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Dr. Ali Shubbar
School of Civil Engineering and Built Environment, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK

Basic Info


Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Carbon Offsets
0 Circula economy
0 Geopolymer and alkali-activated materials
0 Construction materials (Cements, mortars, concretes and others)
0 Clean & renewable energy

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Short Biography

Dr. Ali Shubbar is a Civil Engineer, having industrial knowledge with a full life-cycle experience in projects development. Ali’s major interest and passion is Research in the field of low carbon circular economy. Dr. Shubbar is currently working as a Research Assistant at the Eco-I North West that aims to stimulate economic growth by developing robust business-university collaborations that lead to R&D and innovation with economic potential.

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Review
Published: 10 June 2021 in Sustainability
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Hot mix asphalt has various benefits such as good workability and durability. It is one of the most general materials used as asphalt mixtures in road pavements. Asphalt mixtures and binders can be improved by modifying them with various additives. Gilsonite is a natural asphalt hydrocarbon which may be used as an additive to hot mix asphalt. It is used as an asphalt binder modifier (wet process) and an asphalt mixture modifier (dry process) to improve the properties of the mix. It provides the option of improved rheological properties, stability, strength rutting resistance and moisture sensitivity. This paper examines the current research relating to the use of gilsonite to improve the asphalt properties (binder and mixture). The rheological properties of the modified asphalt binders and mechanical properties of the modified asphalt mixtures will be reviewed. The influence of adding gilsonite individually or combined with other additives will be discussed. Furthermore, assessment of the environmental and economic perspectives of the studied asphalt along with some suggestions to improve the asphalt binders and mixtures will be explored.

ACS Style

Hayder Al Hawesah; Monower Sadique; Clare Harris; Hassan Al Nageim; Karl Stopp; Harry Pearl; Ali Shubbar. A Review on Improving Asphalt Pavement Service Life Using Gilsonite-Modified Bitumen. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6634 .

AMA Style

Hayder Al Hawesah, Monower Sadique, Clare Harris, Hassan Al Nageim, Karl Stopp, Harry Pearl, Ali Shubbar. A Review on Improving Asphalt Pavement Service Life Using Gilsonite-Modified Bitumen. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (12):6634.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hayder Al Hawesah; Monower Sadique; Clare Harris; Hassan Al Nageim; Karl Stopp; Harry Pearl; Ali Shubbar. 2021. "A Review on Improving Asphalt Pavement Service Life Using Gilsonite-Modified Bitumen." Sustainability 13, no. 12: 6634.

Journal article
Published: 22 March 2021 in Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska
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The development of an ecofriendly binder containing high volume of cement replacement by incorporating two waste materials for the use in soil stabilization. This paper investigates the possibility of replacing ordinary Portland cement (OPC) by two waste and by-product materials for the use of a silty clay soil stabilization purpose. The soil was treated by 9.0% OPC where this mixture was used as a reference for all tests. Two by-product materials: ground granulated blast furnace slag and cement kiln dust were used as replacement materials. Consistency limits, compaction and unconfined compression strength (UCS) tests were conducted. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was carried out for the proposed binder to investigate the reaction of products over curing time. Seven curing periods were adopted for all mixtures; 1, 3, 7, 14, 28, 52, and 90 days. The results showed that the strength development over curing periods after cement replacement up to 45–60% was closed to those of the reference specimens. The microphotographs of SEM analysis showed that the formation of Ettringite and Portladite as well as to calcium silicate hydrate gel was obvious at curing periods longer than 7 days reflected that the replacing materials succeed to produce the main products necessary for binder formation.

ACS Style

Hassnen Jafer; Ibtehaj Jawad; Zaid Majeed; Ali Shubbar. The development of an ecofriendly binder containing high volume of cement replacement by incorporating two by-product materials for the use in soil stabilization. Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska 2021, 30, 62 -74.

AMA Style

Hassnen Jafer, Ibtehaj Jawad, Zaid Majeed, Ali Shubbar. The development of an ecofriendly binder containing high volume of cement replacement by incorporating two by-product materials for the use in soil stabilization. Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska. 2021; 30 (1):62-74.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hassnen Jafer; Ibtehaj Jawad; Zaid Majeed; Ali Shubbar. 2021. "The development of an ecofriendly binder containing high volume of cement replacement by incorporating two by-product materials for the use in soil stabilization." Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska 30, no. 1: 62-74.

Conference paper
Published: 01 March 2021 in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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The technique of replacing the cement with other alternative materials focuses on the production of materials with similar performance and reduced environmental impacts relative to traditional cement. The main aim of this study is to investigate the effect of replacing the cement content with high volume of Pulverised Fuel Ash (PFA) on the mechanical performance of cement mortar. Three mixtures were prepared with different percentages of PFA (20%, 40% and 60%) as replacement of cement along with other mixture that made with 100% cement as a control mixture. In order to evaluate the performance of the cement mortars, compressive strength and Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) tests after 7, 14 and 28 days of curing was used. The results indicated that for all ages of curing, the increase of PFA contents caused a reduction in the compressive strength and UPV in comparison with the control mixture. After 28 days of curing, the results indicated that the mixture incorporated 20% PFA has similar UPV value relative to the control mixture. Such findings will significantly contribute in reducing the cost of the produced mortar by reducing the amount of used cement and this consequently reduce the cement demands/manufacturing. Less production of cement will reduce the Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emissions of the cement industry.

ACS Style

Dhoha Saad Hanoon; Ali Kadhim Sallal; Ali A. Shubbar; Zainab S. Al-Khafaji; Mohammed Salah Nasr; Shahad F. Al-Mamoori; Ali Al-Fehaida; Mustafa S. Abdulraheem; Firas R. Abdulzahra; Ahmed Alkhayyat; Ali Al-Rifaie; Khalid Hashim. Early age assessment of cement mortar incorporated high volume fly ash. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2021, 1090, 012019 .

AMA Style

Dhoha Saad Hanoon, Ali Kadhim Sallal, Ali A. Shubbar, Zainab S. Al-Khafaji, Mohammed Salah Nasr, Shahad F. Al-Mamoori, Ali Al-Fehaida, Mustafa S. Abdulraheem, Firas R. Abdulzahra, Ahmed Alkhayyat, Ali Al-Rifaie, Khalid Hashim. Early age assessment of cement mortar incorporated high volume fly ash. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2021; 1090 (1):012019.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dhoha Saad Hanoon; Ali Kadhim Sallal; Ali A. Shubbar; Zainab S. Al-Khafaji; Mohammed Salah Nasr; Shahad F. Al-Mamoori; Ali Al-Fehaida; Mustafa S. Abdulraheem; Firas R. Abdulzahra; Ahmed Alkhayyat; Ali Al-Rifaie; Khalid Hashim. 2021. "Early age assessment of cement mortar incorporated high volume fly ash." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1090, no. 1: 012019.

Conference paper
Published: 01 March 2021 in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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Cement mortar is a binding material that is made of cement, sand and water. In general, mixes of mortar are made of raw materials. However, using raw materials in producing mortar leads to many environmental and economic issues. One of the most common solutions to reduce these issues is replacing raw materials by waste and/or by-product materials; especially replacing cement. The aim of this research is to explore the characteristics of mortar mixes after partially replacing Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) by Cement Kiln Dust (CKD) at three percentages (10%, 20% and 30%) in terms of initial and final setting time, compressive strength and Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV). The control mortar specimen (mortar containing OPC only) results were adopted for comparison with results of mortar mixes that incorporated CKD. Results showed that increment in CKD replacement percentages led to a decrement in the compressive strength and UPV and an increment in the setting time.

ACS Style

Duaa Al-Faluji; Muna M. Al-Rubaye; Mohammed Salah Nasr; Ali A. Shubbar; Zainab S. Al-Khafaji; Ahmed Alkhayyat; Mustafa S. Abdulraheem. Impact of Substitute Portland Cement with CKD on the Mechanical and Durability Characteristics of Cement Mortar. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2021, 1090, 012035 .

AMA Style

Duaa Al-Faluji, Muna M. Al-Rubaye, Mohammed Salah Nasr, Ali A. Shubbar, Zainab S. Al-Khafaji, Ahmed Alkhayyat, Mustafa S. Abdulraheem. Impact of Substitute Portland Cement with CKD on the Mechanical and Durability Characteristics of Cement Mortar. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2021; 1090 (1):012035.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Duaa Al-Faluji; Muna M. Al-Rubaye; Mohammed Salah Nasr; Ali A. Shubbar; Zainab S. Al-Khafaji; Ahmed Alkhayyat; Mustafa S. Abdulraheem. 2021. "Impact of Substitute Portland Cement with CKD on the Mechanical and Durability Characteristics of Cement Mortar." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1090, no. 1: 012035.

Conference paper
Published: 01 March 2021 in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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The Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) is one of the major ingredient utilized for the manufacture of concrete. The manufacturing of cement includes the release of huge amounts of CO2 gas as a main contributor for greenhouse influence and global warming. Several researchers have investigated the characteristics of OPC concrete utilizing cementitious materials like fly ash, silica fume, and Ground Granulated Blast furnace Slag (GGBS) as replacement materials. The article aims to investigate experimentally the flexural behavior of concrete beams with GGBS. The experimental work was divided into three stages, the first one consists of six reinforced concrete beam specimens with (0%, 40% and 60%) of GGBS. During this stage, the used steel bars were 8 mm diameter and 500 mm in length. In the second stage, the length of the steel bars was reduced to 400 mm with the best mixture of (GGBS+OPC) that obtained from stage 1. In the third stage, the best length of steel bars was used with the best (GGBS+OPC) ratio to be tested at 7, 14 and 28 days from the date of casting. Consequences of this exploration suggests that replacement of OPC with 40 percent GGBS with 500 mm steel bar length can be used in reinforced concrete specimens as it shows comparable results relative to control mixtures (0% GGBS).

ACS Style

Zainab S. Al-Khafaji; Ali Majdi; Ali A. Shubbar; Mohammed Salah Nasr; Shahad F. Al-Mamoori; Abdullah Alkhulaifi; Rafal Latif Al-Mufti; Ali Al-Rifaie; Ahmed Alkhayyat; Khalid Hashim. Impact of high volume GGBS replacement and steel bar length on flexural behaviour of reinforced concrete beams. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2021, 1090, 012015 .

AMA Style

Zainab S. Al-Khafaji, Ali Majdi, Ali A. Shubbar, Mohammed Salah Nasr, Shahad F. Al-Mamoori, Abdullah Alkhulaifi, Rafal Latif Al-Mufti, Ali Al-Rifaie, Ahmed Alkhayyat, Khalid Hashim. Impact of high volume GGBS replacement and steel bar length on flexural behaviour of reinforced concrete beams. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2021; 1090 (1):012015.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zainab S. Al-Khafaji; Ali Majdi; Ali A. Shubbar; Mohammed Salah Nasr; Shahad F. Al-Mamoori; Abdullah Alkhulaifi; Rafal Latif Al-Mufti; Ali Al-Rifaie; Ahmed Alkhayyat; Khalid Hashim. 2021. "Impact of high volume GGBS replacement and steel bar length on flexural behaviour of reinforced concrete beams." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1090, no. 1: 012015.

Conference paper
Published: 01 March 2021 in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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Preserving natural resources and implementing the concepts of sustainable engineering to approach the zero waste concept helped in reducing the detrimental environmental effects in the last two-decade. Proposed re-using of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) as an alternate solution is to get rid of them and profit from them concurrently. In this process, GGBS is used as cement substitute material to enhance mortar characteristics. On the other hand, the required water for concrete mixture should be characterized by several characters, which similar to drinkable water, therefore, using of Latex Rubber as a water substitution reduces the demand for such water in the construction industry. In this project, percentages of GGBS that have been used were 0%, 10%, 30%, and 50% which compatible with (0, 10, 20 and 30) % of Latex Rubber. Suitable tests were performed to measure properties of mortar by GGBS and Latex Rubber such as setting time, compressive strength and Permeability test (Electrical resistivity). The results obtained indicate that the setting time reduced with increasing Rubber Latex in spite of increasing the proportion of water to binder. Additionally, increasing the Latex Rubber amount leads to decrease the compressive strength and electrical resistivity of mortars.

ACS Style

Zainab S. Al-Khafaji; Mayadah W. Falah; Ali A. Shubbar; Mohammed Salah Nasr; Shahad F. Al-Mamoori; Ahmed Alkhayyat; Ali Al-Rifaie; Abdulhadi Eissa; Rafal Latif Al-Mufti; Khalid Hashim. The Impact of Using Different Ratios of Latex Rubber on the Characteristics of Mortars Made with GGBS and Portland Cement. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2021, 1090, 012043 .

AMA Style

Zainab S. Al-Khafaji, Mayadah W. Falah, Ali A. Shubbar, Mohammed Salah Nasr, Shahad F. Al-Mamoori, Ahmed Alkhayyat, Ali Al-Rifaie, Abdulhadi Eissa, Rafal Latif Al-Mufti, Khalid Hashim. The Impact of Using Different Ratios of Latex Rubber on the Characteristics of Mortars Made with GGBS and Portland Cement. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2021; 1090 (1):012043.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zainab S. Al-Khafaji; Mayadah W. Falah; Ali A. Shubbar; Mohammed Salah Nasr; Shahad F. Al-Mamoori; Ahmed Alkhayyat; Ali Al-Rifaie; Abdulhadi Eissa; Rafal Latif Al-Mufti; Khalid Hashim. 2021. "The Impact of Using Different Ratios of Latex Rubber on the Characteristics of Mortars Made with GGBS and Portland Cement." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1090, no. 1: 012043.

Journal article
Published: 14 December 2020 in Karbala International Journal of Modern Science
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ACS Style

Ali A. Shubbar; Monower Sadique; Mohammed S. Nasr; Zainab S. Al-Khafaji; Khalid S. Hashim. The impact of grinding time on properties of cement mortar incorporated high volume waste paper sludge ash. Karbala International Journal of Modern Science 2020, 6, 7 .

AMA Style

Ali A. Shubbar, Monower Sadique, Mohammed S. Nasr, Zainab S. Al-Khafaji, Khalid S. Hashim. The impact of grinding time on properties of cement mortar incorporated high volume waste paper sludge ash. Karbala International Journal of Modern Science. 2020; 6 (4):7.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ali A. Shubbar; Monower Sadique; Mohammed S. Nasr; Zainab S. Al-Khafaji; Khalid S. Hashim. 2020. "The impact of grinding time on properties of cement mortar incorporated high volume waste paper sludge ash." Karbala International Journal of Modern Science 6, no. 4: 7.

Short communication
Published: 26 November 2020 in Case Studies in Construction Materials
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Environmental pollution due to CO2 emissions from the cement industry and the depletion of the natural resources of the aggregate used in the concrete industry call for the need to find alternatives to reduce these harmful effects. Some of these alternatives include the use of supplementary cementitious materials and the reuse of wastes from other industries as cement and aggregate replacement materials. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the possibility of using autoclaved aerated (cellular) concrete blocks waste powder (CCP) that is locally produced as a partial substitute for cement or sand in mortar. Seven mixtures were cast. Three of them made by the substitution of the cement with CCP passed from 0.075 mm sieve (5%, 10% and 15% by weight), and other three mixtures comprised the replacement of natural sand with CCP of size 0.15-0.075 mm (5%, 10% and 20% by weight). A reference mixture (without replacement) was also performed for comparison purposes. The mechanical and water absorption properties were examined. Results indicated that among all tests examined, a sustainable mortar was produced by the substitution of the cement or sand with 10% CCP with an enhancement in the compressive strength without significantly affecting other properties of the mortar.

ACS Style

Mohammed Salah Nasr; Isam Mohamad Ali; Ahmed Mahdi Hussein; Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar; Qassim Thaer Kareem; Ali Talib AbdulAmeer. Utilization of locally produced waste in the production of sustainable mortar. Case Studies in Construction Materials 2020, 13, e00464 .

AMA Style

Mohammed Salah Nasr, Isam Mohamad Ali, Ahmed Mahdi Hussein, Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar, Qassim Thaer Kareem, Ali Talib AbdulAmeer. Utilization of locally produced waste in the production of sustainable mortar. Case Studies in Construction Materials. 2020; 13 ():e00464.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammed Salah Nasr; Isam Mohamad Ali; Ahmed Mahdi Hussein; Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar; Qassim Thaer Kareem; Ali Talib AbdulAmeer. 2020. "Utilization of locally produced waste in the production of sustainable mortar." Case Studies in Construction Materials 13, no. : e00464.

Journal article
Published: 16 November 2020 in Periodica Polytechnica Civil Engineering
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The reactive powder concrete (RPC) is one of the special concrete types that characteristics with high cement content which means high production cost and CO2 emissions to the atmosphere. Therefore, to enhance the environment as well as to develop green RPC, alternatives to cement, such as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) were used. Limited studies addressed the use of a high volume fraction of SCMs as a binary combination in the production of RPC. Thus, this study aims to replace a high percentage of cement (50%) with binary combinations of silica fume (SF), type F fly ash (FA) and metakaolin (MK). The experimental program included two phases. In phase one, two groups (SF+FA and MK+FA) were cast without steel fibers. Based on group performance in the first phase, one group was chosen to be used with steel fibers in the second phase. The flow rate, compressive and flexural strengths, density, ultrasonic pulse velocity and dynamic modulus of elasticity tests were conducted. The phase one results showed that SF+FA combination mixtures had better performance than MK+FA mixtures thus they were selected to be used in the second phase (with the addition of 1% volumetric fraction micro steel fibers). Results indicated that it is possible to produce sustainable RPC in which the cement can be replaced with 30% SF and 20% FA (the total replacement is 50%) in the presence of 1% steel fibers with a remarkable enhancement in compressive strength and flexural strength reached up to 44% and 10%, respectively.

ACS Style

Mohammed S. Nasr; Zaid A. Hasan; Mohammed K. Abed; Mohammed K. Dhahir; Wissam N. Najim; Ali A. Shubbar; Zuhair D. Habeeb. Utilization of High Volume Fraction of Binary Combinations of Supplementary Cementitious Materials in the Production of Reactive Powder Concrete. Periodica Polytechnica Civil Engineering 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Mohammed S. Nasr, Zaid A. Hasan, Mohammed K. Abed, Mohammed K. Dhahir, Wissam N. Najim, Ali A. Shubbar, Zuhair D. Habeeb. Utilization of High Volume Fraction of Binary Combinations of Supplementary Cementitious Materials in the Production of Reactive Powder Concrete. Periodica Polytechnica Civil Engineering. 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammed S. Nasr; Zaid A. Hasan; Mohammed K. Abed; Mohammed K. Dhahir; Wissam N. Najim; Ali A. Shubbar; Zuhair D. Habeeb. 2020. "Utilization of High Volume Fraction of Binary Combinations of Supplementary Cementitious Materials in the Production of Reactive Powder Concrete." Periodica Polytechnica Civil Engineering , no. : 1.

Conference paper
Published: 01 August 2020 in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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ACS Style

Fatemah S. Abdulraheem; Zainab S. Al-Khafaji; Khalid S. Hashim; Magomed Muradov; Patryk Kot; Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar. Natural filtration unit for removal of heavy metals from water. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2020, 888, 1 .

AMA Style

Fatemah S. Abdulraheem, Zainab S. Al-Khafaji, Khalid S. Hashim, Magomed Muradov, Patryk Kot, Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar. Natural filtration unit for removal of heavy metals from water. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2020; 888 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fatemah S. Abdulraheem; Zainab S. Al-Khafaji; Khalid S. Hashim; Magomed Muradov; Patryk Kot; Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar. 2020. "Natural filtration unit for removal of heavy metals from water." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 888, no. : 1.

Conference paper
Published: 01 August 2020 in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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ACS Style

Mohammed Al-Housni; Ameer Hashim Hussein; David Yeboah; Rafid Al Khaddar; Bareq Abdulhadi; Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar; Khalid S. Hashim. Electrochemical removal of nitrate from wastewater. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2020, 888, 1 .

AMA Style

Mohammed Al-Housni, Ameer Hashim Hussein, David Yeboah, Rafid Al Khaddar, Bareq Abdulhadi, Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar, Khalid S. Hashim. Electrochemical removal of nitrate from wastewater. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2020; 888 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammed Al-Housni; Ameer Hashim Hussein; David Yeboah; Rafid Al Khaddar; Bareq Abdulhadi; Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar; Khalid S. Hashim. 2020. "Electrochemical removal of nitrate from wastewater." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 888, no. : 1.

Data article
Published: 03 July 2020 in Data in Brief
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The development in the construction sector and population growth requires an increase in the consumption of construction materials, mainly concrete. Cement is the binder in concrete, so increasing cement production will increase the energy consumed, as well as in the emission of carbon dioxide. This harmful effect of the environment led to the search for alternative materials for cement, as the waste or by-products of other industries is a promising solution in this case. Among these common materials are ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and cement kiln dust (CKD). This dataset describes the compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity of mortar consisted of high content of GGBS and CKD combinations as a partial substitute for cement (up to 80%) at the ages of 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 56, 90 and 550 days. This dataset can help the researchers to understand the behaviour of GGBS and CKD in high replacement levels for cement during early (1 day) and later ages (550 days). According to this understanding, the authors believe that the data available here can be used to produce more environmentally friendly mortar or concrete mixtures by significantly reducing the amount of cement used by replacing it with waste or by-products of other industries.

ACS Style

Hasan Sh Majdi; Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar; Mohammed Nasr; Zainab Al-Khafaji; Hassnen Jafer; Muhammad Abdulredha; Zainab Al Masoodi; Monower Sadique; Khalid Hashim. Experimental data on compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity properties of sustainable mortar made with high content of GGBFS and CKD combinations. Data in Brief 2020, 31, 105961 .

AMA Style

Hasan Sh Majdi, Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar, Mohammed Nasr, Zainab Al-Khafaji, Hassnen Jafer, Muhammad Abdulredha, Zainab Al Masoodi, Monower Sadique, Khalid Hashim. Experimental data on compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity properties of sustainable mortar made with high content of GGBFS and CKD combinations. Data in Brief. 2020; 31 ():105961.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hasan Sh Majdi; Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar; Mohammed Nasr; Zainab Al-Khafaji; Hassnen Jafer; Muhammad Abdulredha; Zainab Al Masoodi; Monower Sadique; Khalid Hashim. 2020. "Experimental data on compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity properties of sustainable mortar made with high content of GGBFS and CKD combinations." Data in Brief 31, no. : 105961.

Journal article
Published: 22 April 2020 in Journal of Building Engineering
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Building materials such as sand, cement, bricks, and steel are usually the main components of the construction sector. All these materials are produced from existing natural resources and they will cause substantial damage to the environment as a result of their continuous depletion. Moreover, during the manufacture of various building materials, especially cement, a high concentration of carbon dioxide is constantly emitted into the atmosphere. Therefore, to reduce this environmental damage as well as to save natural resources, this study was performed to recycle the wastes of some of building materials such as marble, granite and porcelain tiles and clay brick through using them as cement and aggregate replacement materials in cement mortar. Sixteen mixtures were cast for this study. In addition to the control, the mortar mixes were divided into five groups, three mixes in each group. In four of the five groups, cement was replaced in three proportions (5%, 10%, 15% by weight) with each of marble, granite, porcelain and clay brick waste powders (passing through 150-μm sieve). The fifth group included 100% replacing (by weight) of the natural sand with the marble, granite and porcelain tiles wastes (with a comparable gradation). The influence of these wastes on flow rate, compressive strength, flexural strength, bulk density, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) and water absorption tests were observed. Results showed that it is possible to produce an eco-friendly mortar made with 100% recycled marble or porcelain aggregate with a significant improvement in the mechanical and durability properties in comparison with natural aggregate mortar.

ACS Style

Mohammed Salah Nasr; Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar; Zain Al-Abideen Raed Abed; Mohammed Sami Ibrahim. Properties of eco-friendly cement mortar contained recycled materials from different sources. Journal of Building Engineering 2020, 31, 101444 .

AMA Style

Mohammed Salah Nasr, Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar, Zain Al-Abideen Raed Abed, Mohammed Sami Ibrahim. Properties of eco-friendly cement mortar contained recycled materials from different sources. Journal of Building Engineering. 2020; 31 ():101444.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammed Salah Nasr; Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar; Zain Al-Abideen Raed Abed; Mohammed Sami Ibrahim. 2020. "Properties of eco-friendly cement mortar contained recycled materials from different sources." Journal of Building Engineering 31, no. : 101444.

Journal article
Published: 04 March 2020 in Journal of Building Engineering
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This study aims to investigate the effect of cement replacement with high volume fraction of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) and cement kiln dust (CKD) on mechanical, durability and microstructural properties of cement mortar from 1day to 550 days. Compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) were used to evaluate the mortars' performance. Besides, statistical analyses were conducted to predict mortars' mechanical and durability performance as well as investigate the influence of mortars’ properties (mixture and curing time) on their performance. The results indicated that replacing the cement with up to 60% GGBFS and CKD showed a comparable behavior to the cement after 28 days of curing onward. The statistical analysis revealed that the developed models achieved high level of agreement between the predicted and observed results with a coefficient of determination (R2) of more than 0.97. The findings in this study announced on the development of promising binder that can be used in different construction sectors with the benefits of reducing the CO2 emissions.

ACS Style

Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar; Hassnen Jafer; Muhammad Abdulredha; Zainab S. Al-Khafaji; Mohammed Salah Nasr; Zainab Al Masoodi; Monower Sadique. Properties of cement mortar incorporated high volume fraction of GGBFS and CKD from 1 day to 550 days. Journal of Building Engineering 2020, 30, 101327 .

AMA Style

Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar, Hassnen Jafer, Muhammad Abdulredha, Zainab S. Al-Khafaji, Mohammed Salah Nasr, Zainab Al Masoodi, Monower Sadique. Properties of cement mortar incorporated high volume fraction of GGBFS and CKD from 1 day to 550 days. Journal of Building Engineering. 2020; 30 ():101327.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar; Hassnen Jafer; Muhammad Abdulredha; Zainab S. Al-Khafaji; Mohammed Salah Nasr; Zainab Al Masoodi; Monower Sadique. 2020. "Properties of cement mortar incorporated high volume fraction of GGBFS and CKD from 1 day to 550 days." Journal of Building Engineering 30, no. : 101327.

Conference paper
Published: 17 January 2020 in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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Multiple religious events attended by millions of pilgrims take place across the world every year. Large quantities of municipal solid waste are therefore produced which pose serious threats to the management systems of the host cities and negatively affect their attractiveness. Accurate and reliable information about municipal solid waste generation during such events is thus valuable in terms of management planning and resource recovery applications. The current investigation thus aims to estimate waste generation from the service processions, which are temporary tents set up by Iraqis to provide accommodation and services to pilgrims, during such events. To achieve this goal, a pilot questionnaire survey and an on-site municipal solid waste audit were conducted over 20 processions during Ashura, which is one of the largest religious events in the city, being attended by up to 3.5 million pilgrims. The outcomes of this investigation indicated that municipal solid waste generation from processions broadly varied from 22 to 944 kg per day, with an average of 284 kg per day. This variation can be attributed to the number of meals provided by each procession and similar expenditures. These results can thus be taken as a starting point for introducing a proper management system to be used in Kerbala during religious events.

ACS Style

M Abdulredha; A Abdulridha; A A Shubbar; R Alkhaddar; P Kot; D Jordan. Estimating municipal solid waste generation from service processions during the Ashura religious event. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2020, 671, 012075 .

AMA Style

M Abdulredha, A Abdulridha, A A Shubbar, R Alkhaddar, P Kot, D Jordan. Estimating municipal solid waste generation from service processions during the Ashura religious event. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2020; 671 (1):012075.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M Abdulredha; A Abdulridha; A A Shubbar; R Alkhaddar; P Kot; D Jordan. 2020. "Estimating municipal solid waste generation from service processions during the Ashura religious event." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 671, no. 1: 012075.

Conference paper
Published: 01 October 2019 in 2019 12th International Conference on Developments in eSystems Engineering (DeSE)
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The process of cement manufacturing produces a huge amount of carbon dioxide (CO2). The utilization of alternative waste materials from various industrial processes as a partial substitution to cement is encouraged due to environmental and specific technical requirements. This strategy will have the potential to reduce cost of cement, conserve energy, and reduce waste volumes. Therefore, the aim of this research is to investigate effect of the replacement of cement with modified fly ash (MFA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) to reach 80% total replacement on mechanical and durability performance of cement mortar. Normal consistency, the initial and final setting times, compressive strength and electrical resistivity of all the ternary mixtures were determined and compared with the control binder. Compressive strength and electrical resistivity were tested at various curing ages of 3, 7, 14, and 28 days. Test results revealed that the normal consistency of the ternary mixtures increased with increasing the GGBS and MFA content, while the initial and final setting time decreased compared to that of control mixture. The results also showed that the compressive strength of all the ternary blends mortars were lower at early and later ages in comparison with control mortar. The reductions in the compressive strengths of the ternary mixtures T40, T60 and T80 compared to the control mixture were approximately 16%, 29% and 37%, respectively at 28 days. The surface electrical resistivity of ternary blends mixtures was higher than the control mixture at all curing ages. The use of GGBS and MFA in the production of cement mortar and concrete can significantly help in reducing the CO2 emissions of the cement industry and reduce the overall cost of cement.

ACS Style

Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar; Dhiya Al-Jumeily; Ahmed J. Aljaaf; Mohammed Alyafei; Monower Sadique; Jamila Mustafina. Investigating the Mechanical and Durability Performance of Cement Mortar Incorporated Modified Fly Ash and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag as Cement Replacement Materials. 2019 12th International Conference on Developments in eSystems Engineering (DeSE) 2019, 434 -439.

AMA Style

Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar, Dhiya Al-Jumeily, Ahmed J. Aljaaf, Mohammed Alyafei, Monower Sadique, Jamila Mustafina. Investigating the Mechanical and Durability Performance of Cement Mortar Incorporated Modified Fly Ash and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag as Cement Replacement Materials. 2019 12th International Conference on Developments in eSystems Engineering (DeSE). 2019; ():434-439.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar; Dhiya Al-Jumeily; Ahmed J. Aljaaf; Mohammed Alyafei; Monower Sadique; Jamila Mustafina. 2019. "Investigating the Mechanical and Durability Performance of Cement Mortar Incorporated Modified Fly Ash and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag as Cement Replacement Materials." 2019 12th International Conference on Developments in eSystems Engineering (DeSE) , no. : 434-439.

Conference paper
Published: 15 August 2019 in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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ACS Style

Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar; Ali Al-Shaer; Rasha Salah AlKizwini; Khalid Hashim; Hayder Al Hawesah; Monower Sadique. Investigating the influence of cement replacement by high volume of GGBS and PFA on the mechanical performance of cement mortar. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2019, 584, 1 .

AMA Style

Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar, Ali Al-Shaer, Rasha Salah AlKizwini, Khalid Hashim, Hayder Al Hawesah, Monower Sadique. Investigating the influence of cement replacement by high volume of GGBS and PFA on the mechanical performance of cement mortar. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2019; 584 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar; Ali Al-Shaer; Rasha Salah AlKizwini; Khalid Hashim; Hayder Al Hawesah; Monower Sadique. 2019. "Investigating the influence of cement replacement by high volume of GGBS and PFA on the mechanical performance of cement mortar." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 584, no. : 1.

Conference paper
Published: 03 July 2019 in Proceedings of EECE 2020
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The demand on cement in the construction industry has increased significantly due to the growth of industrial sectors. However, as the cement industry contributes to the emissions of 6–8% of CO2 into the atmosphere, it becomes essential to develop alternative materials to reduce the usage of cement. This research aims at developing a new low carbon binder completely from waste materials to be used in construction industry. The performance of four different alkali-activated binary blended mortars made from ground-granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) and high-calcium fly ash (HCFA) was assessed using compressive strength test. The results indicated that the mixture made from (60% GGBS: 40% HCFA) and activated by sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with concentration of 4M and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) solutions together with a Na2SiO3/NaOH ratio of 2 showed a comparable behaviour to the cement with a compressive strength of 39.8 MPa after 28 days of air curing. The findings in this study announced on the development of promising binder that can be used in different construction sectors as an alternative to cement and help in reducing the negative environmental impacts of cement industry.

ACS Style

Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar; Monower Sadique; Hayder Kamil Shanbara; Khalid Hashim. The Development of a New Low Carbon Binder for Construction as an Alternative to Cement. Proceedings of EECE 2020 2019, 205 -213.

AMA Style

Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar, Monower Sadique, Hayder Kamil Shanbara, Khalid Hashim. The Development of a New Low Carbon Binder for Construction as an Alternative to Cement. Proceedings of EECE 2020. 2019; ():205-213.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar; Monower Sadique; Hayder Kamil Shanbara; Khalid Hashim. 2019. "The Development of a New Low Carbon Binder for Construction as an Alternative to Cement." Proceedings of EECE 2020 , no. : 205-213.

Conference paper
Published: 13 June 2019 in Proceedings of EECE 2020
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The quality of an asphalt mix is one of the most important and significant factors that affects the performance of both hot and cold mix flexible pavements. High-quality mixes are often cost-effective as these mixes require less maintenance and increase the service life of the pavements. It is also cost-efficient to replace the semi-experimental flexible pavement design methods with fast and powerful software that includes finite element analysis. Recently utilizing fibres to enhance the bituminous mixtures’ performance under moving loads has been considerably developed. Previous studies show that using natural and synthetic fibres in the bituminous mixtures enhances the mechanical properties of such mixtures, but none exists for the cold mix asphalt. A series of wheel-tracking tests was conducted to evaluate the permanent deformation performance of flexible pavements under different stress levels and temperatures. Very good agreement has been obtained between the developed finite element model and experimental results for determining rutting depth. Results show that the flexible pavements based on cold mix asphalt can be improved under moving loads using natural and synthetic fibres.

ACS Style

Hayder Kamil Shanbara; Ali Shubbar; Felicite Ruddock; William Atherton. Characterizing the Rutting Behaviour of Reinforced Cold Mix Asphalt with Natural and Synthetic Fibres Using Finite Element Analysis. Proceedings of EECE 2020 2019, 221 -227.

AMA Style

Hayder Kamil Shanbara, Ali Shubbar, Felicite Ruddock, William Atherton. Characterizing the Rutting Behaviour of Reinforced Cold Mix Asphalt with Natural and Synthetic Fibres Using Finite Element Analysis. Proceedings of EECE 2020. 2019; ():221-227.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hayder Kamil Shanbara; Ali Shubbar; Felicite Ruddock; William Atherton. 2019. "Characterizing the Rutting Behaviour of Reinforced Cold Mix Asphalt with Natural and Synthetic Fibres Using Finite Element Analysis." Proceedings of EECE 2020 , no. : 221-227.

Review
Published: 20 March 2019 in Construction and Building Materials
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Sustainability in the manufacture of different construction materials raises many important issues. Nowadays, there is increasing demand for such materials to be produced using environmentally friendly, low energy consuming production methods. This paper presents a review of the current research relating to the use of various production techniques for clay-based construction materials. The techniques which will be reviewed are: blending and stabilising, alkali activation (geopolymerisation) and the use of microwave heating as an innovative sintering, curing and drying method. The advantages and disadvantages of each technique will be discussed. Additionally, a comparison between the environmental and economic aspects of the studied production techniques along with some suggestions to improve the sustainability of different production techniques will be discussed.

ACS Style

Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar; Monower Sadique; Patryk Kot; William Atherton. Future of clay-based construction materials – A review. Construction and Building Materials 2019, 210, 172 -187.

AMA Style

Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar, Monower Sadique, Patryk Kot, William Atherton. Future of clay-based construction materials – A review. Construction and Building Materials. 2019; 210 ():172-187.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ali Abdulhussein Shubbar; Monower Sadique; Patryk Kot; William Atherton. 2019. "Future of clay-based construction materials – A review." Construction and Building Materials 210, no. : 172-187.