Purpose: We propose cloud IoT based LMS (Livestock Management System) with three features. i) Animal healthcare monitoring and recording using IoT sensors via wearable collar, ii) Animal livestock identification using UID for animals (smart tag) and owners (smart card), iii) QR code reading, processing and display of the details in mobile via wireless technologies. Design/methodology/approach: The developed animal monitoring device is used to detect animal physiological parameters such as body temperature; physical gestures like sitting, standing, eating and heartbeat, environmental parameters such as air temperature and relative humidity. Also, e-animal husbandry information network management system is the comprehensive web-based animal husbandry software designed for better interaction between veterinary hospital, veterinary doctor, owner, farmer and animal husbandry management. Findings: Animal monitoring device mounted on the neck sense the values and predict the health status of the animal by using cloud IoT analytics platform. The accuracy of the system is 90 per cent and it can be well placed in the livestock environment. Research limitations/implications: This research is carried out in livestock cows located in Tirunelveli district. The practical difficulty was in placing sensors on the animal. The digital feed from the farmers and the veterinary hospital is input in the animal husbandry management software. Practical implications: The developed system can be implemented for monitoring the health status of the animal from anywhere using mobile applications. Also, the digitized animal information helps the government to take the right decisions on policies and fund allocation. Social implications: The implemented system can be easily scaled up to large environments by using wireless communication and animal husbandry data will be available immediately. UID scheme for animals can uniquely identify the animal and its details. Originality/value: The proposed work implements novel livestock monitoring and analytics system along with Aadhar (Unique ID) for animal. The proposed UID scheme is innovative and unique.

Cryptocurrencies, like Bitcoin and Ethereum, have garnered global attention in recent years as digital alternatives to traditional fiat currencies. This paper explores the complex landscape of cryptocurrency adoption, consumer behavior, and perceptions. Beginning with the origin of cryptocurrencies and the dominance of Bitcoin with its USD 1.23 trillion market capitalization, the paper highlights popular online platforms facilitating Bitcoin trading. It also examines the varying legal statuses and regulations across different countries, with a notable divide between Eastern and Western nations, attributed to factors like wealth, risk tolerance, and government restrictions. The role of blockchain technology as the foundation of cryptocurrencies is explained, emphasizing its role in ensuring secure and transparent transactions. The paper delves into the processes involved in handling cryptocurrencies, including the blockchain, exchanges, wallets, and mining. Consumer behavior and the factors influencing cryptocurrency usage are analyzed, with a focus on speculation, algorithm trust, spending power, and demographics. Survey findings and case studies from diverse geographical areas reveal patterns of adoption and local consumer perceptions. The paper concludes by discussing the cryptocurrency market’s inherent volatility and sensitivity to regulatory changes, as well as the different types of cryptocurrencies and online exchanges shaping this evolving financial landscape. Overall, it offers insights into the complex dynamics surrounding cryptocurrency adoption and its potential impact on global finance.

Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) is the network of wireless mobile nodes with self-organizing, dynamic network connectivity without any pre-defined infrastructure for wireless communication. Error-less data broadcasting is the major role in MANET transmission. With the salient feature of dynamic topology and the distributed infrastructure, multipath routing is of great interests in MANETs. Multipath routing methods are dependable on adjacent nodes for finding the shortest path that several data packets are fallen to network traffic. Attention on the adjacent nodes can have the end-to-end delay while broadcasting the data packets into other nodes that finish up being fallen to congestion. It will also reduce network throughput and cause the network optimality problem. In this paper, we propose a new link-disjoint multipath routing method to solve the optimization problem in the real-time network environment. Hence, the proposed method is used to choose the shortest path from multiple paths in MANETs. Simulation results proved that the proposed method performs well in the dynamic network environment.