Infectious diseases caused by fungi and mycobacteria pose an important problem for humankind. Similarly, cancer is one of the leading causes of death globally. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of novel agents to combat the deadly problems of cancer, tuberculosis, and also fungal infections. Hence, in the present study, we designed, synthesized, and characterized 30 compounds including 15 chalcones (2–16) and 15 dihydropyrazoles (17–31) containing dichlorophenyl moiety and also screened these compounds for their antifungal, antitubercular, and antiproliferative activities. Among these compounds, the dihydropyrazoles showed excellent antifungal and antitubercular activities whereas the chalcones exhibited promising antiproliferative activity. Among the dihydropyrazoles, compound 31 containing 2-thienyl moiety showed promising antifungal activity (MIC 5.35 µM), whereas compounds 22 and 24 containing 2,4-difluorophenyl and 4-trifluoromethyl scaffolds revealed significant antitubercular activity with the MICs of 3.96 and 3.67 µM, respectively. Compound 16 containing 2-thienyl moiety in the chalcone series showed the highest anti-proliferative activity with an IC₅₀ value of 17 ± 1 µM. The most active compounds identified through this study could be considered as starting points in the development of drugs with potential antifungal, antitubercular, and antiproliferative activities.

The purpose of the investigation was to develop a simple, rapid and accurate RP-HPLC method to determine assay of Linagliptin, Empagliflozin and Metformin in solid dosage forms. The chromatographic separation was performed on Kromosil 250 x 4.6 mm, 5μm. Eluents were monitored on PDA detector at a wavelength of 233 nm using a Buffer: Acetonitrile (45:55v/v). The column temperature was maintained at 30°C. Validation parameters such as system suitability, linearity, precision, accuracy, specificity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), Stability of sample and standard stock solutions and robustness were studied as reported in the ICH guidelines. The retention time for Linagliptin, Empagliflozin and Metformin was 2.370min, 2.787min and 3.419 min respectively. Assay method further evaluated for Linagliptin, Empagliflozin and Metformin analysis at low concentration of analyte and found limit of detection is 0.02 μg/ml, 0.08 μg/ml and 9.22μg/mlrespectively and limit of Quantitation is 0.05μg/ml, 0.25μg/mland 27.94μg/mlrespectively. The percentage recovery of Linagliptin, Empagliflozin and Metformin was 99.99%, 99.47% and 100.01% respectively. The %RSD for Linagliptin, Empagliflozin and Metformin was 0.5%, 0.7% and 0.2%respectively. Linearity of Linagliptin, Empagliflozin and Metformin performed from 25% to150% and the R2 is 0.999, intercept and slope found to be y = 25605x + 1357, y = 40970x + 3932 and y = 1497.x + 12010 respectively. The method was fast, accurate, precise and sensitive hence it can be employed for routine quality control of Linagliptin, Empagliflozin and Metformin containing drug in quality control laboratories and pharmaceutical industries.

Outdoor sport recreation during all ages i.e., childhood, adolescence, adulthood etc., is of paramount importance in physical endurance and building stamina. The physical, mental, and emotional amassment associated with athletic endeavors can play an unparallel great appropriation in adulthood. Whether it is a group sport demanding the solidary effort of various traits and skills or the mental abilities required of one-to-one competition, character development often prospers. Unfortunately, on the rearside of many athletic endeavors lies the peril of injury, which can lead to long-term consequences. Therefore, equating the pros and cons is often an ideal course to making reasonable decisions about athletic involvement. The aim of this review is to identify the available research in regard to the risk factors and frequently occurring injuries in several sports and their curbing and management.