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Tang-Huang Lin's research interests focused on the monitoring of environmental and climate changes via satellite observations and the impacts of analysis, including aerosol partition (type and mixed status), ambient PM2.5 exposure on public health, urbanization effects on heat island and regional weather, and monsoon effect on typhoon rainfall potential. His current focus has been on applying satellite data to retrieve aerosol optical properties for the monitoring of long-range pollutants transport and to construct 3-D PM2.5 initial for the model simulation. In addition, his research involves applying polar (MODIS) and geostationary (Himawari-8) satellite data for sandstorm/dust storm, biomass burning and anthropogenic pollutants detection, and atmospheric environment monitoring (thermal and air pollution).
This study introduced satellite-derived aerosol optical depth (AOD) in land use regression (LUR) modeling to predict ambient concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and its elemental composition. Twenty-four daily samples were collected from 17 air quality monitoring sites (N = 408) in Taiwan in 2014. A total of 12 annual LUR models were developed for PM2.5 and 11 elements, including aluminum, calcium, chromium, iron, potassium, manganese, sulfur, silicon, titanium, vanadium, and zinc. After applied AOD and a derived-predictor, AOD percentage, in modeling, the number of models with leave-one-out cross-validation R2 > 0.40 significantly increased from 5 to 9, indicating the substantial benefits for the construction of spatial prediction models. Sensitivity analyses of using data stratified by PM2.5 concentrations revealed that the model performances were further improved in the high pollution season.
Chun-Sheng Huang; Ho-Tang Liao; Tang-Huang Lin; Jung-Chi Chang; Chien-Lin Lee; Eric Yip; Yee-Lin Wu; Chang-Fu Wu. Evaluation of Using Satellite-Derived Aerosol Optical Depth in Land Use Regression Models for Fine Particulate Matter and Its Elemental Composition. Atmosphere 2021, 12, 1018 .
AMA StyleChun-Sheng Huang, Ho-Tang Liao, Tang-Huang Lin, Jung-Chi Chang, Chien-Lin Lee, Eric Yip, Yee-Lin Wu, Chang-Fu Wu. Evaluation of Using Satellite-Derived Aerosol Optical Depth in Land Use Regression Models for Fine Particulate Matter and Its Elemental Composition. Atmosphere. 2021; 12 (8):1018.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChun-Sheng Huang; Ho-Tang Liao; Tang-Huang Lin; Jung-Chi Chang; Chien-Lin Lee; Eric Yip; Yee-Lin Wu; Chang-Fu Wu. 2021. "Evaluation of Using Satellite-Derived Aerosol Optical Depth in Land Use Regression Models for Fine Particulate Matter and Its Elemental Composition." Atmosphere 12, no. 8: 1018.
In 2018, 70% of global fatalities due to pneumonia occurred in about fifteen countries, with Tanzania being among the top eight countries contributing to these deaths. Environmental and individual factors contributing to these deaths may be multifaceted, but they have not yet been explored in Tanzania. Therefore, in this study, we explore the association between climate change and the occurrence of pneumonia in the Tanga Region, Tanzania. A time series study design was employed using meteorological and health data of the Tanga Region collected from January 2016 to December 2018 from the Tanzania Meteorological Authority and Health Management Information System, respectively. The generalized negative binomial regression technique was used to explore the associations between climate indicators (i.e., precipitation, humidity, and temperature) and the occurrence of pneumonia. There were trend differences in climate indicators and the occurrence of pneumonia between the Tanga and Handeni districts. We found a positive association between humidity and increased rates of non-severe pneumonia (incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 1.01; 95% CI: 1.01–1.02; p ≤ 0.05) and severe pneumonia (IRR = 1.02; 95% CI: 1.01–1.03; p ≤ 0.05). There was also a significant association between cold temperatures and the rate of severe pneumonia in Tanga (IRR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.11–1.33; p ≤ 0.001). Other factors that were associated with pneumonia included age and district of residence. We found a positive relationship between humidity, temperature, and incidence of pneumonia in the Tanga Region. Policies focusing on prevention and control, as well as promotion strategies relating to climate change-related health effects should be developed and implemented.
Samweli Miyayo; Patrick Owili; Miriam Muga; Tang-Huang Lin. Analysis of Pneumonia Occurrence in Relation to Climate Change in Tanga, Tanzania. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 4731 .
AMA StyleSamweli Miyayo, Patrick Owili, Miriam Muga, Tang-Huang Lin. Analysis of Pneumonia Occurrence in Relation to Climate Change in Tanga, Tanzania. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (9):4731.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSamweli Miyayo; Patrick Owili; Miriam Muga; Tang-Huang Lin. 2021. "Analysis of Pneumonia Occurrence in Relation to Climate Change in Tanga, Tanzania." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 9: 4731.
Quantifying aerosol compositions (e.g., type, loading) from remotely sensed measurements by spaceborne, suborbital and ground-based platforms is a challenging task. In this study, the first and second-order spectral derivatives of aerosol optical depth (AOD) with respect to wavelength are explored to determine the partitions of the major components of aerosols based on the spectral dependence of their particle optical size and complex refractive index. With theoretical simulations from the Second Simulation of a Satellite Signal in the Solar Spectrum (6S) model, AOD spectral derivatives are characterized for collective models of aerosol types, such as mineral dust (DS) particles, biomass-burning (BB) aerosols and anthropogenic pollutants (AP), as well as stretching out to the mixtures among them. Based on the intrinsic values from normalized spectral derivatives, referenced as the Normalized Derivative Aerosol Index (NDAI), a unique pattern is clearly exhibited for bounding the major aerosol components; in turn, fractions of the total AOD (fAOD) for major aerosol components can be extracted. The subtlety of this NDAI method is examined by using measurements of typical aerosol cases identified carefully by the ground-based Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) sun–sky spectroradiometer. The results may be highly practicable for quantifying fAOD among mixed-type aerosols by means of the normalized AOD spectral derivatives.
Tang-Huang Lin; Si-Chee Tsay; Wei-Hung Lien; Neng-Huei Lin; Ta-Chih Hsiao. Spectral Derivatives of Optical Depth for Partitioning Aerosol Type and Loading. Remote Sensing 2021, 13, 1544 .
AMA StyleTang-Huang Lin, Si-Chee Tsay, Wei-Hung Lien, Neng-Huei Lin, Ta-Chih Hsiao. Spectral Derivatives of Optical Depth for Partitioning Aerosol Type and Loading. Remote Sensing. 2021; 13 (8):1544.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTang-Huang Lin; Si-Chee Tsay; Wei-Hung Lien; Neng-Huei Lin; Ta-Chih Hsiao. 2021. "Spectral Derivatives of Optical Depth for Partitioning Aerosol Type and Loading." Remote Sensing 13, no. 8: 1544.
Globally, it was estimated that maternal and under-five deaths were high in low-income countries than that of high-income countries. Most studies, however, have focused only on the clinical causes of maternal and under-five deaths, and yet there could be other factors such as ambient particulate matter (PM). The current global estimates indicate that exposure to ambient PM2.5 (with ≤ 2.5 microns aerodynamic diameter) has caused about 7 million deaths and over 100 million disability-adjusted life-years. There are also several health risks that have been linked PM2.5, including mortality, both regionally and globally; however, PM2.5 is a mixture of many compounds from various sources. Globally, there is little evidence of the health effects of various types of PM2.5, which may uniquely contribute to the global burden of disease. Currently, only two studies had estimated the effects of discriminated ambient PM2.5, that is, anthropogenic, biomass and dust, on under-five and maternal mortality using satellite measurements, and this study found a positive association in Africa and Asia. However, the study area was conducted in only one region and may not reflect the spatial variations throughout the world. Therefore, in this study, we discriminated different ambient PM2.5 and estimated the effects on a global scale. Using the generalized linear mixed-effects model (GLMM) with a random-effects model, we found that biomass PM2.5 was associated with an 8.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 4.1–13.9%) increased risk of under-five deaths, while dust PM2.5 was marginally associated with 9.5% of under-five deaths. Nevertheless, our study found no association between PM2.5 type and global maternal deaths. This result may be because the majority of maternal deaths could be associated with preventable deaths that would require clinical interventions. Identification of the mortality-related types of ambient PM2.5 can enable the development of a focused intervention strategy of placing appropriate preventive measures for reducing the generation of source-specific PM2.5 and subsequently diminishing PM2.5-related mortality.
Patrick Opiyo Owili; Tang-Huang Lin; Miriam Adoyo Muga; Wei-Hung Lien. Impacts of discriminated PM2.5 on global under-five and maternal mortality. Scientific Reports 2020, 10, 1 -13.
AMA StylePatrick Opiyo Owili, Tang-Huang Lin, Miriam Adoyo Muga, Wei-Hung Lien. Impacts of discriminated PM2.5 on global under-five and maternal mortality. Scientific Reports. 2020; 10 (1):1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StylePatrick Opiyo Owili; Tang-Huang Lin; Miriam Adoyo Muga; Wei-Hung Lien. 2020. "Impacts of discriminated PM2.5 on global under-five and maternal mortality." Scientific Reports 10, no. 1: 1-13.
The vertical distribution of aerosols is important for accurate surface PM2.5 retrieval and initial modeling forecasts of air pollution, but the observation of aerosol profiles on the regional scale is usually limited. Therefore, in this study, an approach to aerosol extinction profile fitting is proposed to improve surface PM2.5 retrieval from satellite observations. Owing to the high similarity of the single-peak extinction profile in the distribution pattern, the log-normal distribution is explored for the fitting model based on a decadal dataset (3248 in total) from Micro Pulse LiDAR (MPL) measurements. The logarithmic mean, standard deviation, and the height of peak extinction near-surface (Mode) are manually derived as the references for model construction. Considering the seasonal impacts on the planetary boundary layer height (PBLH), Mode, and the height of the surface layer, the extinction profile is then constructed in terms of the planetary boundary layer height (PBLH) and the total column aerosol optical depth (AOD). A comparison between fitted profiles and in situ measurements showed a high level of consistency in terms of the correlation coefficient (0.8973) and root-mean-square error (0.0415). The satellite AOD is subsequently applied for three-dimensional aerosol extinction, and the good agreement of the extinction coefficient with the PM2.5 within the surface layer indicates the good performance of the proposed fitting approach and the potential of satellite observations for providing accurate PM2.5 data on a regional scale.
Tang-Huang Lin; Kuo-En Chang; Hai-Po Chan; Ta-Chih Hsiao; Neng-Huei Lin; Ming-Tung Chuang; Hung-Yi Yeh. Potential Approach for Single-Peak Extinction Fitting of Aerosol Profiles Based on In Situ Measurements for the Improvement of Surface PM2.5 Retrieval from Satellite AOD Product. Remote Sensing 2020, 12, 2174 .
AMA StyleTang-Huang Lin, Kuo-En Chang, Hai-Po Chan, Ta-Chih Hsiao, Neng-Huei Lin, Ming-Tung Chuang, Hung-Yi Yeh. Potential Approach for Single-Peak Extinction Fitting of Aerosol Profiles Based on In Situ Measurements for the Improvement of Surface PM2.5 Retrieval from Satellite AOD Product. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12 (13):2174.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTang-Huang Lin; Kuo-En Chang; Hai-Po Chan; Ta-Chih Hsiao; Neng-Huei Lin; Ming-Tung Chuang; Hung-Yi Yeh. 2020. "Potential Approach for Single-Peak Extinction Fitting of Aerosol Profiles Based on In Situ Measurements for the Improvement of Surface PM2.5 Retrieval from Satellite AOD Product." Remote Sensing 12, no. 13: 2174.
Thermal infrared (TIR) satellite images are generally employed to retrieve land surface temperature (LST) data in remote sensing. LST data have been widely used in evapotranspiration (ET) estimation based on satellite observations over broad regions, as well as the surface dryness associated with vegetation index. Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) and Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) can provide LST data with a 30-m spatial resolution. However, rapid changes in environmental factors, such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and soil moisture, will affect the dynamics of ET. Therefore, ET estimation needs a high temporal resolution as well as a high spatial resolution for daily, diurnal, or even hourly analysis. A challenge with satellite observations is that higher-spatial-resolution sensors have a lower temporal resolution, and vice versa. Previous studies solved this limitation by developing a spatial and temporal adaptive reflectance fusion model (STARFM) for visible images. In this study, with the primary mechanism (thermal emission) of TIRS, surface emissivity is used in the proposed spatial and temporal adaptive emissivity fusion model (STAEFM) as a modification of the original STARFM for fusing TIR images instead of reflectance. For high a temporal resolution, the advanced Himawari imager (AHI) onboard the Himawari-8 satellite is explored. Thus, Landsat-like TIR images with a 10-minute temporal resolution can be synthesized by fusing TIR images of Himawari-8 AHI and Landsat-8 TIRS. The performance of the STAEFM to retrieve LST was compared with the STARFM and enhanced STARFM (ESTARFM) based on the similarity to the observed Landsat image and differences with air temperature. The peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) value of the STAEFM image is more than 42 dB, while the values for STARFM and ESTARFM images are around 31 and 38 dB, respectively. The differences of LST and air temperature data collected from five meteorological stations are 1.53 °C to 4.93 °C, which are smaller compared with STARFM’s and ESATRFM’s. The examination of the case study showed reasonable results of hourly LST, dryness index, and ET retrieval, indicating significant potential for the proposed STAEFM to provide very-high-spatiotemporal-resolution (30 m every 10 min) TIR images for surface dryness and ET monitoring.
Tri Wandi Januar; Tang-Huang Lin; Chih-Yuan Huang; Kuo-En Chang. Modifying an Image Fusion Approach for High Spatiotemporal LST Retrieval in Surface Dryness and Evapotranspiration Estimations. Remote Sensing 2020, 12, 498 .
AMA StyleTri Wandi Januar, Tang-Huang Lin, Chih-Yuan Huang, Kuo-En Chang. Modifying an Image Fusion Approach for High Spatiotemporal LST Retrieval in Surface Dryness and Evapotranspiration Estimations. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12 (3):498.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTri Wandi Januar; Tang-Huang Lin; Chih-Yuan Huang; Kuo-En Chang. 2020. "Modifying an Image Fusion Approach for High Spatiotemporal LST Retrieval in Surface Dryness and Evapotranspiration Estimations." Remote Sensing 12, no. 3: 498.
A new Taiwanese satellite, FORMOSAT-5 (FS-5), with a payload remote sensing instrument (RSI) was launched in August 2017 to continue the mission of its predecessor FORMOSAT-2 (FS-2). Similar to FS-2, the RSI provides 2-m resolution panchromatic and 4-m resolution multi-spectral images as the primary payload on FS-5. However, the radiometric properties of the optical sensor may vary, based on the environment and time after being launched into the space. Thus, maintaining the radiometric quality of FS-5 RSI imagery is essential and significant to scientific research and further applications. Therefore, the objective of this study aimed at the on-orbit absolute radiometric assessment and calibration of on-orbit FS-5 RSI observations. Two renowned approaches, vicarious calibrations and cross-calibrations, were conducted at two calibration sites that employ a stable atmosphere and high surface reflectance, namely, Alkali Lake and Railroad Valley Playa in North America. For cross-calibrations, the Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager (LS-8 OLI) was selected as the reference. A second simulation of the satellite signal in the solar spectrum (6S) radiative transfer model was performed to compute the surface reflectance, atmospheric effects, and path radiance for the radiometric intensity at the top of the atmosphere. Results of vicarious calibrations from 11 field experiments demonstrated high consistency with those of seven case examinations of cross-calibration in terms of physical gain in spectra, implying that the practicality of the proposed approaches is high. Moreover, the multi-temporal results illustrated that RSI decay in optical sensitivity was evident after launch. The variation in the calibration coefficient of each band showed no obvious consistency (6%–24%) in 2017, but it tended to be stable at the order of 3%–5% of variation in most spectral bands during 2018. The results strongly suggest that periodical calibration is required and essential for further scientific applications.
Tang-Huang Lin; Jui-Chung Chang; Kuo-Hsien Hsu; Yun-Shan Lee; Sheng-Kai Zeng; Gin-Rong Liu; Fu-An Tsai; Hai-Po Chan. Radiometric Variations of On-Orbit FORMOSAT-5 RSI from Vicarious and Cross-Calibration Measurements. Remote Sensing 2019, 11, 2634 .
AMA StyleTang-Huang Lin, Jui-Chung Chang, Kuo-Hsien Hsu, Yun-Shan Lee, Sheng-Kai Zeng, Gin-Rong Liu, Fu-An Tsai, Hai-Po Chan. Radiometric Variations of On-Orbit FORMOSAT-5 RSI from Vicarious and Cross-Calibration Measurements. Remote Sensing. 2019; 11 (22):2634.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTang-Huang Lin; Jui-Chung Chang; Kuo-Hsien Hsu; Yun-Shan Lee; Sheng-Kai Zeng; Gin-Rong Liu; Fu-An Tsai; Hai-Po Chan. 2019. "Radiometric Variations of On-Orbit FORMOSAT-5 RSI from Vicarious and Cross-Calibration Measurements." Remote Sensing 11, no. 22: 2634.
The Asian region is one of the major emission sources of air pollution. Although ambient PM2.5 has been linked to several health risks in high-, low-, and middle-income countries, the further analysis of type impact is still rare but significant. The PM2.5 distribution retrieved from MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) aerosol optical depth products within 16 years thus explored the associations between under-five and maternal mortality for 45 countries in Asia. Both the nonparametric (Generalized Additive Mixed-Effect) and parametric (Generalized Linear Mixed-Effect) models were employed to analyze the collected datasets. The results show that the levels of PM2.5 in Asian sub-regions were higher than the Global Air Quality Standards. Biomass PM2.5 concentrations was associated with increased the rate of under-five (Incidence Rate Ratio, IRR = 1.29, 95% CI, 1.13-1.47) and maternal (IRR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.08-1.10) deaths in Asia. Anthropogenic PM2.5 was associated with increased rate of under-five deaths in Asia by 12%. The nonparametric method revealed that dust PM2.5 was positively associated with the under-five (β = 0.04, p < 0.001) and maternal (β = 0.07, p < 0.001) deaths in Asia. The rate of maternal deaths was increased by biomass/dust (IRR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.63-1.65) and anthropogenic/dust (IRR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.19-1.26) mixture types. In summary, long-term exposure to different types of ambient PM2.5 in high concentration increased the rate of under-five and maternal deaths, suggesting that policies focusing on preventive and control measures is imperative for developing an improved maternal, newborn, and child health in Asia.
Wei-Hung Lien; Patrick Opiyo Owili; Miriam Adoyo Muga; Tang-Huang Lin. Ambient Particulate Matter Exposure and Under-Five and Maternal Deaths in Asia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 3855 .
AMA StyleWei-Hung Lien, Patrick Opiyo Owili, Miriam Adoyo Muga, Tang-Huang Lin. Ambient Particulate Matter Exposure and Under-Five and Maternal Deaths in Asia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (20):3855.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei-Hung Lien; Patrick Opiyo Owili; Miriam Adoyo Muga; Tang-Huang Lin. 2019. "Ambient Particulate Matter Exposure and Under-Five and Maternal Deaths in Asia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 20: 3855.
Since 1990 the Hanoi capital region (or Hanoi metropolitan area) in Vietnam has undergone rapid development, which has gone together with increasing socio-economic growth and prosperity. However, the environmental degradation that has accompanied urban development has raised considerable concern from the public in recent years. This research investigates the effects of urban development on urban sprawl, urban heat island (UHI), and metropolitan weather phenomena that are related to the quality of urban life in the period from 1999–2016. To achieve these objectives, remote sensing technologies were applied to satellite images at three time points (i.e., 1999, 2009, and 2016) that were associated with the meteorological dataset from ground-based stations. The spatial distribution evolution was examined for the land use/land cover changes while using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and normalized difference built-up index (NDBI). The increasing impact of urban sprawl on UHI intensity is determined based on the land surface temperature (LST) in multi-temporal forms. Increasing urbanization with the development of gradual outward and northward expansion from the city centre intensified the correlation analysis shows that the UHI. The potential formation of new UHI areas in the near future is also indicated. Furthermore, more than 30% of the metropolitan area is decaying in ecological quality according to an assessment of the urban thermal field variance index (UTFVI). With respect to metropolitan weather, the urbanization in Hanoi affected the observation of meteorological parameters revealed that the relative humidity, total rainfall, temperature, and wind speed over both urban and rural areas. The overall results imply that urban development and its environmental effects and impacts have imposed pressing issues and new challenges to sustainable development in the Hanoi metropolitan area.
Thi Nguyen; Tang-Huang Lin; Hai-Po Chan. The Environmental Effects of Urban Development in Hanoi, Vietnam from Satellite and Meteorological Observations from 1999–2016. Sustainability 2019, 11, 1768 .
AMA StyleThi Nguyen, Tang-Huang Lin, Hai-Po Chan. The Environmental Effects of Urban Development in Hanoi, Vietnam from Satellite and Meteorological Observations from 1999–2016. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (6):1768.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThi Nguyen; Tang-Huang Lin; Hai-Po Chan. 2019. "The Environmental Effects of Urban Development in Hanoi, Vietnam from Satellite and Meteorological Observations from 1999–2016." Sustainability 11, no. 6: 1768.
The purpose of this study was to assess the performance of annual and monthly land use regression (LUR) models for estimating the spatial distribution of NO2 and PM2.5 in Taiwan. Samples were collected at 73 air quality monitoring sites in 2015. Data transformation coupled with extracting principle components and satellite-derived data were integrated with LUR modeling and applied to increase PM2.5 model performance. Results indicated that NO2 exhibited more robust model performance compared with PM2.5. Leave-one-out cross validation (LOOCV) R2 of NO2 annual model was 0.76 and ranged from 0.56 to 0.81 for monthly models. The LOOCV R2 of PM2.5 annual model was improved from 0.13 to 0.56 by applying principle component analysis and adding satellite data (i.e., percentage of sunshine coverage and aerosol optical depth). These approaches also improved the performance of monthly models. The median LOOCV R2 increased from 0.12 to 0.49.
Chun-Sheng Huang; Tang-Huang Lin; Hung Hung; Cheng-Pin Kuo; Chi-Chang Ho; Yue-Liang Guo; Kwang-Cheng Chen; Chang-Fu Wu. Incorporating satellite-derived data with annual and monthly land use regression models for estimating spatial distribution of air pollution. Environmental Modelling & Software 2019, 114, 181 -187.
AMA StyleChun-Sheng Huang, Tang-Huang Lin, Hung Hung, Cheng-Pin Kuo, Chi-Chang Ho, Yue-Liang Guo, Kwang-Cheng Chen, Chang-Fu Wu. Incorporating satellite-derived data with annual and monthly land use regression models for estimating spatial distribution of air pollution. Environmental Modelling & Software. 2019; 114 ():181-187.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChun-Sheng Huang; Tang-Huang Lin; Hung Hung; Cheng-Pin Kuo; Chi-Chang Ho; Yue-Liang Guo; Kwang-Cheng Chen; Chang-Fu Wu. 2019. "Incorporating satellite-derived data with annual and monthly land use regression models for estimating spatial distribution of air pollution." Environmental Modelling & Software 114, no. : 181-187.
Radiometric calibration for imaging sensors is a crucial procedure to ensure imagery quality. One of the challenges in relative radiometric calibration is to correct detector-level artifacts due to the fluctuation in discrepant responses (spatial) and electronic instability (temporal). In this paper, the integration of the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) with Hilbert–Huang transform (HHT) in relative radiometric calibration was explored for a new sensor, FS-5 RSI (remote sensing instrument onboard the FORMOSAT-5 satellite). The key intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) analyzed by HHT were examined with the pre-flight datasets of the FS-5 RSI in temporal and spatial variations. The results show that the EMD–HHT method can stabilize and improve the radiometric quality of the FS-5 imagery as well as boost its application ability to a new level. It is noticed that the IMFs of the spatial variation would be disturbed by the instability of the temporal variation. The relative response discrepancies among detector chips can be well calibrated after considering the temporal effect. Taking a test imagery dataset of gain setting G2 as an example, the standard deviation (STD) of the discrepancy in the digital number after calibration was dramatically scaled down compared to the original ones (e.g., PAN: 66.31 to 1.85; B1: 54.19 to 1.90; B2: 36.50 to 1.49; B3: 32.43 to 1.56; B4: 37.67 to 1.20). The good performance of pre-flight imagery indicates that the EMD–HHT approach could be highly practical to the on-orbit relative radiometric calibration of the FS-5 RSI sensor and is applicable to other optical sensors. To our knowledge, the proposed EMD–HHT approach is used for the first time to explore relative radiometric calibration for optical sensors.
Tang-Huang Lin; Min-Chung Hsiao; Hai-Po Chan; Fuan Tsai. A Novel Approach to Relative Radiometric Calibration on Spatial and Temporal Variations for FORMOSAT-5 RSI Imagery. Sensors 2018, 18, 1996 .
AMA StyleTang-Huang Lin, Min-Chung Hsiao, Hai-Po Chan, Fuan Tsai. A Novel Approach to Relative Radiometric Calibration on Spatial and Temporal Variations for FORMOSAT-5 RSI Imagery. Sensors. 2018; 18 (7):1996.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTang-Huang Lin; Min-Chung Hsiao; Hai-Po Chan; Fuan Tsai. 2018. "A Novel Approach to Relative Radiometric Calibration on Spatial and Temporal Variations for FORMOSAT-5 RSI Imagery." Sensors 18, no. 7: 1996.
This study examined a specific case of planning for policymaking in response to two physical environmental issues: flooding and the urban heat island effect (UHI). The Southern Taiwan Science Park (STSP) was selected as a case study. Data were primarily collected through interviews as well as through policy review. The assessment showed significant differences in policymaking when comparing these two issues. The issue of flooding was considered and managed well. The UHI, however, was poorly considered or ignored altogether in policymaking, even though it has shown an increasing trend over the last decades, to a greater degree in the STSP than in the city centre. The results implied that the neoliberal approach to planning of decision-making performed better in managing risks (i.e., flooding and relevant disasters which had occurred in the past) than costs (i.e., the UHI and the future threats resulting from development). The STSP’s spatial development strategy, underpinned by the neoliberal approach with an agenda for maximising economic growth, was questionable for environmental management toward resilience.
Peiwen Lu; Yang-Ting Shen; Tang-Huang Lin. Environmental Risks or Costs? Exploring Flooding and the Urban Heat Island Effect in Planning for Policymaking: A Case Study in the Southern Taiwan Science Park. Sustainability 2017, 9, 2239 .
AMA StylePeiwen Lu, Yang-Ting Shen, Tang-Huang Lin. Environmental Risks or Costs? Exploring Flooding and the Urban Heat Island Effect in Planning for Policymaking: A Case Study in the Southern Taiwan Science Park. Sustainability. 2017; 9 (12):2239.
Chicago/Turabian StylePeiwen Lu; Yang-Ting Shen; Tang-Huang Lin. 2017. "Environmental Risks or Costs? Exploring Flooding and the Urban Heat Island Effect in Planning for Policymaking: A Case Study in the Southern Taiwan Science Park." Sustainability 9, no. 12: 2239.
Aerosols affect the insolation at ground and thus the Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD, a measure of aerosol pollution) plays an important role on the variation of the Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) at locations with different aerosol climatology. The aerosol effects upon PET were studied for the first time at four East Asian cities by coupling a radiative transfer model and a human thermal comfort model which were previously well evaluated. Evident with the MODIS and AERONET AOD observations, the aerosol pollution at Beijing and Seoul was higher than at Chiayi (Taiwan) and Hong Kong. Based on the AERONET data, with background AOD levels the selected temperate cities had similar clear-sky PET values especially during summertime, due to their locations at similar latitudes. This also applied to the sub-tropical cities. Increase in the AOD level to the seasonal average one led to an increase in diffuse solar radiation and in turn an increase in PET for people living in all the cities. However, the heavy aerosol loading environment in Beijing and Seoul in summertime (AODs > 3.0 in episodic situations) reduced the total radiative flux and thus PET values in the cities. On the contrary, relatively lower episodic AOD levels in Chiayi and Hong Kong led to strong diffuse and still strong direct radiative fluxes and resulted in higher PET values, relative to those with seasonal averaged AOD levels. People tended to feel from "hot" to "very hot" during summertime when the AOD reached their average levels from the background level. This implies that in future aerosol effects add further burden to the thermal environment apart from the effects of greenhouse gas-induced global warming. Understanding the interaction between ambient aerosols and outdoor thermal environment is an important first step for effective mitigation measures such as urban greening to reduce the risk of human heat stress. It is also critical to make cities more attractive and enhancing to human well-being to achieve enhancing sustainable urbanization as one of the principal goals for the Nature-based Solutions.
Ka-Ming Wai; Edward Y.Y. Ng; Charles M.S. Wong; Tanya Z. Tan; Tang-Huang Lin; Wei-Hung Lien; Peter A. Tanner; Carlo S.H. Wang; Kevin K.L. Lau; Neon M.H. He; Jhoon Kim. Aerosol pollution and its potential impacts on outdoor human thermal sensation: East Asian perspectives. Environmental Research 2017, 158, 753 -758.
AMA StyleKa-Ming Wai, Edward Y.Y. Ng, Charles M.S. Wong, Tanya Z. Tan, Tang-Huang Lin, Wei-Hung Lien, Peter A. Tanner, Carlo S.H. Wang, Kevin K.L. Lau, Neon M.H. He, Jhoon Kim. Aerosol pollution and its potential impacts on outdoor human thermal sensation: East Asian perspectives. Environmental Research. 2017; 158 ():753-758.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKa-Ming Wai; Edward Y.Y. Ng; Charles M.S. Wong; Tanya Z. Tan; Tang-Huang Lin; Wei-Hung Lien; Peter A. Tanner; Carlo S.H. Wang; Kevin K.L. Lau; Neon M.H. He; Jhoon Kim. 2017. "Aerosol pollution and its potential impacts on outdoor human thermal sensation: East Asian perspectives." Environmental Research 158, no. : 753-758.
Exploring the effects of different types of PM2.5 is necessary to reduce associated deaths, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Hence we determined types of ambient PM2.5 before exploring their effects on under-five and maternal mortality in Africa. The spectral derivate of aerosol optical depth (AOD) from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) products from 2000 to 2015 were employed to determine the aerosol types before using Generalized Linear and Additive Mixed-Effect models with Poisson link function to explore the associations and penalized spline for dose-response relationships. Four types of PM2.5 were identified in terms of mineral dust, anthropogenic pollutant, biomass burning and mixture aerosols. The results demonstrate that biomass PM2.5 increased the rate of under-five mortality in Western and Central Africa, each by 2%, and maternal mortality in Central Africa by 19%. Anthropogenic PM2.5 increased under-five and maternal deaths in Northern Africa by 5% and 10%, respectively, and maternal deaths by 4% in Eastern Africa. Dust PM2.5 increased under-five deaths in Northern, Western, and Central Africa by 3%, 1%, and 10%, respectively. Mixture PM2.5 only increased under-five deaths and maternal deaths in Western (incidence rate ratio = 1.01, p < 0.10) and Eastern Africa (incidence rate ratio = 1.06, p < 0.01), respectively. The findings indicate the types of ambient PM2.5 are significantly associated with under-five and maternal mortality in Africa where the exposure level usually exceeds the World Health Organization’s (WHO) standards. Appropriate policy actions on protective and control measures are therefore suggested and should be developed and implemented accordingly.
Patrick Opiyo Owili; Wei-Hung Lien; Miriam Adoyo Muga; Tang-Huang Lin. The Associations between Types of Ambient PM2.5 and Under-Five and Maternal Mortality in Africa. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2017, 14, 359 .
AMA StylePatrick Opiyo Owili, Wei-Hung Lien, Miriam Adoyo Muga, Tang-Huang Lin. The Associations between Types of Ambient PM2.5 and Under-Five and Maternal Mortality in Africa. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2017; 14 (4):359.
Chicago/Turabian StylePatrick Opiyo Owili; Wei-Hung Lien; Miriam Adoyo Muga; Tang-Huang Lin. 2017. "The Associations between Types of Ambient PM2.5 and Under-Five and Maternal Mortality in Africa." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 14, no. 4: 359.
Yi-Ling Chang; Hsi-Chyi Yeh; Gin-Rong Liu; Chian-Yi Liu; Chung-Chih Liu; Tang-Huang Lin. Monsoon effect simulation on typhoon rainfall potential - Typhoon Morakot (2009). Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences 2017, 28, 11 -21.
AMA StyleYi-Ling Chang, Hsi-Chyi Yeh, Gin-Rong Liu, Chian-Yi Liu, Chung-Chih Liu, Tang-Huang Lin. Monsoon effect simulation on typhoon rainfall potential - Typhoon Morakot (2009). Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences. 2017; 28 (1):11-21.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYi-Ling Chang; Hsi-Chyi Yeh; Gin-Rong Liu; Chian-Yi Liu; Chung-Chih Liu; Tang-Huang Lin. 2017. "Monsoon effect simulation on typhoon rainfall potential - Typhoon Morakot (2009)." Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences 28, no. 1: 11-21.
Ganbat Amgalan; Gin-Rong Liu; Tsung-Hua Kuo; Tang-Huang Lin. Correlation between dust events in Mongolia and surface wind and precipitation. Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences 2017, 28, 23 -32.
AMA StyleGanbat Amgalan, Gin-Rong Liu, Tsung-Hua Kuo, Tang-Huang Lin. Correlation between dust events in Mongolia and surface wind and precipitation. Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences. 2017; 28 (1):23-32.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGanbat Amgalan; Gin-Rong Liu; Tsung-Hua Kuo; Tang-Huang Lin. 2017. "Correlation between dust events in Mongolia and surface wind and precipitation." Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences 28, no. 1: 23-32.
Peiwen Lu; Yang Ting Shen; Gin-Rong Liu; Tang-Huang Lin. From science to practices – lessons learned from the TaiCCAT research programme. Climate Services 2017, 5, 36 -38.
AMA StylePeiwen Lu, Yang Ting Shen, Gin-Rong Liu, Tang-Huang Lin. From science to practices – lessons learned from the TaiCCAT research programme. Climate Services. 2017; 5 ():36-38.
Chicago/Turabian StylePeiwen Lu; Yang Ting Shen; Gin-Rong Liu; Tang-Huang Lin. 2017. "From science to practices – lessons learned from the TaiCCAT research programme." Climate Services 5, no. : 36-38.
The international journal of Aerosol and Air Quality Research (AAQR) covers all aspects of aerosol science and technology, atmospheric science and air quality related issues.
Ming-Tung Chuang; Charles C.-K. Chou; Neng-Huei Lin; Akinori Takami; Ta-Chi Hsiao; Tang-Huang Lin; Joshua Fu; Shantanu Kumar Pani; Yun-Ru Lu; Tsung-Yeh Yang. A Simulation Study on PM2.5 Sources and Meteorological Characteristics at the Northern tip of Taiwan in the Early Stage of the Asian Haze Period. Aerosol and Air Quality Research 2017, 17, 3166 -3178.
AMA StyleMing-Tung Chuang, Charles C.-K. Chou, Neng-Huei Lin, Akinori Takami, Ta-Chi Hsiao, Tang-Huang Lin, Joshua Fu, Shantanu Kumar Pani, Yun-Ru Lu, Tsung-Yeh Yang. A Simulation Study on PM2.5 Sources and Meteorological Characteristics at the Northern tip of Taiwan in the Early Stage of the Asian Haze Period. Aerosol and Air Quality Research. 2017; 17 (12):3166-3178.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMing-Tung Chuang; Charles C.-K. Chou; Neng-Huei Lin; Akinori Takami; Ta-Chi Hsiao; Tang-Huang Lin; Joshua Fu; Shantanu Kumar Pani; Yun-Ru Lu; Tsung-Yeh Yang. 2017. "A Simulation Study on PM2.5 Sources and Meteorological Characteristics at the Northern tip of Taiwan in the Early Stage of the Asian Haze Period." Aerosol and Air Quality Research 17, no. 12: 3166-3178.
In this study, an approach in determining effective mixing weight of soot aggregates from dust–soot aerosols is proposed to improve the accuracy of retrieving properties of polluted dusts by means of satellite remote sensing. Based on a pre-computed database containing several variables (such as wavelength, refractive index, soot mixing weight, surface reflectivity, observation geometries and aerosol optical depth (AOD)), the fan-shaped look-up tables can be drawn out accordingly for determining the mixing weights, AOD and single scattering albedo (SSA) of polluted dusts simultaneously with auxiliary regional dust properties and surface reflectivity. To validate the performance of the approach in this study, 6 cases study of polluted dusts (dust–soot aerosols) in Lower Egypt and Israel were examined with the ground-based measurements through AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET). The results show that the mean absolute differences could be reduced from 32.95% to 6.56% in AOD and from 2.67% to 0.83% in SSA retrievals for MODIS aerosol products when referenced to AERONET measurements, demonstrating the soundness of the proposed approach under different levels of dust loading, mixing weight and surface reflectivity. Furthermore, the developed algorithm is capable of providing the spatial distribution of the mixing weights and removing the requirement to assume that the dust plume properties are uniform. The case study further shows the spatially variant dust–soot mixing weight would improve the retrieval accuracy in AODmixture and SSAmixture about 10.0% and 1.4% respectively.
Kuo-En Chang; Ta-Chih Hsiao; N Christina Hsu; Neng-Huei Lin; Sheng-Hsiang Wang; Gin-Rong Liu; Chian-Yi Liu; Tang-Huang Lin. Mixing weight determination for retrieving optical properties of polluted dust with MODIS and AERONET data. Environmental Research Letters 2016, 11, 85002 .
AMA StyleKuo-En Chang, Ta-Chih Hsiao, N Christina Hsu, Neng-Huei Lin, Sheng-Hsiang Wang, Gin-Rong Liu, Chian-Yi Liu, Tang-Huang Lin. Mixing weight determination for retrieving optical properties of polluted dust with MODIS and AERONET data. Environmental Research Letters. 2016; 11 (8):85002.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKuo-En Chang; Ta-Chih Hsiao; N Christina Hsu; Neng-Huei Lin; Sheng-Hsiang Wang; Gin-Rong Liu; Chian-Yi Liu; Tang-Huang Lin. 2016. "Mixing weight determination for retrieving optical properties of polluted dust with MODIS and AERONET data." Environmental Research Letters 11, no. 8: 85002.
In general, the type of atmospheric aerosols can be efficiently identified with the characteristics of optical properties, such as Ångström exponent (AE) and single scattering albedo (SSA). However, the retrieval of SSA is not frequently available to global area which may cause the difficulty in the identification of aerosol type. Since aerosol optical depth (AOD) can be easily requested, a novel index in terms of AOD, Normalized Gradient Aerosol Index (NGAI), is proposed to get over the constraint on SSA providing. With the NGAI derived from MODIS AOD products, the type of atmospheric aerosols can be clearly categorized between mineral dusts, biomass burning and anthropogenic pollutants. The results of aerosol type categorization show the well agreement with the ground-based observations (AERONET) in AE and SSA properties, implying that the proposed index equips highly practical for the application of aerosols type categorization by means of remote sensing. In addition, the fraction of AOD compositions can be potentially determined according to the value of index after compared with the products of CALIPSO Aerosol Subtype.
Tang-Huang Lin; Gin-Rong Liu; Chian-Yi Liu. A NOVEL INDEX FOR ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOL TYPES CATEGORIZATION WITH SPECTRAL OPTICAL DEPTHS FROM SATELLITE RETRIEVAL. The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences 2016, XLI-B8, 277 -279.
AMA StyleTang-Huang Lin, Gin-Rong Liu, Chian-Yi Liu. A NOVEL INDEX FOR ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOL TYPES CATEGORIZATION WITH SPECTRAL OPTICAL DEPTHS FROM SATELLITE RETRIEVAL. The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. 2016; XLI-B8 ():277-279.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTang-Huang Lin; Gin-Rong Liu; Chian-Yi Liu. 2016. "A NOVEL INDEX FOR ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOL TYPES CATEGORIZATION WITH SPECTRAL OPTICAL DEPTHS FROM SATELLITE RETRIEVAL." The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B8, no. : 277-279.