Microbiota modification by probiotic supplementation reduces colitis associated colon cancer in mice

Objective: This study sought to evaluate the anemia prevalence and effect of anemia treatment in pregnant adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional study. Data from perinatal outcomes, serum hemoglobin level and iron supplementation were collected. Samples were divided into three groups: pregnant adolescents without anemia, with treated anemia and with untreated anemia. Frequencies, means, standard deviations and Chi-squared values were calculated. The significance level was 5%, and the software used was Epi-info 7. Results: The study included 458 pregnant adolescents. The mean age was 16 years old, and the prevalence of anemia was 41.27% (189). Mild, moderate or severe anemia were presented in 65.60%, 33.86% and 0.52%, respectively, of study participants. Among pregnant adolescents with anemia, 87.24% received treatment with iron supplementation. Preterm labor (p = 0.003), gestational age at birth <37 weeks (p = 0.036) and stillbirth (p = 0.004) showed an association with nontreated anemia. Positive HIV was more prevalent in adolescents with nontreated anemia (p = 0.018). The cesarean rate was 36.90%, with no difference between groups. Conclusion: Anemia is a public health problem among pregnant adolescents, and iron supplementation reduces negative neonatal outcomes. Treatment adherence by a multidisciplinary and qualified prenatal care team can be key in reducing adverse neonatal outcomes associated with pregnancy during adolescence.

Objective: To analyze the relationship between parity, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), and gestational weight gain (GWG). Methods: This observational controlled study was conducted from November 2013 to April 2014, with postpartum women who started antenatal care up to 14 weeks and had full-term births. Data were collected from medical records and antenatal cards. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were performed. The significance level was 5%. Results: Data were collected from 130 primiparous and 160 multiparous women. At the beginning of prenatal care, 54.62% of the primiparous were eutrophic, while the majority of multiparous were overweight or obese (62.51%). Multiparas are two times more likely to be obese at the beginning of their pregnancies, when compared to primiparas. The average pre-pregnancy weight and final pregnancy weight was significantly higher in multiparous, however, the mean GWG was higher among primiparous. Conclusion: We found an inverse correlation between parity and the total GWG, but initial BMI was significantly higher in multiparas. Nevertheless, monitoring of the GWG through actions that promote a healthier lifestyle is needed, regardless of parity and nutritional status, in order to prevent excessive GWG and postpartum weight retention and consequently inadequate pre-pregnancy nutritional status in future pregnancies.

Studies that address dietary intake theme during pregnancy are generally centered on specific nutrients or on dietary patterns. However, the maternal dietary profile according to the degree of food...

Objective To evaluate the social, obstetric and psychological risk factors related to repeat pregnancy in teenagers. Methods A case control study conducted at Centro de Atenção à Saúde Integral da Mulher (Caism, in the Portuguese acronym), in Campinas, Brazil, from 2015 to 2017. Three groups were selected: a case-group of adolescents who had repeat pregnancy and two control-groups, one consisting of adolescents who had delivered at first time and another one of adult women with more than one deliveries. Participants were asked about habits, socio-demographics characteristics, reproductive and obstetric history and assessed psychological issues. Results Ninety women were enrolled, 30 in each study group. Adolescents with repeat pregnancy have lower self-esteem scores and more ineffective contraceptive use. When compared with teens at first delivery, they had less schooling level (odds ratio [OR] 4.03 [1.37–11.8]), more school abandon (OR 8.16 [2.36–28.2]) and drugs use (OR 4.97[1.39–17.8]). Non-white skin color (OR 6.2 [1.15–41.0]), drugs use (OR 17.5 [2.62–116.6]) and first sexual intercourse under 15y (OR 18.0[2.82–115.0]) were found as higher risk factors for repeat pregnancy when comparing adolescents and adults. Moreover, adolescents with more than one gestation had lower self-esteem and greater susceptibility to unplanned pregnancy. Conclusion There was an association between repeat pregnancy among adolescents and lower education, early onset of sexual activity, non-white skin color, low use of contraception and increased use of drugs.

Objective: Pregnancy in adolescence is a global health issue, especially in developing countries. Additionally, the recommended gestational weight gain (GWG) is usually based on pre-pregnancy BMI and that might be complex for pregnant teens. The study objective was to compare three different methods of BMI classification and suggest the best way of determining pre-pregnancy BMI and monitoring GWG among pregnant adolescents.Design: Pre-pregnancy weight, weight at first prenatal visit, height, sociodemographic, reproductive and perinatal data were collected. Weighted kappa and McNemar statistics were used to assess agreement between the classification methods.Setting: Prof. Dr Jose Aristodemo Pinotti Women’s Hospital, University of Campinas, Brazil.Participants: Primiparas younger than 19 years of age and with less than 20 weeks of gestational age (n 150).Results: BMI of the primiparas was determined according to the WHO recommendation for adult women, the Child Growth Standards (CGS) and their gynaecological age (GA). The WHO and GA measurements presented a strong agreement with each other (κ_w=0·99; 95 % CI 0·97, 1·00), but did not agree with the CGS classification (κ_w=0·62; 95 % CI 0·50, 0·74 by WHO; κ_w=0·62; 95 % CI 0·51, 0·74 by GA). Also, inadequate GWG was observed in 72·2 % of cases and was correlated with a higher rate of caesarean birth.Conclusions: BMI classification according to the CGS differed from WHO and GA. However, CGS and WHO agreed on perinatal outcomes. We recommend using BMI classification by WHO to assess pregnant adolescents, since it is easily applied and better known among health professionals.