Background: Studies have shown that serum uric acid levels and uric acid-related ratios, such as uric acid-to-albumin ratio (UAR), uric acid-to-creatinine ratio (UCR), uric acid-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL cholesterol) ratio (UHR), and uric acid-to-lymphocyte ratio (ULR), are associated with various diseases and their complications, and that these ratios can be used as biomarkers. In the current study, we aimed to investigate uric acid levels in obese adolescents and the relationship of uric acid-related ratios with insulin resistance and obesity for the first time in the literature. Methods: A total of 100 adolescents (60 obese and 40 healthy) aged 10–17 years were retrospectively included. Participants were assigned to two groups: the obese group and the healthy control group. Obesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI) >the 95th percentile for age and gender. Demographic and laboratory data (serum glucose, urea, creatinine, uric acid, albumin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), C-reactive protein (CRP), total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free T4 (fT4), insulin levels, and complete blood count) were obtained from the laboratory information management system. A homeostatic model of assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL cholesterol), and uric acid-related ratios were calculated. Results: Uric acid, UAR, UCR, and UHR levels of obese adolescents were significantly higher than the healthy group (p < 0.05). We found that HOMA-IR was positively correlated with uric acid, UAR, and UHR. No correlation was found between BMI and uric acid or uric acid-related ratios. We did not find any difference between the two groups in terms of ULR levels, and we did not find any correlation between BMI and HOMA-IR. Conclusion: High levels of serum uric acid, UAR, UCR, and UHR were associated with obesity. Furthermore, we found that uric acid, UAR, and UHR were positively correlated with insulin resistance.

This study aims to evaluate the surgical outcomes and complications of completion thyroidectomy (CT) in patients who previously underwent lobectomy with istmhectomy (LI) or subtotal thyroidectomy (ST). The study also seeks to identify patient groups that benefit from CT and examine the risks associated with this procedure. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 70 patients who underwent completion thyroidectomy in our General Surgery Clinic between January 2015 and July 2023. Patients who had previously undergone thyroid surgery due to thyroid malignancy or benign goiter were included in the study. Demographic data, initial pathology, surgical procedures, postoperative complications, and histopathological findings were analyzed. Postoperative complications, including hypoparathyroidism, recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, hematoma, and the need for tracheostomy, were recorded and compared between groups. Based on prior surgical history, 18 patients (25.7%) had previously undergone LI, while 52 patients (74.3%) had undergone subtotal thyroidectomy (ST). The overall complication rate was significantly higher in the ST group (36.5%) compared to the LI group (11%) (p = 0.04). A significant association was found between larger nodule size and higher complication rates (p = 0.03). Postoperative histopathological examination revealed malignancy in 18.5% of patients, with no significant difference between the groups in terms of histopathological findings. This study highlights the increased risk of complications, particularly hypoparathyroidism and recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, in patients undergoing completion thyroidectomy after subtotal thyroidectomy. However, no significant differences were found between the groups regarding malignancy rates and histopathological findings. Further studies with larger patient populations and long-term follow-ups are needed to better understand the clinical benefits and risks of CT.

Amaç: Enterokoklar insan florasında bulunurlar ve oldukça düşük virulansa sahiptirler. Ancak, enterokoklar hastane ve toplum kaynaklı enfeksiyonlara neden olmakta ve son yıllarda bu enfeksiyonlarda antibiyotik direnç oranlarında artış gözlenmektedir. Bu çalışmada en sık izole edilen enterokok türleri olan Enterococcus faecalis ve Enterococ­cus faecium’un antibiyotik duyarlılıklarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamızda 2012 - 2016 yılları arasında Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Laboratuvarımıza gelen çeşitli klinik örneklerden izole edilen 727 enterokok suşu değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Tür tanımlamaları ve antibiyotik duyarlılık testleri konvansiyonel metodlar ve VITEK®-2 (BioMérieux, Fransa) otomatize identifikasyon cihazı ile yapılmıştır.Bulgular: Bu çalışmada izole edilen 727 enterokok suşunun 450’si (%61,9) E. faecalis, 277’si (%38,1) E. faecium olarak tanımlanmıştır. Enterokok suşlarının izole edildiği hastaların cinsiyet dağılımı; 387 (%53,2) kadın, 340 (%46,8) erkektir. Klinik örneklerin dağılımı; 467 (%64.2) idrar, 110 (%15.1) kan, 77 (%10.6) gaita, 43 (%5.9) yara ve 30 %(4.1) diğer örneklerdir. Enterokok suşları en sık idrar örneklerinden izole edilmiştir. İzole edilen E. faecium ve E. faecalis suşlarının tamamı tigesikline duyarlı olarak saptanmıştır. Vankomisin direnç oranı E. faecium izolatlarında %29,9 (80/268), E. faecalis izolatlarında %8,6 (37/432) olarak belirlenmiştir.Sonuç: Enterokoklarda son zamanlarda giderek artan direnç oranları bu enfeksiyonlara karşı birçok antibiyotiğin kullanımını sınırlandırmaktadır. Her hastanenin kendi sürveyans programını oluşturarak enterokokların tür düzeyinde tanımlanması, antibiyogram duyarlılık testlerini yapılması ve tedavi protokollerinin bu direnç paternlerine göre uygulanmasının enterokok enfeksiyonlarının kontrol altına alınmasında etkili olacağı kanaatindeyiz.

Aim: With the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic starting in late 2019 and continuing into 2020, permanent or periodic quarantine processes and curfews have been implemented. The objective of the study was to investigate the impact of extended quarantine processes during the pandemic on the development of metabolic syndrome (MET-S) due to physical inactivity. Material and Method: This retrospective study consists of two groups. The first group consists of patients who applied to our hospital in the 12 months preceding the pandemic. The second group consists of the same patients who applied to the same hospital within 12 months of the onset of the pandemic. A total of 44,024 participants who had lab data prior to and during the pandemic were included in the study. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), Triglyceride (TRIG), Total Cholesterol (T-Chol), High Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (HDL-C), Low Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and demographic characteristics of the patients were recorded. The test averages were compared between the two groups and their effects on the development of MET-S were subjected to statistical analysis. Results: When we compared our patients' HDL-C, FPG and TRIG levels measured during the pandemic and the pre-pandemic period, we found a statistically significant increase (p100 mg/dL and TRIG>150 mg/dL during the pandemic was statistically significantly higher than during the pre-pandemic period (51.7% vs 45.8%, p