative research is only part of the work to be accomplished. More important is the implementation of innovation in practice, where traditions are strongly rooted in society, and safety and long term reliability are required. Lessons from nature and study of durable examples handed down from the pasts serve as guidelines to innovative approaches that contribute to sustainability.
L. Czarnecki; D. Van Gemert. Innovation in construction materials engineering versus sustainable development. Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences 2017, 65, 765 -771.
AMA StyleL. Czarnecki, D. Van Gemert. Innovation in construction materials engineering versus sustainable development. Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences. 2017; 65 (6):765-771.
Chicago/Turabian StyleL. Czarnecki; D. Van Gemert. 2017. "Innovation in construction materials engineering versus sustainable development." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences 65, no. 6: 765-771.
The research assesses the effect of selected type II additives on concrete carbonation. Siliceous fly ash, FASi, is used as a cement component or cement replacement in concrete; ground granulated blast furnace slag, GGBS, is used as a cement component; fluidised bed fly ash, FFACa, is used as a cement replacement; calcareous fly ash, FACa, is used as a fine aggregate replacement; and, silica fume, SF, is used as a cement or fine aggregate replacement. The results show that waste mineral additives increase the depth and rate of carbonation, while extending water curing time increases the resistance to carbonation of concrete containing additives, significantly in GGBS cement and concretes with w/c ratio above 0.35. The results show that in the case of concrete with mineral additives, such as ash and slag, the course of the initial water curing of concrete is a very important factor influencing resistance to carbonation. The application of waste mineral additives to concrete should include the lowest possible w/c ratio and the lengthiest possible water curing, immediately after the commencement of construction activity.
Lech Czarnecki; Piotr P. Woyciechowski; Grzegorz Adamczewski. Risk of concrete carbonation with mineral industrial by-products. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering 2017, 22, 755 -764.
AMA StyleLech Czarnecki, Piotr P. Woyciechowski, Grzegorz Adamczewski. Risk of concrete carbonation with mineral industrial by-products. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering. 2017; 22 (2):755-764.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLech Czarnecki; Piotr P. Woyciechowski; Grzegorz Adamczewski. 2017. "Risk of concrete carbonation with mineral industrial by-products." KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering 22, no. 2: 755-764.
L. Czarnecki; D. Van Gemert. Civil Engineering – Ongoing Technical Research. Part I. Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences 2016, 64, 661 -663.
AMA StyleL. Czarnecki, D. Van Gemert. Civil Engineering – Ongoing Technical Research. Part I. Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences. 2016; 64 (4):661-663.
Chicago/Turabian StyleL. Czarnecki; D. Van Gemert. 2016. "Civil Engineering – Ongoing Technical Research. Part I." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences 64, no. 4: 661-663.
Science and engineering intermingle in the area of construction. Engineering works, often of great dimensions and design life cycle of many decades, have to be designed on a scientific basis since the safety of hundreds of users depends on their design. The task of scientific institutions is to define the construction performance within categories that correspond to the contemporary level of knowledge and technology. A construction appraiser who speaks out in a way that ensures unquestionable competence about the performance of elements and buildings (existing and under construction), should be convinced of the scientific basis of his opinions. A comparison of construction sections vs. basic requirements presents an archetype of the science of construction. A matrix of the science of construction reveals its multi-faceted nature; if related to time – the issue of durability has to be considered, and if related to the scale – the complexity. Defining the construction performance in terms of technical features is a constant search for a relationship between the material model and the usability model of a building. The construction industry uses a lot of “rules of thumb”, more than any other sector of technology. In the era of computer-aided design, CAD, and building information modelling (BIM), those rules of thumb remain invaluable verification tools.
L. Czarnecki; D. Van Gemert. Scientific basis and rules of thumb in civil engineering: conflict or harmony? Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences 2016, 64, 665 -673.
AMA StyleL. Czarnecki, D. Van Gemert. Scientific basis and rules of thumb in civil engineering: conflict or harmony? Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences. 2016; 64 (4):665-673.
Chicago/Turabian StyleL. Czarnecki; D. Van Gemert. 2016. "Scientific basis and rules of thumb in civil engineering: conflict or harmony?" Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences 64, no. 4: 665-673.
Polymers are widely used in cement mortar and concrete modification due to their significant role in improving the overall performance of cement-based materials. Their physical interaction is well-accepted, while less attention is given to chemical interaction between the polymers and cement. Through a review of prior arts, chemical interactions are discussed and summarized in this paper. Various chemical interactions may take place between cement and different types of polymers. Understanding these chemical interactions will play an important role in clarifying the relationship between microstructure and macrostructure of polymer-modified cementitious materials. Authors expressed and proved the conviction that the organic-inorganic (Polymer-Portland cement) composite with some components chemically bonded, in parallel to the physical interaction, will be the next stage in concrete technology progress.
R. Wang; J. Li; T. Zhang; L. Czarnecki. Chemical interaction between polymer and cement in polymer-cement concrete. Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences 2016, 64, 785 -792.
AMA StyleR. Wang, J. Li, T. Zhang, L. Czarnecki. Chemical interaction between polymer and cement in polymer-cement concrete. Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences. 2016; 64 (4):785-792.
Chicago/Turabian StyleR. Wang; J. Li; T. Zhang; L. Czarnecki. 2016. "Chemical interaction between polymer and cement in polymer-cement concrete." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences 64, no. 4: 785-792.
Lech Czarnecki. Wymaganie zrównoważonego wykorzystania zasobów naturalnych w odniesieniu do napraw i ochrony konstrukcji betonowych. MATERIAŁY BUDOWLANE 2016, 1, 142 -144.
AMA StyleLech Czarnecki. Wymaganie zrównoważonego wykorzystania zasobów naturalnych w odniesieniu do napraw i ochrony konstrukcji betonowych. MATERIAŁY BUDOWLANE. 2016; 1 (11):142-144.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLech Czarnecki. 2016. "Wymaganie zrównoważonego wykorzystania zasobów naturalnych w odniesieniu do napraw i ochrony konstrukcji betonowych." MATERIAŁY BUDOWLANE 1, no. 11: 142-144.
Lech Czarnecki. Naprawa, utrzymanie i rewitalizacja jako czynniki kształtujące zrównoważone budownictwo. MATERIAŁY BUDOWLANE 2016, 1, 128 -131.
AMA StyleLech Czarnecki. Naprawa, utrzymanie i rewitalizacja jako czynniki kształtujące zrównoważone budownictwo. MATERIAŁY BUDOWLANE. 2016; 1 (5):128-131.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLech Czarnecki. 2016. "Naprawa, utrzymanie i rewitalizacja jako czynniki kształtujące zrównoważone budownictwo." MATERIAŁY BUDOWLANE 1, no. 5: 128-131.
P. Kubica; Lech Czarnecki; Sylwia Boroń; Wojciech Węgrzyński. Maximizing the retention time of inert gases used in fixed gaseous extinguishing systems. Fire Safety Journal 2016, 80, 1 -8.
AMA StyleP. Kubica, Lech Czarnecki, Sylwia Boroń, Wojciech Węgrzyński. Maximizing the retention time of inert gases used in fixed gaseous extinguishing systems. Fire Safety Journal. 2016; 80 ():1-8.
Chicago/Turabian StyleP. Kubica; Lech Czarnecki; Sylwia Boroń; Wojciech Węgrzyński. 2016. "Maximizing the retention time of inert gases used in fixed gaseous extinguishing systems." Fire Safety Journal 80, no. : 1-8.
Lech Czarnecki. Foreword. Biopolymers and Biotech Admixtures for Eco-Efficient Construction Materials 2016, 1 .
AMA StyleLech Czarnecki. Foreword. Biopolymers and Biotech Admixtures for Eco-Efficient Construction Materials. 2016; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLech Czarnecki. 2016. "Foreword." Biopolymers and Biotech Admixtures for Eco-Efficient Construction Materials , no. : 1.
Lech Czarnecki. Kształtowanie naukowych podstaw rozwoju budownictwa. MATERIAŁY BUDOWLANE 2015, 1, 9 -12.
AMA StyleLech Czarnecki. Kształtowanie naukowych podstaw rozwoju budownictwa. MATERIAŁY BUDOWLANE. 2015; 1 (11):9-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLech Czarnecki. 2015. "Kształtowanie naukowych podstaw rozwoju budownictwa." MATERIAŁY BUDOWLANE 1, no. 11: 9-12.