In the current decade, growing interest has been in using herbs and spices as antioxidants and antiinflammatory agents. This study aims to investigate the chemical composition and evaluation of the antioxidant effect of Cinnamomum cassia extract. First, the chemical composition of C. cassia methanolic extract was determined using the HPLC-MS method. Then, the antioxidant potential was evaluated using the DPPH scavenging and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) methods. For the anti-inflammatory potential, three methods were performed: Membrane stabilization assay and inhibition of protein denaturation. five compounds were identified in the methanolic extract: Quercetin-O-hexoside, Quercetin-O-pentoside, Kaempferol-O-coumaroyl, Diosmin and Cinnamic acid. The methanolic extract exhibited the highest scavenging activity recording activity of 93.08 ± 0.05% at 1000 μg/ mL concentrations compared to the aqueous extract (77.03 ± 0.07%). The methanolic extract also presented the highest value of TAC (208.85 mg AAE/g) compared to the aqueous extract (199.56 ± 0.47 mg AAE/g). Methanolic extract presented the highest percentage for HRBC protection (87.27 ± 0.09%) at concentrations of 1000 μg/ mL. For the protein denaturation method, the aqueous extract showed an inhibition percentage of 32.86 ± 4.66% against methanolic extract (24.56 ± 4.11%). Cinnamomum cassia manifested an important free radical scavenging activity and anti-inflammatory potential. Therefore, it can be considered an alternative treatment against oxidative stress and biomolecules damages.

The rising resistance of plant pathogens to conventional fungicides requires the search for sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative strategies. Fusarium algeriense , a pathogen of durum wheat in the Mediterranean, is considered a major threat to food security. This study explores the antifungal potential of the essential oil from Tetraclinis articulata , using phytochemical, biological, and in silico approaches. The EO extracted by hydrodistillation was characterized by GC–MS, revealing a chemotype dominated by β -caryophyllene (24.73%), bornyl acetate (16.93%), and α -pinene (15.13%), defining an original profile rich in oxygenated sesquiterpenes. In vitro antifungal activity, evaluated by direct contact on agar Czapek Dox’s medium against the characterized isolate FusAlg12 (ITS, GenBank PX864254), showed dose-dependent inhibition of mycelial growth, reaching complete inhibition (100%) at the highest oil concentration (15 μL/mL). A bio-inspired hybrid molecule (HTA1), derived from the main compound, was designed and evaluated by molecular docking on fungal CYP51, a key target enzyme. HTA1 showed high affinity for the catalytic active site (−9.9 kcal/mol), higher than that of the reference ligand fluconazole (−9.1 kcal/mol), suggesting a competitive inhibition mechanism through hydrophobic locking of the active site. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that the CYP51-HTA1 complex is structurally stable, with the ligand maintaining consistent interactions within the binding pocket while preserving protein compactness and conformation. ADMET evaluation indicates a favorable profile for phytosanitary application. These results demonstrate that T. articulata is a promising source of natural antifungal molecules and pave the way for the development of innovative biofungicides targeting a key enzyme in the physiology of phytopathogens.

PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF VARIOUS EXTRACTS OF DIETARY TURNIP (Brassica Rapa L.)

Beta-casein (β-CN) is a major dairy protein subject to preferential degradation during storage. Our study aimed to isolate β-casein from bovine milk under dissociative conditions by the electrophoretic technique using Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and optimize an immunochemical technique such as Mancini radial immunodiffusion in order to monitor the evolution of this milk protein during storage. For this purpose, a series of physicochemical and bacteriological analyses revealed conformity with international standards. This allowed us to use quality milk for more detailed studies of proteins, in particular β-casein, which was selected as a marker of milk protein quality. The total casein of mixed milk samples was isolated and then submitted to electrophoretic separation. Various combinations of acrylamide and bisacrylamide were used and the one corresponding to the ratio 8 g / 230 mg was retained. A total casein deposit of 833 µg provided an adequate b-casein concentration (300 µg) for consistent animal immunization. Thirty Wistar rats were subjected to an immunization protocol for 35 days. The obtained antisera were used to optimize the Mancini technique and to assay b-casein in our samples at different storage times ranging from 3 h to 69 h/+4°C. A decrease in b-casein content from 0.85 mg ml-1 to 0.32 mg ml-1 was detected. These results demonstrate the vulnerability of b-casein at low temperatures and provide information on the origin of milk and its application for dairy or cheese production. In addition, our study confirms the usefulness of immunochemical techniques such as the Mancini test in the determination of β-casein.

Psoriasis is an autoimmune and inflammatory disease that affects the skin cells and is characterized by the presence of plaques covered with squamous. The aim of this study is to determine the epidemiological, ethiopathogenic and therapeutic profile of a psoriatic population. To this purpose, we conducted a retrospective clinical study on 87 psoriatic patients, the parameters under consideration are: sex, age, socio-economic level, personal and family history, disease history (age and site of beginning, triggering factors and symptoms of beginning, type of psoriasis) and therapeutic strategy. Our results showed that psoriasis affects both sexes equally, as it can appear at any age, although it manifests itself preferentially between 21 and 60 years-old , especially in the following populations: urban (60.90%), smokers (44.8%), those with an autoimmune and/or metabolic pathology (50.5%), family character of psoriasis (9.2%). Similarly, medication (32%), stress (17.2%) and psycho-affective shock (11.4%) are the major triggering factors. This pathology is mainly manifested by pruritus (41.4%), of which (71%) of patients have a vulgar type. The therapeutic strategy was rotational between the different therapeutic weapons with a dominance of partial response (43.7%) to therapies.

The current study's main goal is to assess the antioxidant activity, secondary metabolites, and physicochemical quality indices of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) oily extract (Luo), along with the effect of linseed oil addition on the preservation of beef mince during refrigerated storage at 6°C. The oil was extracted by the Soxhlet method from Linum usitatissimum seeds with a yield of 53.96%, and its physicochemical and biological quality were assessed. The results showed that the oil met international standards, with values of refractive index (1.4764), acid index (0.40± 0.06 mg KOH/g), saponification index (177± 0.66 mg KOH/g), ester index (176.6 ± 0.66 mg KOH/g), and peroxide index (1.5 ± 0.66 meq d’O2/kg). Secondary metabolite analysis revealed that the concentrations of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, flavonols, and condensed tannins were (0.50±0.04mg GAE/ml oil), (0.39±0.02mg QE/ml oil), (0.038±0.003mg QE/ml oil), and (0.036±0.002 mg CE/ml oil), respectively. However, IC50 value was 0.54±0.06 mg/ml, demonstrated a remarkable ability to scavenge the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH-). Likewise, pH of the ground meat enriched with flaxseed oil was extremely high compared to the control meat. Ultimately, Linum usitatissimum oil was abundant in bioactive and antioxidant molecules. This suggests that flaxseed oil could be used to promote the food industry as a preservative.