In this work, the adsorption and sensing behaviors of Rh-doped MoTe₂ (Rh-MoTe₂) monolayer upon SO₂, SOF₂, and SO₂F₂ are investigated using first-principles theory, wherein the Rh doping behavior on the pure MoTe₂ surface is included as well. Results indicate that T_Mo is the preferred Rh doping site with E_b of − 2.69 eV, and on the Rh-MoTe₂ surface, SO₂ and SO₂F₂ are identified as chemisorption with E_ad of − 2.12 and − 1.65 eV, respectively, while SOF₂ is physically adsorbed with E_ad of − 0.46 eV. The DOS analysis verifies the adsorption performance and illustrates the electronic behavior of Rh doping on gas adsorption. Band structure and frontier molecular orbital analysis provide the basic sensing mechanism of Rh-MoTe₂ monolayer as a resistance-type sensor. The recovery behavior supports the potential of Rh-doped surface as a reusable SO₂ sensor and suggests its exploration as a gas scavenger for removal of SO₂F₂ in SF₆ insulation devices. The dielectric function manifests that Rh-MoTe₂ monolayer is a promising optical sensor for selective detection of three gases. This work is beneficial to explore Rh-MoTe₂ monolayer as a sensing material or a gas adsorbent to guarantee the safe operation of SF₆ insulation devices in an easy and high-efficiency manner.

The stability and grafting efficiency are important for polydopamine (pDA) coatings used as platforms for secondary grafting.

Nitric oxide (NO) appears to be involved in virtually every aspect of cardiovascular biology. Most attention has been focused on the role of endothelial-derived NO in basal blood flow regulation by relaxing vascular smooth muscle; however, it is now known that NO derived from red blood cells (RBCs) plays a fundamental role in vascular homeostasis by enhancing oxygen (O₂) release at the cellular and physiological level. Hypoxia is an often seen problem in diverse conditions; systemic adaptations to hypoxia permit people to adjust to the hypoxic environment at high altitudes and to disease processes. In addition to the cardiopulmonary and hematologic adaptations that support systemic O₂ delivery in hypoxia, RBCs assist through newly described NO-based mechanisms, in line with their vital role in O₂ transport and delivery. Furthermore, to increase the local blood flow in proportion to metabolic demand, NO regulates membrane mechanical properties thereby modulating RBC deformability and O₂ carrying–releasing function. In this review article, we focus on the effect of NO bioactivity on RBC-based mechanisms that regulate blood flow and RBC deformability. RBC adaptations to hypoxia are summarized, with particular attention to NO-dependent S-nitrosylation of membrane proteins and hemoglobin (S-nitrosohemoglobin). The NO/S-nitrosylation/RBC vasoregulatory cascade contributes fundamentally to the molecular understanding of the role of NO in human adaptation to hypoxia and may inform novel therapeutic strategies.

In order to investigate the pore properties and effect of storage time on the microstructure of CO₂-dried aerogels, chitosan aerogel beads were obtained from chitosan hydrogels with an initial concentration in the range of 1.5–3.0 wt% through SCCO₂ drying and freeze-drying (as a comparison). The SCCO₂-dried chitosan aerogels showed a three-dimensional network structure, and had higher BET surface area (200 m² g⁻¹) and higher crystallinity (0.62/XRD, 0.80/ATR-FTIR) than the freeze-dried aerogels. The stability of the microstructure of the SCCO₂-dried chitosan aerogel beads during 10 months was studied. The BET surface area of the aerogel beads at each concentration declined by 30.5% at 2 months, 56.7% at 6 months and 67.2% at 10 months. Accelerated aging tests of the chitosan aerogel beads were carried out to study the effect of humidity on the chitosan aerogel beads. The average diameter of the chitosan aerogel decreased from 2.3 mm to 0.9 mm when stored at 65 °C with 90% relative humidity (RH). In contrast, there was no obvious change during storage at 65 °C with 20% RH. The amount of adsorbed water increased from 4% to 12% at 65 °C with 90% RH for 96 h, and the bound water content of the aerogel beads gradually increased. This study demonstrates that SCCO₂-dried chitosan aerogel beads could be better at maintaining their mesoporous structure, and the adsorption of water from the surrounding air had a significant effect on the microstructure and shrinkage of the chitosan aerogel beads.