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Worldwide, pesticides have contaminated the environment, affecting non-target species. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of fosetyl-Al (FOS) on model organisms. Based on the 3 Rs for animal research and described guidelines, the OECD 236 and 220 were applied with some modifications. The FOS test concentrations were 0.02–0.2–2–20–200 mg/L for Danio rerio and 250–500–750–1000–1250 mg/kg for Enchytraeus crypticus. Besides the standard endpoints, additional endpoints were evaluated (D. rerio: behavior and biochemical responses; E. crypticus: extension of exposure duration (28 d (days) + 28 d) and organisms’ sizes). For D. rerio, after 96 h (h), hatching was inhibited (200 mg/L), proteins’ content increased (2 and 20 mg/L), lipids’ content decreased (2 mg/L), glutathione S-transferase activity increased (2 mg/L), and, after 120 h, larvae distance swam increased (20 mg/L). For E. crypticus, after 28 d, almost all the tested concentrations enlarged the organisms’ sizes and, after 56 d, 1250 mg/kg decreased the reproduction. In general, alterations in the organisms’ biochemical responses, behavior, and growth occurred at lower concentrations than the effects observed at the standard endpoints. This ecotoxicological assessment showed that FOS may not be considered safe for the tested species, only at higher concentrations than the predicted environmental concentrations (PECs). This research highlighted the importance of a multi-endpoint approach to assess the (eco)toxic effects of the contaminants.
Angela Barreto; Joana Santos; Mónica Amorim; Vera Maria. Is the Synthetic Fungicide Fosetyl-Al Safe for the Ecotoxicological Models Danio rerio and Enchytraeus crypticus? Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 7209 .
AMA StyleAngela Barreto, Joana Santos, Mónica Amorim, Vera Maria. Is the Synthetic Fungicide Fosetyl-Al Safe for the Ecotoxicological Models Danio rerio and Enchytraeus crypticus? Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (16):7209.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAngela Barreto; Joana Santos; Mónica Amorim; Vera Maria. 2021. "Is the Synthetic Fungicide Fosetyl-Al Safe for the Ecotoxicological Models Danio rerio and Enchytraeus crypticus?" Applied Sciences 11, no. 16: 7209.
Engineered nanoparticles (NPs) are emerging contaminants of concern and it is important to understand their environmental behavior and ecological risks to exposed organisms. Despite their ubiquitous presence in the environment, there is little information about the hazards of certain NPs, such as boron (BNPs) and vanadium (VNPs). The aim of the present research was to investigate the effects of commercial BNPs and VNPs (80 to 100 nm) to zebrafish embryos, at different levels of biological organization. A range of nominal concentrations for both NPs (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10 mg/L) was tested. Due to the presence of triton X-100 in the NPs’ stock dispersions, an additional control group was included (0.001% triton X-100). Survival, hatching, and malformations of embryos were assessed for 96 hours (h) exposure. Locomotor behavior was evaluated at 120 h. Furthermore, embryos were exposed to 0, 1, and 10 mg/L of NPs to evaluate a set of biomarker responses after 96 h: cholinesterase (ChE) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities, total glutathione (TG) and energy budgets levels. VNPs induced malformations (10 mg/L), hyperactivity (10 mg/L), erratic swimming (0.01 mg/L), altered swimming pattern (>0.01 mg/L), delayed hatching (10 mg/L) and altered biochemical responses involved in antioxidant defense (GST and TG at >1 mg/L), neurotransmission (ChE at 10 mg/L) and energy metabolism (lipids at >1 mg/L and carbohydrates at 10 mg/L). BNPs caused malformations (10 mg/L), affected swimming pattern (>0.01 mg/L), induced erratic swimming (10 mg/L) and decreased TG content and GST activity (>1 mg/L). At the same concentrations, VNPs affected a greater number of endpoints than BNPs, demonstrating a greater toxicity to zebrafish embryos. The present study shows that BNPs and VNPs may affect aquatic organisms, albeit at relatively great non-environmentally relevant concentrations, reinforcing the importance of the risk assessment of different NPs.
Joana Santos; Ângela Barreto; Célia Almeida; Cátia Azevedo; Inês Domingues; Mónica J.B. Amorim; Vera L. Maria. Toxicity of boron and vanadium nanoparticles on Danio rerio embryos – Phenotypical, biochemical, and behavioral alterations. Aquatic Toxicology 2021, 238, 105930 .
AMA StyleJoana Santos, Ângela Barreto, Célia Almeida, Cátia Azevedo, Inês Domingues, Mónica J.B. Amorim, Vera L. Maria. Toxicity of boron and vanadium nanoparticles on Danio rerio embryos – Phenotypical, biochemical, and behavioral alterations. Aquatic Toxicology. 2021; 238 ():105930.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoana Santos; Ângela Barreto; Célia Almeida; Cátia Azevedo; Inês Domingues; Mónica J.B. Amorim; Vera L. Maria. 2021. "Toxicity of boron and vanadium nanoparticles on Danio rerio embryos – Phenotypical, biochemical, and behavioral alterations." Aquatic Toxicology 238, no. : 105930.
From the start of the 21st century, nanoecotoxicological research has been growing in fast steps due to the need to evaluate the safety of the increasing use of engineered nanomaterials. Boron (B) and vanadium (V) nanoparticles (NPs) generated by anthropogenic activities are subsequently released in the environment; therefore, organisms can be continuously exposed to these NPs for short or long periods. However, the short and long-term effects of BNPs and VNPs on soil organisms are unknown. This work aimed to recognize and describe their potential toxicological effects on the model species Enchytraeus crypticus, assessing survival and reproduction, through a longer-term exposure (56 days (d)—OECD test extension of 28 d), and avoidance behavior, through a short-term exposure (48 hours (h)). After 28 d, BNPs did not induce a significant effect on E. crypticus survival, whereas they decreased the organisms’ reproduction at 500 mg/kg. From 10 to 500 mg/kg, VNPs decreased the E. crypticus survival and/or reproduction. After 56 d, 100 to 500 mg/kg BNPs and 50 to 500 mg/kg VNPs, decreased the reproduction output of E. crypticus. The estimated Effect Concentrations (ECx) based on reproduction, for BNPs, were lower at 56 d compared with 28 d; for VNPs, an opposite pattern was found: ECx 28 d < ECx 56 d. BNPs did not induce an avoidance behavior, but organisms avoided the soil contaminated with 10 mg VNPs/kg. The tested NPs showed different E. crypticus apical effects at 28 d from the ones detected at 56 d, dependent on the type of NPs (B vs. V). In general, VNPs showed to be more toxic than BNPs. However, the effects of VNPs were alleviated during the time of exposure, contrarily to BNPs (which became more toxic with extended duration). The present study adds important information about NPs toxicity with ecological significance (at the population level). Including long-term effects, the obtained results contributes to the improvement of NPs risk assessment.
Angela Barreto; Joana Santos; Mónica Amorim; Vera Maria. Environmental Hazards of Boron and Vanadium Nanoparticles in the Terrestrial Ecosystem—A Case Study with Enchytraeus crypticus. Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 1937 .
AMA StyleAngela Barreto, Joana Santos, Mónica Amorim, Vera Maria. Environmental Hazards of Boron and Vanadium Nanoparticles in the Terrestrial Ecosystem—A Case Study with Enchytraeus crypticus. Nanomaterials. 2021; 11 (8):1937.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAngela Barreto; Joana Santos; Mónica Amorim; Vera Maria. 2021. "Environmental Hazards of Boron and Vanadium Nanoparticles in the Terrestrial Ecosystem—A Case Study with Enchytraeus crypticus." Nanomaterials 11, no. 8: 1937.
Once in the environment, nanoplastics (NPls) may interact with other contaminants, such as pharmaceuticals, potentially acting as carriers and modulating their toxicity. Thus, the main aim of the current study is to investigate how polystyrene (PS) NPls (mean diameter: 60 nm) interact with simvastatin (SIM), an anticholesterolemic drug, and modulate its toxicity to zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. PS NPls were carboxyl group functionalized, to promote the interaction/binding of NPls with SIM (worst-case scenarios) and it was fluorescently dyed, allowing to detect the intake. Exposure was 96 h to 0–150 mg/L NPls or 0–150 µg/L SIM, as well as to dual combinations (NPls 0.015 or 1.5 mg/L and SIM 12.5 or 15 µg/L). PS NPls alone did not exert effects whereas SIM (≥ 12.5 µg/L) significantly delayed the hatching, decreased the heartbeat, induced edemas and mortality. The combination of NPls (1.5 mg/L) and SIM (12.5 or 15 µg/L) had significant effects on the survival of the organisms while the correspondent NPls and SIM single exposures did not have significant effects on this endpoint. Concerning the malformations appearance, SIM alone had similar effects than when in co-exposures (0.015 mg/L NPls plus 12.5 or 15 µg/L SIM). Hatching and heartbeat increased after the co-exposures SIM and NPls comparing with SIM single exposures, showing that 0.015 mg/L NPls plus 12.5 or 15 µg/L SIM did not cause significant effects on these endpoints. This study shows that NPls effects on bioavailability and toxicity of other contaminants cannot be ignored when assessing the environmental behavior and risks of NPls.
Angela Barreto; Joana Santos; Mónica Amorim; Vera Maria. Polystyrene Nanoplastics Can Alter the Toxicological Effects of Simvastatin on Danio rerio. Toxics 2021, 9, 44 .
AMA StyleAngela Barreto, Joana Santos, Mónica Amorim, Vera Maria. Polystyrene Nanoplastics Can Alter the Toxicological Effects of Simvastatin on Danio rerio. Toxics. 2021; 9 (3):44.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAngela Barreto; Joana Santos; Mónica Amorim; Vera Maria. 2021. "Polystyrene Nanoplastics Can Alter the Toxicological Effects of Simvastatin on Danio rerio." Toxics 9, no. 3: 44.
Nanoplastics (NPls) are ubiquitous in terrestrial environments, with numerous consequences for biodiversity and ecosystems. Research is urgently required to clarify the NPls environmental behaviour, fate and ecotoxicological effects to soil ecosystems. The aim of this research was to assess and comprehend the effects of polystyrene NPls to the terrestrial species Enchytraeus crypticus using survival, reproduction and avoidance behaviour as endpoints. A range of concentrations, 0.015 to 1500 mg NPls/kg LUFA 2.2 (Landwirtschaftliche Untersuchungs- und Forschungsanstalt Speyer, Germany) soil, was tested. Due to the effect of tween 20 and sodium azide (NaN3) on the NPls dispersion, the effects of these compounds were also assessed separately. After 21 d, 1200 and 1500 mg/kg NPls dispersion had significant effects on the organism survival and/or reproduction. However, these effects may be mainly associated with tween 20 and NaN3 present in the NPls dispersion and not with NPls themselves. After 48 h, there was a tendency of the organisms to avoid the NPls spiked soils, being this response significant at 0.015 mg/kg although a reduced avoidance behaviour was observed as NPls concentration increased. The present study provides screening data on the effects of NPls, alone and considering the presence of other compounds like the solvents, which is essential for regulators and strategic management of plastic pollution.
Angela Barreto; Joana Santos; Mónica Amorim; Vera Maria. How Can Nanoplastics Affect the Survival, Reproduction, and Behaviour of the Soil Model Enchytraeus crypticus? Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 7674 .
AMA StyleAngela Barreto, Joana Santos, Mónica Amorim, Vera Maria. How Can Nanoplastics Affect the Survival, Reproduction, and Behaviour of the Soil Model Enchytraeus crypticus? Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (21):7674.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAngela Barreto; Joana Santos; Mónica Amorim; Vera Maria. 2020. "How Can Nanoplastics Affect the Survival, Reproduction, and Behaviour of the Soil Model Enchytraeus crypticus?" Applied Sciences 10, no. 21: 7674.
In vitro methods have gained rising importance in ecotoxicology due to ethical concerns. The aim of this study was to assess the single and combined in vitro effects of gold, as nanoparticle (AuNPs) and ionic (Au+) form, and the pharmaceutical gemfibrozil (GEM). Sparus aurata liver organ culture was exposed to gold (4 to 7200 μg·L−1), GEM (1.5 to 15,000 μg·L−1) and combination 80 μg·L−1 gold +150 μg·L−1 GEM for 24 h. Endpoints related with antioxidant status, peroxidative/genetic damage were assessed. AuNPs caused more effects than Au+, increasing catalase and glutathione reductase activities and damaging DNA and cellular membranes. Effects were dependent on AuNPs size, coating and concentration. GEM damaged DNA at an environmentally relevant concentration, 1.5 μg·L−1. Overall, the effects of the combined exposures were higher than the predicted, based on single exposures. This study showed that liver culture can be a useful model to study contaminants effects.
A. Barreto; Ana Carvalho; Dany Silva; E. Pinto; A. Almeida; P. Paíga; L. Correira-Sá; C. Delerue-Matos; T. Trindade; A.M.V.M. Soares; K. Hylland; S. Loureiro; M. Oliveira. Effects of single and combined exposures of gold (nano versus ionic form) and gemfibrozil in a liver organ culture of Sparus aurata. Marine Pollution Bulletin 2020, 160, 111665 .
AMA StyleA. Barreto, Ana Carvalho, Dany Silva, E. Pinto, A. Almeida, P. Paíga, L. Correira-Sá, C. Delerue-Matos, T. Trindade, A.M.V.M. Soares, K. Hylland, S. Loureiro, M. Oliveira. Effects of single and combined exposures of gold (nano versus ionic form) and gemfibrozil in a liver organ culture of Sparus aurata. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 2020; 160 ():111665.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Barreto; Ana Carvalho; Dany Silva; E. Pinto; A. Almeida; P. Paíga; L. Correira-Sá; C. Delerue-Matos; T. Trindade; A.M.V.M. Soares; K. Hylland; S. Loureiro; M. Oliveira. 2020. "Effects of single and combined exposures of gold (nano versus ionic form) and gemfibrozil in a liver organ culture of Sparus aurata." Marine Pollution Bulletin 160, no. : 111665.
Neste artigo, analisam-se pressupostos, argumentos e consequências de pontos de vista divergentes sobre o cuidado e educação das crianças até os três anos de idade em creches. São problematizadas as posições de Tunes e Prestes (2019) desfavoráveis à educação dessas crianças em instituições sociais, visão que buscam fundamentar nas ideias e conceitos da psicologia histórico-cultural de Vigotski. Aqui se propõe a tratar dos conflitos e confrontos em relação à maternidade, ao trabalho feminino e à educação das crianças pequenas, no contexto social contemporâneo; a comentar estudos sobre interações de bebês com mães, outros adultos e pares; a discutir diferentes compreensões sobre os conceitos de Vigotski, argumentando-se a favor do compartilhamento do cuidado e educação da criança pelas famílias e instituições de Educação Infantil de qualidade, em razão das possibilidades de desenvolvimento que oferecem às crianças e pelo papel que ocupam na diminuição das desigualdades educacionais, sociais, bem como raciais e de gênero.
Katia De Souza Amorim; Angela Maria Rabelo Barreto; Maria De Fátima Cardoso Gomes; Alice De Paiva Macário; Vanessa Ferraz Almeida Neves; Zilma Maria Ramos Oliveira; Maria Clotilde Rossetti-Ferreira. CONTINUANDO O DEBATE SOBRE CUIDADO E EDUCAÇÃO DE CRIANÇAS NOS PRIMEIROS ANOS DE VIDA. Teoria e Prática da Educação 2020, 23, 22 -35.
AMA StyleKatia De Souza Amorim, Angela Maria Rabelo Barreto, Maria De Fátima Cardoso Gomes, Alice De Paiva Macário, Vanessa Ferraz Almeida Neves, Zilma Maria Ramos Oliveira, Maria Clotilde Rossetti-Ferreira. CONTINUANDO O DEBATE SOBRE CUIDADO E EDUCAÇÃO DE CRIANÇAS NOS PRIMEIROS ANOS DE VIDA. Teoria e Prática da Educação. 2020; 23 (1):22-35.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKatia De Souza Amorim; Angela Maria Rabelo Barreto; Maria De Fátima Cardoso Gomes; Alice De Paiva Macário; Vanessa Ferraz Almeida Neves; Zilma Maria Ramos Oliveira; Maria Clotilde Rossetti-Ferreira. 2020. "CONTINUANDO O DEBATE SOBRE CUIDADO E EDUCAÇÃO DE CRIANÇAS NOS PRIMEIROS ANOS DE VIDA." Teoria e Prática da Educação 23, no. 1: 22-35.
Plastics materials rarely biodegrade, instead, through different biotic and abiotic processes, they fragment into smaller microplastics (<5 mm, MPs), which have already been reported as ubiquitous pollutants in marine environments worldwide, as well as in a wide range of marine organisms [1]. Nanoplastics (NPs), the smaller than 100/1000 nm fraction of plastic fragments, are currently under focus of intense study, from multiple different perspectives. The present understanding of their occurrence, appropriate sampling techniques, physicochemical characteristics, and effects on biota is still considered scarce. In 2017, the estimated total amount plastic produced in the world was approximately 8300 million tonnes [2], from which between 1.15–2.41 million tonnes are estimated to reach the oceans as plastic waste, each year [3]. If we were to estimate de amount of MPs and NPs that might we produced as a consequence of the degradation of these average 2 million tons, the numbers of plastic particles rise exponentially.
I. Brandts; Joan Carles Balasch; A. Tvarijonaviciute; Ângela Maria Almeida Barreto; M. A. Martins; L. Tort; M. Oliveira; M. Teles. The Role of Humic Acids on the Effects of Nanoplastics in Fish. Springer Water 2020, 164 -169.
AMA StyleI. Brandts, Joan Carles Balasch, A. Tvarijonaviciute, Ângela Maria Almeida Barreto, M. A. Martins, L. Tort, M. Oliveira, M. Teles. The Role of Humic Acids on the Effects of Nanoplastics in Fish. Springer Water. 2020; ():164-169.
Chicago/Turabian StyleI. Brandts; Joan Carles Balasch; A. Tvarijonaviciute; Ângela Maria Almeida Barreto; M. A. Martins; L. Tort; M. Oliveira; M. Teles. 2020. "The Role of Humic Acids on the Effects of Nanoplastics in Fish." Springer Water , no. : 164-169.
Silica nanoparticles (SiO2NPs) are one of the most used in commercial products and biomedical tools, however, their environmental effects have not been fully described. Although negative effects of SiO2NPs on the behavior of freshwater invertebrates have been reported, the knowledge is limited, especially the effect of nanopowders in terrestrial organisms. Accordingly, the aim of the present study is to understand the effects of SiO2NPs on the avoidance behavior of five soil species, whose niche may differ thus contributing to differential harmful SiO2NPs effects. Hence, avoidance assays testing SiO2NPs concentrations of 0, 10, 100, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg were performed with Enchytraeus crypticus, Folsomia candida, Tenebrio molitor, Porcellionides pruinosus and Eisenia fetida. SiO2NPs induced different behavioral effects, depending on the invertebrate ecology/habitat, exposure route and physiology. T. molitor, P. pruinosus and F. candida did not avoid contaminated soil; however, E. crypticus and E. fetida significantly avoided SiO2NPs spiked soil. Since these terrestrial worms (oligochaetes) live mostly burrowed in the soil, this can provide greater opportunity for SiO2NPs’ uptake. On the other hand, the other tested organisms mainly living on the upper part of the soil did not avoid the SiO2NPs spiked soil. The avoidance data obtained here also highlight the need for further studies to understand whether (or not) the detected behavioral responses are linked to either neurotransmission processes or sensorial aspects of the biological models.
Joana Santos; Ângela Barreto; João Nogueira; Ana Luísa Daniel-Da-Silva; Tito Trindade; Mónica J. B. Amorim; Vera L. Maria. Effects of Amorphous Silica Nanopowders on the Avoidance Behavior of Five Soil Species—A Screening Study. Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 402 .
AMA StyleJoana Santos, Ângela Barreto, João Nogueira, Ana Luísa Daniel-Da-Silva, Tito Trindade, Mónica J. B. Amorim, Vera L. Maria. Effects of Amorphous Silica Nanopowders on the Avoidance Behavior of Five Soil Species—A Screening Study. Nanomaterials. 2020; 10 (3):402.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoana Santos; Ângela Barreto; João Nogueira; Ana Luísa Daniel-Da-Silva; Tito Trindade; Mónica J. B. Amorim; Vera L. Maria. 2020. "Effects of Amorphous Silica Nanopowders on the Avoidance Behavior of Five Soil Species—A Screening Study." Nanomaterials 10, no. 3: 402.
Despite the widespread use of nanoparticles (NPs), there are still major gaps of knowledge regarding the impact of nanomaterials in the environment and aquatic animals. The present work aimed to study the effects of 7 and 40 nm gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) – citrate and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) coated – on the liver proteome of the estuarine/marine fish gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). After 96 h, exposure to AuNP elicited alterations on the abundance of 26 proteins, when compared to the control group. AuNPs differentially affected several metabolic pathways in S. aurata liver cells. Among the affected proteins were those related to cytoskeleton and cell structure, gluconeogenesis, amino acids metabolism and several processes related to protein activity (protein synthesis, catabolism, folding and transport). The increased abundance of proteins associated with energy metabolism (ATP synthase subunit beta), stress response (94 kDa glucose-regulated protein) and cytoskeleton structure (actins and tubulins) may represent the first signs of cellular oxidative stress induced by AuNPs. Although higher gold accumulation was found in the liver of S. aurata exposed to 7 nm PVP-AuNPs, the 7 nm cAuNPs were more bioactive, inducing more effects in liver proteome. Gold accumulated more in the spleen than in the other assessed tissues of S. aurata exposed to AuNPs, highlighting its potential role on the elimination of these NPs.
A. Barreto; Ana Carvalho; Alexandre Campos; H. Osório; Edgar Pinto; Agostinho Almeida; T. Trindade; A.M.V.M. Soares; K. Hylland; Susana Loureiro; Miguel Oliveira. Effects of gold nanoparticles in gilthead seabream—A proteomic approach. Aquatic Toxicology 2020, 221, 105445 .
AMA StyleA. Barreto, Ana Carvalho, Alexandre Campos, H. Osório, Edgar Pinto, Agostinho Almeida, T. Trindade, A.M.V.M. Soares, K. Hylland, Susana Loureiro, Miguel Oliveira. Effects of gold nanoparticles in gilthead seabream—A proteomic approach. Aquatic Toxicology. 2020; 221 ():105445.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Barreto; Ana Carvalho; Alexandre Campos; H. Osório; Edgar Pinto; Agostinho Almeida; T. Trindade; A.M.V.M. Soares; K. Hylland; Susana Loureiro; Miguel Oliveira. 2020. "Effects of gold nanoparticles in gilthead seabream—A proteomic approach." Aquatic Toxicology 221, no. : 105445.
The question of whether gold (Au) is more toxic as nanoparticles or in its ionic form remains unclear and controversial. The present work aimed to clarify the effects of 96 h exposure to 4, 80 and 1600 μg·L−1 of 7 nm gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) – (citrate coated (cAuNPs) or polyvinylpyrrolidone coated (PVP-AuNPs)) – and ionic Au (iAu) on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). Effects at different levels of biological organization (behaviour, neurotransmission, biotransformation, oxidative stress/damage and genotoxicity) were assessed. cAuNPs induced oxidative stress and damage (lipid peroxidation increase), even at 4 μg·L−1, and reduced the ability of S. aurata to swim against a water flow at 1600 μg·L−1. Exposure to cAuNPs induced more adverse effects than exposure to PVP-AuNPs. All tested concentrations of Au (nano or ionic form) induced DNA breaks and cytogenetic damage in erythrocytes of S. aurata. Generally, iAu induced significantly more effects in fish than the nano form, probably associated with the significantly higher accumulation in the fish tissues. No fish mortality was observed following exposure to AuNPs, but mortality was observed in the group exposed to 1600 μg·L−1 of iAu.
A. Barreto; A. Dias; B. Duarte; Edgar Pinto; Agostinho Almeida; T. Trindade; A.M.V.M. Soares; K. Hylland; Susana Loureiro; Miguel Oliveira. Biological effects and bioaccumulation of gold in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) – Nano versus ionic form. Science of The Total Environment 2020, 716, 137026 .
AMA StyleA. Barreto, A. Dias, B. Duarte, Edgar Pinto, Agostinho Almeida, T. Trindade, A.M.V.M. Soares, K. Hylland, Susana Loureiro, Miguel Oliveira. Biological effects and bioaccumulation of gold in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) – Nano versus ionic form. Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 716 ():137026.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Barreto; A. Dias; B. Duarte; Edgar Pinto; Agostinho Almeida; T. Trindade; A.M.V.M. Soares; K. Hylland; Susana Loureiro; Miguel Oliveira. 2020. "Biological effects and bioaccumulation of gold in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) – Nano versus ionic form." Science of The Total Environment 716, no. : 137026.
Zinc oxide nanoparticles are widely used in some domains (cosmetics, pharmaceuticals optical devices, and agricultural field) due to their physical, optical, and antimicrobial properties. However, the release of ZnO-NPs into the environment may affect organisms like fish with potential consequences for human health. Histological approaches of the acute effects of these materials on fish are scarce; thus, the present study aimed to investigate the potential toxic effects of acute exposure to ZnO particles in marine environments, by assessing histological changes in the gills, liver, spleen, and muscle of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles. Thus, fish were exposed for 96 h, via water, to 1 mg L−1 of ionic zinc and zinc oxide particles (1.1, 1.2, and 1.4 μm of size). Histological examination revealed gills as the most affected organ, followed by liver, muscle, and spleen. In the gills, histopathological changes included hyperplasia of epithelial cells, fusion of the secondary lamellae, and lifting of the lamellar epithelium with edema. In the liver, lipid vacuolation of several degrees, necrosis of hepatic and pancreatic tissues, blood congestion in sinusoids and hepatoportal vessels, presence of cellular infiltrate, and melano-macrophages diffusion was found. Muscle showed degeneration, atrophy, thickening and necrosis of muscle fibers with edema between them, and presence of melano-macrophages in the muscle layer. Spleen was the less damaged organ, displaying congested blood, white pulp increase/rupture, and bigger and darker melano-macrophage aggregates in the splenic stroma. These results underline that the size of particles plays a determinant role in their potential pernicious effects. A short-term exposure caused major histopathological changes in relevant organs of S. aurata juveniles, possibly affecting their function.
Asfina Beegam; Maria Lopes; Tiago Fernandes; Jiya Jose; Angela Barreto; Miguel Oliveira; Amadeu M. V. M. Soares; Tito Trindade; Sabu Thomas; Maria L. Pereira. Multiorgan histopathological changes in the juvenile seabream Sparus aurata as a biomarker for zinc oxide particles toxicity. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2019, 27, 30907 -30917.
AMA StyleAsfina Beegam, Maria Lopes, Tiago Fernandes, Jiya Jose, Angela Barreto, Miguel Oliveira, Amadeu M. V. M. Soares, Tito Trindade, Sabu Thomas, Maria L. Pereira. Multiorgan histopathological changes in the juvenile seabream Sparus aurata as a biomarker for zinc oxide particles toxicity. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2019; 27 (25):30907-30917.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAsfina Beegam; Maria Lopes; Tiago Fernandes; Jiya Jose; Angela Barreto; Miguel Oliveira; Amadeu M. V. M. Soares; Tito Trindade; Sabu Thomas; Maria L. Pereira. 2019. "Multiorgan histopathological changes in the juvenile seabream Sparus aurata as a biomarker for zinc oxide particles toxicity." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 27, no. 25: 30907-30917.
Climate change is expected to alter the dynamics of water masses, with consequent changes in water quality parameters such as dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration. DOC levels play a critical role in the fate of organic chemicals, influencing their bioavailability and toxicity to aquatic organisms. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of DOC, particularly humic acids (HA), in the toxicity of gemfibrozil (GEM) - a human pharmaceutical frequently detected in wastewaters. Lethal and sublethal effects (genotoxic, biochemical and behavioural alterations) were evaluated in zebrafish embryos exposed to several concentrations of GEM and three HA levels, in a full factorial design. HA significantly increased GEM LC50 values, mainly in the first 72 h of exposure, showing a protective effect. At sublethal levels, however, such protection was not observed since HA per se elicited adverse effects. At a biochemical level, individual exposure to HA (20 mg/L) elicited significant decreases in cholinesterase and glutathione S-transferase activities. Regarding behaviour, effects of individual exposure to HA appear to surpass the GEM effects, reducing the total distance moved by larvae. Both GEM and HA significantly increased DNA damage. Hence, this study demonstrated that abiotic factors, namely HA, should be considered in the assessment of pharmaceuticals toxicity. Moreover, it showed that lethality may not be enough to characterize combined effects since different patterns of response may occur at different levels of biological organization. Testing sublethal relevant endpoints is thus recommended to achieve a robust risk assessment in realistic scenarios.
Ana Rita Almeida; Fátima Jesus; Jorge Henriques; Thayres S. Andrade; Ângela Maria Almeida Barreto; Olga Koba; Pham Thai Giang; Amadeu M.V.M. Soares; Miguel Oliveira; Inês Domingues. The role of humic acids on gemfibrozil toxicity to zebrafish embryos. Chemosphere 2018, 220, 556 -564.
AMA StyleAna Rita Almeida, Fátima Jesus, Jorge Henriques, Thayres S. Andrade, Ângela Maria Almeida Barreto, Olga Koba, Pham Thai Giang, Amadeu M.V.M. Soares, Miguel Oliveira, Inês Domingues. The role of humic acids on gemfibrozil toxicity to zebrafish embryos. Chemosphere. 2018; 220 ():556-564.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Rita Almeida; Fátima Jesus; Jorge Henriques; Thayres S. Andrade; Ângela Maria Almeida Barreto; Olga Koba; Pham Thai Giang; Amadeu M.V.M. Soares; Miguel Oliveira; Inês Domingues. 2018. "The role of humic acids on gemfibrozil toxicity to zebrafish embryos." Chemosphere 220, no. : 556-564.
Due to their diverse applications, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are expected to increase of in the environment, although few studies are available on their mode of action in aquatic organisms. The genotoxicity of AuNPs, alone or combined with the human pharmaceutical gemfibrozil (GEM), an environmental contaminant frequently detected in aquatic systems, including in marine ecosystems, was examined using gilthead seabream erythrocytes as a model system. Fish were exposed for 96 h to 4, 80 and 1600 μg L−1 of 40 nm AuNPs with two coatings – citrate or polyvinylpyrrolidone; GEM (150 μg L−1); and a combination of AuNPs and GEM (80 μg L−1 AuNPs + 150 μg L−1 GEM). AuNPs induced DNA damage and increased nuclear abnormalities levels, with coating showing an important role in the toxicity of AuNPs to fish. The combined exposures of AuNPs and GEM produced an antagonistic response, with observed toxic effects in the mixtures being lower than the predicted. The results raise concern about the safety of AuNPs and demonstrate interactions between them and other contaminants.
A. Barreto; L.G. Luis; E. Pinto; A. Almeida; P. Paíga; Lúcia Santos; Cristina Delerue-Matos; T. Trindade; A.M.V.M. Soares; K. Hylland; S. Loureiro; Miguel Oliveira. Genotoxicity of gold nanoparticles in the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) after single exposure and combined with the pharmaceutical gemfibrozil. Chemosphere 2018, 220, 11 -19.
AMA StyleA. Barreto, L.G. Luis, E. Pinto, A. Almeida, P. Paíga, Lúcia Santos, Cristina Delerue-Matos, T. Trindade, A.M.V.M. Soares, K. Hylland, S. Loureiro, Miguel Oliveira. Genotoxicity of gold nanoparticles in the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) after single exposure and combined with the pharmaceutical gemfibrozil. Chemosphere. 2018; 220 ():11-19.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Barreto; L.G. Luis; E. Pinto; A. Almeida; P. Paíga; Lúcia Santos; Cristina Delerue-Matos; T. Trindade; A.M.V.M. Soares; K. Hylland; S. Loureiro; Miguel Oliveira. 2018. "Genotoxicity of gold nanoparticles in the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) after single exposure and combined with the pharmaceutical gemfibrozil." Chemosphere 220, no. : 11-19.
Plastic pollution is a worldwide problem, highlighted by the fact that plastic materials degrade into nano-size particles (<100 nm), potentially becoming more bioavailable as well as a source of entry of other contaminants into organisms. The present study aimed to assess the effects of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS), individually or combined with carbamazepine (Cbz), on the Mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis. For this purpose, mussels were exposed for 96 h to a concentration range of PS (from 0.05 up to 50 mg L−1), to Cbz (6.3 μg L−1) alone and to the mixture of PS + Cbz (0.05 mg L−1+ 6.3 μg L−1). Molecular and biochemical biomarkers were assessed in the digestive glands, gills and haemolymph. The abundance of mRNA in the digestive glands and gills revealed significant alterations in the expression of genes associated with biotransformation, DNA repair, cell stress-response and innate immunity. Combined exposure of PS + Cbz induced significant downregulation in gene expression (e.g., hsp70) when compared to individual exposure. Total oxidant status increased in digestive glands after exposure to 0.5 mg L−1 PS. Moreover, increased total antioxidant capacity and esterase activity were observed for PS 50 mg L−1, in digestive glands and gills, respectively. The PS induced effects on neurotransmission, measured as inhibition of cholinesterase activity in haemolymph. Genotoxicity was found in haemocytes after exposure to PS, Cbz and their mixture. Moreover, lipid peroxidation was observed for 0.05 mg L−1 PS exposure, showing that nanoplastics can induce oxidative damage. The present study demonstrated that PS, even at low concentrations, led to alterations on the assessed mussels' endpoints.
I. Brandts; M. Teles; A.P. Gonçalves; Ângela Maria Almeida Barreto; Lorena Franco; A. Tvarijonaviciute; M.A. Martins; A.M.V.M. Soares; L. Tort; M. Oliveira. Effects of nanoplastics on Mytilus galloprovincialis after individual and combined exposure with carbamazepine. Science of The Total Environment 2018, 643, 775 -784.
AMA StyleI. Brandts, M. Teles, A.P. Gonçalves, Ângela Maria Almeida Barreto, Lorena Franco, A. Tvarijonaviciute, M.A. Martins, A.M.V.M. Soares, L. Tort, M. Oliveira. Effects of nanoplastics on Mytilus galloprovincialis after individual and combined exposure with carbamazepine. Science of The Total Environment. 2018; 643 ():775-784.
Chicago/Turabian StyleI. Brandts; M. Teles; A.P. Gonçalves; Ângela Maria Almeida Barreto; Lorena Franco; A. Tvarijonaviciute; M.A. Martins; A.M.V.M. Soares; L. Tort; M. Oliveira. 2018. "Effects of nanoplastics on Mytilus galloprovincialis after individual and combined exposure with carbamazepine." Science of The Total Environment 643, no. : 775-784.
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are found in a wide range of applications and therefore expected to present increasing levels in the environment. There is however limited knowledge concerning the potential toxicity of AuNPs as well as their combined effects with other pollutants. Hence, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of AuNPs alone and combined with the pharmaceutical gemfibrozil (GEM) on different biological responses (behaviour, neurotransmission, biotransformation and oxidative stress) in one of the most consumed fish in southern Europe, the seabream Sparus aurata. Fish were exposed for 96 h to waterborne 40 nm AuNPs with two coatings – citrate and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), alone or combined with GEM. Antioxidant defences were induced in liver and gills upon both AuNPs exposure. Decreased swimming performance (1600 μg.L−1) and oxidative damage in gills (4 and 80 μg.L−1) were observed following exposure to polyvinylpyrrolidone coated gold nanoparticles (PVP-AuNPs). Generally, accumulation of gold in fish tissues and deleterious effects in S. aurata were higher for PVP-AuNPs than for cAuNPs exposures. Although AuNPs and GEM combined effects in gills were generally low, in liver, they were higher than the predicted. The accumulation and effects of AuNPs showed to be dependent on the size, coating, surface charge and aggregation/agglomeration state of nanoparticles. Additionally, it was tissue’ specific and dependent on the presence of other contaminants. Although, gold intake by humans is expected to not exceed the estimated tolerable daily intake, it is highly recommended to keep it on track due to the increasing use of AuNPs.
A. Barreto; L.G. Luis; E. Pinto; A. Almeida; P. Paíga; L.H.M.L.M. Santos; C. Delerue-Matos; T. Trindade; A.M.V.M. Soares; K. Hylland; S. Loureiro; M. Oliveira. Effects and bioaccumulation of gold nanoparticles in the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) – Single and combined exposures with gemfibrozil. Chemosphere 2018, 215, 248 -260.
AMA StyleA. Barreto, L.G. Luis, E. Pinto, A. Almeida, P. Paíga, L.H.M.L.M. Santos, C. Delerue-Matos, T. Trindade, A.M.V.M. Soares, K. Hylland, S. Loureiro, M. Oliveira. Effects and bioaccumulation of gold nanoparticles in the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) – Single and combined exposures with gemfibrozil. Chemosphere. 2018; 215 ():248-260.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Barreto; L.G. Luis; E. Pinto; A. Almeida; P. Paíga; L.H.M.L.M. Santos; C. Delerue-Matos; T. Trindade; A.M.V.M. Soares; K. Hylland; S. Loureiro; M. Oliveira. 2018. "Effects and bioaccumulation of gold nanoparticles in the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) – Single and combined exposures with gemfibrozil." Chemosphere 215, no. : 248-260.
Lipid regulators are among the most prescribed human pharmaceuticals worldwide. Gemfibrozil, which belongs to this class of pharmaceuticals, is one of the most frequently encountered in the aquatic environment. However, there is limited information concerning the mechanisms involved in gemfibrozil effects to aquatic organisms, particularly to marine organisms. Based on this knowledge gap, the current study aimed to assess biochemical and behavioral effects following a sublethal exposure to gemfibrozil (1.5, 15, 150, 1500 and 15000 µg.L-1) in the estuarine/marine fish Sparus aurata. After the exposure to 1.5 µg.L-1 of gemfibrozil, fish had reduced ability to swim against a water flow and increased lipid peroxidation in the liver. At concentrations between 15 to 15000 µg.L-1, the activities of some enzymes involved in antioxidant defense were induced, appearing to be sufficient to prevent oxidative damage. Depending on the organ, different responses to gemfibrozil were displayed, with enzymes like catalase being more stimulated in gills, whereas glutathione peroxidase was more activated in liver. Although there were no obvious concentration-response relationships, the integrated biomarker response version 2 (IBRv2) analysis revealed that the highest concentrations of gemfibrozil (between 150 to 15000 µg.L-1) caused more alterations. All the tested concentrations of gemfibrozil induced effects in S. aurata, in terms of behavior and/or oxidative stress responses. Oxidative damage was found at a concentration that is considered environmentally relevant, suggesting a potential of this pharmaceutical to impact fish populations.
A. Barreto; L.G. Luis; Paula Paíga; Lúcia Santos; Cristina Delerue-Matos; A.M.V.M. Soares; K. Hylland; Susana Loureiro; Miguel Oliveira. A multibiomarker approach highlights effects induced by the human pharmaceutical gemfibrozil to gilthead seabream Sparus aurata. Aquatic Toxicology 2018, 200, 266 -274.
AMA StyleA. Barreto, L.G. Luis, Paula Paíga, Lúcia Santos, Cristina Delerue-Matos, A.M.V.M. Soares, K. Hylland, Susana Loureiro, Miguel Oliveira. A multibiomarker approach highlights effects induced by the human pharmaceutical gemfibrozil to gilthead seabream Sparus aurata. Aquatic Toxicology. 2018; 200 ():266-274.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Barreto; L.G. Luis; Paula Paíga; Lúcia Santos; Cristina Delerue-Matos; A.M.V.M. Soares; K. Hylland; Susana Loureiro; Miguel Oliveira. 2018. "A multibiomarker approach highlights effects induced by the human pharmaceutical gemfibrozil to gilthead seabream Sparus aurata." Aquatic Toxicology 200, no. : 266-274.
A. Barreto; L.G. Luis; Amadeu Soares; Paula Paíga; Lúcia Santos; Cristina Delerue-Matos; K. Hylland; Susana Loureiro; Miguel Oliveira. Genotoxicity of gemfibrozil in the gilthead seabream ( Sparus aurata ). Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis 2017, 821, 36 -42.
AMA StyleA. Barreto, L.G. Luis, Amadeu Soares, Paula Paíga, Lúcia Santos, Cristina Delerue-Matos, K. Hylland, Susana Loureiro, Miguel Oliveira. Genotoxicity of gemfibrozil in the gilthead seabream ( Sparus aurata ). Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis. 2017; 821 ():36-42.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Barreto; L.G. Luis; Amadeu Soares; Paula Paíga; Lúcia Santos; Cristina Delerue-Matos; K. Hylland; Susana Loureiro; Miguel Oliveira. 2017. "Genotoxicity of gemfibrozil in the gilthead seabream ( Sparus aurata )." Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis 821, no. : 36-42.
The effects of gold (ionic form and nanoparticles — AuNPs) and pharmaceuticals (carbamazepine and fluoxetine) on enzymes involved in neurotransmission (acetylcholinesterase — AChE) and biotransformation (glutathione S-transferases — GST) were assessed by their incubation with Mytilus galloprovincialis' hemolymph and subcellular fraction of gills, respectively. AuNPs did not alter enzymatic activities unlike ionic gold that inhibited AChE and GST activities at 2.5 and 0.42 mg·L− 1, respectively. Carbamazepine inhibited AChE activity at 500 mg·L− 1 and fluoxetine at 1000 mg·L− 1. GST was inhibited by carbamazepine at 250 mg·L− 1 and by fluoxetine at 125 mg·L− 1. Increased AChE activity was found in simultaneous exposures to fluoxetine and bovine serum albumin coated AuNPs (BSA-AuNPs). Concerning GST, in the simultaneous exposures, AuNPs revealed protective effects against carbamazepine (citrate and polyvinylpyrrolidone coated) and fluoxetine (citrate and BSA coated) induced inhibition. However, BSA-AuNPs increased the inhibition caused by carbamazepine. AuNPs demonstrated ability to interfere with other chemicals toxicity justifying further studies.
Luis Luis; Ângela Maria Almeida Barreto; Tito Trindade; Amadeu Soares; Miguel Oliveira. Effects of emerging contaminants on neurotransmission and biotransformation in marine organisms — An in vitro approach. Marine Pollution Bulletin 2016, 106, 236 -244.
AMA StyleLuis Luis, Ângela Maria Almeida Barreto, Tito Trindade, Amadeu Soares, Miguel Oliveira. Effects of emerging contaminants on neurotransmission and biotransformation in marine organisms — An in vitro approach. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 2016; 106 (1-2):236-244.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuis Luis; Ângela Maria Almeida Barreto; Tito Trindade; Amadeu Soares; Miguel Oliveira. 2016. "Effects of emerging contaminants on neurotransmission and biotransformation in marine organisms — An in vitro approach." Marine Pollution Bulletin 106, no. 1-2: 236-244.
The increased applications of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) may lead to environmental release and transport to estuarine environments where NPs are expected to aggregate/agglomerate with increasing ionic strength. However, more stable NPs that may be resistant to high ionic strength media and more dispersed in the aquatic environment are being synthesized. Thus, understanding colloidal NPs’ behavior in different ionic strength media is crucial for the assessment of the consequences of their environmental release. This work assessed the behavior of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), with diverse sizes and coatings, in media with different ionic strengths (from biological buffers to artificial seawater). Overall, in biological buffers and artificial seawater, citrate-coated AuNPs were unstable, displaying significantly increased sizes (between 100 and 400 nm), whereas no significant alterations (less than 5 % oscillation) were found for AuNPs with other coatings (bovine serum albumin, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and polyethylene glycol). Data suggest that coated AuNPs, and probably other NPs, may be dispersed in the environment from freshwater to estuarine systems.
Ângela Maria Almeida Barreto; Luis G. Luis; Ana Violeta Girão; Tito Trindade; Amadeu Soares; Miguel Oliveira. Behavior of colloidal gold nanoparticles in different ionic strength media. Journal of Nanoparticle Research 2015, 17, 1 -13.
AMA StyleÂngela Maria Almeida Barreto, Luis G. Luis, Ana Violeta Girão, Tito Trindade, Amadeu Soares, Miguel Oliveira. Behavior of colloidal gold nanoparticles in different ionic strength media. Journal of Nanoparticle Research. 2015; 17 (12):1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleÂngela Maria Almeida Barreto; Luis G. Luis; Ana Violeta Girão; Tito Trindade; Amadeu Soares; Miguel Oliveira. 2015. "Behavior of colloidal gold nanoparticles in different ionic strength media." Journal of Nanoparticle Research 17, no. 12: 1-13.