The application of resin adhesive to freshly cut dentin after teeth preparation, the so-called immediate dentin sealing (IDS) has been suggested as an alternative to the delayed dentin sealing (DDS), a technique in which resin adhesive is applied just before final bonding of indirect restorations.

The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between filler size, fracture toughness and voids. Seven model resin composites and one commercial have been used in the study. A single edge notch mould was used to prepare samples (n=8). A selected area of 1mm below and above the notch was scanned with micro CT and then the percentage of voids calculated. A universal testing machine was used to measure fracture toughness. Percentage of voids and fracture toughness data were analysed using ANOVA and post hoc methods were performed to check any significant differences between materials tested (p<0.05). Conclusion: Filler size is strongly correlated to % voids but has no effect on fracture toughness.

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of filler size on the packing stress and viscosity of uncured resin-composite at 23 °C and 37 °C. A precision instrument used was designed upon the penetrometer principle. Eight resin-composite materials were tested. Packing-stress ranged from 2.60 to 0.43 MPa and viscosity ranged from 2.88 to 0.02 MPa.s at 23 °C. Values for both properties were reduced significantly at 37 °C. Statistical analysis, by ANOVA and post hoc methods, were carried out to check any significant differences between materials tested (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Filler size and distribution will affect the viscosity and packing of resin-composites during cavity placement.

Statement of the problem. Resin composite restorations can lose their aesthetic properties in clinical service.Purpose. To investigate the effect of filler size on surface gloss and roughness of resin composites using a glossmeter and 3D noncontact surface topography, respectively, before and after tooth-brushing abrasion.Materials and Methods. Seven model resin composites and one commercial were tested in the study. All materials were first polished, and then the surface gloss and 2D and 3D roughness parameters were recorded. Materials are then subjected to abrasion in a tooth-brushing simulator. Roughness parameters were recorded after 10,000 cycles, and after 20,000 cycles, both roughness and gloss were recorded. One-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test (p<0.05) were used to analyze data.Conclusion. Filler size is strongly correlated to gloss and surface roughness retention.

Objective. To evaluate the influence of 3 different post-resin matrix systems cemented with dual-cure resin cement in simulated root canals made of PMMA acrylic sheet. Methods. 3 types of fiber posts (n = 60) with different resin matrixes divided into 3 groups: group 1 cross-linked FRC Postec Plus post (n = 20), group 2 cross-linked Rely X post (n = 20), and group 3 Interpenetrated IPN Everstick post (n = 20). All posts were cemented using Multilink Automix dual-cure cement. Posts were cemented into acrylic blocks in order to purely test the strength of cement-post interface. After one week storage at 37°C, two sections of 1 mm thickness from middle-third were subjected to micro-push-out test at crosshead speed 0.5 mm/min. Results. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The variable fiber post-matrix system was found to significantly affect the push-out bond strength (p<0.001). Group 2 exhibited that the highest mean push-out bond strength was (5.36 + 2.3 MPa), and group 3 showed the lowest mean push-out (0.41 + 0.4 MPa). There was significant difference among the groups regarding the failure mode as chi-square test revealed (p<0.001). Conclusion. Prefabricated cross-linked posts with epoxy-based matrix demonstrated higher bond strength than prefabricated cross-linked posts with Bis-GMA-based matrix and posts with semi-IPN matrix when luted with dimethacrylate-based dual-cured resin cement.

The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the current literature on the effect of implant surface characteristics on peri-implant marginal bone levels (MBL), soft tissue periodontal parameters, peri-implantitis, and implant failure rates. Randomized controlled trials were searched in electronic databases. Risk of bias within the selected studies was assessed using the Risk of Bias Tool 2. Meta-analyses were performed using Review Manager software for studies with similar comparisons reporting same outcome measures. Ten randomized control trials were included in the present review. The primary outcome of changes in peri-implant MBL favoured implants with machined surfaces, however, the difference was not statistically significant (P = .18). The changes in probing pocket depths significantly favoured the use of machined surfaces (P = .01), while the implant failure rates favoured roughened surface implants. However, the difference was not statistically significant (P = .09). Machined surface implants were favoured in terms of lesser peri-implant MBL, though the difference was not significant. The analysis also demonstrated limited favourable outcomes in terms of periodontal parameters for machined surfaces, with slightly significantly better outcomes in terms of probing pocket depths. However, rough surface implants tended to display a lower implant failure.