Review of molecular sieve-confined catalysts for VOCs abatement, merits/limitations, mechanisms, and structure-activity relationships. Future catalyst design, mechanistic studies, and in situ characterization advancements explored.

The introduction of oxygen vacancies improved 1-hexene epoxidation performance over WO _{3− x} /SBA-15 catalysts, which is attributed to the enhanced Lewis acidity of the active centers and the reduced energy barrier of the rate-determining step.

In this work, we successfully designed a core–shell structured CoMnO _x @Co _x Al ₁ catalyst for the catalytic combustion of propane (C ₃ H ₈ ).