This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.

Unclaimed
Zim Nwokora
School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia

Basic Info

Basic Info is private.

Honors and Awards

The user has no records in this section


Career Timeline

The user has no records in this section.


Short Biography

The user biography is not available.
Following
Followers
Co Authors
The list of users this user is following is empty.
Following: 0 users

Feed

Articles
Published: 26 May 2020 in Policy Studies
Reads 0
Downloads 0

That the news media should operate as an impartial and responsible “fourth estate” in a democracy is a pervasive ideal, but there are serious obstacles – economic, organizational and political – to its achievement in practice. These obstacles, we argue, may be lower when an outlet reports on politics in another country, which is strategically allied to its own. And, for this reason, the quality of news coverage of that country’s politics may be higher in the reporting by foreign media outlets than in the reporting by domestic outlets. This article outlines the theory behind this conjecture and then examines it empirically through a content analysis of media representations of Donald Trump’s rise in two non-American outlets, The Australian and The Guardian. Their coverage, our analysis suggests, approximated fourth-estate ideals more closely than did the domestic coverage of Trump’s rise.

ACS Style

Zim Nwokora; Benjamin Isakhan; Chengxin Pan. The real fourth estate? Portrayals of Trump’s rise in the foreign media of friendly countries. Policy Studies 2020, 1 -22.

AMA Style

Zim Nwokora, Benjamin Isakhan, Chengxin Pan. The real fourth estate? Portrayals of Trump’s rise in the foreign media of friendly countries. Policy Studies. 2020; ():1-22.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zim Nwokora; Benjamin Isakhan; Chengxin Pan. 2020. "The real fourth estate? Portrayals of Trump’s rise in the foreign media of friendly countries." Policy Studies , no. : 1-22.

Research article
Published: 17 April 2019 in Politics
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The relationship between Chinese soft power and Chinese media has been a focus of a growing body of literature. Challenging a resource-based conception of soft power and a transmission view of communication that inform much of the debate, this article adopts a discursive approach to soft power and media communication. It argues that their relationship is not just a matter of resource transmission, but one of discursive construction, which begs the questions of what mediated discursive practices are at play in soft power construction and how. Addressing these oft-neglected questions, we identify a typology of three soft-power discursive practices: charm offensive, Othering offensive, and defensive denial. Focusing on the little-understood practice of Othering offensive, we illustrate its presence in Chinese media through a critical discourse analysis of China Daily’s framing of Donald Trump and the United States, and argue that the Othering offensive in Chinese media that portrays Trump’s America as a dysfunctional and declining Other serves to construct a Chinese self as more responsible, dynamic, and attractive. Adding a missing discursive dimension to the study of soft power and the media, this study has both scholarly and practical implications for analysing a nation’s soft power strategy.

ACS Style

Chengxin Pan; Benjamin Isakhan; Zim Nwokora. Othering as soft-power discursive practice: China Daily’s construction of Trump’s America in the 2016 presidential election. Politics 2019, 40, 54 -69.

AMA Style

Chengxin Pan, Benjamin Isakhan, Zim Nwokora. Othering as soft-power discursive practice: China Daily’s construction of Trump’s America in the 2016 presidential election. Politics. 2019; 40 (1):54-69.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chengxin Pan; Benjamin Isakhan; Zim Nwokora. 2019. "Othering as soft-power discursive practice: China Daily’s construction of Trump’s America in the 2016 presidential election." Politics 40, no. 1: 54-69.

Research article
Published: 04 April 2019 in Global Media and Communication
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The 2016 US presidential election, which brought Donald J. Trump to power, raised concerns that his ascendency could undermine US democracy promotion and enable illiberal regimes to resist calls for reform. This article seeks to hold this argument up to empirical scrutiny via a framing analysis of coverage of the US election in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). To some extent, the analysis supports the claim: throughout the election, the KSA media offered several substantive criticisms of democracy. However, Trump’s campaign also served as a catalyst for a discussion about the merits of democracy, revealing some admiration for its key principles, and an acknowledgement of the challenges it faces in the 21st century.

ACS Style

Benjamin Isakhan; Zim Nwokora; Chengxin Pan. Perceptions of democracy and the rise of Donald Trump: A framing analysis of Saudi Arabian media. Global Media and Communication 2019, 15, 159 -175.

AMA Style

Benjamin Isakhan, Zim Nwokora, Chengxin Pan. Perceptions of democracy and the rise of Donald Trump: A framing analysis of Saudi Arabian media. Global Media and Communication. 2019; 15 (2):159-175.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Benjamin Isakhan; Zim Nwokora; Chengxin Pan. 2019. "Perceptions of democracy and the rise of Donald Trump: A framing analysis of Saudi Arabian media." Global Media and Communication 15, no. 2: 159-175.

Article
Published: 28 February 2019 in Australian Journal of Politics and History
Reads 0
Downloads 0

In recent years the regulation of political finance in Australia has moved from systems of laissez‐faire to systems of enhanced regulation, which aim to curb the scale and influence of donations. This article examines political finance regulation in New South Wales — the jurisdiction that has seen the most significant transformation of its regulatory setup — to assess whether and how the new regulations have affected donations to political parties in the state. We find, based on analysis of the pattern of donations before and after the reforms, that the regulations have made the financing system fairer and thus improved the quality of democracy in the state.

ACS Style

Zim Nwokora; Malcolm Anderson; Joo-Cheong Tham; Anika Gauja; Stephen Mills; Narelle Miragliotta. Political Finance Regulation and Reform in New South Wales: Towards a Fairer System? Australian Journal of Politics and History 2019, 65, 115 -134.

AMA Style

Zim Nwokora, Malcolm Anderson, Joo-Cheong Tham, Anika Gauja, Stephen Mills, Narelle Miragliotta. Political Finance Regulation and Reform in New South Wales: Towards a Fairer System? Australian Journal of Politics and History. 2019; 65 (1):115-134.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zim Nwokora; Malcolm Anderson; Joo-Cheong Tham; Anika Gauja; Stephen Mills; Narelle Miragliotta. 2019. "Political Finance Regulation and Reform in New South Wales: Towards a Fairer System?" Australian Journal of Politics and History 65, no. 1: 115-134.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2018 in World Affairs
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The purpose of this article is to analyze Africa’s progress along the developmental path in the past few decades, to understand what factors were responsible for such success and to identify the risk factors that may compromise further development in the region in the years to come. We advance three basic claims: that Africa has experienced an almost unprecedented (by its standards) level of economic success in the first 15 years of the new millennium, that this success was made possible by a combination of domestic and supranational conditions, and that some of the enabling conditions that supported Africa’s growth and development in the new millennium may be disappearing. The study also suggests that while African countries may not be able to influence the global conditions on which their economic success depends, they do have the ability to influence the domestic conditions. This is why, we suggest, in addition to ensuring longer and healthier lives for their citizens, African countries should consolidate democracy and promote good governance.

ACS Style

Riccardo Pelizzo; Abel Kinyondo; Zim Nwokora. Development in Africa. World Affairs 2018, 181, 256 -285.

AMA Style

Riccardo Pelizzo, Abel Kinyondo, Zim Nwokora. Development in Africa. World Affairs. 2018; 181 (3):256-285.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Riccardo Pelizzo; Abel Kinyondo; Zim Nwokora. 2018. "Development in Africa." World Affairs 181, no. 3: 256-285.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2018 in Parliamentary Affairs
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Constitutional conventions are fundamental to the operation of Westminster democracies. However, despite their political significance, there have been few attempts to analyse and theorise their internal dynamics. This article aims to address this gap by identifying the triggers of constitutional ‘softening’, when the opportunity for convention change emerges; and examining how such moments interact with the particular properties of a convention to determine its change trajectory. We argue that the change trajectories of constitutional conventions are not entirely unpredictable but can be traced to particular kinds of change events and the particular set of features inherent to that convention.

ACS Style

Nicholas Barry; Narelle Miragliotta; Zim Nwokora. The Dynamics of Constitutional Conventions in Westminster Democracies. Parliamentary Affairs 2018, 72, 664 -683.

AMA Style

Nicholas Barry, Narelle Miragliotta, Zim Nwokora. The Dynamics of Constitutional Conventions in Westminster Democracies. Parliamentary Affairs. 2018; 72 (3):664-683.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nicholas Barry; Narelle Miragliotta; Zim Nwokora. 2018. "The Dynamics of Constitutional Conventions in Westminster Democracies." Parliamentary Affairs 72, no. 3: 664-683.

Original article
Published: 06 May 2018 in Politics & Policy
Reads 0
Downloads 0

This article explores in greater detail the nexus between party system change and democratic qualities. In doing so, we do not simply assess whether, how, and to what extent qualities of democracy in East Africa are affected by the instability of the patterns of interparty competition (fluidity of the party system); we also plan to show how the subcomponents of party system fluidity (frequency of change, scope of change, variety of change) influence the democratic qualities. By disaggregating fluidity in its constitutive elements and by testing how each of them affects the qualities of democracy, we find that while the frequency of change has a beneficial impact on the qualities of democracy, the other subcomponents of fluidity—namely, the “scope” and “variety” of system change—have a consistently negative effect on democratic quality. Related Articles Nwokora, Zim, and Riccardo Pelizzo. 2015. “The Political Consequences of Party System Change.” Politics & Policy 43 (4): 453‐473. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/polp.12124/full Pelizzo, Riccardo, and Zim Nwokora. 2016. “Bridging the Divide: Measuring Party System Change and Classifying Party Systems.” Politics & Policy 44 (6): 1017‐1052. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/polp.12188/full Ikeanyibe, Okechukwu. 2014. “Internal Party Democracy, Party Candidature, and Democratic Consolidation in Nigeria's Fourth Republic.” Politics & Policy 42 (5): 769‐804. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/polp.12094/full Related Media The East African. 2018. “Wachira Maina, Africa's Constitutional Democracies.” March 12. http://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/news/Africa-constitutional-democracies/2558-4338554-15s7ca3z/index.html BBC Africa. 2016. “Debate: Is Africa Reinventing Democracy?” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BJc2b47EiGE ISS Africa TV. 2016. “The Future of Democracy in Africa.” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uQiTtArtupE Babones, Salvatore. 2018. “Midnight in America with Riccardo Pelizzo.” February 16‐27. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=advrSqmO96g&t=13s

ACS Style

Riccardo Pelizzo; Zim Nwokora. Party System Change and the Quality of Democracy in East Africa. Politics & Policy 2018, 46, 505 -528.

AMA Style

Riccardo Pelizzo, Zim Nwokora. Party System Change and the Quality of Democracy in East Africa. Politics & Policy. 2018; 46 (3):505-528.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Riccardo Pelizzo; Zim Nwokora. 2018. "Party System Change and the Quality of Democracy in East Africa." Politics & Policy 46, no. 3: 505-528.

Research and evaluation
Published: 10 April 2018 in Australian Journal of Public Administration
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The role of money in politics has been a concern internationally with strong calls for stricter regulation of such funds. In Australia, this has resulted in a shift from laissez‐faire to increased regulation. Yet, there has been little research into the impact of this shift. To address this gap, this article examines the impact of four New South Wales political finance laws enacted from 2008 to 2012, which reflect the emergent regulatory approach. Focusing on the total number and value of political donations made to New South Wales political parties, it assesses the effects of the four Acts individually, as well as their overall impact, to test the assumption of legal effectiveness. It finds strong support for two key expectations resulting from the assumption: first, the raft of legislation will reduce the total number and value of political donations to the parties and second, that the 2010 legislation, which imposed caps on political donations and election spending, and substantially increased public funding, would be the most significant of the four Acts in terms of impact due to its scope and depth.

ACS Style

Malcolm Anderson; Joo-Cheong Tham; Zim Nwokora; Anika Gauja; Stephen Mills; Narelle Miragliotta. Less Money, Fewer Donations: The Impact of New South Wales Political Finance Laws on Private Funding of Political Parties. Australian Journal of Public Administration 2018, 77, 797 -812.

AMA Style

Malcolm Anderson, Joo-Cheong Tham, Zim Nwokora, Anika Gauja, Stephen Mills, Narelle Miragliotta. Less Money, Fewer Donations: The Impact of New South Wales Political Finance Laws on Private Funding of Political Parties. Australian Journal of Public Administration. 2018; 77 (4):797-812.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Malcolm Anderson; Joo-Cheong Tham; Zim Nwokora; Anika Gauja; Stephen Mills; Narelle Miragliotta. 2018. "Less Money, Fewer Donations: The Impact of New South Wales Political Finance Laws on Private Funding of Political Parties." Australian Journal of Public Administration 77, no. 4: 797-812.

Research article
Published: 25 September 2017 in Political Studies
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The term ‘party system’, explained Giovanni Sartori, refers to the pattern of interactions among relevant parties. That pattern can be represented as a type and treated as a proper unit of analysis. When ‘party system’ is defined in this way, it becomes clear that the scholarship lacks a direct measure of ‘party system change’. The Sartori approach to party system change is not the only legitimate way to understand this concept, but it does target an undoubtedly important feature of political systems – namely the stability of interactions among relevant parties. This article develops a new indicator, the index of fluidity, which measures the extent of such stability. Applying the index to Africa, we show that there is significant cross-national variation in fluidity and weak correlation between fluidity and (Pedersen) volatility.

ACS Style

Zim Nwokora; Riccardo Pelizzo. Measuring Party System Change: A Systems Perspective. Political Studies 2017, 66, 100 -118.

AMA Style

Zim Nwokora, Riccardo Pelizzo. Measuring Party System Change: A Systems Perspective. Political Studies. 2017; 66 (1):100-118.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zim Nwokora; Riccardo Pelizzo. 2017. "Measuring Party System Change: A Systems Perspective." Political Studies 66, no. 1: 100-118.

Journal article
Published: 18 December 2016 in Politics & Policy
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Party systems research has proceeded along two parallel lines of inquiry, one predominantly “qualitative” and the other “quantitative.” This article attempts to bridge this divide in two ways. First, by showing that qualitative information can be valuable in the construction of quantitative measures. Second, by showing that the results from applying theoretically sensitive measurement tools can be useful for qualitative classification. These analyses are performed using an original dataset of party system changes in Sub-Saharan Africa. Nwokora, Zim, and Riccardo Pelizzo. 2015. “The Political Consequences of Party System Change.” Politics & Policy 43 (4): 453-473. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/polp.12124/abstract Tusalem, Rollin F. 2016. “The Effect of Historical Pact Making and Civic Associations on Democratic Outcomes.” Politics & Policy 44 (4): 712-750. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/polp.12166/abstract Vercesi, Michelangelo. 2016. “Coalition Politics and Inter-Party Conflict Management: A Theoretical Framework.” Politics & Policy 44 (2): 168-219. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/polp.12154/abstract Guardian. “Democracy in Africa: 5 Myths Explored.” https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/datablog/2016/feb/25/democracy-in-african-countries-five-myths-explored CNN. “Africa's Rocky Road to Democracy.” http://edition.cnn.com/2013/03/01/opinion/africa-democracy-mbaku/ La literatura en los sistemas de partidos se ha desarrollado sobre dos líneas de investigación, una predominantemente “cualitativa” y la otra “cuantitativa.” Este artículo tiene como meta combinar esta división en dos formas. Primero, al mostrar que la información cualitativa puede ser valiosa para la construcción de medidas cuantitativas. Segundo, mostrando que los resultados de la aplicación de herramientas de medición teoréticamente sensibles puede ser útil para la clasificación cualitativa. Estos análisis son llevados a cabo usando bases de datos originales sobre el cambio de sistema de partido en África sub-sahariana.

ACS Style

Riccardo Pelizzo; Zim Nwokora. Bridging the Divide: Measuring Party System Change and Classifying Party Systems. Politics & Policy 2016, 44, 1017 -1052.

AMA Style

Riccardo Pelizzo, Zim Nwokora. Bridging the Divide: Measuring Party System Change and Classifying Party Systems. Politics & Policy. 2016; 44 (6):1017-1052.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Riccardo Pelizzo; Zim Nwokora. 2016. "Bridging the Divide: Measuring Party System Change and Classifying Party Systems." Politics & Policy 44, no. 6: 1017-1052.

Research article
Published: 27 July 2016 in American Politics Research
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The first debate in 2008 was a turning point in the presidential election campaign: a race that was close before the debate turned decisively in Obama’s favor following it. This article explores how the media reached their verdict that “Obama won.” We examine two aspects of this problem: how, in practice, the media reached this verdict and whether they made the right decision from a normative standpoint. Based on content analysis of debate transcripts, we argue that the media interpreted the debate by synthesizing three pre-debate narratives in roughly equal proportions. Crucially, two of these narratives favored Obama. We also find that the “Obama won” verdict was consistent with what we might expect had the debate been judged by a public-spirited umpire.

ACS Style

Zim Nwokora; Lara M. Brown. Narratives of a Race. American Politics Research 2016, 45, 33 -62.

AMA Style

Zim Nwokora, Lara M. Brown. Narratives of a Race. American Politics Research. 2016; 45 (1):33-62.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zim Nwokora; Lara M. Brown. 2016. "Narratives of a Race." American Politics Research 45, no. 1: 33-62.

Journal article
Published: 12 August 2015 in Politics & Policy
Reads 0
Downloads 0

This article engages one of the important gaps in the literature on party system effects: the consequences of party system change. We discuss how existing empirical approaches to party system change do not actually capture the changeability of patterns of party competition, which is the most direct understanding of the term “party system.” We propose a measure that does exactly this: the index of fluidity. Applying this measure to countries in South East Asia, we show that party system change is associated with harmful effects, including lower foreign direct investment and deterioration of the rule of law.Related Articles Beal, Amanda L., and Leah Graham. 2014. “Foundations for Change: Rule of Law, Development, and Democratization.” Politics & Policy 42 (3): 311‐345. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/polp.12077/abstract Lagunes, Paul F. 2012. “Corruption's Challenge to Democracy: A Review of the Issues.” Politics & Policy 40 (5): 802‐826. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2012.00384.x/abstract Luckhurst, Jonathan, and Luis Eduardo Zavala de Alba. 2012. “Introduction to the Special Issue: Governance, Democratization, and the World Economic Crisis.” Politics & Policy 40 (5): 735‐739. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2012.00388.x/abstract Related Media Cochrane, Joe. 2014. “In South East Asia, Indonesia Is an Unlikely Role Model for Democracy.” New York Times. September 4. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/05/world/asia/in‐southeast‐asia‐indonesia‐becomes‐a‐role‐model‐for‐democracy.html?_r=0 Yueh, Linda. 2014. “Rule of Law v. Rule of Party.” BBC Online. October 24. http://www.bbc.com/news/business‐29754688 Pilling, David. 2014. “Asian Democracy Must Serve the Common Man.” Financial Times. June 8. http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/da2c5ee0‐779e‐11e3‐807e‐00144feabdc0.html#axzz3ZXbY2NXV Este artículo aborda uno de los vacíos más importantes en la literatura sobre los efectos de un sistema partidista: las consecuencias de un cambio en el sistema de partidos. Se discute cómo los enfoques existentes a cambios en el sistema de partidos falla en capturar la variabilidad de los patrones de competencia partidista, la cual brinda la definición más directa de “sistema partidista.” Proponemos una medida que resuelve justo esto. Aplicando esta medida a países del sudeste asiático mostramos que un cambio en el sistema partidista está asociado a efectos perjudiciales, incluyendo menor inversión extranjera directa y el deterioro del estado de derecho.

ACS Style

Zim Nwokora; Riccardo Pelizzo. The Political Consequences of Party System Change. Politics & Policy 2015, 43, 453 -473.

AMA Style

Zim Nwokora, Riccardo Pelizzo. The Political Consequences of Party System Change. Politics & Policy. 2015; 43 (4):453-473.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zim Nwokora; Riccardo Pelizzo. 2015. "The Political Consequences of Party System Change." Politics & Policy 43, no. 4: 453-473.

Journal article
Published: 27 May 2015 in Energies
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Empirical studies of public opinion on environmental protection have typically been grounded in Inglehart’s post-materialism thesis, proposing that societal affluence encourages materially-sated publics to look beyond their interests and value the environment. These studies are generally conducted within, or at best across, Western, democratic, industrialized countries. Absence of truly cross-cultural research means the theory’s limitations have gone undetected. This article draws on an exceptionally broad dataset—pooling cross-sectional survey data from 80 countries, each sampled at up to three different points over 15 years—to investigate environmental attitudes. We find that post-materialism provides little account of pro-environment attitudes across diverse cultures, and a far from adequate explanation even in the affluent West. We suggest that unique domestic interests, more than broad value systems, are driving emerging global trends in environmental attitudes. The environment’s future champions may be the far from ‘post-material’ citizens of those developing nations most at risk of real material harm from climate change and environmental degradation.

ACS Style

Karen Stenner; Zim Nwokora. Current and Future Friends of the Earth: Assessing Cross-National Theories of Environmental Attitudes. Energies 2015, 8, 4899 -4919.

AMA Style

Karen Stenner, Zim Nwokora. Current and Future Friends of the Earth: Assessing Cross-National Theories of Environmental Attitudes. Energies. 2015; 8 (6):4899-4919.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Karen Stenner; Zim Nwokora. 2015. "Current and Future Friends of the Earth: Assessing Cross-National Theories of Environmental Attitudes." Energies 8, no. 6: 4899-4919.

Articles
Published: 02 January 2015 in Australian Journal of Political Science
Reads 0
Downloads 0

This article investigates how citizens form their opinions on political-finance issues. Two distinct mechanisms are elaborated. First, citizens may be ‘faithful followers’, adopting positions that reflect their partisan loyalties. Second, citizens may be ‘sceptical’ and lean against cues from their party leaders. Drawing on a survey of Australian attitudes to political finance, I assess the extent to which predictions from these theories are observed in reality. The evidence suggests that Australians interpret political finance as ‘sceptical partisans’, broadly sceptical of political elites, while retaining partisan loyalties that are triggered when two conditions are satisfied: the issue has obvious partisan implications, but encouragement of partisan impulses does not threaten the competitiveness of elections. 本文探讨了公民如何形成对政治献金的态度。学者们提供了两个不同的机制。首先,公民可以是“忠实的追随者”,选择反映其党派忠诚性的立场。其次,公民可以凭着其党派领导人的暗示,持怀疑的态度。笔者将澳大利亚人对政治献金的态度同以上理论假设做了比对。有证据表明,澳大利亚人视政治献金为“拉帮结伙”,大体上对政治精英心存怀疑,不过又保持其党派忠诚。只要满足两个条件,忠诚就会出现:话题有着明显的党派含义,但党派冲动并不威胁选举的竞争性。

ACS Style

Zim Nwokora. Sceptical partisans: How citizens think about political finance. Australian Journal of Political Science 2015, 50, 73 -92.

AMA Style

Zim Nwokora. Sceptical partisans: How citizens think about political finance. Australian Journal of Political Science. 2015; 50 (1):73-92.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zim Nwokora. 2015. "Sceptical partisans: How citizens think about political finance." Australian Journal of Political Science 50, no. 1: 73-92.

Research article
Published: 03 September 2014 in Cooperation and Conflict
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Women, Peace and Security (WPS) scholars and practitioners have expressed reservations about the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) principle because of its popular use as a synonym for armed humanitarian intervention. On the other hand, R2P’s early failure to engage with and advance WPS efforts such as United Nations Security Council (UNSC) resolution 1325 (2000) has seen the perpetuation of limited roles ascribed to women in implementing the R2P principle. As a result, there has been a knowledge and practice gap between the R2P and WPS agendas, despite the fact that their advocates share common goals in relation to the prevention of atrocities and protection of populations. In this article we propose to examine just one of the potential avenues for aligning the WPS agenda and R2P principle in a way that is beneficial to both and strengthens the pursuit of a shared goal – prevention. We argue that the development and inclusion of gender-specific indicators – particularly economic, social and political discriminatory practices against women – has the potential to improve the capacity of early warning frameworks to forecast future mass atrocities.

ACS Style

Sara E Davies; Sarah Teitt; Zim Nwokora. Bridging the gap: Early warning, gender and the responsibility to protect. Cooperation and Conflict 2014, 50, 228 -249.

AMA Style

Sara E Davies, Sarah Teitt, Zim Nwokora. Bridging the gap: Early warning, gender and the responsibility to protect. Cooperation and Conflict. 2014; 50 (2):228-249.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sara E Davies; Sarah Teitt; Zim Nwokora. 2014. "Bridging the gap: Early warning, gender and the responsibility to protect." Cooperation and Conflict 50, no. 2: 228-249.

Journal article
Published: 10 October 2013 in Political Studies
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Despite the success of his party systems theory, Giovanni Sartori's predominant party system is a type that is consistently avoided by party systems scholars, yet the reasons for this have been unclear. This article exposes the flaws in Sartori's predominant party system, but we also argue that it remains a useful concept and, consequently, that the literature's rejection of predominance and retreat to the cruder dominance notion is unnecessary. Instead, we amend predominance to ensure its coherence within Sartori's typology and consistency with his party systems theory. We show that our amendments improve the value of predominance as a category for empirical analysis of the effects of party systems.

ACS Style

Zim Nwokora; Riccardo Pelizzo. Sartori Reconsidered: Toward a New Predominant Party System. Political Studies 2013, 62, 824 -842.

AMA Style

Zim Nwokora, Riccardo Pelizzo. Sartori Reconsidered: Toward a New Predominant Party System. Political Studies. 2013; 62 (4):824-842.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zim Nwokora; Riccardo Pelizzo. 2013. "Sartori Reconsidered: Toward a New Predominant Party System." Political Studies 62, no. 4: 824-842.

Research article
Published: 23 October 2012 in Party Politics
Reads 0
Downloads 0

This article presents a unified theory explaining several conflicting empirical observations in the politics of campaign finance. It identifies those circumstances that foster or frustrate the enactment of financing laws that increase the competitiveness of elections. I argue that the competitiveness of financing laws is a result of three strong incentives when they operate in differently structured party systems. First, lawmakers have an incentive to make laws to protect their incumbency from competitors. This incentive generally overwhelms the (weaker) incentive to enact popular, competition-enhancing reforms. Secondly, lawmakers, when they act through political parties, have an incentive to cooperate with rivals to reduce the costs of political defeats. Thirdly, lawmakers seek to enact reforms that are consistent with their normative goals. These incentives combine with several party system variables to determine when campaign finance reform is likely to occur and how it will impact on the competitiveness of elections.

ACS Style

Zim Nwokora. The distinctive politics of campaign finance reform. Party Politics 2012, 20, 918 -929.

AMA Style

Zim Nwokora. The distinctive politics of campaign finance reform. Party Politics. 2012; 20 (6):918-929.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zim Nwokora. 2012. "The distinctive politics of campaign finance reform." Party Politics 20, no. 6: 918-929.