This article delves into the critical integration of domain knowledge into AI/ML systems across various industries, highlighting its importance in developing ethically responsible, effective, and contextually relevant solutions. Through detailed case studies from the healthcare and manufacturing sectors, we explore the challenges, strategies, and successes of this integration. We discuss the evolving role of domain experts and the emerging tools and technologies that facilitate the incorporation of human expertise into AI/ML models. The article forecasts future trends, predicting a more seamless and strategic collaboration between AI/ML and domain expertise. It emphasizes the necessity of this synergy for fostering innovation, ensuring ethical practices, and aligning technological advancements with human values and real-world complexities.

The main purpose of this work was to experimentally determine the effect of the cooling rate during the eutectoid transformation on the corrosion resistance of a hypoeutectic Zn-4Al cast alloy in 5% NaCl solution. This was considered in relation to the alloy microstructure. For this purpose, metallographic and electrochemical studies were performed. It was found that the faster cooling promoted the formation of finer (α + η) eutectoid structures, which translated into a higher hardness and lower corrosion current density. In the initial stage of corrosion processes the eutectoid structure in the eutectic areas were attacked. At the further stages of corrosion development, the phase η was dissolved, and the α phase appears to be protected by the formation of corrosion products.

A cavitation erosion is the process based on an impact of pressure pulses on a material’s surface caused by the phenomenon of cavitation. The term cavitation is defined as a phenomenon of formation, growth and disappearance (implosion) of bubbles due to cyclic pressure variations in a liquid. The cavitation initiators are embryos (cavitation nuclei with a size up to 50 μm), located in the water or on wetted surfaces that lead to decreasing of the liquid ability to transfer tensile stresses. The role of embryos is played by micro gas bubbles, fine solid particles, micro-organisms or gas-filled pores on a surface of solid body embedded in a liquid. A rapid pressure drop occurring within the liquid and a presence of cavitational kernel causes rupture the continuity of the liquid and thus lead to the formation of steam-gas mixture areas, a so called cavitation bubbles. A cavitation bubble may be filled with a gas, a vapor or a steam/gas mixture.A course of cavitation depends on a cavitation type. In thepresent work, a mechanism of cavitiational destruction of 99,7 % titaniumtested on vibrational and jet-impact valaboratory stands, is analyzed. Results of thecavitational resistance evaluation of Ti99.7 titanium carried out onvibrational and jet-impact stands have revealed different mechanisms of acavitation destruction caused by various forms of cavitation. It was found thata surface of titanium samples tested on the vibratory stand was covered by verylarge number of microcracks which in a later stage of the research leads to theerosion of the material. The cavitational destruction of Ti samples on the jet-impact stand is initiatedby a plastic straining of subsurface area, which in the further stage leads toan erosion represented by the detachment of whole grains anda formation of deep pits on the material’s surface. Additionally, results of conducted studies have confirmed the fatigue character of the cavitationaldestruction process.

The problem of the devastation of fluid-flow machinery components is very complex, because it consists of processes of erosion and corrosion. The most dangerous factor is the cavitation phenomenon, which is very difficult to eliminate through the use of design solutions. Usage of materials with greater resistance to cavitation erosion seems to be an obvious effective method of prevention. Such materials as FeAl intermetallic alloys and ceramic materials may be considered as reasonable candidates for this purpose. In the presented work, cavitation erosion resistance of FeAl intermetallic alloys and Al₂O₃ – based ceramic materials, was investigated and compared.