Rice cultivation requires plenty of water for its proper growth, development, and productivity. The regular life cycle of rice plants is disrupted by moderate to severe drought. Both abscisic acid (ABA) and salicylic acid (SA) have involvement in rice physiology under drought. With the limited information, we aimed to study the relationship between ABA and SA concentration in leaves of rice plants under drought. The experiment was performed on a drought-sensitive variety of Swarna MTU 7029 rice. The HPLC method was used to analyse the endogenous ABA and SA content. This study provided data on ABA and SA content in 0.5 mM SA treated and untreated 56 days old rice plants at 7, 14 and 28 days of drought. The result showed that the concentration of ABA was enhanced by 74.6%, 82.8%, and 99.4% during 7, 14, and 28 days of drought, respectively, while it was increased by 64.6%, 74.3% and 78.5% in SA treated plants under 7, 14 and 28 days drought, respectively. The concentration of SA enhanced by 132.2%, 19.7%, and 3.0% during 7, 14, and 28 days of drought, while it was increased to 137.5%, 54.8%, and 23.2% in SA treated plants under 7, 14, and 28 days drought, respectively. This explains that on the 7th day of drought stress, SA may suppress the formation of ABA but not much on the 14th and 28th days of drought stress in treated rice plants. This outcome helps study the interaction of ABA and SA at the gene level under drought stress.

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) arise from non-enzymatic reactions between extracellular proteins and glucose. AGEs’ formation occurs during normal ageing but distinctly accelerate with the progression of chronic disease. Pentosidine is a very sensitive marker for all AGEs. We investigated whether serum pentosidine was increased and correlated with healthy elderly individuals (80–102 years) and the disease groups (hypertension 60–77 years; and coronary artery disease 60–77 years). Measurement of serum pentosidine levels in healthy elderly individuals is n = 38, hypertensive patients n = 38, and coronary artery diseases n = 31(treated with drugs). Drugs for the treatment of CAD work as inhibitors of advanced glycation end products. Serum levels of pentosidine are measured by using sandwich ELISA. Serum pentosidine concentrations were significantly higher in hypertensive patients (1910.5 ± 302.6 pmol/ml) in comparison with healthy elderly individuals (1605.1 ± 596.5 pmol/ml) as well as in coronary artery disease (1495 ± 531.8 pmol/ml), p = .002. Within the age-dependent serum concentration of pentosidine was higher (2148.5 ± 209.8) p = 0.988 in hypertension (˃ 70 years). A multiple linear stepwise regression analysis concludes that in patients with hypertension, serum pentosidine was significantly influenced with the age (standardized β = 0.440, 95%CI: 5.49–30.05, p = .006). The receiver operating characteristic curves for the presence of hypertension diagnosis had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.675; (95% CI: 0.575–0.775, p = .003). The optimal cutoff value of pentosidine was 1120 pmol/ml with 97.4% sensitivity and 76.8% specificity. Serum pentosidine is significantly associated with hypertension in the study group also within their age group. It may be due to atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness.