Purpose: In contrast to existing studies, this paper aims to propose that digital transformation does not depend on a single condition; rather, it depends on the interaction between internal and external factors of a firm. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to examine the effect of a combination of internal and external factors on a firm's digital transformation intention.Design/methodology/approach: An empirical analysis on a sample of 112 Chinese small- and medium-sized firms was conducted by applying smart-PLS and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA).Findings: The results of smart PLS show that external pressures (institutional and market pressures) and human capital have a positive impact on corporate digital transformation intentions. From a combination perspective, the results of the fsQCA show that there are five causal conditions that lead to high digital transformation intention. In contrast to the net effect, the results of fsQCA show that different combinations of states of internal (human capital, organizational culture and technological capital) and external elements (institutional and market pressures) of the firm are likely to stimulate digital transformation intention.Originality/value: This study provides empirically based insights into firms' digital transformation intentions and advances the current understanding of the drivers and inhibitors of digital transformation. Unlike most current research, which tends to focus on the net effect of factors influencing the digital transformation of enterprises, this study focuses on identifying the core elements influencing enterprises' digital transformation intention, especially the joint effect of different factors, both internal and external to the enterprise. The combined SEM and fsQCA findings of this paper not only enrich the existing theories on digital transformation but also have high value in guiding the digital transformation of firms.

Mobile Food Ordering Apps (MFOAs) programs have changed the way consumers order and consume food. Mobile Food Ordering Apps (MFOAs) are widely recognized in the restaurant industry as an innovative method of serving customers; however, there are important questions about the impact of implementing MFOAs on customers’ willingness to reuse such applications, and several studies have examined the results of using MFOAs from a customer perspective. The main objective of this study was to identify and empirically test the main factors that predict Chinese users’ attitudes toward MFOAs, the satisfaction and re-use of such applications, and the moderating role of habits. This study proposes an integrated model based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Expectation Confirmation Theory (ECT), combined with the features of MFOA-added variables such as online reviews, price value and trust. A total of 212 valid questionnaires were obtained and collected from a sample of Chinese customers using MFOAs. This study uses SPSS 26.0 and smartPLS version 3.0 for a path analysis and empirical testing of the research model. There are 13 hypotheses, 6 of which are valid. H2(PE → SAT), H3(OR → SAT), H5(EOU → ATT), H6(PV → ATT), H7(TR → ATT), and H9(SAT → CI) are valid. However, H1(CON →SAT), H4(USF → ATT), H8(TR → CI), H10(ATT → CI) are not valid, and HAB does not play a moderating role between CI and SAT, CI and ATT, and CI and TR. Based on the research results, theoretical contributions and practical implications can be provided for scholars and practitioners in MFOA-related fields.

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to investigate the factors influencing citizens' willingness to participate in the development of smart cities.Design/methodology/approach: Citizens drawn from 30 second-tier cities in China were chosen as the research object for this empirical research. Based on citizenship behavior theory, research hypotheses were tested and analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM).Findings: The results indicated that information publicity has a direct and positive effect on residents' participation behavior. Perceived benefits, personal responsibility and subjective norms are positively associated with residents' citizenship. Additionally, citizenship was found to affect residents' participation intention positively. Finally, the moderating effect of information credibility in this context was also verified.Originality/value: As one of the first empirical studies on this topic, this paper offers important guidance for future research regarding residents' participation in the development of smart cities. On this basis, the implications of this research with respect to policies that aim to encourage residents to participate in the construction of smart cities are discussed.