There is a new world health crisis threatening the public with spread of COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease-2019) . Since December 2019, when Covid-19 emerged in Hunan seafood market at Wuhan, South China and rapidly spread throughout the world, the virus outbreak has been declared a public health emergency of International concern by World Health Organization (WHO). We here summarize the current clinical characteristics data to guide potential COVID-19 about Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatments and Prevention of COVID-19. In this review, we extracted data from various Research Report, WHO guidelines and other articles. It is important to caution the readers that new data updating nearly every hour regarding clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment strategies, and outcomes COVID-19. Throughout the world the disease has caused varying degrees of illness. Patient shows various symptoms usually fever, cough, sore throat, breathlessness, fatigue, and malaise among others. The disease is being cured through general treatment, symptomatic treatment, by using antiviral drugs, oxygen therapy and by the immune system. It is necessary to identify the potential cases as soon as possible and isolate the suspected people from the confirmed cases of COVID-19, to prevent the potential transmission of infection to other patients and health care staff.

Patients with diabetes mellitus are more likely to suffer microvascular complications, such as diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, and diabetic neuropathy, which, if undiagnosed or untreated, may have a debilitating effect on patients' quality of life and pose a substantial financial strain on health-care providers. Glycemic regulation and diabetes length are the most powerful risk factors; nevertheless, other modifiable risk factors including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and smoking, as well as unmodifiable risk factors, including age at onset of diabetes and genetic factors can all play a role. In addition to the involvement of potential risk factors, several links have been discovered between diabetic microvascular complications and one another, which seems to be significant associations for the development of these different microvascular complications. However, in order to help mitigate morbidity and mortality, considering the initiation and progression of all three complications as interconnected must be identified and managed at an early stage. Therefore, a variety of approaches to developing therapies to mitigate the negative effects of these complications are currently being studied in clinical trials which may contribute to potential long-term benefits in the management of different diabetic microvascular complications. This literature review summarizes the cellular and molecular pathways that lead to diabetic microvascular pathologies with emphasis on the clinical benefits of a variety of therapeutic approaches and insights into simple, comprehensive therapeutic interventions for clinical practice which could be optimal to reduce the risk and severity of different diabetic microvascular complications.

Massive bone lesions present a significant surgical challenge and contribute to the socio-economic burden while reducing quality of life. Studies worldwide support the effectiveness of bone tissue engineering scaffolds in addressing bone tissue defects. The primary objective of tissue engineering is to develop biological replacements for failing organs or tissues due to accidents, aging, or trauma. The scaffold is vital in tissue engineering, providing an inductive environment for cell attachment, proliferation, and growth. It acts as a bioactive bridge, creating a microenvironment that promotes tissue regeneration. Tissue engineering finds applications in various medical specialties such as cancer, orthopedics, gastro-intestinal, skin, dental, musculoskeletal, urology, spine, vascular, neurology, and cardiology. Differentiated or stem cells are seeded onto a biomaterial scaffold, cultivated in a bioreactor, and then implanted in a living organism. An ideal scaffold should exhibit bioactivity, mechanical strength, porosity, pore size, and, most importantly, biocompatibility. These characteristics are crucial for scaffold selection and construction techniques. A combination of diverse biomaterials and appropriate scaffolding techniques is necessary to achieve these desirable characteristics, tailored to the specific medical and clinical requirements. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the specific types of scaffolds needed for bone healing, repair, or regeneration, along with the suitable biomaterials and scaffolding techniques involved. It offers detailed insights into selecting scaffolds that facilitate the healing process and discusses the various biomaterial options available and the techniques used to construct the scaffolds.

This paper explores the transformative impact of artificial intelligence (AI) in early tumor diagnosis, emphasizing its role in analyzing health records, medical images, biopsies, and blood tests for improved risk stratification. While screening programs have enhanced survival, challenges remain in patient selection and diagnostic workforces. The review covers diverse AI approaches, including logistic regression, deep learning, and neural networks, applied to various data types in oncology. It discusses the clinical implications, current models in practice, and potential limitations such as ethical concerns and resource demands. We provide an overview of the main artificial intelligence approaches, encompassing historical models like logistic regression, alongside deep learning and neural networks, emphasizing their applications in early diagnosis. We describe the role of AI in tumor detection, prognosis, and treatment administration, and we introduce the application of state-of-the-art large language models in oncology clinics. Our exploration extends to AI applications for omics data types, offering perspectives on their combination for decision-support tools. Concurrently, we evaluate existing constraints and challenges in applying artificial intelligence to precision oncology. The overall aim is to showcase AI's promise in revolutionizing tumor diagnosis while acknowledging and addressing associated challenges, thereby advancing patient care.

Hazard is a term associated with a substance that is likely to cause an injury in a given environment or situation. Industrial hazards are major occupational health and safety (OHS) issue in Pharmaceutical manufacturing. In recent years chemical safety and the sound management of chemicals have seen great progress at the global level. At the same time, the rapid growth in production and dissemination of both natural and synthetic chemicals has led to concern about their impact on the natural environment, and human health. In this way, the pharmaceutical industry has come to occupy a unique position. Practically no other commercial enterprises present such as a wide variety of potentially toxic exposures or such a rapidly changing advent of new chemical substances. In the pharmaceutical industry, this dynamic situation has been created by the increasing application of organic chemical synthesis as a technique for producing therapeutic substances. This renders the work of the plant physician so instructive. Industrial safety is needed to check all the possible chances of accidents for preventing loss of life and permanent disability of any industrial worker, any damage to machine and material leads to the loss of the whole establishment.