Copper-based nanocomposites have gained growing attention due to their high stability, reusability, biocompatibility, and antimicrobial properties, including antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties.

Nanotechnology involves the exploration and utilization of materials and devices on a nanoscale, focusing on the engineering of matter at atomic, molecular, and supramolecular levels. It holds immense potential across a broad spectrum of industries, including materials science, electronics, and medicine. Nanotechnology offers promising solutions in medicine, encompassing targeted drug delivery, imaging, and diagnostics. In this chapter, our primary emphasis will be on the characteristics and synthesis of nanomaterials, along with their biomedical and biotechnological applications. The process of fabricating nanomaterials involves various methods, broadly classified into two main approaches: top–down and bottom–up. Each approach presents unique advantages and is suitable for various applications within nanotechnology. The traditional nanomaterial fabrication method typically involves the use of either inorganic or organic chemicals as reducing or stabilizing agents. The toxicity of synthetic chemicals, challenges with disposal, and environmental concerns have prompted industries and researchers to explore green synthesis technologies. This includes the use of plant extracts such as stems and leaves, agricultural wastes, and microbes like algae and bacteria. Metal-coated nanomaterials offer diverse applications in healthcare, ranging from enhancing medical imaging to facilitating tissue regeneration, thereby contributing to improved diagnosis and treatment. This chapter highlights the potential of nanotechnology to revolutionize the healthcare industry by offering targeted treatments, safer diagnostics, and enhanced biomedical devices. <!----> <!----> <!----> <!---->