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Prof. José Manuel Gonçalves
Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Escola Superior Agrária, Coimbra, Portugal

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Irrigation
0 Irrigation Design
0 Water Supply
0 Decision Support Systems
0 Agricultural water management

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Irrigation
Irrigation Design
Water Supply

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Short Biography

Professional Appointments: Associate Professor with Habilitation at College of Agriculture of Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra (IPC-ESAC, www.esac.pt); Chair of Section I Land and Water Engineering of CIGR; Member of Specialized Commission of Water, Agriculture and Forest of Portuguese Association of Water Resources; Coordinator of Master of Science Course on Food Security and Rural Development. Research and Professional Experience: Member of Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Research Centre (LEAF); Participation on current research projects: a) MEDWATERICE - Towards a sustainable water use in Mediterranean rice-based agro-ecosystems; b) Water Management in Lis River Valley, Portugal, PDR2020-1.0.1-FEADER-030911.

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Conference paper
Published: 09 May 2021 in Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Water Energy Food and Sustainability (ICoWEFS 2021)
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The rice irrigation by continuous flooding is highly water demanding, in comparison with most methods applied in irrigation of other crops. This is due to a significant deep percolation, and the need for surface drainage of water from the basin. Currently, rice irrigation in basins with precision land leveling requires much less water than it was used in the past; nevertheless, there are still some recognized problems, like water scarcity, environmental impacts on water quality and agroecosystems and the methane emissions to the atmosphere. Saving water in rice production becomes a priority, to safeguard its economic and environmental sustainability. This study was elaborated, under the MEDWATERICE project, aiming to experiment the alternative wetting and drying flooding (AWD), using rice cultivar “Ariete” and the drip irrigation techniques applied in three rice cultivars, “Ariete”, “Teti”, and “Crono”. The field experiment was installed in the Lis Valley, during the 2020 campaign, on farmer’s fields. The AWD results showed that there is a potential of saving 10% of irrigation water, with no significant yield impacts, allowing additional 28 days with non-flooded soil. The precise land levelling is a priority to reduce the water level above soil surface. The drip irrigation essay, innovative in this area, uncover problems with soil lateral wetting and fertilizers leaching in a light soil, explaining yield losses. However, the maximum plot yield, makes glimpse a potential good performance. In the next season experiment adjustments of the distance between row crops, position of drip lines and the fertigation plan, will allow to prove this potential.

ACS Style

José M. Gonçalves; Manuel Nunes; António Jordão; Susana Ferreira; Rui Eugénio; Javier Bigeriego; Isabel Duarte; Paula Amador; Olga Filipe; Henrique Damásio; Kiril Bahcevandziev. The Challenges of Water Saving in Rice Irrigation: Field Assessment of Alternate Wetting and Drying Flooding and Drip Irrigation Techniques in the Lis Valley, Portugal. Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Water Energy Food and Sustainability (ICoWEFS 2021) 2021, 93 -102.

AMA Style

José M. Gonçalves, Manuel Nunes, António Jordão, Susana Ferreira, Rui Eugénio, Javier Bigeriego, Isabel Duarte, Paula Amador, Olga Filipe, Henrique Damásio, Kiril Bahcevandziev. The Challenges of Water Saving in Rice Irrigation: Field Assessment of Alternate Wetting and Drying Flooding and Drip Irrigation Techniques in the Lis Valley, Portugal. Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Water Energy Food and Sustainability (ICoWEFS 2021). 2021; ():93-102.

Chicago/Turabian Style

José M. Gonçalves; Manuel Nunes; António Jordão; Susana Ferreira; Rui Eugénio; Javier Bigeriego; Isabel Duarte; Paula Amador; Olga Filipe; Henrique Damásio; Kiril Bahcevandziev. 2021. "The Challenges of Water Saving in Rice Irrigation: Field Assessment of Alternate Wetting and Drying Flooding and Drip Irrigation Techniques in the Lis Valley, Portugal." Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Water Energy Food and Sustainability (ICoWEFS 2021) , no. : 93-102.

Conference paper
Published: 09 May 2021 in Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Water Energy Food and Sustainability (ICoWEFS 2021)
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This paper aims to analyse the rice production system in the lower Mondego Valley, in Portugal, in order to understand the main concerns of farmers and risk perception. A field survey was conducted and rice production systems as well as marketing systems were analysed. A study on the worries was also made and a correlational attempt was done, considering different types of risk. The results show a production system strongly oriented by agricultural policies and agri-environmental measures. The perceived risks mainly arise from rice production costs, prices and their relative instability which results from the uncertainty about the evolution of worldwide demand and production, and from the effects of global changes. However, the choices made by farmers, who possess sound knowledge of agricultural policies and marketing systems, are not completely correlated with their risk perceptions.

ACS Style

Maria De Fátima Oliveira; Sérgio Oliveira; António Russo; Kiril Bahcevandziev; Ana Bela Lopes; José M. Gonçalves; António Dinis Ferreira; Pedro Arnaldo Reis. Risks Perceptions on Rice Production: Baixo Mondego, Portugal. Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Water Energy Food and Sustainability (ICoWEFS 2021) 2021, 110 -119.

AMA Style

Maria De Fátima Oliveira, Sérgio Oliveira, António Russo, Kiril Bahcevandziev, Ana Bela Lopes, José M. Gonçalves, António Dinis Ferreira, Pedro Arnaldo Reis. Risks Perceptions on Rice Production: Baixo Mondego, Portugal. Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Water Energy Food and Sustainability (ICoWEFS 2021). 2021; ():110-119.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maria De Fátima Oliveira; Sérgio Oliveira; António Russo; Kiril Bahcevandziev; Ana Bela Lopes; José M. Gonçalves; António Dinis Ferreira; Pedro Arnaldo Reis. 2021. "Risks Perceptions on Rice Production: Baixo Mondego, Portugal." Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Water Energy Food and Sustainability (ICoWEFS 2021) , no. : 110-119.

Journal article
Published: 23 January 2021 in Sustainability
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The new technologies of surface irrigation require the adoption of effective Laser-controlled precision land levelling (PLL) to reach the high irrigation performance standards, with significant benefits on water saving, salinity control, crop productivity, and farmer’s income. This study aimed to assess the performance and the impacts of PLL on surface irrigation systems, focusing the maize crop on the irrigation districts Hetao (China) and Lower-Mondego (Portugal). The experimental study at field scale assessed the PLL and evaluated the on-farm irrigation under precise levelled fields and well management practices. PLL operators have been inquired to improve the knowledge about hiring services. The design of surface irrigation scenarios allowed to explain the effects of field size and slope on irrigation and land levelling performance. The best practice to manage the PLL maintenance is an important issue to guarantee a high effectiveness of irrigation performance. The optimization of PLL appeals the application of best soil tillage practices and the monitoring of soil surface elevations with newest information technologies. Efficient operational guidelines to support the PLL planning, schedule, and operation, well trained operators and carefully adjusted equipment, are key factors to the improvement.

ACS Style

Qingfeng Miao; José M. Gonçalves; Ruiping Li; Diana Gonçalves; Tiago Levita; Haibin Shi. Assessment of Precise Land Levelling on Surface Irrigation Development. Impacts on Maize Water Productivity and Economics. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1191 .

AMA Style

Qingfeng Miao, José M. Gonçalves, Ruiping Li, Diana Gonçalves, Tiago Levita, Haibin Shi. Assessment of Precise Land Levelling on Surface Irrigation Development. Impacts on Maize Water Productivity and Economics. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (3):1191.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qingfeng Miao; José M. Gonçalves; Ruiping Li; Diana Gonçalves; Tiago Levita; Haibin Shi. 2021. "Assessment of Precise Land Levelling on Surface Irrigation Development. Impacts on Maize Water Productivity and Economics." Sustainability 13, no. 3: 1191.

Journal article
Published: 10 February 2020 in AgriEngineering
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Organic farming can play an important role in rural development and food production, by reinforcing the trend toward sustainable agriculture and its purpose of ecosystem conservation. The agribusiness of organic farming is particularly relevant in family farming, given the labor availability and the short marketing circuits. The innovative techniques of organic farming, namely with soil fertility, weed and pest control, opens a wide range of possibilities in its development and extension. The expectation of organic farming profitability in small-scale family farming, supported by known successful examples, were the theme of a field study on Lis Valley Irrigation District to assess the constraints to its expansion in order to outline the procedures for the acquisition of technical knowledge, the adaptation of technologies, the support for the conversion of production models, and the specialized training of farmers for action. Results revealed that the: (i) farmer’s land structure, (ii) their mature age, (iii) low education level, and (iv) markets, are the main constrains for organic farming development. Furthermore, other uncertainties were identified, namely: (i) the certification process, (ii) the knowledge of new technologies, especially of crop protection, and (iii) the marketing problems to guaranteeing profitability. This study concludes that organic farming has significant potential for development in the Lis Valley and that the efforts and resources of the various stakeholders, namely the state, need to be harmonized to deliver effective support to farmers to promote organic farming that prioritizes: (i) rural development policies, (ii) supporting land restructuring, (iii) modernization of irrigation, (iv) stimulation of young farmers, (v) conversion and implementation of innovative technologies, (vi) the organization of farmers for better productive efficiency, and (vii) to facilitate market access.

ACS Style

Susana Ferreira; Fátima Oliveira; Francisco Gomes Da Silva; Margarida Teixeira; Madalena Gonçalves; Rui Eugénio; Henrique Damásio; José M. Gonçalves. Assessment of Factors Constraining Organic Farming Expansion in Lis Valley, Portugal. AgriEngineering 2020, 2, 111 -127.

AMA Style

Susana Ferreira, Fátima Oliveira, Francisco Gomes Da Silva, Margarida Teixeira, Madalena Gonçalves, Rui Eugénio, Henrique Damásio, José M. Gonçalves. Assessment of Factors Constraining Organic Farming Expansion in Lis Valley, Portugal. AgriEngineering. 2020; 2 (1):111-127.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Susana Ferreira; Fátima Oliveira; Francisco Gomes Da Silva; Margarida Teixeira; Madalena Gonçalves; Rui Eugénio; Henrique Damásio; José M. Gonçalves. 2020. "Assessment of Factors Constraining Organic Farming Expansion in Lis Valley, Portugal." AgriEngineering 2, no. 1: 111-127.

Journal article
Published: 05 February 2020 in AgriEngineering
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Irrigation districts play a decisive role in Portuguese agriculture and require the adaptation to the new water management paradigm through a change in technology and practices compatible with farmers’ technical know-how and economic sustainability. Therefore, improvement of water management, focusing on water savings and increasing farmers’ income, is a priority. In this perspective, an applied research study is being carried out on the gravity-fed Lis Valley Irrigation District to assess the performance of collective water supply, effectiveness of water pumping, and safety of crop production due to the practice of reuse of drainage water. The water balance method was applied at irrigation supply sectors, including gravity and Pumping Irrigation Allocation. The average 2018 irrigation water allocated was 7400 m3/ha, being 9.3% by pumping recharge, with a global efficiency of about 67%. The water quality analysis allowed identifying some risk situations regarding salinization and microbiological issues, justifying action to solve or mitigate the problems, especially at the level of the farmers’ fields, according to the crops and the irrigation systems. Results point to priority actions to consolidate improved water management: better maintenance and conservation of infrastructure of hydraulic infrastructures to reduce water losses and better flow control; implementation of optimal operational plans, to adjust the water demand with distribution; improvement of the on-farm systems with better water application control and maintenance procedures; and improvement of the control of water quality on the water reuse from drainage ditches. The technological innovation is an element of the modernization of irrigation districts that justifies the development of multiple efforts and synergies among stakeholders, namely farmers, water users association, and researchers.

ACS Style

José M. Gonçalves; Susana Ferreira; Manuel Nunes; Rui Eugénio; Paula Amador; Olga Filipe; Isabel Maria Duarte; Margarida Teixeira; Teresa Vasconcelos; Fátima Oliveira; Madalena Gonçalves; Henrique Damásio. Developing Irrigation Management at District Scale Based on Water Monitoring: Study on Lis Valley, Portugal. AgriEngineering 2020, 2, 78 -95.

AMA Style

José M. Gonçalves, Susana Ferreira, Manuel Nunes, Rui Eugénio, Paula Amador, Olga Filipe, Isabel Maria Duarte, Margarida Teixeira, Teresa Vasconcelos, Fátima Oliveira, Madalena Gonçalves, Henrique Damásio. Developing Irrigation Management at District Scale Based on Water Monitoring: Study on Lis Valley, Portugal. AgriEngineering. 2020; 2 (1):78-95.

Chicago/Turabian Style

José M. Gonçalves; Susana Ferreira; Manuel Nunes; Rui Eugénio; Paula Amador; Olga Filipe; Isabel Maria Duarte; Margarida Teixeira; Teresa Vasconcelos; Fátima Oliveira; Madalena Gonçalves; Henrique Damásio. 2020. "Developing Irrigation Management at District Scale Based on Water Monitoring: Study on Lis Valley, Portugal." AgriEngineering 2, no. 1: 78-95.

Journal article
Published: 07 December 2019 in Journal of Information Systems Engineering and Management
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The purpose of this paper is to describe a web-based system to assist on-farm design and management of surface irrigation systems. This application was designed to be an appropriate tool for generating design alternatives associated with attributes of technical, economic, and environmental nature, and handling and evaluating a large number of input and output data. It also allows the evaluation and ranking of design alternatives using multicriteria analysis where criteria are weighted according to the priorities and perception of the designer and users, and provides an appropriate dialogue between the designer and the user, with an effective help support with information about equipments and irrigation practices. The application has tools for the resolution of specific problems, such as land leveling, pipe sizing and economic calculation. Built with a simple user friendly interface, with several optional languages and online help for technical aspects, this tool will contribute to support the dissemination of knowledge, design procedures and field practices of surface irrigation. Tests and demonstrations are being done on Hetao Irrigation District, China.

ACS Style

José Manuel Gonçalves; Tiago Levita; Diana Gonçalves; Qingfeng Miao. Web-based System for Decision Support on Surface Irrigation Modernization. Journal of Information Systems Engineering and Management 2019, 4, em0106 .

AMA Style

José Manuel Gonçalves, Tiago Levita, Diana Gonçalves, Qingfeng Miao. Web-based System for Decision Support on Surface Irrigation Modernization. Journal of Information Systems Engineering and Management. 2019; 4 (4):em0106.

Chicago/Turabian Style

José Manuel Gonçalves; Tiago Levita; Diana Gonçalves; Qingfeng Miao. 2019. "Web-based System for Decision Support on Surface Irrigation Modernization." Journal of Information Systems Engineering and Management 4, no. 4: em0106.

Journal article
Published: 10 January 2019 in Sustainability
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The innovation of agricultural systems management is a determinant factor that guarantees adaptation to a new paradigm of global economy, environmental protection, and social requirements. The conventional concepts of innovation, applicable to new products and processes, do not consider many characteristics of the agricultural sector, such as social innovation and innovation resulting from new or renewed processes. Nevertheless, the overall impact of innovation on yields, competitiveness, and value can be hampered by the limited understanding or misinterpretation of Agriculture Innovation paradigms. For instance, the Rural Development Program (RDP) applies a restrict concept of innovation, being unable to embrace the full range of activities intended to implement new practices within the framework of the Agricultural Knowledge and Innovation System (AKIS). Stimulating innovation in agriculture demands a change in policy innovation of RDP in order to preserve natural resources and combine agricultural priorities and the rural environment with the concepts of innovation. This paper focuses on the different views of the concept of innovation within the Program of Operational Groups (OGs) of the European Innovation Partnership for Agricultural productivity and Sustainability (EIP-AGRI), analyzing the Portuguese case study of the Lis Valley Irrigation District whose main innovation objective was to achieve and implement new processes of water management aiming at the conservation of natural resources as well as sustainable social and economic agricultural development. The Portuguese experience highlights why the application of innovation in agriculture may not reach the desirable outcomes.

ACS Style

Maria De Fátima Oliveira; Francisco Gomes Da Silva; Susana Ferreira; Margarida Teixeira; Henrique Damásio; António Dinis Ferreira; José Manuel Gonçalves. Innovations in Sustainable Agriculture: Case Study of Lis Valley Irrigation District, Portugal. Sustainability 2019, 11, 331 .

AMA Style

Maria De Fátima Oliveira, Francisco Gomes Da Silva, Susana Ferreira, Margarida Teixeira, Henrique Damásio, António Dinis Ferreira, José Manuel Gonçalves. Innovations in Sustainable Agriculture: Case Study of Lis Valley Irrigation District, Portugal. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (2):331.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maria De Fátima Oliveira; Francisco Gomes Da Silva; Susana Ferreira; Margarida Teixeira; Henrique Damásio; António Dinis Ferreira; José Manuel Gonçalves. 2019. "Innovations in Sustainable Agriculture: Case Study of Lis Valley Irrigation District, Portugal." Sustainability 11, no. 2: 331.

Journal article
Published: 13 January 2018 in Water
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The sustainability of the Hetao Irrigation System, located in the water scarce upper Yellow River basin, is a priority considering the need for water saving, increased water productivity, and higher farmers’ incomes. The upgrading of basin irrigation, the main irrigation method, is essential and includes the adoption of precise land levelling, cut-off management, improved water distribution uniformity, and adequate irrigation scheduling. With this objective, the current study focuses on upgrading wheat basin irrigation through improved design using a decision support system (DSS) model, which considers land parcels characteristics, crop irrigation scheduling, soil infiltration, hydraulic simulation, and environmental and economic impacts. Its use includes outlining water saving scenarios and ranking alternative designs through multi-criteria analysis considering the priorities of stakeholders. The best alternatives concern flat level basins with a 100 and 200 m length and inflow rates between 2 and 4 L s−1 m−1. The total irrigation cost of designed projects, including the cost of the autumn irrigation, varies between 2400 and 3300 Yuan ha−1; the major cost component is land levelling, corresponding to 33–46% of total irrigation costs. The economic land productivity is about 18,000 Yuan ha−1. The DSS modelling defined guidelines to be applied by an extension service aimed at implementing better performing irrigation practices, and encouraged a good interaction between farmers and the Water Users Association, thus making easier the implementation of appropriate irrigation management programs.

ACS Style

Qingfeng Miao; Haibin Shi; José M. Gonçalves; Luis S. Pereira. Basin Irrigation Design with Multi-Criteria Analysis Focusing on Water Saving and Economic Returns: Application to Wheat in Hetao, Yellow River Basin. Water 2018, 10, 67 .

AMA Style

Qingfeng Miao, Haibin Shi, José M. Gonçalves, Luis S. Pereira. Basin Irrigation Design with Multi-Criteria Analysis Focusing on Water Saving and Economic Returns: Application to Wheat in Hetao, Yellow River Basin. Water. 2018; 10 (1):67.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qingfeng Miao; Haibin Shi; José M. Gonçalves; Luis S. Pereira. 2018. "Basin Irrigation Design with Multi-Criteria Analysis Focusing on Water Saving and Economic Returns: Application to Wheat in Hetao, Yellow River Basin." Water 10, no. 1: 67.

Journal article
Published: 13 January 2017 in Water
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Coping with water scarcity using supplemental irrigation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the semi-arid northeast Syria is a great challenge for sustainable water use in agriculture. Graded borders and set sprinkler systems were compared using multi-criteria analysis. Alternative solutions for surface irrigation and for sprinkler systems were developed with the SADREG and the PROASPER design models, respectively. For each alternative, two deficit irrigation strategies were considered, which were characterized using indicators relative to irrigation water use, yields and water productivity, including farm economic returns. Alternatives were ranked considering two contrasting priorities: economic returns and water saving. A first step in ranking led to a selection of graded borders with and without precise land levelling and of solid set and semi-permanent sprinkler systems. Precise-levelled borders were better for water saving, while non-precise ones ranked higher for economic returns. Semi-permanent set systems have been shown to be better in economic terms and similar to solid set systems when water saving is prioritized. Semi-permanent sprinkler systems rank first when comparing all type of systems together regardless of the considered deficit irrigation strategy. Likely, border irrigation is appropriate when wheat is in rotation with cotton if the latter is surface irrigated. When peace becomes effective, appropriate economic incentives and training for farmers are required to implement innovative approaches.

ACS Style

Hanaa Darouich; Maria R. Cameira; José M. Gonçalves; Paula Paredes; Luis Santos Pereira. Comparing Sprinkler and Surface Irrigation for Wheat Using Multi-Criteria Analysis: Water Saving vs. Economic Returns. Water 2017, 9, 50 .

AMA Style

Hanaa Darouich, Maria R. Cameira, José M. Gonçalves, Paula Paredes, Luis Santos Pereira. Comparing Sprinkler and Surface Irrigation for Wheat Using Multi-Criteria Analysis: Water Saving vs. Economic Returns. Water. 2017; 9 (1):50.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hanaa Darouich; Maria R. Cameira; José M. Gonçalves; Paula Paredes; Luis Santos Pereira. 2017. "Comparing Sprinkler and Surface Irrigation for Wheat Using Multi-Criteria Analysis: Water Saving vs. Economic Returns." Water 9, no. 1: 50.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2017 in Water
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Traditionally, most irrigation practices in Southern Europe have been based on gravity-fed surface irrigation systems. Currently, these systems remain a relevant typology in the European Union (EU) member states of the Mediterranean areas, where it is often the only sustainable method for farmers due to the small size of agricultural holdings, their reduced capacity and readiness to invest and the low ratio between yield profits and irrigation costs. In the last several years, in response to European and national directives, surface irrigation has garnered increasing attention at the political and bureaucratic levels due to frequent criticisms of its postulated low efficiency and high water wastage. However, these systems commonly provide a number of ecosystem services and nature-based solutions that increase the positive externalities in different rural socio-ecological contexts and often have the potential to extend these services and provide solutions that are compatible with economical sustainability. This study aims to discuss the prospects for new practices and for the rehabilitation and modernization of the gravity-fed surface irrigation systems in EU Mediterranean areas to enhance water efficiency, thus gaining both economic advantages and environmental benefits. The difficulties, stimuli for improvements and peculiarities of the irrigation water management of four rural environments located in Italy, Spain and Portugal were analyzed and compared to the current state of the gravity-fed surface irrigation systems with hypothetical future improvements achievable by innovative technologies and practices. In these different case studies, the current gravity-fed surface irrigation systems have an obsolete regulatory structure; water-use efficiency is not a driving criterion for the management of the conveyance and distribution canal network, and farmers are not yet adequately encouraged to adopt more efficient gravity-fed irrigation practices. A continuous knowledge exchange is thus necessary for the interaction of all irrigation water managers and farmers to improve their eco-efficiency and to preserve and promote their cultural heritage across the entire water supply and delivery chains. We argue that the best way forward will require precisely targeted rehabilitation measures of gravity-fed surface irrigation systems based on the integrated use of decision support services, gate automation, remote and feedback controls and real-time flow optimization.

ACS Style

Daniele Masseroni; Sandra Ricart; Francisco Ramirez De Cartagena; Joaquim Monserrat; José Manuel Gonçalves; Isabel De Lima; Arianna Facchi; Guido Sali; Claudio Gandolfi. Prospects for Improving Gravity-Fed Surface Irrigation Systems in Mediterranean European Contexts. Water 2017, 9, 20 .

AMA Style

Daniele Masseroni, Sandra Ricart, Francisco Ramirez De Cartagena, Joaquim Monserrat, José Manuel Gonçalves, Isabel De Lima, Arianna Facchi, Guido Sali, Claudio Gandolfi. Prospects for Improving Gravity-Fed Surface Irrigation Systems in Mediterranean European Contexts. Water. 2017; 9 (1):20.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniele Masseroni; Sandra Ricart; Francisco Ramirez De Cartagena; Joaquim Monserrat; José Manuel Gonçalves; Isabel De Lima; Arianna Facchi; Guido Sali; Claudio Gandolfi. 2017. "Prospects for Improving Gravity-Fed Surface Irrigation Systems in Mediterranean European Contexts." Water 9, no. 1: 20.

Journal article
Published: 19 June 2015 in Biosystems Engineering
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Water-saving irrigation needs to be implemented in Hetao irrigation district to help satisfying the demand by other users in the Yellow River basin. Aiming at assessing the potential irrigation performance and water saving at farm level, a set of traditional basins and another of precision-levelled basins cropped with maize, wheat and sunflower and managed by farmers were evaluated. Data were collected to characterise the basin sizes, microtopography, inflow rates, advance and recession times, cut-off time and soil water content. In addition, families of infiltration curves were derived from field observations and subsequent use of model SIRMOD. Infiltration was higher for the precision-levelled basins and decreased from the first to the next irrigation events. Infiltration data were used to support the computation of distribution uniformity (DU), beneficial water use fraction (BWUF) and deep percolation (DP). For traditional basins, DU and BWUF were low and DP was high. When precise land levelling was practised, DU increased greatly to near 94% but BWUF improved little, because irrigation scheduling was inadequate leading to excessive water application; however, non-negligible water saving was achieved for maize and wheat since they have higher irrigation demand. In contrast, simulating the application of an appropriate irrigation scheduling through adjusting the cut-off time led to an approximately unchanged DU but BWUF greatly increased and DP reduced to 10% on average. This condition represents a potential water saving of 34–39%; however its achievement requires improved design of farm systems, appropriate irrigation water deliveries and scheduling, and the support and training of farmers.

ACS Style

Qingfeng Miao; Haibin Shi; José M. Gonçalves; Luis Santos Pereira. Field assessment of basin irrigation performance and water saving in Hetao, Yellow River basin: Issues to support irrigation systems modernisation. Biosystems Engineering 2015, 136, 102 -116.

AMA Style

Qingfeng Miao, Haibin Shi, José M. Gonçalves, Luis Santos Pereira. Field assessment of basin irrigation performance and water saving in Hetao, Yellow River basin: Issues to support irrigation systems modernisation. Biosystems Engineering. 2015; 136 ():102-116.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qingfeng Miao; Haibin Shi; José M. Gonçalves; Luis Santos Pereira. 2015. "Field assessment of basin irrigation performance and water saving in Hetao, Yellow River basin: Issues to support irrigation systems modernisation." Biosystems Engineering 136, no. : 102-116.

Proceedings article
Published: 14 November 2013 in Computers in Agriculture and Natural Resources, 23-25 July 2006, Orlando Florida
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ACS Style

José Gonçalves; André Muga; Luís Santos Pereira; João Rolim; Mikhail G. Horst. SADREG, A Client-Server Application DSS For Design And Management Of Surface Irrigation. Computers in Agriculture and Natural Resources, 23-25 July 2006, Orlando Florida 2013, 1 .

AMA Style

José Gonçalves, André Muga, Luís Santos Pereira, João Rolim, Mikhail G. Horst. SADREG, A Client-Server Application DSS For Design And Management Of Surface Irrigation. Computers in Agriculture and Natural Resources, 23-25 July 2006, Orlando Florida. 2013; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

José Gonçalves; André Muga; Luís Santos Pereira; João Rolim; Mikhail G. Horst. 2013. "SADREG, A Client-Server Application DSS For Design And Management Of Surface Irrigation." Computers in Agriculture and Natural Resources, 23-25 July 2006, Orlando Florida , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 29 May 2013 in Agricultural Water Management
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This study aims to assess the economic feasibility of full and deficit irrigated maize using center pivot, set sprinkler systems and drip tape systems through multicriteria analysis. Different irrigation treatments were evaluated and compared in terms of beneficial water use and physical and economical water productivity for two commodity prices and three irrigation systems scenarios applied to a medium and a large field of 5 and 32 ha respectively. Results show that deficit treatments may lead to better water productivity indicators but deficit irrigation (DI) feasibility is highly dependent on the commodity prices. Various well-designed and managed pressurized irrigation systems’ scenarios – center-pivot, set sprinkler systems and drip tape systems – were compared and ranked using multicriteria analysis. For this, three different prioritization schemes were considered, one referring to water savings, another relative to economic results, and a third one representing a balanced situation between the first two. The rankings of alternative solutions were very sensitive to the decision-maker priorities, mainly when comparing water saving and economic results because the selected alternatives were generally not common to both priority schemes. However, some of the best alternatives for the balanced priorities scheme are common to the other two, thus suggesting a possible trade-off when selecting the best alternatives. Deficit irrigation strategies also rank differently for the various scenarios considered. The study shows that deficit irrigation with exception of mild DI is generally not economically feasible. The adoption of well designed and managed irrigation systems requires consideration of priorities of farm management in terms of water saving and economic results since that some water saving solutions do not allow appropriate recover of the investment costs, particularly with DI. Basing decisions upon multicriteria analysis allows farmers and decision-makers to better select irrigation systems and related management decisions. Results also indicate that appropriate support must be given to farmers when adopting high performance but expensive irrigation systems aimed at sustainable crop profitability.

ACS Style

Gonçalo C. Rodrigues; Paula Paredes; José Gonçalves; Isabel Alves; Luis S. Pereira. Comparing sprinkler and drip irrigation systems for full and deficit irrigated maize using multicriteria analysis and simulation modelling: Ranking for water saving vs. farm economic returns. Agricultural Water Management 2013, 126, 85 -96.

AMA Style

Gonçalo C. Rodrigues, Paula Paredes, José Gonçalves, Isabel Alves, Luis S. Pereira. Comparing sprinkler and drip irrigation systems for full and deficit irrigated maize using multicriteria analysis and simulation modelling: Ranking for water saving vs. farm economic returns. Agricultural Water Management. 2013; 126 ():85-96.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gonçalo C. Rodrigues; Paula Paredes; José Gonçalves; Isabel Alves; Luis S. Pereira. 2013. "Comparing sprinkler and drip irrigation systems for full and deficit irrigated maize using multicriteria analysis and simulation modelling: Ranking for water saving vs. farm economic returns." Agricultural Water Management 126, no. : 85-96.

Journal article
Published: 06 October 2012 in Agricultural Water Management
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Improving surface irrigation systems for cotton in Ras-El-Ain district, Northeast Syria, needs finding alternative solutions that provide for both water saving and farm economic benefits in a context of small and family farms. Multicriteria analysis was used to evaluate and rank a set of furrow and border irrigation alternatives, with and without precise land leveling, that were created with the decision support system SADREG. This approach allowed to consider various criteria, mainly water saving and farm economics. Results show that both graded furrow and border alternatives are acceptable, with a slight advantage for graded furrows. Alternatives without land leveling have shown to be more appropriate when focusing farm economic results, while alternatives including land leveling were selected when priorities were assigned to water saving. These results relate with higher costs of alternatives that consider land leveling. Equipment for appropriate control of inflow rates was considered for all cases. The improved alternatives may lead to savings of 20–28% of irrigation water and increasing the irrigation water productivity from present 0.31 to 0.44 kg m−3. When the same alternatives were ranked for a 20% deficit irrigation their rankings changed, with reduced ranks of alternatives requiring land leveling. This is due to the fact that yields and yield values are reduced with deficit irrigation, thus making it less favorable to select alternatives that imply higher costs. The study shows that adopting more advanced but more costly irrigation technologies aimed at water saving requires appropriate economic incentives, training of farmers and an institutional framework able to support the sustainable use of water in irrigation.

ACS Style

Hanaa Darouich; José Gonçalves; André Muga; Luis S. Pereira. Water saving vs. farm economics in cotton surface irrigation: An application of multicriteria analysis. Agricultural Water Management 2012, 115, 223 -231.

AMA Style

Hanaa Darouich, José Gonçalves, André Muga, Luis S. Pereira. Water saving vs. farm economics in cotton surface irrigation: An application of multicriteria analysis. Agricultural Water Management. 2012; 115 ():223-231.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hanaa Darouich; José Gonçalves; André Muga; Luis S. Pereira. 2012. "Water saving vs. farm economics in cotton surface irrigation: An application of multicriteria analysis." Agricultural Water Management 115, no. : 223-231.

Journal article
Published: 31 May 2011 in Biosystems Engineering
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This study describes an application of the SADREG decision support system to cotton furrow irrigation in Central Fergana Valley, Uzbekistan. This application aims at modernizing furrow irrigation and is based upon field trials on crop water requirements and surge irrigation. A large number of design alternatives were generated for a typical field, which were compared in terms of water use, irrigation water productivity, irrigation costs and yield value. This comparison has shown that alternatives that favour water use performance are different from those leading to higher farm incomes. For multicriteria analysis, three different prioritization schemes were analysed, one relative to economic results, another referring to water saving, and the third representing a balanced situation between the two. Very different rankings resulted, with alternatives ranked high for economic results being ranked low for water saving, and vice-versa. The high ranked alternatives for the balanced prioritization scheme are common to the other two, but the decision demands further consideration of risk factors and users’ preferences. This application shows that adopting water saving technologies and deficit irrigation is generally difficult in economic terms, thus requiring support to farmers if their income is to be maintained.

ACS Style

José M. Gonçalves; André P. Muga; Mikhail G. Horst; Luis Santos Pereira. Furrow irrigation design with multicriteria analysis. Biosystems Engineering 2011, 109, 266 -275.

AMA Style

José M. Gonçalves, André P. Muga, Mikhail G. Horst, Luis Santos Pereira. Furrow irrigation design with multicriteria analysis. Biosystems Engineering. 2011; 109 (4):266-275.

Chicago/Turabian Style

José M. Gonçalves; André P. Muga; Mikhail G. Horst; Luis Santos Pereira. 2011. "Furrow irrigation design with multicriteria analysis." Biosystems Engineering 109, no. 4: 266-275.

Proceedings article
Published: 01 January 2011 in Special Session on Architectures, Concepts and Technologies for Service Oriented Computing
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ACS Style

M. Isabel Valin; Maria Cameira; Celestina Pedras; P. R. Teodoro; J. M Gonçalves; Luis Santos Pereira. DEPIVOT – A SOFTWARE PACKAGE TO DESIGN AND EVALUATE CENTER-PIVOT SYSTEMS. Special Session on Architectures, Concepts and Technologies for Service Oriented Computing 2011, 298 -301.

AMA Style

M. Isabel Valin, Maria Cameira, Celestina Pedras, P. R. Teodoro, J. M Gonçalves, Luis Santos Pereira. DEPIVOT – A SOFTWARE PACKAGE TO DESIGN AND EVALUATE CENTER-PIVOT SYSTEMS. Special Session on Architectures, Concepts and Technologies for Service Oriented Computing. 2011; ():298-301.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M. Isabel Valin; Maria Cameira; Celestina Pedras; P. R. Teodoro; J. M Gonçalves; Luis Santos Pereira. 2011. "DEPIVOT – A SOFTWARE PACKAGE TO DESIGN AND EVALUATE CENTER-PIVOT SYSTEMS." Special Session on Architectures, Concepts and Technologies for Service Oriented Computing , no. : 298-301.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2009 in Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
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The SADREG decision support system was developed to help decision makers in the process of design and selection of farm surface irrigation systems to respond to requirements of modernization of surface irrigation—furrow, basin, and border irrigation. It includes a database, simulation models, user-friendly interfaces, and multicriteria analysis models. SADREG is comprised of two components: design and selection. The first component applies database information, and through several simulation and computational tools, produces a set of design alternatives in agreement with the user options. These alternatives are characterized by several hydraulic, economic, and environmental indicators that allow appropriate selection and ranking. The selection component bases upon multicriteria analysis using composite programming and ELECTRE II ranking models, which support the decision maker to select the best alternative. The decision maker participates in all decision processes through a user-friendly interface that allows expressing design options and priorities. SADREG was tested with data collected from field experiments. In addition to describing the modeling approach, an application to a sector of the Lower Mondego Irrigation Project, Portugal, is presented.

ACS Style

José M. Gonçalves; Luis Santos Pereira. Decision Support System for Surface Irrigation Design. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering 2009, 135, 343 -356.

AMA Style

José M. Gonçalves, Luis Santos Pereira. Decision Support System for Surface Irrigation Design. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering. 2009; 135 (3):343-356.

Chicago/Turabian Style

José M. Gonçalves; Luis Santos Pereira. 2009. "Decision Support System for Surface Irrigation Design." Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering 135, no. 3: 343-356.

Journal article
Published: 30 April 2009 in Agricultural Water Management
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The decision support system (DSS) MIRRIG has been developed to support the design of microirrigation systems and to advise farmers as a result of field evaluations. It is written in Visual Basic 6.0, runs in a Windows environment, and uses a database with information on emitters and pipes available in the market, as well as on crops, soils and the systems under design. MIRRIG is composed by design and simulation models and a multicriteria analysis model that ranks alternative design solutions based upon an integration of technical, economic and environmental criteria. User friendly windows are adopted for handling the databases and to manage the sub-models. The model allows creating and comparing a set of design alternatives relative to the pipe system and the emitters, either drip or microsprinkling emitters. For each alternative, the pipe system is sized and the irrigation system is simulated to produce performance, environmental and economic indicators. These include uniformity of water application, potential for contamination with agrochemicals due to water percolation, and installation and operation costs. Those indicators are used as attributes of the selected criteria. All alternatives are then compared and ranked through multicriteria analysis where the weights giving the relative importance of the adopted criteria are defined by the user. These procedures allow selecting the best design alternative and solving the complexities involved in the design of microirrigation systems. The model is available from the website www://ceer.isa.utl.pt/cms or by contacting [email protected].

ACS Style

C.M.G. C.M.G.Pedrasab; Luis Santos Pereira; J.M. J.M.Gonçalvesbc. MIRRIG: A decision support system for design and evaluation of microirrigation systems. Agricultural Water Management 2009, 96, 691 -701.

AMA Style

C.M.G. C.M.G.Pedrasab, Luis Santos Pereira, J.M. J.M.Gonçalvesbc. MIRRIG: A decision support system for design and evaluation of microirrigation systems. Agricultural Water Management. 2009; 96 (4):691-701.

Chicago/Turabian Style

C.M.G. C.M.G.Pedrasab; Luis Santos Pereira; J.M. J.M.Gonçalvesbc. 2009. "MIRRIG: A decision support system for design and evaluation of microirrigation systems." Agricultural Water Management 96, no. 4: 691-701.

Conference paper
Published: 01 January 2009 in 7th World Congress on Computers in Agriculture Conference Proceedings, 22-24 June 2009, Reno, Nevada
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This paper presents the Web-based decision support system SADREG for design and selection of farm surface irrigation systems: furrows, basin and border irrigation. The design component applies database information and produces a set of design alternatives in agreement with the user options through several simulation and computational tools. The selection component applies multicriteria analysis to rank those alternatives. Comparing with the conventional stand-alone PC-program, an Internet application has a larger flexibility enabling the access by users worldwide, particularly in areas where expert technical support for surface irrigation improvement is more incipient. Moreover, it allows an easier transfer and share of knowledge and tools to improve the procedures of irrigation design. The Web SADREG application includes the Web module that creates the user interface, data fluxes, showing numerical and graphical data, and the simulation engine, which runs the simulation models on the server. The development applies the PHP and C++ languages to achieve a better flexibility and to minimize client system requirements and SQLServer for data storing, thus allowing a simultaneous connection of several users. During the simulation process the users are informed about the input parameters, the design process and the output. An online help and information about irrigation equipments and guidelines for a good irrigation practices is available. This approach results on a better service quality, avoiding package installation and is more versatile to upgrade and to integrate other data and models. This software, available on http://sadreg.safe-net.eu Web site, is currently being tested.

ACS Style

José Manuel Monteiro Gonçalves; André Pereira Muga; Luís Santos Pereira. A Web-based Decision Support System for Surface Irrigation Design. Sofware Development. 7th World Congress on Computers in Agriculture Conference Proceedings, 22-24 June 2009, Reno, Nevada 2009, 1 .

AMA Style

José Manuel Monteiro Gonçalves, André Pereira Muga, Luís Santos Pereira. A Web-based Decision Support System for Surface Irrigation Design. Sofware Development. 7th World Congress on Computers in Agriculture Conference Proceedings, 22-24 June 2009, Reno, Nevada. 2009; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

José Manuel Monteiro Gonçalves; André Pereira Muga; Luís Santos Pereira. 2009. "A Web-based Decision Support System for Surface Irrigation Design. Sofware Development." 7th World Congress on Computers in Agriculture Conference Proceedings, 22-24 June 2009, Reno, Nevada , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 16 December 2007 in Agricultural Water Management
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Water saving in irrigation is a main issue in the Yellow River basin. This paper refers to a field and modelling study performed in the Huinong Irrigation District, a very large surface irrigation system in Ningxia, upper Yellow River basin, intended to assess water saving and improved water use issues. The decision support system SEDAM was purposefully developed to evaluate alternative scenarios of improvements of farm and off-farm irrigation canal systems. It includes a demand and delivery simulation tool and adopts multicriteria analysis. Simulation is performed at various scales, starting at the distributor and then successively at the sub-branch, branch and sector scales. It uses a database built from random generation of system characteristics at these scales, and based on field surveys. Demand is built from exploring interactively the irrigation scheduling simulation model ISAREG and the surface irrigation models SRFR and SIRMOD, which were previously parameterized. The first is used to generate improved irrigation schedules and the second to define improved basin irrigation scenarios. In addition, a simple paddy irrigation tool is used to simulate replacing the current deep flooding method by shallow water irrigation. Water delivery scenarios are built to match those of demand including several improved procedures that aim at controlling runoff and seepage. Results indicate that progressively adopting farm and delivery system improvements leads to reduced canal seepage and runoff, which is essential to an effective functioning of the drainage system, in addition to control diversions into the Huinong canal. Water savings amount to more than 50% of actual water use. However, results referring to the economic criteria, particularly to the farm gross margin, reveal that more stringent improvements have low impacts, i.e. the respective utilities increase little when scenarios require higher investments. The described application shows that adopting a DSS simulation model and multicriteria analysis is appropriate to assess water use improvements in large irrigation systems and that it is advantageous to perform the analysis of related impacts by combining economic and environmental criteria. The importance of adopting improved delivery systems is also evidenced.

ACS Style

José Gonçalves; L.S. Pereira; S.X. Fang; B. Dong. Modelling and multicriteria analysis of water saving scenarios for an irrigation district in the upper Yellow River Basin. Agricultural Water Management 2007, 94, 93 -108.

AMA Style

José Gonçalves, L.S. Pereira, S.X. Fang, B. Dong. Modelling and multicriteria analysis of water saving scenarios for an irrigation district in the upper Yellow River Basin. Agricultural Water Management. 2007; 94 (1-3):93-108.

Chicago/Turabian Style

José Gonçalves; L.S. Pereira; S.X. Fang; B. Dong. 2007. "Modelling and multicriteria analysis of water saving scenarios for an irrigation district in the upper Yellow River Basin." Agricultural Water Management 94, no. 1-3: 93-108.